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Sun Z, Li J, Wang X, Xia S, Zhao J. Enhanced heavy metal stabilization and phosphorus retention during the hydrothermal carbonization of swine manure by in-situ formation of MgFe 2O 4. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:96-105. [PMID: 38039939 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization is an efficient technique for the disposal of livestock manure, enabling its harmless treatment, quantity reduction, and resourceful utilization. Co-hydrothermal of modified materials facilitates the production of more valuable carbonaceous materials. However, further exploration is needed to understand their potential impact on the environmental risks associated with livestock manure disposal and the application of products derived from it. Therefore, the carbonization degree, heavy metals stabilization, and phosphorus retention during the hydrothermal treatment of swine manure were systematically investigated in this study under the influence of in-situ formed MgFe2O4. The results revealed that the in-situ formation of MgFe2O4 improved the dehydration and decarboxylation of organic components in swine manure, thereby improving its carbonization degree. Furthermore, both hydrothermal carbonization and MgFe2O4 modified hydrothermal carbonization resulted in an enhanced stabilization of heavy metals, leading to a significant reduction in their soluble/exchangeable fraction and reducible fraction. Phosphorus was predominantly retained in the hydrochars, with the highest retention rate reaching 88%, attributed to the significant decrease in soluble and exchangeable phosphorus fractions facilitated by the in-situ formation of MgFe2O4. Moreover, MgFe2O4 modified hydrochars exhibited remarkable adsorption capacity for Pb(II) and Cu(II) without any leaching of heavy metals. Overall, the findings indicated that the in-situ formation of MgFe2O4 positively influenced the hydrothermal of swine manure, improving certain economic benefits in its practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200050, PR China; YANGTZE Eco Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, PR China
| | - Xuejiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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Ma W, Han R, Zhang W, Zhang H, Chen L, Zhu L. Magnetic biochar enhanced copper immobilization in agricultural lands: Insights from adsorption precipitation and redox. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120058. [PMID: 38219671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Biochar has exceeded expectations for heavy metal immobilization and has been prepared from widely available sources and inexpensive materials. In this research, coconut shell biochar (CSB), bamboo biochar (BC), magnetic coconut shell charcoal (MCSB), and magnetic bamboo biochar (MBC) were manufactured via co-pyrolysis, and their adsorption properties were tested. The pseudo-secondary (R2 = 0.980-0.985) adsorption kinetic fittings for the four biochas were superior to the pseudo-primary kinetics (R2 = 0.969-0.982). Unmodified biochar adsorption isotherms were more consistent with the Freundlich model, while magnetic biochar fitted Langmuir models better. The maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(Ⅱ) reached 371.50 mg g-1. The adsorption mechanisms quantitatively analysis of the biochar indicated that chemical precipitation and ion exchange contributed to the adsorption, in which the magnetic biochar metal-π complexation also enhanced the adsorption. The pot experiment revealed that MCSB (2.0 %DW) significantly enhanced the biomass of lettuce, and facilitated the immobilization of DTPA-Cu (p < 0.05). SEM-EDS, XPS, and FTIR were utilized for morphological characterization and functional group identification, and the increased active adsorption sites (-OH, -COOH, CO, and Fe-O) of MCSB enhanced chemisorption and π-π EDA complexation with Cu(Ⅱ). EEM-PARAFAC and RDA analysis further elucidated that magnetic biochar immobilized copper and reduced biotoxicity (efficiency: 76.12%) by adjusting soil pH, phosphate, and SOM release (negative correlation). The presence of iron oxides (FeOx) promoted in situ adsorption of metallic copper and offered new insights into soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wucheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Rui Han
- CSD Water Service Co., Ltd. Jiangsu Branch, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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Abdugheni R, Li L, Yang ZN, Huang Y, Fang BZ, Shurigin V, Mohamad OAA, Liu YH, Li WJ. Microbial Risks Caused by Livestock Excrement: Current Research Status and Prospects. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1897. [PMID: 37630456 PMCID: PMC10456746 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Livestock excrement is a major pollutant yielded from husbandry and it has been constantly imported into various related environments. Livestock excrement comprises a variety of microorganisms including certain units with health risks and these microorganisms are transferred synchronically during the management and utilization processes of livestock excrement. The livestock excrement microbiome is extensively affecting the microbiome of humans and the relevant environments and it could be altered by related environmental factors as well. The zoonotic microorganisms, extremely zoonotic pathogens, and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are posing threats to human health and environmental safety. In this review, we highlight the main feature of the microbiome of livestock excrement and elucidate the composition and structure of the repertoire of microbes, how these microbes transfer from different spots, and they then affect the microbiomes of related habitants as a whole. Overall, the environmental problems caused by the microbiome of livestock excrement and the potential risks it may cause are summarized from the microbial perspective and the strategies for prediction, prevention, and management are discussed so as to provide a reference for further studies regarding potential microbial risks of livestock excrement microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashidin Abdugheni
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Yang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bao-Zhu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
| | - Vyacheslav Shurigin
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
| | - Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
| | - Yong-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Liu Q, Sheng Y, Wang Z. Co-pyrolysis with pine sawdust reduces the environmental risks of copper and zinc in dredged sediment and improves its adsorption capacity for cadmium. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 334:117502. [PMID: 36796196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Proper treatment of heavy metal-contaminated dredged sediment (DS) is crucial to avoid secondary pollution. Effective and sustainable technologies are desired for the treatment of Zn- and Cu-contaminated DS. Due to the advantages of low energy consumption and time saving, co-pyrolysis technology was innovatively applied to treat Cu- and Zn-polluted DS in this study, and the effects of the co-pyrolysis conditions on Cu and Zn stabilization efficiencies, potential stabilization mechanisms, and the possibility for resource utilization of co-pyrolysis product were also investigated. The results showed that pine sawdust is an appropriate co-pyrolysis biomass for the stabilization of Cu and Zn based on the leaching toxicity analysis. The ecological risks of Cu and Zn in DS were reduced after co-pyrolysis treatment. The total concentrations of Zn and Cu in co-pyrolysis products were decreased by 5.87%-53.45% and 8.61%-57.45% of that in DS before co-pyrolysis. However, the total concentrations of Zn and Cu in DS remained basically unchanged after co-pyrolysis, which indicating the decreases in total concentrations of Zn and Cu in co-pyrolysis products were mainly related to dilution effect. Fraction analysis indicated that co-pyrolysis treatment contributed to transforming weakly bound Cu and Zn into stable fractions. The co-pyrolysis temperature and mass ratio of pine sawdust/DS had a greater influence than co-pyrolysis time on the fraction transformation of Cu and Zn. The leaching toxicity of Zn and Cu from the co-pyrolysis products was eliminated when the co-pyrolysis temperature reached 600 and 800 °C, respectively. Analysis of the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results demonstrated that co-pyrolysis treatment could transform mobile Cu and Zn in DS into metal oxides, metal sulfides, phosphate compounds, etc. Batch adsorption procedures suggested that the co-pyrolysis product possessed a high adsorption capacity for Cd (95.70 mg/g at 318 K). The formation of CdCO3 precipitates and the complexation effects of oxygen-containing functional groups were the principal adsorption mechanisms of the co-pyrolysis product. Overall, this study provides new insights into sustainable disposal and resource utilization for heavy metal-contaminated DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunqun Liu
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yanqing Sheng
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Research Center for Coastal Environment Engineering Technology of Shandong Province, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
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Sui F, Wang M, Cui L, Quan G, Yan J, Li L. Pig manure biochar for contaminated soil management: nutrient release, toxic metal immobilization, and Chinese cabbage cultivation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114928. [PMID: 37094485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pig manure could be an effective fertilizer source for soil, but with high concentrations of xic elements. It has been shown that the pyrolysis method could largely reduce the environmental risk of pig manure. However, the comprehensive analysis of both toxic metals immobilization effect and environmental risk of pig manure biochar applied as a soil amendment is rarely addressed. To address the knowledge gap, this study was carried out with pig manure (PM) and pig manure biochar (PMB). The PM was pyrolyzed at 450 ℃ and 700 ℃, the corresponding biochar was abbreviated as PMB450 and PMB700, respectively. The PM and PMB were applied in a pot experiment growing Chinese cabbage (Brassica rape L. ssp. Pekinensis) with clay-loam paddy soil. The application rates of PM were set at 0.5% (S), 2% (L), 4% (M) and 6% (H). With the equivalent mass principle, PMB450 and PMB700 were applied at 0.23% (S), 0.92% (L), 1.84% (M), 2.76% (H), and 0.192% (S), 0.7% (L), 1.4% (M), 2.1% (H), respectively. Parameters of Chinese cabbage biomass and quality, total and available concentrations of toxic metals in soil, and soil chemical properties were systemically measured. The main results of this study showed that compared with PM, PMB700 was more effective than PMB450, which induced the highest reductions of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd contents in cabbage by 62.6%, 73.0%, 43.9%, and 74.3%, respectively. Both PM and PMB increased the total contents of metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in soil, and PMB decreased the mobility of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd at high application rates (≥2%). Treatment with H-PMB700 reduced CaCl2 extractable Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd by 70.0%, 71.6%, 23.3%, and 15.9%, respectively. For Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd fractions with BCR extraction, PMB treatments, especially PMB700, were more effective than PM in decreasing the available fractions (F1 +F2 +F3) at high application rates (≥2%). Overall, pyrolysis with high temperature (e.g., 700 ℃) could significantly stabilize the toxic elements in PM and enhance PM's effect on toxic metals immobilization. The marked effects of PMB700 on toxic metal immobilization and cabbage quality improvement might be attributed to high ash contents and liming effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Sui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Shanghai Clean Land Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Liqiang Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Guixiang Quan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Jinlong Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No. 211 Jianjun East Road, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Lianqing Li
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
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Formentini TA, Basile-Doelsch I, Legros S, Frierdich AJ, Pinheiro A, Fernandes CVS, Mallmann FJK, Borschneck D, da Veiga M, Doelsch E. Copper (Cu) speciation in organic-waste (OW) amended soil: Instability of OW-borne Cu(I) sulfide and role of clay and iron oxide minerals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157779. [PMID: 35926606 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The geochemistry of copper (Cu) is generally assumed to be controlled by organic matter in soils. However, the role of clay and iron oxide minerals may be understated. Soil density fractionation, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) were combined to assess the long-term behavior of Cu in an agricultural soil subject to organic waste application. Two unprecedented molecular environments of natural Cu (i.e. Cu inherited from the parent rock) in soils are reported: Cu dimer in the interlayer of vermiculite and Cu structurally incorporated within hematite. Moreover, the soil naturally containing Cu-vermiculite, Cu-hematite, but also Cu-kaolinite (Cutotal = 122 mg·kg-1) was amended over 11 years with Cu-rich pig slurry in which Cu was 100 % Cu(I) sulfide. Natural Cu associated with clay and iron oxide minerals persisted in the amended soil, but the exogenous Cu(I) sulfide was unstable. The increase in Cu concentration in the amended soil to 174 mg·kg-1 was accounted for the increase of Cu sorbed to kaolinite and Cu bound to organic matter. These results are important for better understanding the natural occurrence of Cu in soils and for assessing the environmental impacts of organic waste recycling in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago A Formentini
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Isabelle Basile-Doelsch
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Coll France, INRA, CEREGE, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Samuel Legros
- CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398 Montpellier, France; Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrew J Frierdich
- School of Earth, Atmosphere & Environment, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adilson Pinheiro
- Environmental Engineering Program, Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), 89030-000 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristovão V S Fernandes
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Fábio J K Mallmann
- Department of Soils, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Borschneck
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Coll France, INRA, CEREGE, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Doelsch
- CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398 Montpellier, France; Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
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Sun H, Luo L, Wang J, Wang D, Huang R, Ma C, Zhu YG, Liu Z. Speciation Evolution of Phosphorus and Sulfur Derived from Sewage Sludge Biochar in Soil: Ageing Effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6639-6646. [PMID: 35502935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) are usually involved simultaneously in the immobilization of heavy metals in sewage sludge during pyrolysis, and thus their speciation in sewage sludge-derived biochar (SSB) profoundly affects the recycling of the nutrients and the environmental risks of sewage sludge. Here, we investigated the speciation evolution of P and S in SSB induced by ageing processes in soil using X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. Results showed that Ca-bound compounds like hydroxyapatite dominated the P forms, while over 60% of S existed as reduced inorganic sulfides in the SSB. The stable Ca-associated P species in SSB tended to be transformed gradually into relatively soluble species during ageing in soil. The speciation composition of S in SSB remained almost unaffected when aged in pot soils, whereas about 33.6% of reduced sulfides were transformed into oxidized species after 1-year ageing in field soils. SSB significantly increased the proportion of sulfides and the contents of available P and S in the amended soil but showed relatively weak effects on the speciation distribution of P in the soil because of their similar compositions. These findings provide insights into biogeochemistry of nutrients and behaviors of heavy metals in SSB after its application to the soil environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jiaxiao Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Rixiang Huang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Chenyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Synchrotron Radiation, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhengang Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Li C, Xie S, Wang Y, Jiang R, Wang X, Lv N, Pan X, Cai G, Yu G, Wang Y. Multi-functional biochar preparation and heavy metal immobilization by co-pyrolysis of livestock feces and biomass waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 134:241-250. [PMID: 34454190 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biomass waste is a desirable additive in livestock feces biochar preparation due to its easy access, better moisture adjustment, and abundant organic content. In the present study, co-pyrolysis of livestock feces (PM: pig manure, CM: chicken manure) and biomass wastes (WC: wood chips, BS: bamboo sawdust, RH: rice husk, and CH: chaff) with different blending ratios was conducted at 600 °C to investigate the biochar characteristic and Cu/Zn immobilization performances. The results showed that WC and BS have more significant effect on the increase in fixed carbon content and heating value and the decrease in ash content of biochar. The biochar with lower pH and electrical conductivity is obtained from co-pyrolysis of manure with RH and CH. Compared with CM-based biochar, PM-based biochar presented better potential as fuel and soil remediation considering the higher heating value and lower aromatic H/C ratio. Specially, the residual fractions of Cu and Zn in PM biochar increased from 73.09% and 65.54% to 90.68% and 72.31% after 10 wt% BS addition and those in CM biochar increased from 81.07% and 73.57% to 88.87% and 84.11% after 10 wt% WC addition, which induced the lowest environmental risk of biochar. This work provided a strategy and direction for targeted enhancement in biochar characteristics with selective biomass addition during manure pyrolysis, which is beneficial to the local treatment and utilization of farm wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Department of Chemical and Biochemical, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Shengyu Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ruqing Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xingdong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Nan Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaofang Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Guanjing Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Guangwei Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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9
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Wang Q, Zhang C, Jung H, Liu P, Patel D, Pavlostathis SG, Tang Y. Transformation and Mobility of Cu, Zn, and Cr in Sewage Sludge during Anaerobic Digestion with Pre- or Interstage Hydrothermal Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:1615-1625. [PMID: 33461291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) combined with hydrothermal treatment (HT) is an attractive technology for sewage sludge treatment and resource recovery. The fate and distribution of heavy metals in the sludge during combined HT/AD significantly affect the sludge final disposal/utilization options, yet such information is still lacking. This study systematically characterizes the transformation of important heavy metals Cu, Zn, and Cr in sewage sludge during AD with pre- or interstage HT (i.e., HT-AD or AD-HT-AD, respectively). Complementary sequential chemical extraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy were used to characterize the speciation and mobility of metals. For the HT-AD system, both Cu and Zn predominantly occur as sulfides in HT hydrochars. Subsequent AD favors the formation of Cu2S and partial transformation of nano-ZnS to adsorbed and organo-complexed Zn species. HT favors the formation of Cr-bearing silicates in hydrochars, whereas Fe(III)-Cr(III)-hydroxide and Cr(III)-humic complex are the predominant Cr species in AD solids. Similar reaction pathways occur in the AD-HT-AD system with some minor differences in metal species and contents, as the first-stage AD changed the sludge matrix. These findings have important implications for understanding the fate and mobility of heavy metals in sludge-derived hydrochars and AD solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0340, United States
| | - Chiqian Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0512, United States
| | - Haesung Jung
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0340, United States
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0340, United States
| | - Dhara Patel
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0340, United States
| | - Spyros G Pavlostathis
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0512, United States
| | - Yuanzhi Tang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0340, United States
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0512, United States
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