Bioinspired Mesoporous Silica for Cd(II) Removal from Aqueous Solutions

Competitive adsorption mechanisms of Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) on bioinspired mesoporous silica revealed by complementary adsorption/isothermal titration calorimetry studies

This study presents the adsorption properties of a bioinspired grafted mesoporous silica material and the competitive effects between Cd(II) or Cu(II) and Pb(II) during the adsorption process. Glutathione, a natural antioxidant known for its metal binding properties, has been successfully grafted to SBA-15 mesoporous silica and the optimum adsorption parameters were determined. This original and multidisciplinary approach combines classical adsorption studies with thermodynamic investigations to understand the adsorption behavior of Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) on this material. To this end, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) has been used to elucidate the mechanisms of single-metal and two-metal adsorption. The results showed affinity in the order Pb(II) > Cu(II) > Cd(II) in single metal systems. Cd(II) adsorption relied mainly on physical contributions while Cu(II) and Pb(II) adsorption was shown to be chemically driven. Two-metal systems highlighted that Cd(II) and Pb(II) are adsorbed on the same coordination sites, whereas Cu(II) and Pb(II) are adsorbed on different sites. The material showed good selectivity and encouraging results were obtained on real effluents.

Electropolymerization of Polydopamine at Electrode-Supported Insulating Mesoporous Films

Bioinspired, stimuli-responsive, polymer-functionalized mesoporous films are promising platforms for precisely regulating nanopore transport toward applications in water management, iontronics, catalysis, sensing, drug delivery, or energy conversion. Nanopore technologies still require new, facile, and effective nanopore functionalization with multi- and stimuli-responsive polymers to reach these complicated application targets. In recent years, zwitterionic and multifunctional polydopamine (PDA) films deposited on planar surfaces by electropolymerization have helped surfaces respond to various external stimuli such as light, temperature, moisture, and pH. However, PDA has not been used to functionalize nanoporous films, where the PDA-coating could locally regulate the ionic nanopore transport. This study investigates the electropolymerization of homogeneous thin PDA films to functionalize nanopores of mesoporous silica films. We investigate the effect of different mesoporous film structures and the number of electropolymerization cycles on the presence of PDA at mesopores and mesoporous film surfaces. Our spectroscopic, microscopic, and electrochemical analysis reveals that the amount and location (pores and surface) of deposited PDA at mesoporous films is related to the combination of the number of electropolymerization cycles and the mesoporous film thickness and pore size. In view of the application of the proposed PDA-functionalized mesoporous films in areas requiring ion transport control, we studied the ion nanopore transport of the films by cyclic voltammetry. We realized that the amount of PDA in the nanopores helps to limit the overall ionic transport, while the pH-dependent transport mechanism of pristine silica films remains unchanged. It was found that (i) the pH-dependent deprotonation of PDA and silica walls and (ii) the insulation of the indium-tin oxide (ITO) surface by increasing the amount of PDA within the mesoporous silica film affect the ionic nanopore transport.