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Ji X, Chen F, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Huang D, Li J, Lei Y, Chen C, Zhao J. Multiple effects of relative humidity on heterogeneous ozonolysis of cooking organic aerosol proxies from heated peanut oil emissions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:173069. [PMID: 38723974 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
The exposure to cooking organic aerosols (COA) is closely related to people's daily lives. Despite extensive investigations into COA's model compounds like oleic acid, the intricacies of heterogeneous ozonolysis of real COA and the effects of ambient conditions like humidity remain elusive. In this work, the ozonolysis of COA proxies from heated peanut oil emissions was investigated using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFTS) spectroscopy, and proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS). We found that humidity hinders the reaction between ozone and CC double bonds due to the competitive adsorption of water and ozone on COA. Although visible light has little influence on the ozonolysis of COA in the absence of humidity, the ozonolytic CO production is significantly promoted by visible light in the presence of humidity. It may be attributed to the formation of water-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS, mainly HO•) from the photosensitization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in COA. We also found that humidity can enhance the depolymerization of carboxylic acid dimers and hydrolysis of intrinsic acetals in the COA. Moreover, humidity promotes the release of VOCs during both the dark and light ozonolysis of COA. This work reveals the important roles of humidity-responsive and photo-responsive components in COA during its ozonolysis, and the change in VOC release may guide the control of human VOC exposure in indoor air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Ji
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fengxia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Di Huang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jikun Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yu Lei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Chuncheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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Wang Y, Meng J, Huang T, Ma J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Guo Q, Yang J, Hou Z. Contrasting molecular characteristics and formation mechanisms of biogenic and anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols at the summit and foot of Mt. Huang, East China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165116. [PMID: 37364833 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) exerts a considerable influence on atmospheric chemistry. However, little information about the vertical distribution of SOA in the alpine setting is available, which limited the simulation of SOA using chemical transport models. Here, a total of 15 biogenic and anthropogenic SOA tracers were measured in PM2.5 aerosols at both the summit (1840 m a.s.l.) and foot (480 m a.s.l.) of Mt. Huang during the winter of 2020 to explore their vertical distribution and formation mechanism. Most of the determined chemical species (e.g., BSOA and ASOA tracers, carbonaceous components, major inorganic ions) and gaseous pollutants at the foot of Mt. Huang were 1.7-3.2 times higher concentrations than those at the summit, suggesting the relatively more significant effect of anthropogenic emissions at the ground level. The ISORROPIA-II model showed that aerosol acidity increases as altitude decreases. Air mass trajectories, potential source contribution function (PSCF), and correlation analysis of BSOA tracers with temperature revealed that SOA at the foot of Mt. Huang was mostly derived from the local oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), while SOA at the summit was mainly influenced by long-distance transport. The robust correlations of BSOA tracers with anthropogenic pollutants (e.g., NH3, NO2, and SO2) (r = 0.54-0.91, p < 0.05) indicated that anthropogenic emissions could promote BSOA productions in the mountainous background atmosphere. Moreover, most of SOA tracers (r = 0.63-0.96, p < 0.01) and carbonaceous species (r = 0.58-0.81, p < 0.01) were correlated well with levoglucosan in all samples, suggesting that biomass burning played an important role in the mountain troposphere. This work demonstrated that daytime SOA at the summit of Mt. Huang was significantly influenced by the valley breeze in winter. Our results provide new insights into the vertical distributions and provenance of SOA in the free troposphere over East China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Wang
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; Institute of Huanghe Studies, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Tonglin Huang
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jiangkai Ma
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Qingchun Guo
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jiaoxue Yang
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Zhanfang Hou
- School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; Institute of Huanghe Studies, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
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Xie F, Guo L, Wang Z, Tian Y, Yue C, Zhou X, Wang W, Xin J, Lü C. Geochemical characteristics and socioeconomic associations of carbonaceous aerosols in coal-fueled cities with significant seasonal pollution pattern. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 179:108179. [PMID: 37666041 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbonaceous aerosols, comprising organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), are critical component of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), with diverse impacts on air quality and human health. This study investigated the concentrations and seasonal patterns of carbonaceous species in PM2.5 during both the heating season (January 2021) and non-heating season (July 2021) in three coal-fueled cities in northern China, as well as the differences in carbonaceous aerosols and their associations with socioeconomic parameters in cities situated on either side of the "Hu Line" in China. The results showed that, owing to intensified coal combustion and unfavorable meteorological conditions, levels of OC, EC, and OC/EC ratios were higher in winter compared to summer. Moreover, the presence of dust (DU) and light pollution (LP) days resulted in elevated OC levels but decreased EC levels. The Char-EC/Soot-EC ratios were highest during LP, followed by CL and DU. A source apportionment analysis demonstrated that coal burning, vehicle exhaust, road dust, and biomass burning were the primary contributors to carbonaceous aerosols, as confirmed by diagnostic ratios, Char-EC/Soot-EC ratios, and PCA analysis. Furthermore, our study found that carbonaceous aerosols concentrations and source apportionment primarily varied with diurnal and seasonal trends and different pollution types. Additionally, at the national scale, population density and urban green space exhibited a positive correlation with OC/EC ratios (p < 0.05), while energy consumption per unit of GDP showed a negative correlation (p < 0.05). The observation that OC/EC ratios were lower in coal-fueled cities than in economy-based cities suggests a more severe pollution scenario. These findings highlight the importance of comprehending of the seasonal variation and chemical characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol for understanding air pollution sources and characteristics, which is essential for both air quality management and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021 Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Environmental Monitoring Center, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Linhao Guo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021 Hohhot, China
| | - Zichun Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021 Hohhot, China; School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, China
| | - Yongli Tian
- Inner Mongolia Environmental Monitoring Center, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Caiying Yue
- Inner Mongolia Environmental Monitoring Center, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Xingjun Zhou
- Inner Mongolia Environmental Monitoring Center, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021 Hohhot, China; Institute of Environmental Geology, Inner Mongolia University, 010021 Hohhot, China
| | - Jinyuan Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Changwei Lü
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, 010021 Hohhot, China; Institute of Environmental Geology, Inner Mongolia University, 010021 Hohhot, China.
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Azmi S, Sharma M. Global PM 2.5 and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) levels with sectorial contribution to anthropogenic and biogenic SOA formation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139195. [PMID: 37331667 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
This study estimates global PM2.5 and anthropogenic and biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols (a-SOA and b-SOA) and sources contributing to their formation. The global landscape was divided into eleven domains (North America (NAM); South America (SAM); Europe (EUR); North Africa and Middle East (NAF); Equatorial Africa (EAF); South of Africa (SAF); Russia and Central Asia (RUS); Eastern Asia (EAS); South Asia (SAS); Southeast Asia (SEA) and Australia (AUS)) and 46 cities based on varying populations. Three inventories for global emissions were considered: Community Emissions Data System, Model of Emission of Gases and Aerosol, and Global Fire Emissions Database. WRF-Chem model coupled with atmospheric reactions and the secondary organic aerosol model was employed for estimating PM2.5, a-SOA, and b-SOA for 2018. No city attained WHO's annual PM2.5 guideline of 5 μg/m3. Delhi, Dhaka, and Kolkata (63-92 μg/m3) in south Asia were the most polluted, and seven cities (mostly in EUR and NAM) met the WHO target IV (10 μg/m3). The highest SOA levels (2-9 μg/m3) were in the cities of SAS and Africa, but with a low SOA contribution to PM2.5 (3-22%). However, the low levels of SOA (1-3 μg/m3) in EUR and NAM had a higher contribution of SOA to PM2.5 (20-33%). b-SOA were consistent with the region's vegetation and forest cover. The SOA contribution was dominated by residential emissions in all domains (except in the NAF and AUS) (maximum in SAS). The non-coal industry was the second highest contributor (except in EAF, NAF, and AUS) and EUR had the maximum contribution from agriculture and transport. Globally, residential and industry (non-coal and coal) sectors showed the maximum contribution to SOA, with a-SOA and b-SOA being nearly equal. Ridding of biomass and residential burning of solid fuel is the single most action benefiting the PM2.5 and SOA concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahir Azmi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Mukesh Sharma
- Department of Civil Engineering and Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India.
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5
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Wang S, Zhao Y, Chan AWH, Yao M, Chen Z, Abbatt JPD. Organic Peroxides in Aerosol: Key Reactive Intermediates for Multiphase Processes in the Atmosphere. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1635-1679. [PMID: 36630720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic peroxides (POs) are organic molecules with one or more peroxide (-O-O-) functional groups. POs are commonly regarded as chemically labile termination products from gas-phase radical chemistry and therefore serve as temporary reservoirs for oxidative radicals (HOx and ROx) in the atmosphere. Owing to their ubiquity, active gas-particle partitioning behavior, and reactivity, POs are key reactive intermediates in atmospheric multiphase processes determining the life cycle (formation, growth, and aging), climate, and health impacts of aerosol. However, there remain substantial gaps in the origin, molecular diversity, and fate of POs due to their complex nature and dynamic behavior. Here, we summarize the current understanding on atmospheric POs, with a focus on their identification and quantification, state-of-the-art analytical developments, molecular-level formation mechanisms, multiphase chemical transformation pathways, as well as environmental and health impacts. We find that interactions with SO2 and transition metal ions are generally the fast PO transformation pathways in atmospheric liquid water, with lifetimes estimated to be minutes to hours, while hydrolysis is particularly important for α-substituted hydroperoxides. Meanwhile, photolysis and thermolysis are likely minor sinks for POs. These multiphase PO transformation pathways are distinctly different from their gas-phase fates, such as photolysis and reaction with OH radicals, which highlights the need to understand the multiphase partitioning of POs. By summarizing the current advances and remaining challenges for the investigation of POs, we propose future research priorities regarding their origin, fate, and impacts in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai200444, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, China
| | - Arthur W H Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E5, Canada
- School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3E8, Canada
| | - Min Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, China
| | - Zhongming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Jonathan P D Abbatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3H6, Canada
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Xiao W, Sun S, Yan S, Wu W, Sun J. Theoretical study on the formation of Criegee intermediates from ozonolysis of pentenal: An example of trans-2-pentenal. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135142. [PMID: 35636604 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the reaction mechanism and kinetics of ozone with trans-2-pentenal using density functional theory (DFT) and conventional transition state theory (CTST). At 298 K and 1 atm, the gas-phase reaction mechanisms and kinetic parameters were calculated at the level of CCSD(T)/6-311+G(d,p)//M06-2X/6-311+G(d,p). Both CC and CO bond cycloaddition as well as hydrogen abstraction were found. The calculations indicated that the main reaction path is 1,3-dipole cycloaddition reactions of ozone with CC bond with the relatively lower syn-energy-barrier of 3.35 kcal mol-1 to form primary ozonide which decomposed to produce a carbonyl oxide called a Criegee intermediate (CI) and an aldehyde. The subsequent reactions of CIs were analysed in detail. It is found that the reaction pathways of the novelty CIs containing an aldehyde group are extremely similar with general CIs when they react with NO, NO2, SO2, H2O, CH2O and O2. The condensed Fukui function were calculated to identify the active site of the chosen molecules. At 298 K and 1 atm, the reaction rate coefficient was 9.13 × 10-18 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 with atmospheric lifetime of 1.3 days. The calculated rate constant is in general agreement with the available experimental data. The branching ratios indicated that syn-addition pathways are prior to anti-addition. The atmospheric ratios for CIs formation and the bimolecular reaction rate constants for the Criegee intermediates with the variety of partners were calculated. Our theoretical results are of importance in atmospheric chemistry of unsaturated aldehyde oxidation by ozone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China
| | - Simei Sun
- Huangshi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology and Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, PR China
| | - Suding Yan
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, PR China
| | - Wenzhong Wu
- College of Foreign Languages, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China.
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Liu J, Chu B, Jia Y, Cao Q, Zhang H, Chen T, Ma Q, Ma J, Wang Y, Zhang P, He H. Dramatic decrease of secondary organic aerosol formation potential in Beijing: Important contribution from reduction of coal combustion emission. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155045. [PMID: 35398421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation originating from the emission of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) makes a significant contribution to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution in urban areas. Investigation on the SOA formation potential (SOAFP) can help us understand the contribution of different sources to SOA formation. To characterize the SOAFP of ambient air from anthropogenic VOCs in the urban area of Beijing, field observation was implemented using a twin oxidation flow reactor (Twin-OFRs) system in the winters of 2016 and 2017. Compared to the winter of 2016, the seasonal-average SOAFP in the winter of 2017 was found to decrease by about 74% (18.6 to 4.9 μg/m3), which is more than that of PM1 (59%, 48.7 to 20.2 μg/m3), PM2.5 (61%, 114.4 to 44.8 μg/m3) and CO (57%, 2.1 to 0.9 mg/m3) that mainly comes from the combustion of fossil fuels, suggesting complex affecting factors on SOAFP. The results of wind decomposition mathematical modeling showed that anthropogenic factors and favorable meteorological conditions both contributed significantly to the decrease in SOAFP. The reduction of emissions from scatter coal combustion, which is the key VOCs source for SOAFP, is probably the most important anthropogenic factor affecting SOAFP. In the winter of 2016, the ratio of benzene to toluene is 1.45 that was close to 1.54 representing coal combustion emission; however, it decreased dramatically to 1.05 in the winter of 2017, suggesting considerable reduction of VOC emissions from scatter coal combustion in the latter year due to the coal-to-gas transition in Beijing and surrounding regions. The SOAFP measured in this study considers all ambient VOCs that can react with OH radical, providing another representative method for estimating it. These results could be beneficial to understanding the factors driving SOAFP and its contribution to PM2.5, especially in regions with high-intensity anthropogenic emissions. Synopsis: This study reported the sharp decline of secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) between two consecutive winters in Beijing and analyzed the reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Biwu Chu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yongcheng Jia
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qing Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianzeng Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qingxin Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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8
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Xu L, Tsona NT, Du L. Relative Humidity Changes the Role of SO 2 in Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7365-7372. [PMID: 34324359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SO2 influences secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and organosulfates (OSs) formation but mechanisms remain elusive. This study focuses on this topic by investigating biogenic γ-terpinene ozonolysis under various SO2 and relative humidity (RH) conditions. With a constant SO2 concentration (∼110 ppb), the increase in RH transformed SO2 sinks from stabilized Criegee intermediates (sCIs) to peroxides in aerosol particles. The associated changes in particle acidity and liquid water content may collectively first lead to decreased and then increased SOA yield with increasing RH, with the turning point appearing at ∼30% RH. The abundance of most OSs formed under 45% RH was more than 5 times higher than that of OSs formed under 10% RH, possibly due to interactions of dissolved SO2 with hydroperoxides (ROOH) in SOA. ROOHs formed from the autoxidation processes of alkylperoxy radicals were proposed to be precursors for highly oxidized OSs (HOOSs) that decreased SOA volatility and showed a certain abundance in ambient aerosols. This study highlights that high RH potentially enhances the contribution of SO2 to OSs formation, and particularly, HOOSs formation during monoterpene ozonolysis in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Narcisse T Tsona
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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9
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Chen T, Chu B, Ma Q, Zhang P, Liu J, He H. Effect of relative humidity on SOA formation from aromatic hydrocarbons: Implications from the evolution of gas- and particle-phase species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145015. [PMID: 33582345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Relative humidity (RH) plays a significant role in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, but the mechanisms remain uncertain. Using a 30 m3 indoor smog chamber, the influences of RH on SOA formation from two conventional anthropogenic aromatics (toluene and m-xylene) were investigated from the perspective of both the gas- and particle- phases based on the analysis of multi-generation gas-phase products and the chemical composition of SOA, which clearly distinguishes from many previous works mainly focused on the particle-phase. Compared to experiments with RH of 2.0%, SOA yields increased by 11.1%-133.4% and 4.0%-64.5% with higher RH (30.0%-90.0%) for toluene and m-xylene, respectively. The maximum SOA concentration always appeared at 50.0% RH, which is consistent with the change trend of SOA concentration with RH in the summertime field observation. The most plausible reason is that the highest gas-phase OH concentration was observed at 50.0% RH, when the increases in gas-phase OH formation and OH uptake to aerosols and chamber walls with increasing RH reached a balance. The maximum OH concentration was accompanied by a notable decay of second-generation products and formation of third-generation products at 50.0% RH. With further increasing RH, more second-generation products with insufficient oxidation degree will be partitioned into the aerosol phase, and the aqueous-phase oxidation process will also be promoted due to the enhanced uptake of OH. These processes concurrently caused the O/C and oxidation state of carbon (OSc) to first increase and then slightly decrease. This work revealed the complex influence of RH on SOA formation from aromatic VOCs through affecting the OH concentration, partitioning of advanced gas-phase oxidation products as well as aqueous-phase oxidation processes. Quantitative studies to elucidate the role of RH in the partitioning of oxidation products should be conducted to further clarify the mechanism of the influence of RH on SOA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzeng Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Biwu Chu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qingxin Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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10
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Xu L, Yang Z, Tsona NT, Wang X, George C, Du L. Anthropogenic-Biogenic Interactions at Night: Enhanced Formation of Secondary Aerosols and Particulate Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Containing Organics from β-Pinene Oxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:7794-7807. [PMID: 34044541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mixing of anthropogenic gaseous pollutants and biogenic volatile organic compounds impacts the formation of secondary aerosols, but still in an unclear manner. The present study explores secondary aerosol formation via the interactions between β-pinene, O3, NO2, SO2, and NH3 under dark conditions. Results showed that aerosol yield can be largely enhanced by more than 330% by NO2 or SO2 but slightly enhanced by NH3 by 39% when the ratio of inorganic gases to β-pinene ranged from 0 to 1.3. Joint effects of NO2 and SO2 and SO2 and NH3 existed as aerosol yields increased with NO2 but decreased with NH3 when SO2 was kept constant. Infrared spectra showed nitrogen-containing aerosol components derived from NO2 and NH3 and sulfur-containing species derived from SO2. Several particulate organic nitrates (MW 215, 229, 231, 245), organosulfates (MW 250, 264, 280, 282, 284), and nitrooxy organosulfates (MW 295, 311, 325, 327, and 343) were identified using high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry in NO2 and SO2 experiments, and their formation mechanism is discussed. Most of these nitrogen- and sulfur-containing species have been reported in ambient particles. Our results suggest that the complex interactions among β-pinene, O3, NO2, SO2, and NH3 during the night might serve as a potential pathway for the formation of particulate nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organics, especially in polluted regions with both anthropogenic and biogenic influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhaomin Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Narcisse T Tsona
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xinke Wang
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christian George
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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11
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Tang C, Ding K, Liu Y, Yu S, Chen J, Feng X, Zhang C, Chen J. Quantitative relationship between the structures and properties of VOCs and SOA formation on the surfaces of acidic aerosol particles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:12360-12370. [PMID: 34027522 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01428e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, all the efforts, based on a series of molecular dynamics simulations on the interfacial process between VOC-contaminated air and acidic sulfate, were made to find how the structures and properties of VOCs are related to the formation of SOAs. The experimental fractional aerosol coefficients (FACs) were used to quantify the SOA formation and 14 VOC species were chosen based on the atmosphere inventory and the FAC magnitude. Finally, the quantitative relationship (QR) was found through the FAC as a function of the two variables the total valid interactions (Tg) and the diffusion coefficient (D), with R square 0.94. Meanwhile, the effect of water was explored and the QR was proved to be rational and reliable. The QR not only explained the SOA formation capacity of VOCs, but could also predict the SOA formation of new molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxue Tang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Keyi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Basic Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Yaoze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Shengping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Junhui Chen
- Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Feng
- Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chunchun Zhang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Junxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
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12
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Zhang P, Chen T, Liu J, Chu B, Ma Q, Ma J, He H. Impacts of Mixed Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants on Secondary Particle Formation during Ozonolysis of Butyl Vinyl Ether. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:3909-3919. [PMID: 32108486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To clarify how coexisting atmospheric pollutants affect secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, we investigated the effects of mixed gaseous pollutants (CO and SO2) and mixed organic-inorganic (MOI) particles on SOA formation during n-butyl vinyl ether (BVE) ozonolysis. Higher CO levels (90 ppm) were found to significantly change the chemical composition of SOA (prompting monomers while reducing oligomer formation) without causing much change in the overall SOA mass. Based on the positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis, heterogeneous chemical conversions between preformed and newly formed SOA were the major pathways of SOA formation in the presence of MOI particles. Furthermore, MOI particles had an enhancing effect on SOA formation at 1% relative humidity (RH) but a negligible effect at higher RH (10 and 55%). The enhancing effect was attributed to the formation of multifunctional products resulting from high functionalization of preformed and newly formed SOA. The negligible effect observed was ascribed to the cleavage of unstable oligomers as a result of the reversible oligomerization of preformed and newly formed SOA. Even so, MOI particles could still affect the composition of newly formed SOA. These results highlight the need to account for the significant effect of mixed gaseous and particulate pollutants on both SOA constituents and their evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianzeng Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Biwu Chu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingxin Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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