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He Z, Liu X, Li Y, Yang H, Ding Z, Luo Y, Shi G. Unexpected iron corrosion by excess sodium in two-dimensional Na-Cl crystals of abnormal stoichiometries at ambient conditions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:102-107. [PMID: 37295361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
At ambient conditions, we found salt crystals formed from unsaturated solutions on an iron surface; these salt crystals had abnormal stoichiometries (i.e. Na2Cl and Na3Cl), and these abnormal crystals with Cl:Na of 1/2-1/3 could enhance iron corrosion. Interestingly, we found that the ratio of abnormal crystals, Na2Cl or Na3Cl, with ordinary NaCl was relative to the initial NaCl concentration of the solution. Theoretical calculations suggest that this abnormal crystallisation behaviour is attributed to the different adsorption energy curves between Cl--iron and Na+-iron, which not only promotes Na+ and Cl- adsorbing on the metallic surface to crystallise at unsaturated concentration but also induces the formation of abnormal stoichiometries of Na-Cl crystals for different kinetic adsorptionprocess. These abnormal crystals could also be observed on other metallic surfaces, such as copper. Our findings will help elucidate some fundamental physical and chemical views, including metal corrosion, crystallisation and electrochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglin He
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, NO.99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, NO.99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yunzhang Li
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, NO.99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huayan Yang
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, NO.99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhoule Ding
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, NO.99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, NO.99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guosheng Shi
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, NO.99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China.
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