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Khan R, Uygun ZO, Andreescu D, Andreescu S. Sensitive Detection of Perfluoroalkyl Substances Using MXene-AgNP-Based Electrochemical Sensors. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3403-3412. [PMID: 38830812 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pose a significant threat to the environment due to their persistence, ability to bioaccumulate, and harmful effects. Methods to quantify PFAS rapidly and effectively are essential to analyze and track contamination, but measuring PFAS down to the ultralow regulatory levels is extremely challenging. Here, we describe the development of a low-cost sensor that can measure a representative PFAS, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), at the parts per quadrillion (ppq) level within 5 min. The method combines the ability of PFOS to bind to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) embedded within a fluorine-rich Ti3C2-based multilayered MXene, which provides a large surface area and accessible binding sites for direct impedimetric detection. Fundamentally, we show that MXene-AgNPs are capable of binding PFOS and other long-chain PFAS compounds, though the synergistic action of AgNPs and MXenes via electrostatic and F-F interactions. This binding induced concentration-dependent changes in the charge-transfer resistance, enabling rapid and direct quantification with extremely high sensitivity and no response to interferences. The sensor displayed a linear range from 50 ppq to 1.6 ppt (parts per trillion) with an impressively low limit of detection of 33 ppq and a limit of quantification of 99 ppq, making this sensor a promising candidate for low-cost screening of the PFAS content in water samples, using a simple and inexpensive procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Zihni Onur Uygun
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Turkey
| | - Daniel Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
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2
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Subash A, Naebe M, Wang X, Kandasubramanian B. Tailoring electrospun nanocomposite fibers of polylactic acid for seamless methylene blue dye adsorption applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33393-9. [PMID: 38709414 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of biopolymers, which are sustainable and green materials, desegregated nature's water purification proficiency with science and technology, opens a new sustainable methodology in water reclamation. In order to introduce an efficacious adsorbent system for MB dye-toxic pollutant, adsorption, providing robust mechanical properties and facile processability, a facile system was introduced via electrospinning utilizing polylactic acid (PLA) and Ti3C2Tx, viz., PMX. The addition of 3 wt.% Ti3C2Tx led to a 3-fold substantial augmentation in the uptake capacity of the membrane from 197.28 to 307 mg/g when the adsorbate concentration was 100 ppm. The adsorption followed a PSO behavior, proposing that the rate-limiting stage is chemisorption and data best fitted to Freundlich isotherm, indicating heterogeneous adsorption sites and multi-layer adsorption. Further, biodegradability was studied by simulating natural environmental conditions where the nanofibers exhibited 42-64% degradation after 270 days. Based on the result with PLA, it is anticipated that the prepared fibrous system will introduce a new perspective as a potential candidate for MB removal from wastewater, opening new directions toward the research and development in wastewater treatment with electrospun biopolymer fibers using waste PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsha Subash
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
- Nano Surface Texturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, Maharashtra, 411025, India
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Xungai Wang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, Maharashtra, 411025, India.
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3
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Han G, Song S, Lu Y, Zhang M, Du D, Wu Q, Yang S, Wang R, Cui H, Yang L, Mao R, Sun B, Sweetman AJ, Wu Y. Simulating behavior of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in the mainstream of a river system with sluice regulations. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141302. [PMID: 38286309 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent, anionic and ubiquitous contaminant that undergoes long-range transport within the environment. Its behavior has attracted wide-range academic and regulatory attention. In this article, a mass balance model was employed to simulate PFOS concentrations in the mainstream of Haihe River water system, encompassing sluices and artificial rivers. The dynamic simulation of PFOS concentrations in both sediment and freshwater took into account fluctuations in PFOS emissions, water levels and water discharge. Furthermore, the study delved into exploring the impacts of sluices and artificial rivers on the behavior of PFOS. The simulated concentrations of PFOS in steady state agreed with the measured concentrations in surveys carried out in Nov. 2019, July 2020, Oct. 2020, and June 2021. Every year, approximately 24 kg PFOS was discharged into the Bohai Sea with Chaobai New River being the largest contributor for 44 %. Moreover, the transport of PFOS in the original rivers is likely to be restricted by sluices and replaced by artificial rivers. Monte Carlo analysis showed that model predictions of PFOS concentrations in sediment were subject to greater uncertainty than those in freshwater as the former is impacted by more parameters, such as density of sediment. This study provides a scientific basis for the local government to manage and control PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuai Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Di Du
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haotian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Andrew J Sweetman
- Lancaster Environmental Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Yanqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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4
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Liao M, Zheng Z, Jiang H, Ma M, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhuang S. MXenes as emerging adsorbents for removal of environmental pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169014. [PMID: 38040375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are a recently emerging class of two-dimensional nanomaterials that have gained considerable interest in the field of environmental protection. Owing to their high surface area, abundant terminal groups, and unique two-dimensional layered structures, MXenes have demonstrated high efficacy as adsorbents for various pollutants. Here we focused on the latest developments in the field of MXene-based adsorbents, including the structure and properties of MXenes, their synthesis and modification methods, and their adsorption performance and mechanisms for various pollutants. Among the pollutants that have been reported to be adsorbed by MXenes are radionuclides (U(VI), Sr(II), Cs(I), Eu(III), Ba(II), Th(IV), and Tc(VII)/Re(VII)), heavy metals (Hg(II), Cu(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II)), dyes, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), antibiotics (tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and sulfonamides), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and other contaminates. Moreover, future directions in MXene research are also suggested in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Liao
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Zhili Zheng
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Mingyu Ma
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Shuting Zhuang
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China.
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5
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Nannaware M, Mayilswamy N, Kandasubramanian B. PFAS: exploration of neurotoxicity and environmental impact. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:12815-12831. [PMID: 38277101 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread contaminants stemming from various industrial and consumer products, posing a grave threat to both human health and ecosystems. PFAS contamination arises from multiple sources, including industrial effluents, packaging, and product manufacturing, accumulating in plants and impacting the food chain. Elevated PFAS levels in water bodies pose significant risks to human consumption. This review focuses on PFAS-induced neurological effects, highlighting disrupted dopamine signalling and structural neuron changes in humans. Animal studies reveal apoptosis and hippocampus dysfunction, resulting in memory loss and spatial learning issues. The review introduces the BKMR model, a machine learning technique, to decipher intricate PFAS-neurotoxicity relationships. Epidemiological data underscores the vulnerability of young brains to PFAS exposure, necessitating further research. Stricter regulations, industry monitoring, and responsible waste management are crucial steps to reduce PFAS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrunal Nannaware
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, Marathwada Campus Jalna, Jalna, 431203, India
| | - Neelaambhigai Mayilswamy
- Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Girinagar, Pune, 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Girinagar, Pune, 411025, Maharashtra, India.
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6
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Cui J, Deng Y. Enhanced coagulation coupled with cyclic IX adsorption-ARP regeneration for removal of PFOA in drinking water treatment. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2023; 95:e10928. [PMID: 37740247 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory investigations were conducted to demonstrate a potentially transformative, cost-efficient per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) treatment approach, consisting of enhanced coagulation and repeated ion exchange (IX)-advanced reduction process (ARP) for concurrent PFAS removal and IX resin regeneration. Enhanced alum coagulation at the optimal conditions (pH 6.0, 60 mg/L alum) could preferentially remove high molecular-weight, hydrophobic natural organic matter (NOM) from 5.0- to ~1.2-mg/L DOC in simulated natural water. This facilitated subsequent IX adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, a model PFAS in this study) (20 μg/L) using IRA67 resin by minimizing the competition of NOM for functional sites on the resin. The PFOA/NOM-laden resin was then treated by ARP, generating hydrated electrons (eaq - ) that effectively degraded PFOA. The combined IX-ARP regeneration process was applied over six cycles to treat PFOA in pre-coagulated simulated natural water, nearly doubling the PFOA removal compared with the control group without ARP regeneration. This study underscores the potential of enhanced coagulation coupled with cyclic IX-ARP regeneration as a promising, cost-effective solution for addressing PFOA pollution in water. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Enhanced alum coagulation can substantially mitigate NOM to favor the following IX removal of PFOA in water. Cyclic IX adsorption-ARP regeneration offers an effective, potentially economical solution to the PFOA pollution in water. ARP can effectively degrade PFOA during the ARP regeneration of PFOA/NOM-laden resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkui Cui
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yang Deng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey, USA
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7
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Xiao F, Challa Sasi P, Alinezhad A, Sun R, Abdulmalik Ali M. Thermal Phase Transition and Rapid Degradation of Forever Chemicals (PFAS) in Spent Media Using Induction Heating. ACS ES&T ENGINEERING 2023; 3:1370-1380. [PMID: 37705671 PMCID: PMC10497035 DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.3c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have developed an innovative thermal degradation strategy for treating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS)-containing solid materials. Our strategy satisfies three criteria: the ability to achieve near-complete degradation of PFASs within a short timescale, nonselectivity, and low energy cost. In our method, a metallic reactor containing a PFAS-laden sample was subjected to electromagnetic induction that prompted a rapid temperature rise of the reactor via the Joule heating effect. We demonstrated that subjecting PFASs (0.001-12 μmol) to induction heating for a brief duration (e.g., <40 s) resulted in substantial degradation (>90%) of these compounds, including recalcitrant short-chain PFASs and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids. This finding prompted us to conduct a detailed study of the thermal phase transitions of PFASs using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). We identified at least two endothermic DSC peaks for anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic PFASs, signifying the melting and evaporation of the melted PFASs. Melting and evaporation points of many PFASs were reported for the first time. Our data suggest that the rate-limiting step in PFAS thermal degradation is linked with phase transitions (e.g., evaporation) occurring on different time scales. When PFASs are rapidly heated to temperatures similar to those produced during induction heating, the evaporation of melted PFAS slows down, allowing for the degradation of the melted PFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Pavankumar Challa Sasi
- Department of Civil
Engineering, University of North Dakota, 243 Centennial Drive Stop 8115, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
- EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., Hunt Valley, Maryland 21031, United States
| | - Ali Alinezhad
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Runze Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Mansurat Abdulmalik Ali
- Department of Civil
Engineering, University of North Dakota, 243 Centennial Drive Stop 8115, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
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8
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Alinezhad A, Shao H, Litvanova K, Sun R, Kubatova A, Zhang W, Li Y, Xiao F. Mechanistic Investigations of Thermal Decomposition of Perfluoroalkyl Ether Carboxylic Acids and Short-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:8796-8807. [PMID: 37195265 PMCID: PMC10269594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the thermal decomposition mechanisms of perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids (PFECAs) and short-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) that have been manufactured as replacements for phased-out per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). C-C, C-F, C-O, O-H, and C═C bond dissociation energies were calculated at the M06-2X/Def2-TZVP level of theory. The α-C and carboxyl-C bond dissociation energy of PFECAs declines with increasing chain length and the attachment of an electron-withdrawing trifluoromethyl (-CF3) group to the α-C. Experimental and computational results show that the thermal transformation of hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid to trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) occurs due to the preferential cleavage of the C-O ether bond close to the carboxyl group. This pathway produces precursors of perfluoropropionic acid (PFPeA) and TFA and is supplemented by a minor pathway (CF3CF2CF2OCFCF3COOH → CF3CF2CF2· + ·OCFCF3COOH) through which perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) is formed. The weakest C-C bond in PFPeA and PFBA is the one connecting the α-C and the β-C. The results support (1) the C-C scission in the perfluorinated backbone as an effective PFCA thermal decomposition mechanism and (2) the thermal recombination of radicals through which intermediates are formed. Additionally, we detected a few novel thermal decomposition products of studied PFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alinezhad
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Heng Shao
- Key
Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education,
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Katerina Litvanova
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Runze Sun
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Alena Kubatova
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Wen Zhang
- John
A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Yang Li
- Key
Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education,
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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Ismail UM, Elnakar H, Khan MF. Sources, Fate, and Detection of Dust-Associated Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): A Review. TOXICS 2023; 11:335. [PMID: 37112562 PMCID: PMC10146191 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of sand and dust storms (SDSs) is essential for the geochemical cycling of nutrients; however, it is considered a meteorological hazard common to arid regions because of the adverse impacts that SDSs brings with them. One common implication of SDSs is the transport and disposition of aerosols coated with anthropogenic contaminants. Studies have reported the presence of such contaminants in desert dust; however, similar findings related to ubiquitous emerging contaminants, such as per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), have been relatively scarce in the literature. This article reviews and identifies the potential sources of dust-associated PFAS that can accumulate and spread across SDS-prone regions. Furthermore, PFAS exposure routes and their toxicity through bioaccumulation in rodents and mammals are discussed. The major challenge when dealing with emerging contaminants is their quantification and analysis from different environmental media, and these PFAS include known and unknown precursors that need to be quantified. Consequently, a review of various analytical methods capable of detecting different PFAS compounds embedded in various matrices is provided. This review will provide researchers with valuable information relevant to the presence, toxicity, and quantification of dust-associated PFAS to develop appropriate mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman M. Ismail
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham Elnakar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Faizan Khan
- Alberta Environment and Protected Areas, Drinking Water and Wastewater, Regulatory Assurance Division, Government of Alberta, 2938 11 St. NE, Calgary, AB T2E 7L7, Canada
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10
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Kumar A, Sidharth S, Kandasubramanian B. A review on algal biosorbents for heavy metal remediation with different adsorption isotherm models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:39474-39493. [PMID: 36780087 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25710-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Biosorbent composites like chitin, alginate, moss, xanthene, and cotton can be derived from biotic species such as plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria which can be used for the exclusion of both organic and inorganic toxicants from sewage, industrial effluent, polluted soils, and many more. The use of composites in place of raw substrates like alginate and chitin increases the adsorption capacity as CS4CPL1 beads increase the adsorption capacity for copper and nickel from 66.7 mg/g and 15.3 mg/g in the case of alginate microsphere to 719.38 mg/g and 466.07 mg/g respectively. Biosorbent fabricated from algae Chlorella vulgaris having surface area of 12.1 m2/g and pore size of 13.7 nm owing to which it displayed a higher adsorption capacity for Pb 0.433 mmol/g indicating their potential as an efficient biosorbent material. This article contains detailed information related to heavy metals as well as biosorbent that includes different isotherms, kinetics, techniques to estimate heavy metal concentration, removal methods, and adverse health effects caused due to heavy metal pollution. Apart from the above recovery and reuse of biosorbent, correlation with the sustainable development goals has also been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Kumar
- Nano Surface Texturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sumati Sidharth
- Technology Management, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, 411025, Maharashtra, India.
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11
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Subash A, Naebe M, Wang X, Kandasubramanian B. Biopolymer - A sustainable and efficacious material system for effluent removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130168. [PMID: 36302289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Undesired discharge of various effluents directly into the aquatic ecosystem can adversely affect water quality, endangering aquatic and terrestrial flora and fauna. Therefore, the conceptual design and fabrication of a sustainable system for alleviating the harmful toxins that are discharged into the atmosphere and water bodies using a green sustainable approach is a fundamental standpoint. Adsorptive removal of toxins (∼99% removal efficacy) is one of the most attractive and facile approaches for cleaner technologies that remediate the environmental impacts and provide a safe operating space. Recently, the introduction of biopolymers for the adsorptive abstraction of toxins from water has received considerable attention due to their eclectic accessibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and enhanced removal efficacy (∼ 80-90% for electrospun fibers). This review summarizes the recent literature on the biosorption of various toxins by biopolymers and the possible interaction between the adsorbent and adsorbate, providing an in-depth perspective of the adsorption mechanism. Most of the observed results are explained in terms of (1) biopolymers classification and application, (2) toxicity of various effluents, (3) biopolymers in wastewater treatment and their removal mechanism, and (4) regeneration, reuse, and biodegradation of the adsorbent biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsha Subash
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; Nano Surface Texturing, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds Campus, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Xungai Wang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India.
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