1
|
Chen C, Zhao B. Indoor Emissions Contributed the Majority of Ultrafine Particles in Chinese Urban Residences. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:8444-8456. [PMID: 38662989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafine particle (UFP) pollution should be controlled to reduce its effects on health. The design of control measures is limited owing to the uncertainty of source contributions in Chinese residences, where indoor UFP pollution is more severe than in Western residences. Herein, a source-specific, time-dependent UFP concentration model was developed by applying an infiltration factor model incorporating coagulation effects. A Monte Carlo framework with the UFP concentration model was employed to estimate the probabilistic distribution of source contributions in Chinese residences. The input parameter distributions were determined based on our survey and previous studies. The annually averaged indoor UFP concentration was estimated at (2.75 ± 1.71) × 104 #/cm3, ranging from 2.35 × 103 to 1.27 × 105 #/cm3 outside the kitchen, and at (5.48 ± 3.08) × 104 #/cm3, ranging from 2.90 × 103 to 1.94 × 105 #/cm3 in the kitchen. Indoor sources contributed more to indoor UFPs, accounting for 61% in the nonkitchen and 80% in the kitchen, surpassing their contribution to indoor PM2.5 in Chinese residences. Meanwhile, the indoor UFP emission contributions were higher than those in the United States, Canada, and Germany, owing to higher emissions from cooking and cigarette smoking. These results will aid in elucidating human exposure to UFPs and in designing more targeted control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Intelligent and Low-Carbon Building Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Digital Simulations for Coastal Civil Engineering, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sherenian M, Biagini JM, Ryan P, Khurana Hershey GK. What allergists/immunologists can do to limit the effects of air pollution on asthma and allergies. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:421-422. [PMID: 38008216 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sherenian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jocelyn M Biagini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Patrick Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ji JS, Xia Y, Liu L, Zhou W, Chen R, Dong G, Hu Q, Jiang J, Kan H, Li T, Li Y, Liu Q, Liu Y, Long Y, Lv Y, Ma J, Ma Y, Pelin K, Shi X, Tong S, Xie Y, Xu L, Yuan C, Zeng H, Zhao B, Zheng G, Liang W, Chan M, Huang C. China's public health initiatives for climate change adaptation. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2023; 40:100965. [PMID: 38116500 PMCID: PMC10730322 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
China's health gains over the past decades face potential reversals if climate change adaptation is not prioritized. China's temperature rise surpasses the global average due to urban heat islands and ecological changes, and demands urgent actions to safeguard public health. Effective adaptation need to consider China's urbanization trends, underlying non-communicable diseases, an aging population, and future pandemic threats. Climate change adaptation initiatives and strategies include urban green space, healthy indoor environments, spatial planning for cities, advance location-specific early warning systems for extreme weather events, and a holistic approach for linking carbon neutrality to health co-benefits. Innovation and technology uptake is a crucial opportunity. China's successful climate adaptation can foster international collaboration regionally and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John S. Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Xia
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Linxin Liu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiju Zhou
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National School of Public Health, Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingkun Jiang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National School of Public Health, Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Public Meteorological Service Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases at China, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxiang Liu
- Public Meteorological Service Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Long
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuebin Lv
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kinay Pelin
- School of Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Prince Edward Island, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shilu Tong
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yang Xie
- School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huatang Zeng
- Shenzhen Health Development Research and Data Management Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjie Zheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wannian Liang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Margaret Chan
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Cunrui Huang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kalisa E, Clark ML, Ntakirutimana T, Amani M, Volckens J. Exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution in schools in Africa: Current status, knowledge gaps, and a call to action. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18450. [PMID: 37560671 PMCID: PMC10407038 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution is linked to adverse human health impacts worldwide, and in children, these include increased respiratory symptoms, reduced cognitive and academic performance, and absences from school. African children are exposed to high levels of air pollution from aging diesel and gasoline second-hand vehicles, dusty roads, trash burning, and solid-fuel combustion for cooking. There is a need for more empirical evidence on the impact of air pollutants on schoolchildren in most countries of Africa. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review on schoolchildren's exposure to indoor and outdoor PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm and PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm) in Africa. Following PRISMA guidelines, our search strategy yielded 2975 records, of which eight peer-reviewed articles met our selection criteria and were considered in the final analysis. We also analyzed satellite data on PM2.5 and PM10 levels in five African regions from 1990 to 2019 and compared schoolchildren's exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 levels in Africa with available data from the rest of the world. The findings showed that schoolchildren in Africa are frequently exposed to PM2.5 and PM10 levels exceeding the recommended World Health Organization air quality guidelines. We conclude with a list of recommendations and strategies to reduce air pollution exposure in African schools. Education can help to produce citizens who are literate in environmental science and policy. More air quality measurements in schools and intervention studies are needed to protect schoolchildren's health and reduce exposure to air pollution in classrooms across Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Egide Kalisa
- College of Science and Technology, Center of Excellence in Biodiversity and Natural Resource Management, University of Rwanda, Kigali, P.O BOX, 4285, Kigali, Rwanda
- Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, M3H5T4, Canada
| | - Maggie L. Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Theoneste Ntakirutimana
- University of Rwanda, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, P.O BOX, 4285, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Mabano Amani
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Liu Y, Li S, Xu R, Yu P, Ramos C, Ebrahimifakhar A, Guo Y. Efficiency of portable air purification on public buses: A pilot study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121696. [PMID: 37088254 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have been frequently reported in public transit systems and can cause adverse health effect. The portable air purifier is an inexpensive solution that could potentially clean in-cabin PM2.5. This study aims to find the PM2.5 removal efficiency of portable air purifiers in a public transit bus. In various scenarios, after artificially preloading the in-cabin PM2.5 concentration to 400 μg/m3, the concentrations were measured every 10 s, with and without the intervention of air purifiers. In a test bus with a volume of approximately 62.5 m3, three portable air purifiers were capable of reducing the average concentration of PM2.5 by 42-74%, from 400 μg/m3, to levels below 15 μg/m3, the acceptable short-term exposure concentration recommended by WHO. When high concentrations of outdoor PM2.5 entered the bus, purifiers maintained a relatively low level of in-cabin PM2.5. Air purifiers were more effective in reducing in-cabin PM2.5 than traditional air filtration and ventilation methods (air conditioning system filtration and door opening) in public transit buses. The deployed air purifiers reduced the concentration of particulate matter inside the bus, which may reduce the health risk of PM2.5 exposure and the spreading of airborne infections in public transit, thus, implying the potential to enhance passengers' and drivers' health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhang
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Yanming Liu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Rongbin Xu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | - Pei Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia
| | | | | | - Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|