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Zhao Y, Yang F, Jiang H, Gao G. Piezoceramic membrane with built-in ultrasound for reactive oxygen species generation and synergistic vibration anti-fouling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4845. [PMID: 38844530 PMCID: PMC11156986 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Piezoceramic membranes have emerged as a prominent solution for membrane fouling control. However, the prevalent use of toxic lead and limitations of vibration-based anti-fouling mechanism impede their wider adoption in water treatment. This study introduces a Mn/BaTiO3 piezoceramic membrane, demonstrating a promising in-situ anti-fouling efficacy and mechanism insights. When applied to an Alternating Current at a resonant frequency of 20 V, 265 kHz, the membrane achieves optimal vibration, effectively mitigating various foulants such as high-concentration oil (2500 ppm, including real industrial oil wastewater), bacteria and different charged inorganic colloidal particles, showing advantages over other reported piezoceramic membranes. Importantly, our findings suggest that the built-in ultrasonic vibration of piezoceramic membranes can generate reactive oxygen species. This offers profound insights into the distinct anti-fouling processes for organic and inorganic wastewater, supplementing and unifying the traditional singular vibrational anti-fouling mechanism of piezoceramic membranes, and potentially propelling the development of piezoelectric catalytic membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Han Jiang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Guandao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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2
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Röcker D, Dietmann K, Nägler L, Su X, Fraga-García P, Schwaminger SP, Berensmeier S. Design and characterization of an electrochemically-modulated membrane chromatography device. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1718:464733. [PMID: 38364620 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Membrane separations offer a compelling alternative to traditional chromatographic methods by overcoming mass transport limitations. We introduce an additional degree of freedom in modulating membrane chromatography by using metalized membranes in a potential-driven process. Investigating the impact of a gold coating on membrane characteristics, the sputtered gold layer enhances the surface conductivity with stable electrochemical behavior. However, this comes at the expense of reduced permeability, wettability, and static binding capacity (∼ 474 µg g-1 of maleic acid). The designed device displayed a homogenous flow distribution, and the membrane electrodes exhibit predominantly capacitive behavior during potential application. Modulating the electrical potential during the adsorption and desorption phase strongly influenced the binding and elution behavior of anion-exchange membranes. Switching potentials between ±1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl induces desorption, confirming the process principle. Elution efficiency reaches up to 58 % at -1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl in the desorption phase without any alteration of the mobile phase. Increasing the potential perturbation ranging from +1.0 V to -1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl resulted in reduced peak width and improved elution behavior, demonstrating the feasibility of electrochemically-modulated membrane chromatography. The developed process has great potential as a gentle and sustainable separation step in the biotechnological and chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Röcker
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, Garching 85748, Germany; Munich Institute for Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4a, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Katharina Dietmann
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Larissa Nägler
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Xiao Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Paula Fraga-García
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Sebastian P Schwaminger
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Sonja Berensmeier
- Chair of Bioseparation Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, Garching 85748, Germany; Munich Institute for Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4a, Garching 85748, Germany.
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3
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Kim J, Tijing L, Shon HK, Hong S. Electrically conductive membrane distillation via an alternating current operation for zero liquid discharge. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120510. [PMID: 37634460 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) shows promise for achieving high salinity treatment and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) compared to conventional water treatment processes due to its unique characteristics, including low energy consumption and high resulting water quality. However, performance degradation due to fouling and scaling under high recovery conditions remains a challenge, particularly considering the need to control both cations and anions for maximum scaling mitigation. Accordingly, in this study, alternating current (AC) operation for electrically conductive membrane distillation (ECMD) is newly proposed, based on its potential for controlling both cations and anions, in contrast to conventional direct current (DC) operation. Systematic experiments and theoretical analysis show that water recovery in ECMD can be increased by 27% through AC operation. The proposed modification and effective AC operation of ECMD increase the practicality of using MD in desalination for a high recovery rate, perhaps even for ZLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Kim
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Leonard Tijing
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; ARC Research Hub for Nutrients in a Circular Economy, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ho Kyong Shon
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; ARC Research Hub for Nutrients in a Circular Economy, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Seungkwan Hong
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Ren Y, Zheng W, Li S, Liu Y. Atomic H*-mediated electrochemical removal of low concentration antimonite and recovery of antimony from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130520. [PMID: 36462238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Compounds containing antimony (Sb) are broadly used as starting materials for a wide range of industrial products, leading to serious water pollution associated with Sb rock mining as well as Sb leaching. Herein, we proposed an innovative design of an electrified membrane consisted of bimetallic palladium and iron nanoparticles (Pd-Fe NPs) supported on conductive carbon nanotube (CNT) networks. The nanohybrid filter enabled effective generation and retainment of atomic hydrogen (H*) under an electric field, which further contributed to the complete electroreduction of antimonite (Sb(III)). The highest atomic H* yield and Sb(III) removal kinetics were identified once a potential of -1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl was exerted. Compared to the pristine CNT, Pd-CNT and Fe-CNT filters, the reaction rate constant of the Pd/Fe-CNT filter was increased 5.15-, 2.39-, and 1.76-fold, respectively for electrochemical removal of Sb(III). The results denoted that the superior performance of the Pd/Fe-CNT nanohybrid filter originated from: (1) the flow-through design, which enhanced mass transport, (2) the bimetallic design, which increased the catalytic activity, and (3) the collective contribution from atomic H*-mediated indirect reduction and direct electron transfer reduction mechanisms. The robust system performance occurred over a broad range of pH values, a variety of water matrices and can withstand several cycles of experiments. Our findings highlight an effective electro-filtration strategy to induce atomic H*-mediated electrochemical removal and recovery of Sb from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wentian Zheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shuo Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China.
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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5
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Highly-efficient cathodic lysis of biofilm on conductive carbon nanotube membranes. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Zhao Y, Gu Y, Liu B, Yan Y, Shan C, Guo J, Zhang S, Vecitis CD, Gao G. Pulsed hydraulic-pressure-responsive self-cleaning membrane. Nature 2022; 608:69-73. [PMID: 35922500 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04942-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pressure-driven membranes is a widely used separation technology in a range of industries, such as water purification, bioprocessing, food processing and chemical production1,2. Despite their numerous advantages, such as modular design and minimal footprint, inevitable membrane fouling is the key challenge in most practical applications3. Fouling limits membrane performance by reducing permeate flux or increasing pressure requirements, which results in higher energetic operation and maintenance costs4-7. Here we report a hydraulic-pressure-responsive membrane (PiezoMem) to transform pressure pulses into electroactive responses for in situ self-cleaning. A transient hydraulic pressure fluctuation across the membrane results in generation of current pulses and rapid voltage oscillations (peak, +5.0/-3.2 V) capable of foulant degradation and repulsion without the need for supplementary chemical cleaning agents, secondary waste disposal or further external stimuli3,8-13. PiezoMem showed broad-spectrum antifouling action towards a range of membrane foulants, including organic molecules, oil droplets, proteins, bacteria and inorganic colloids, through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and dielectrophoretic repulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuna Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie Yan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Guo
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shantao Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chad D Vecitis
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Guandao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. .,Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Li B, Tang W, Sun D, Li B, Ge Y, Ye X, Fang W. Electrochemical manufacture of graphene oxide/polyaniline conductive membrane for antibacterial application and electrically enhanced water permeability. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Shen Y, Badireddy AR. A Critical Review on Electric Field-Assisted Membrane Processes: Implications for Fouling Control, Water Recovery, and Future Prospects. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110820. [PMID: 34832048 PMCID: PMC8618152 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrofiltration, an electric field-assisted membrane process, has been a research topic of growing popularity due to its ability to improve membrane performance by providing in situ antifouling conditions in a membrane system. The number of reports on electrofiltration have increased exponentially over the past two decades. These reports explored many innovations, such as novel configurations of an electric field, engineered membrane materials, and interesting designs of foulant compositions and membrane modules. Recent electrofiltration literature focused mainly on compiling results without a comprehensive comparative analysis across different works. The main objective of this critical review is to, first, organize, compare and contrast the results across various electrofiltration studies; second, discuss various types of mechanisms that could be incorporated into electrofiltration and their effect on membrane system performance; third, characterize electrofiltration phenomenon; fourth, interpret the effects of various operational conditions on the performance of electrofiltration; fifth, evaluate the state-of-the-art knowledge associated with modeling efforts in electrofiltration; sixth, discuss the energy costs related to the implementation of electrofiltration; and finally, identify the current knowledge gaps that hinder the transition of the lab-scale observations to industry-scale electrofiltration as well as the future prospects of electrofiltration.
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9
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Rice D, Rajwade K, Zuo K, Bansal R, Li Q, Garcia-Segura S, Perreault F. Electrochemically-active carbon nanotube coatings for biofouling mitigation: Cleaning kinetics and energy consumption for cathodic and anodic regimes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 603:391-397. [PMID: 34197987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biofouling is a major obstacle in engineered systems exposed to aqueous conditions. Many attempts have been made to engineer the surface properties of materials to render them resistant to biofouling. These modifications typically rely on passive antimicrobial or anti-adhesive surface coatings that prevent the deposition of bacteria or inactivate them once they reach the surface. However, no surface modification strategy completely prevents biofilm formation, and, over time, surfaces will be fouled and require cleaning. In this work, we demonstrate the capacity of electrochemical carbon nanotube coatings in dispersing biofilms formed on the surface. A systematic analysis of the biofilm removal kinetics in function of applied current density is made to identify the optimal current conditions needed for efficient surface cleaning. Operating the electrochemically active surface as a cathode produces superior results compared to when it is operated as an anode. Specifically, the 5.00 A m-2 and 2.50 A m-2 cathodic conditions produced rapid cleaning, with complete biofilm dispersal after 2 min of operation. Surface cleaning is attributed to the generation of microbubbles on the surface that scours the surface to remove the adhered biofilm. Energy consumption analyses indicate that the 2.50 A m-2 cathodic condition offers the best combination of cleaning kinetics and energy consumption achieving 99% biofilm removal at an energy cost of ~$ 0.0318 m-2. This approach can be competitive compared to the current chemical cleaning strategies, while offering an opportunity for a more sustainable and integrated approach for biofouling management in engineered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Rice
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, United States; Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, United States
| | - Kimya Rajwade
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, United States; Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, United States
| | - Kuichang Zuo
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, United States
| | - Rishabh Bansal
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, United States; School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, United States
| | - Qilin Li
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, United States
| | - Sergi Garcia-Segura
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, United States; Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, United States
| | - François Perreault
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, United States; Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, United States.
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10
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Guo D, Liu Y, Ji H, Wang CC, Chen B, Shen C, Li F, Wang Y, Lu P, Liu W. Silicate-Enhanced Heterogeneous Flow-Through Electro-Fenton System Using Iron Oxides under Nanoconfinement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:4045-4053. [PMID: 33625227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a silicate-enhanced flow-through electro-Fenton system with a nanoconfined catalyst was rationally designed and demonstrated for the highly efficient, rapid, and selective degradation of antibiotic tetracycline. The key active component of this system is the Fe2O3 nanoparticle filled carbon nanotube (Fe2O3-in-CNT) filter. Under an electric field, this composite filter enabled in situ H2O2 generation, which was converted to reactive oxygen species accompanied by the redox cycling of Fe3+/Fe2+. The presence of the silicate electrolyte significantly boosted the H2O2 yield by preventing the O-O bond dissociation of the adsorbed OOH*. Compared with the surface coated Fe2O3 on the CNT (Fe2O3-out-CNT) filter, the Fe2O3-in-CNT filter demonstrated 1.65 times higher kL value toward the degradation of the antibiotic tetracycline. Electron paramagnetic resonance and radical quenching tests synergistically verified that the dominant radical species was the 1O2 or HO· in the confined Fe2O3-in-CNT or unconfined Fe2O3-out-CNT system, respectively. The flow-through configuration offered improved tetracycline degradation kinetics, which was 5.1 times higher (at flow rate of 1.5 mL min-1) than that of a conventional batch reactor. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry measurements and theoretical calculations suggested reduced toxicity of fragments of tetracycline formed. This study provides a novel strategy by integrating state-of-the-art material science, Fenton chemistry, and microfiltration technology for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Guo
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Haodong Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chong-Chen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Building Structure and Environment Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chensi Shen
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fang Li
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yongxia Wang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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11
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Liu Y, Gao G, Vecitis CD. Prospects of an Electroactive Carbon Nanotube Membrane toward Environmental Applications. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2892-2902. [PMID: 33170634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Rapid population growth and industrialization have driven the emergence of advanced electrochemical and membrane technologies for environmental and energy applications. Electrochemical processes have potential for chemical transformations, chloralkali disinfection, and energy storage. Membrane separations have potential for gas, fluid, and chemical purification. Electrochemical and membrane technologies are often used additively in the same unit process, e.g., the chloroalkali process where a membrane is used to separate cathodic and anodic products from scavenging each other. However, to access the maximal potential requires intimate hybridization of the two technologies into an electroactive membrane. The combination of the two discrete technologies results in a range of synergisms such as reduced footprint, increased processing kinetics, reduced fouling, and increased energy efficiency.Due to their high specific surface area, excellent electric conductivity, and desirable robustness, 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) hold promise for many applications over a range of industry sectors such as a base material for electrodes and membranes. Importantly, CNT morphology and surface chemistry can be rationally modified and fine-tuning of these CNT physicochemical properties can enhance their functionality toward practical applications. The CNT 1D form allows assembly of a stable thin-film fibrous network by a variety of facile techniques. These CNT networks have pore sizes in the range of 10-500 nm (dpore ∼ 6-8dCNT) and thicknesses of 10-200 μm, both similar to those of classical polymer membranes, thus allowing for straightforward incorporation into commercial membrane devices modified for electroactivity inclusion.In this Account, CNTs and their composites are used as model electroactive porous materials to exemplify the design strategies and environmental applications of emerging electroactive membrane technology. The Account begins with a brief summary of the electroactive membrane design principles and flow processes developed by our groups. After the methodology section, a detailed discussion is provided on the underlying physical-chemical mechanisms that govern the electroactive membrane technology. Then we summarize our findings on the rational design of several flow-through electrochemical CNT filtration systems focused on either anodic oxidation reactions or cathodic reduction reactions. Subsequently, we discuss a recently discovered electrochemical valence-state-regulation strategy that is capable to detoxify and sequester heavy metal ions. Finally, we conclude the Account with our perspectives toward future development of the electroactive membrane technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbiao Liu
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620 China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Guandao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chad D. Vecitis
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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12
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Yu S, Gao Y, Khan R, Liang P, Zhang X, Huang X. Electrospun PAN-based graphene/SnO2 carbon nanofibers as anodic electrocatalysis microfiltration membrane for sulfamethoxazole degradation. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Carbon Nanotube/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Composite Materials to Reduce Bacterial Adhesion. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9080434. [PMID: 32707936 PMCID: PMC7459730 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9080434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Different studies have shown that the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) enables the production of composite materials with enhanced properties, which can find important applications in the biomedical field. In the present work, CNT/PDMS composite materials have been prepared to evaluate the effects of pristine and chemically functionalized CNT incorporation into PDMS on the composite's thermal, electrical, and surface properties on bacterial adhesion in dynamic conditions. Initial bacterial adhesion was studied using a parallel-plate flow chamber assay performed in conditions prevailing in urinary tract devices (catheters and stents) using Escherichia coli as a model organism and PDMS as a control due to its relevance in these applications. The results indicated that the introduction of the CNTs in the PDMS matrix yielded, in general, less bacterial adhesion than the PDMS alone and that the reduction could be dependent on the surface chemistry of CNTs, with less adhesion obtained on the composites with pristine rather than functionalized CNTs. It was also shown CNT pre-treatment and incorporation by different methods affected the electrical properties of the composites when compared to PDMS. Composites enabling a 60% reduction in cell adhesion were obtained by CNT treatment by ball-milling, whereas an increase in electrical conductivity of seven orders of magnitude was obtained after solvent-mediated incorporation. The results suggest even at low CNT loading values (1%), these treatments may be beneficial for the production of CNT composites with application in biomedical devices for the urinary tract and for other applications where electrical conductance is required.
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14
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Bergsman DS, Getachew BA, Cooper CB, Grossman JC. Preserving nanoscale features in polymers during laser induced graphene formation using sequential infiltration synthesis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3636. [PMID: 32686666 PMCID: PMC7371709 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct lasing of polymeric membranes to form laser induced graphene (LIG) offers a scalable and potentially cheaper alternative for the fabrication of electrically conductive membranes. However, the high temperatures induced during lasing can deform the substrate polymer, altering existing micro- and nanosized features that are crucial for a membrane's performance. Here, we demonstrate how sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) of alumina, a simple solvent-free process, stabilizes polyethersulfone (PES) membranes against deformation above the polymers' glass transition temperature, enabling the formation of LIG without any changes to the membrane's underlying pore structure. These membranes are shown to have comparable sheet resistance to carbon-nanotube-composite membranes. They are electrochemically stable and maintain their permeability after lasing, demonstrating their competitive performance as electrically conductive membranes. These results demonstrate the immense versatility of SIS for modifying materials when combined with laser induced graphitization for a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Bergsman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bezawit A Getachew
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christopher B Cooper
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Grossman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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15
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Yang W, Son M, Rossi R, Vrouwenvelder JS, Logan BE. Adapting Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide for Electrically Conductive Membranes Fabricated by Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:963-969. [PMID: 31834766 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of electrically conductive membranes has recently drawn great interest in water treatment as an approach to reduce biofouling. Most conductive membranes are made by binding nanoparticles (carbon nanotubes or graphene) to a polymeric membrane using additional polymers, but this method risks leaching these nanomaterials into the environment. A new approach was developed here based on producing an electrically conductive layer of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) by atomic layer deposition. The aqueous instability of AZO, which is a critical challenge for water applications, was solved by capping the AZO layer with an ultrathin (∼11 nm) TiO2 layer (AZO/TiO2). The combined film exhibited prolonged stability in water and had a low sheet resistance of 67 Ω/sq with a 120 nm-thick coating, while the noncapped AZO coating quickly deteriorated as shown by a large increase in membrane resistance. The AZO/TiO2 membranes had enhanced resistance to biofouling, with a 72% reduction in bacterial counts in the absence of an applied current due to its higher hydrophilicity than the bare polymeric membrane, and it achieved an additional 50% reduction in bacterial colonization with an applied voltage. The use of TiO2-capped AZO layers provides a new approach for producing conductive membranes using abundant materials, and it avoids the risk of releasing nanoparticles into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulin Yang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Moon Son
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Ruggero Rossi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Johannes S Vrouwenvelder
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Bruce E Logan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
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16
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Study on catalytic performances and reaction mechanisms of graphene electroactive membrane in wastewater treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Fan X, Liu Y, Wang X, Quan X, Chen S. Improvement of Antifouling and Antimicrobial Abilities on Silver-Carbon Nanotube Based Membranes under Electrochemical Assistance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:5292-5300. [PMID: 30933494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Excellent fouling resistance to various foulants is crucial to maintain the separation performance of membranes in providing potable water. Antimicrobial modification is effective for antibiofouling but fails to mitigate organic fouling. Improving surface charges can improve the resistance to charged foulants, but the lack of antimicrobial ability results in bacterial aggregation. Herein, a silver nanoparticle modified carbon nanotube (Ag-CNT)/ceramic membrane was prepared with enhanced antifouling and antimicrobial properties under electrochemical assistance. The presence of silver nanoparticles endows the composite membrane with antimicrobial ability by which biofilm formation is inhibited. Its steady-state flux is 1.9 times higher than that for an unmodified membrane in filtering bacterial suspension. Although the formation of organic fouling did weaken the biofouling resistance, the negatively charged bacteria and organic matter can be sufficiently repelled away from the cathodic membrane under electrochemical assistance. The flux loss under a low-voltage of 2.0 V decreased to <10% from >35% for the membrane alone when bacteria and organic matter coexisted in the feedwater. More importantly, silver dissolution was significantly inhibited via an in situ electroreduction process by which the Ag+ concentration in the effluent (<1.0 μg/L) was about 2 orders of magnitude lower than that without voltage. The integration of antimicrobial modification and electrochemistry offers a new prospect in the development of membranes with high fouling resistance in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Dalian Maritime University , Dalian 116026 , China
| | - Yanming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Xie Quan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
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18
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Hu C, Li M, Sun J, Liu R, Liu H, Qu J. NOM fouling resistance in response to electric field during electro-ultrafiltration: Significance of molecular polarity and weight. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 539:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Mameda N, Park H, Choo KH. Electrochemical filtration process for simultaneous removal of refractory organic and particulate contaminants from wastewater effluents. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 144:699-708. [PMID: 30096695 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Versatile electrochemical reactions are effective for removing a wide range of water contaminants. This study focuses on the development and testing of bifunctional electrocatalytic filter anodes as reactive and separating media for the simultaneous removal of refractory dissolved organic and particulate contaminants from real wastewater effluents. The results show that the TiO2 particle interlayers formed between the Ti fiber support and the top composite metal oxide catalyst layers assist in reducing filter pores to an effective size range that enables removal of most particulates within the wastewater. The double-sheet design, which is a sandwich-structured module with an internal void space for permeate, prevents filter fouling, and transmembrane pressure can be maintained at a very low level of <5 kPa during batch and continuous flow reactor operations. Substantive and simultaneous removal of dissolved organics (e.g., chromophores, fluorophores, 1,4-dioxane, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon) and particulate matter (i.e., turbidity) are achieved, although removal rates and efficacies differ depending on the electric current density applied. Decolorization and particulate rejection occur swiftly and immediately, but 1,4-dioxane degradation is relatively slow and quite time-dependent. Possible 1,4-dioxane degradation pathways during electrocatalysis are also proposed. Electrochemical filtration technology shows considerable promise for use in the next generation of advanced wastewater treatment solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Mameda
- Advanced Institute of Water Industry, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeona Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Choo
- Advanced Institute of Water Industry, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Zhu X, Dudchenko AV, Khor CM, He X, Ramon GZ, Jassby D. Field-Induced Redistribution of Surfactants at the Oil/Water Interface Reduces Membrane Fouling on Electrically Conducting Carbon Nanotube UF Membranes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:11591-11600. [PMID: 30221512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-based treatment of oily wastewater remains a significant challenge, particularly under high salinity conditions. The main difficulty associated with this separation process is membrane fouling, mostly caused by wetting and coalescence of emulsified oil droplets on the membrane surface. In this study, electrically conducting carbon nanotube-based ultrafiltration membranes were used to treat an emulsified oil suspension at ionic strengths as high as 100 mM. By tuning the electrical potential applied to the membrane surface, we demonstrate how fouling can be dramatically reduced, even under high salinity conditions. Permeate water quality is shown to improve upon application of a negative potential. Using optical microscopy, we observed dramatic changes in the shape of oil droplets at the membrane/water interface in response to the applied electric potential; this change is associated with a redistribution of charged surfactant molecules at the oil/water interface in response to the external electric field. Specifically, using the membrane as a cathode repels surfactant molecules away from the oil/membrane interface, while anodic conditions lead to increased surfactant concentrations. We speculate that this change in surfactant molecule distribution is responsible for changes in the surface tension of oil droplets at the membrane/water interface, which results in a decrease in oil coalescence and subsequent fouling. The membranes used in this study offer an attractive treatment option when separating emulsified oil from water under high salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Alexander V Dudchenko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Chia Miang Khor
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Xin He
- The College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Guy Z Ramon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa , Israel
| | - David Jassby
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
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