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Milliken S, Thiessen AN, Cheong IT, O'Connor KM, Li Z, Hooper RW, Robidillo CJT, Veinot JGC. "Turning the dials": controlling synthesis, structure, composition, and surface chemistry to tailor silicon nanoparticle properties. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16379-16404. [PMID: 34492675 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04701a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) can be challenging to prepare with defined size, crystallinity, composition, and surface chemistry. As is the case for any nanomaterial, controlling these parameters is essential if SiNPs are to realize their full potential in areas such as alternative energy generation and storage, sensors, and medical imaging. Numerous teams have explored and established innovative synthesis methods, as well as surface functionalization protocols to control these factors. Furthermore, substantial effort has been expended to understand how the abovementioned parameters influence material properties. In the present review we provide a commentary highlighting the benefits and limitations of available methods for preparing silicon nanoparticles as well as demonstrations of tailoring optical and electronic properties through definition of structure (i.e., crystalline vs. amorphous), composition and surface chemistry. Finally, we highlight potential opportunities for future SiNP studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Milliken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Chemistry, Edmonton, Canada.
| | | | - I Teng Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Chemistry, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Kevin M O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Chemistry, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Ziqi Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Chemistry, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Riley W Hooper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Chemistry, Edmonton, Canada.
| | | | - Jonathan G C Veinot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Chemistry, Edmonton, Canada.
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2
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Engineering of alkyl-terminated silicon nanoparticles for the selective filtration of copper ions. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Hwang J, Lee D, Seo Y, Son J, Jo Y, Lee K, Park C, Choi J. Engineered nanomaterials for their applications in theragnostics. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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4
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Roy D, Majhi K, Mondal MK, Saha SK, Sinha S, Chowdhury P. Silicon Quantum Dot-Based Fluorescent Probe: Synthesis Characterization and Recognition of Thiocyanate in Human Blood. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:7613-7620. [PMID: 30087919 PMCID: PMC6068596 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Allylamine-functionalized silicon quantum dots (ASQDs) of high photostability are synthesized by a robust inverse micelle method to use the material as a fluorescent probe for selective recognition of thiocyanate (a biomarker of a smoker and a nonsmoker). The synthesized ASQDs were characterized by absorption, emission, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Surface morphology is studied by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The synthesized material exhibits desirable fluorescence behavior with a high quantum yield. A selective and accurate (up to 10-10 M) method of sensing of thiocyanate anion is developed based on fluorescence amplification and quenching of ASQDs. The sensing mechanism is investigated and interpreted with a crystal clear mechanistic approach through the modified Stern-Volmer plot. The developed material and the method is applied to recognize the anion in the human blood sample for identification of the degree of smoking. The material deserves high potentiality in the field of bio-medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debiprasad Roy
- Polymer
& Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Integrated Science
Education and Research Centre, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, India
| | - Koushik Majhi
- Polymer
& Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Integrated Science
Education and Research Centre, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, India
| | - Maloy Kr. Mondal
- Polymer
& Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Integrated Science
Education and Research Centre, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, India
| | - Swadhin Kr. Saha
- Polymer
& Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Integrated Science
Education and Research Centre, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, India
| | - Subrata Sinha
- Polymer
& Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Integrated Science
Education and Research Centre, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, India
| | - Pranesh Chowdhury
- Polymer
& Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, and Integrated Science
Education and Research Centre, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, India
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5
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Gao R, Gupta I, Boyden ES. Sonofragmentation of Ultrathin 1D Nanomaterials. PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION : MEASUREMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF PARTICLE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR IN POWDERS AND OTHER DISPERSE SYSTEMS 2017; 34:1600339. [PMID: 28804214 PMCID: PMC5549276 DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.201600339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A simple strategy for making nanoparticles by sonofragmentation of high-aspect-ratio 1D substrates is introduced. With common laboratory equipment, ultra-thin nanowires are fragmented into nanoparticles of size determined by the nanowire width, resulting within hours in monodisperse, crystalline nanoparticles of < 10 nm. This strategy is applicable to a diversity of semiconductor, oxide and metal nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Gao
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Ishan Gupta
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Edward S Boyden
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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6
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Sensitive detection of copper ions via ion-responsive fluorescence quenching of engineered porous silicon nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35565. [PMID: 27752120 PMCID: PMC5067703 DOI: 10.1038/srep35565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has been a problem since the advent of modern transportation, which despite efforts to curb emissions, continues to play a critical role in environmental pollution. Copper ions (Cu2+), in particular, are one of the more prevalent metals that have widespread detrimental ramifications. From this perspective, a simple and inexpensive method of detecting Cu2+ at the micromolar level would be highly desirable. In this study, we use porous silicon nanoparticles (NPs), obtained via anodic etching of Si wafers, as a basis for undecylenic acid (UDA)- or acrylic acid (AA)-mediated hydrosilylation. The resulting alkyl-terminated porous silicon nanoparticles (APS NPs) have enhanced fluorescence stability and intensity, and importantly, exhibit [Cu2+]-dependent quenching of fluorescence. After determining various aqueous sensing conditions for Cu2+, we demonstrate the use of APS NPs in two separate applications – a standard well-based paper kit and a portable layer-by-layer stick kit. Collectively, we demonstrate the potential of APS NPs in sensors for the effective detection of Cu2+.
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7
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Liao B, Wang W, Deng X, He B, Zeng W, Tang Z, Liu Q. A facile one-step synthesis of fluorescent silicon quantum dots and their application for detecting Cu2+. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25563e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent silicon quantum dots were synthesized by a facile one-step synthesis that involved etching silicon powder through a hydrothermal method. Without any surface modification, these silicon quantum dots could be used as a sensor to detect Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan
- China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule
| | - Wu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan
- China
| | - Xiaoting Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan
- China
| | - Benqiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Wennan Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan
- China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule
- Ministry of Education
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan
- China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan
- China
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8
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Bukovsky E, Castro KP, Wyatt BM, Boltalina OV, Strauss SH. Anaerobic vs. aerobic preparation of silicon nanoparticles by stirred media milling. The effects of dioxygen, milling solvent, and milling time on particle size, surface area, crystallinity, surface/near-surface composition, and reactivity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19565b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon nanoparticles milled anaerobically in heptane or mesitylene are smaller and much more reactive than SiNPs milled aerobically in the same solvents for equal attritor milling times.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brent M. Wyatt
- Department of Chemistry
- Colorado State University
- Fort Collins
- USA
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Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals, or quantum dots (QDs), are candidates for biological sensing, photovoltaics, and catalysis due to their unique photophysical properties. The most studied QDs are composed of heavy metals like cadmium and lead. However, this engenders concerns over heavy metal toxicity. To address this issue, numerous studies have explored the development of nontoxic (or more accurately less toxic) quantum dots. In this Review, we select three major classes of nontoxic quantum dots composed of carbon, silicon and Group I-III-VI elements and discuss the myriad of synthetic strategies and surface modification methods to synthesize quantum dots composed of these material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adita Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St. Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Preston T Snee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St. Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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Dasog M, Kehrle J, Rieger B, Veinot JGC. Silicon Nanocrystals and Silicon-Polymer Hybrids: Synthesis, Surface Engineering, and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:2322-39. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mita Dasog
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; 1200 East California Boulevard Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Julian Kehrle
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Jonathan G. C. Veinot
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
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Dasog M, Kehrle J, Rieger B, Veinot JGC. Silicium-Nanokristalle und Silicium-Polymer-Hybridmaterialien: Synthese, Oberflächenmodifikation und Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mita Dasog
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; 1200 East California Boulevard Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Julian Kehrle
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Jonathan G. C. Veinot
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Kanada
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