1
|
Guo L, Peng L, Li J, Zhang W, Shi B. Simultaneously efficient adsorption and highly selective separation of U(VI) and Th(IV) by surface-functionalized lignin nanoparticles: A novel pH-dependent process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130123. [PMID: 36270193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous removal and selective separation of U(VI) and Th(IV) via adsorption remain challenging due to their strong mobility, reactivity, and similar chemical properties. Thus, a surface-functioned lignin nanoparticle (AL-PEI) was synthesized to adsorb U(VI)/Th(IV) in a unitary system via a pH-dependent process. In alkaline solution, AL-PEI exhibited excellent adsorption performance, and the maximum adsorption capacities for U(VI) and Th(IV) reached 392 and 396 mg/g, respectively. Discrepantly in acidic solution, the adsorption performance of AL-PEI for U(VI) could still reach a high capacity (332 mg/g), whereas highly limited adsorption capacity (less than 40 mg/g) for Th(IV) was obtained, and the separation factor of U(VI) from U(VI)-Th(IV) matrix significantly reached 6662 in 3 M of the HNO3 medium. The simultaneously efficient adsorption in alkaline solution and highly selective separation performance in acidic solution of AL-PEI also showed excellent anti-ions interference capacities, high reusability, and strong stability. This study is the first to apply lignin fabricating radiation-resistant adsorbent material, and the adsorbent displays good performance for U(VI)/Th(IV) removal and selective separation via a novel pH-dependent process, which is important to the green and sustainable development of nuclear energy and environmental protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Liangqiong Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Jiheng Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
| | - Bi Shi
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tsukada H. Radiocaesium in the environment of Fukushima. Ann ICRP 2021; 50:44-54. [PMID: 34120488 DOI: 10.1177/01466453211006808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been 10 years since the accident at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in 2011. Large quantities of 131I, 134Cs, and 137Cs were released into the environment, and 80% of 137Cs still remains. In addition to the decrease by attenuation, the transfer of 137Cs to plants, animals, and humans is decreasing due to movement and changing fractions with elapsed time. The activity concentration of 137Cs in the atmosphere has decreased drastically, and the internal radiation dose due to inhalation is negligible. The activity concentration of 137Cs in agricultural plants is decreasing due to decontamination of soil, application of potassium, and lower levels in irrigation water. The activity concentration of 137Cs in wild animals is decreasing, and shows seasonal variation in wild boars. The activity concentration of 137Cs in offshore seawater has decreased to 0.01 Bq l-1. Therefore, the radiation dose is <1 mSv of the additional radiation dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Tsukada
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan; e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Takahashi A, Chiba M, Tanahara A, Aida J, Shimizu Y, Suzuki T, Murakami S, Koarai K, Ono T, Oka T, Ikeyama J, Kaneko O, Unno M, Hirose K, Ohno T, Kino Y, Sekine T, Osaka K, Sasaki K, Shinoda H. Radioactivity and radionuclides in deciduous teeth formed before the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10335. [PMID: 33990650 PMCID: PMC8121844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident in March of 2011 released substantial amounts of radionuclides into the environment. We collected 4,957 deciduous teeth formed in children before the Fukushima accident to obtain precise control data for teeth formed after the accident. Radioactivity was measured using imaging plates (IP) and epidemiologically assessed using multivariate regression analysis. Additionally, we measured 90Sr, 137Cs, and natural radionuclides which might be present in teeth. Epidemiological studies of IP showed that the amount of radioactivity in teeth from Fukushima prefecture was similar to that from reference prefectures. We found that artificial radionuclides of 90Sr and 137Cs, which were believed to have originated from past nuclear disasters, and natural radionuclides including 40 K and daughter nuclides in the 238U and 232Th series contributed to the generation of radioactivity in teeth. We also found no evidence to suggest that radionuclides originating from the FNPP accident significantly contaminated pre-existing teeth. This is the first large-scale investigation of radioactivity and radionuclides in teeth. The present findings will be indispensable for future studies of teeth formed after the FNPP accident, which will fall out over the next several years and might be more contaminated with radionuclides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Takahashi
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mirei Chiba
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Tanahara
- Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Nakagami, Okinawa, 903-0129, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yoshinaka Shimizu
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Suzuki
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shinobu Murakami
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuma Koarai
- Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 10-2 Fukasaku, Miharu, Fukushima, 963-7700, Japan
| | - Takumi Ono
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Oka
- Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Joji Ikeyama
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Makoto Unno
- The Fukushima Prefecture Dental Association, 6-6 Chugen-cho, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-8105, Japan
| | - Kimiharu Hirose
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohno
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ohu University, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kino
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sekine
- Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, 41 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8576, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shinoda
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tagami K, Uchida S, Shinano T, Pröhl G. Comparisons of effective half-lives of radiocesium in Japanese tea plants after two nuclear accidents, Chernobyl and Fukushima. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2020; 213:106109. [PMID: 31756642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The time-dependence of 137Cs in new shoots of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) following a137Cs-deposition was analyzed and quantified in terms of effective half-lives. The underlying monitoring studies were performed after the accidents in the Chernobyl and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants for tea plants growing in Japan. The major transfer route for atmospherically deposited radiocaesium to the first new shoots sampled after the accidents were different: for the Fukushima accident, it was mainly translocation of radiocaesium deposited onto old leaves and twigs to the new growth, while direct deposition on the new leaves was the major source after the Chernobyl accident. The effective half-lives in new tea leaves representing the fast and slow components of the decline did not significantly differ between these accidents. Geometric means (ranges) of fast and slow effective half-lives of 137Cs after the Chernobyl accident were 66 d (25-125 d) and 902 d (342-15900 d), respectively, and those after the Fukushima accident were 50 d (26-105 d) and 416 d (222-1540 d), respectively. From these results, 137Cs declines in new tea leaves were similar although contamination conditions were different for these two accidents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Tagami
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Uchida
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takuro Shinano
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|