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Zhou Q, Zhao Y, Shi Y, Zheng R, Guo L. Acidic Metal-Based Functional Ionic Liquids Catalyze the Synthesis of Bio-Based PEF Polyester. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:103. [PMID: 38201768 PMCID: PMC10780836 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Utilizing triethylenediamine (DA), 1,3-propanesultone (PS), whose ring opens during the formation of the dizwiterion-intermediate DA-2PS, and the metal chlorides XCly, where X = Sn(IV), Zn(II),Al(III), Fe(III) and Mn(II), are used for the synthesis of five kinds of acidic metal-based functionalized ionic liquid catalysts ([DA-2PS][XCly]2). Their chemical structures, thermal stability and dual acidic active site were analyzed. We investigated the performance of [DA-2PS][XCly]2 in catalyzing the esterification reaction between 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and ethylene glycol (EG) to synthesize poly (ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)(PEF). Among the catalysts tested, [DA-2PS][SnCl5]2 exhibited the best catalytic performance under identical process parameters, and the optimal catalyst dosage was determined to be 0.05 mol% based on FDCA. The optimal conditions for the reaction were predicted using response surface methodology: a feed ratio of EG:FDCA = 1.96:1, an esterification temperature of 219.86 °C, a polycondensation temperature of 240.04 °C and a polycondensation time of 6.3 h, with a intrinsic viscosity of 0.67 dL·g-1. The resulting PEF was experimentally verified to exhibit an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 dL·g-1 and a number average molecular weight of 28,820 g·mol-1. Finally, the structure and thermal properties of PEF were characterized. The results confirmed that PEF possessed the correct structure, exhibited high thermal stability and demonstrated excellent thermal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Liying Guo
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (Q.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (R.Z.)
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Wang C, Chen M, Jiang Z, Qiu Z. Synthesis, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Fully Biobased Poly (hexamethylene succinate- co-2,5-furandicarboxylate) Copolyesters. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020427. [PMID: 36679305 PMCID: PMC9866186 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (hexamethylene succinate) (PHS) is a biobased and biodegradable polyester. In this research, two fully biobased high-molecular-weight poly (hexamethylene succinate-co-2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PHSF) copolyesters with low hexamethylene furandicarboxylate (HF) unit contents (about 5 and 10 mol%) were successfully synthesized through a two-step transesterification/esterification and polycondensation method. The basic thermal behavior, crystal structure, isothermal crystallization kinetics, melting behavior, thermal stability, and tensile mechanical property of PHSF copolyesters were studied in detail and compared with those of PHS. PHSF showed a decrease in the melt crystallization temperature, melting temperature, and equilibrium melting temperature while showing a slight increase in the glass transition temperature and thermal decomposition temperature. PHSF copolyesters displayed the same crystal structure as PHS. Compared with PHS, PHSF copolyesters showed the improved mechanical property. The presence of about 10 mol% of HF unit increased the tensile strength from 12.9 ± 0.9 MPa for PHS to 39.2 ± 0.8 MPa; meanwhile, the elongation at break also increased from 498.5 ± 4.78% to 1757.6 ± 6.1%.
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Chen M, Jiang Z, Qiu Z. Synthesis, thermal, and mechanical properties of fully biobased Poly(hexamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-diglycolate) copolyesters. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Synthesis, Thermal Behavior, and Mechanical Properties of Fully Biobased Poly(Hexamethylene 2,5-Furandicarboxylate- Co-Sebacate) Copolyesters. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010085. [PMID: 36616435 PMCID: PMC9823706 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, three fully biobased poly(hexamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-sebacate) (PHFSe) copolyesters with low contents of hexamethylene sebacate (HSe) unit (10 mol%, 20 mol%, and 30 mol%) were successfully synthesized through a two-step transesterification/esterification and polycondensation method. The chemical structure and actual composition of PHFSe copolyesters were confirmed by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance. The thermal behavior and mechanical property of PHFSe copolyesters were investigated and compared with those of the poly(hexamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PHF) homopolymer. Both PHFSe copolyesters and PHF showed the high thermal stability. The basic thermal parameters, including glass transition temperature, melting temperature, and equilibrium melting temperature, gradually decreased with increasing the HSe unit content. PHFSe copolyesters crystallized more slowly than PHF under both the nonisothermal and isothermal melt crystallization conditions; however, they crystallized through the same crystallization mechanism and crystal structure. In addition, the mechanical property, especially the elongation at break of PHFSe copolyesters, was obviously improved when the HSe unit content was greater than 10 mol%. In brief, the thermal and mechanical properties of PHF may be easily tuned by changing the HSe unit content to meet various practical end-use requirements.
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Mao HI, Yang ZY, Chen CW, Rwei SP. Bio-based poly(hexamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate- co-2,6-naphthalate) copolyesters: a study of thermal, mechanical, and gas-barrier properties. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:7631-7641. [PMID: 36168773 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00689h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of poly(hexamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-2,6-naphthalate) copolyesters were synthesized using various amounts of poly(hexylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PHF) and poly(hexylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PHN) via melt polymerization. The effects of introducing 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid (NDCA) on the thermal, mechanical, and gas-barrier properties were investigated. When the NDCA content was less than 30 mol%, the temperatures of crystallization (Tc) and melting (Tm) decreased as the amount of NDCA was increased owing to disturbance of the polymer-chain regularity. When the NDCA content was above 50 mol%, the Tc and Tm of the materials increased as the NDCA content was increased, showing that the dominant crystallization behavior varied from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid to NDCA. Hence, the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased as the NDCA content was increased, which was attributed to the incorporation of NDCA with a more rigid naphthalate structure compared with the furan ring. The gas-barrier properties of the samples were observed to improve with the introduction of NDCA; this tendency could be explained by the β-relaxation behavior and free volume values of the samples in the amorphous state. The activation energy (Ea) of β-relaxation increased with the NDCA content, indicating that higher amounts of energy were needed to trigger the onset of long-range molecular motions. Free-volume calculations of the polymer structure showed that the introduction of NDCA hindered the space for gas penetration. For these reasons, the gas-barrier properties were improved and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-I Mao
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Research and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Zhi-Yu Yang
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Research and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Wen Chen
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Research and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Syang-Peng Rwei
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Research and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
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Meng H, Li Z, Wu L, Li B, Hu Y, Wang K. Synthesis and properties of poly(ethylene‐co‐diethylene glycol 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at ZJU, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Zhisong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at ZJU, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Linbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at ZJU, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Bo‐Geng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at ZJU, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yumiao Hu
- ZJU‐Hengyi Global Innovation Research Center Hengyi Petrochemical Co. Ltd Hangzhou China
| | - Kecheng Wang
- ZJU‐Hengyi Global Innovation Research Center Hengyi Petrochemical Co. Ltd Hangzhou China
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Xie H, Meng H, Wu L, Li BG, Dubois P. Aliphatic polycarbonate modified poly(ethylene furandicarboxylate) materials with improved ductility, toughness and high CO2 barrier performance. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Fredi G, Karimi Jafari M, Dorigato A, Bikiaris DN, Pegoretti A. Improving the Thermomechanical Properties of Poly(lactic acid) via Reduced Graphene Oxide and Bioderived Poly(decamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate). MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041316. [PMID: 35207860 PMCID: PMC8877404 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Polylactide (PLA) is the most widely used biopolymer, but its poor ductility and scarce gas barrier properties limit its applications in the packaging field. In this work, for the first time, the properties of PLA solvent-cast films are improved by the addition of a second biopolymer, i.e., poly(decamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PDeF), added in a weight fraction of 10 wt%, and a carbon-based nanofiller, i.e., reduced graphene oxide (rGO), added in concentrations of 0.25–2 phr. PLA and PDeF are immiscible, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, with PDeF spheroidal domains showing poor adhesion to PLA. The addition of 0.25 phr of rGO, which preferentially segregates in the PDeF domains, makes them smaller and considerably rougher and improves the interfacial interaction. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirms the immiscibility of the two polymer phases and highlights that rGO enhances the crystallinity of both polymer phases (especially of PDeF). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) highlights the positive impact of rGO and PDeF on the thermal degradation resistance of PLA. Quasi-static tensile tests evidence that adding 10 wt% of PDeF and a small fraction of rGO (0.25 phr) to PLA considerably enhances the strain at break, which raises from 5.3% of neat PLA to 10.0% by adding 10 wt% of PDeF, up to 75.8% by adding also 0.25 phr of rGO, thereby highlighting the compatibilizing role of rGO on this blend. On the other hand, a further increase in rGO concentration decreases the strain at break due to agglomeration but enhances the mechanical stiffness and strength up to an rGO concentration of 1 phr. Overall, these results highlight the positive and synergistic contribution of PDeF and rGO in enhancing the thermomechanical properties of PLA, and the resulting nanocomposites are promising for packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fredi
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0461-283-944
| | - Mahdi Karimi Jafari
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Dorigato
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Alessandro Pegoretti
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (A.P.)
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Wang R, Zhang H, Jiang M, Wang Z, Zhou G. Dynamics-Driven Controlled Polymerization to Synthesize Fully Renewable Poly(ester–ether)s. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Houyu Zhang
- JiLin University, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangyuan Zhou
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
- Jiangsu Sino-Tech Polymerization New Materials Industry Technology Research Institute, 6 Qingyang Road, Changzhou 213125, Jiangsu, China
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Pandey S, Dumont MJ, Orsat V, Rodrigue D. Biobased 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and its emerging copolyesters’ properties for packaging applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Wang G, Song J. Synthesis and characterization of bio‐based polyesters derived from 1,10‐decanediol. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Wang
- College of Material Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- College of Material Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun China
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Zhang Q, Song M, Xu Y, Wang W, Wang Z, Zhang L. Bio-based polyesters: Recent progress and future prospects. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Synthesis and Characterizations of Biobased Copolymer Poly(ethylene-co-butylene 2,5-Furandicarboxylate). INT J POLYM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9104546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Homopolymers and copolymers derived from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid have been extensively studied for their potential in the development of sustainable plastics. This research definitely spotlighted the synthesis of poly(ethylene-co-butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) copolymer via the two-step melting polycondensation with various ethylene glycol/1,4-butanediol molar ratios. The structural characterization of the obtained biobased copolymer was carried out by ATR-FTIR and 1H NMR. The average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer was determined by the intrinsic viscosity measurements. It was found that ethylene glycol was preferentially incorporated into the copolymer structures when the molecular weight of the products was not high enough (>18000). The decomposition of two types of monomer units of the obtained copolymer was proven through the degradation two-step process by TGA measurements.
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Fredi G, Karimi Jafari M, Dorigato A, Bikiaris DN, Checchetto R, Favaro M, Brusa RS, Pegoretti A. Multifunctionality of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Bioderived Polylactide/Poly(Dodecylene Furanoate) Nanocomposite Films. Molecules 2021; 26:2938. [PMID: 34063331 PMCID: PMC8155896 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports on the first attempt to prepare bioderived polymer films by blending polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(dodecylene furanoate) (PDoF). This blend, containing 10 wt% PDoF, was filled with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in variable weight fractions (from 0.25 to 2 phr), and the resulting nanocomposites were characterized to assess their microstructural, thermal, mechanical, optical, electrical, and gas barrier properties. The PLA/PDoF blend resulted as immiscible, and the addition of rGO, which preferentially segregated in the PDoF phase, resulted in smaller (from 2.6 to 1.6 µm) and more irregularly shaped PDoF domains and in a higher PLA/PDoF interfacial interaction, which suggests the role of rGO as a blend compatibilizer. rGO also increased PLA crystallinity, and this phenomenon was more pronounced when PDoF was also present, thus evidencing a synergism between PDoF and rGO in accelerating the crystallization kinetics of PLA. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) showed that the glass transition of PDoF, observed at approx. 5 °C, shifted to a higher temperature upon rGO addition. The addition of 10 wt% PDoF in PLA increased the strain at break from 5.3% to 13.0% (+145%), and the addition of 0.25 phr of rGO increased the tensile strength from 35.6 MPa to 40.2 MPa (+13%), without significantly modifying the strain at break. Moreover, rGO decreased the electrical resistivity of the films, and the relatively high percolation threshold (between 1 and 2 phr) was probably linked to the low aspect ratio of rGO nanosheets and their preferential distribution inside PDoF domains. PDoF and rGO also modified the optical transparency of PLA, resulting in a continuous decrease in transmittance in the visible/NIR range. Finally, rGO strongly modified the gas barrier properties, with a remarkable decrease in diffusivity and permeability to gases such as O2, N2, and CO2. Overall, the presented results highlighted the positive and sometimes synergistic role of PDoF and rGO in tuning the thermomechanical and functional properties of PLA, with simultaneous enhancement of ductility, crystallization kinetics, and gas barrier performance, and these novel polymer nanocomposites could thus be promising for packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fredi
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Mahdi Karimi Jafari
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Dorigato
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Riccardo Checchetto
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy; (R.C.); (R.S.B.)
| | - Matteo Favaro
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
- Trento Institute of Fundamental Physics and Applications, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Roberto Sennen Brusa
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy; (R.C.); (R.S.B.)
| | - Alessandro Pegoretti
- Department of Industrial Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.K.J.); (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
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Chen S, Zou R, Li L, Shang J, Lin S, Lan J. Preparation of biobased poly(propylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) fibers: Mechanical, thermal and hydrolytic degradation properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Chen
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Rui Zou
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Linhua Li
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Jiaojiao Shang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Shaojian Lin
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Jianwu Lan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China
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Fredi G, Rigotti D, Bikiaris DN, Dorigato A. Tuning thermo-mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) films through blending with bioderived poly(alkylene furanoate)s with different alkyl chain length for sustainable packaging. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Paszkiewicz S, Irska I, Zubkiewicz A, Szymczyk A, Piesowicz E, Rozwadowski Z, Goracy K. Biobased Thermoplastic Elastomers: Structure-Property Relationship of Poly(hexamethylene 2,5-furanodicarboxylate)-Block-Poly(tetrahydrofuran) Copolymers Prepared by Melt Polycondensation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:397. [PMID: 33513765 PMCID: PMC7865897 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of poly(hexamethylene 2,5-furanodicarboxylate)-block-poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PHF-b-F-pTHF) copolymers were synthesized using a two-stage procedure, employing transesterification and polycondensation. The content of pTHF flexible segments varied from 25 to 75 wt.%. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were applied to confirm the molecular structure of the materials. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical measurements (DMTA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) allowed characterizing the supramolecular structure of the synthesized copolymers. SEM analysis was applied to show the differences in the block copolymers' morphologies concerning their chemical structure. The influence of the number of flexible segments in the copolymers on the phase transition temperatures, thermal properties, as well as the thermo-oxidative and thermal stability was analyzed. TGA analysis, along with tensile tests (static and cyclic), confirmed the utilitarian performance of the synthesized bio-based materials. It was found that an increase in the amount of pTHF caused the increase of both number-average and weight-average molecular weights and intrinsic viscosities, and at the same time causing the shift of the values of phase transition temperatures toward lower ones. Besides, PHF-b-F-pTHF containing 75 wt.% of F-pTHF units was proved to be a promising thermoplastic shape memory polymer (SMP) with a switching temperature of 20 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Paszkiewicz
- Department of Materials Technologies, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland; (I.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Izabela Irska
- Department of Materials Technologies, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland; (I.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Agata Zubkiewicz
- Department of Technical Physics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 48, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (A.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Szymczyk
- Department of Technical Physics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 48, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland; (A.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Piesowicz
- Department of Materials Technologies, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland; (I.I.); (E.P.)
| | - Zbigniew Rozwadowski
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Goracy
- Department of Polymers and Biomaterials Science, Nanotechnology Center for Research and Education, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Al. Piastów 45, 71-311 Szczecin, Poland;
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Yang Y, Tian AP, Fang YJ, Wang JG, Zhu J. Improvement in Toughness of Poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) by Melt Blending with Bio-based Polyamide11 in the Presence of a Reactive Compatibilizer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2449-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Little A, Pellis A, Comerford JW, Naranjo-Valles E, Hafezi N, Mascal M, Farmer TJ. Effects of Methyl Branching on the Properties and Performance of Furandioate-Adipate Copolyesters of Bio-Based Secondary Diols. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2020; 8:14471-14483. [PMID: 33014637 PMCID: PMC7525809 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c04513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Furandioate-adipate copolyesters are an emerging class of bio-based biodegradable polymers with great potential to replace fossil-derived terephthalic acid-based copolyesters such as poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT). Furandioate-adipate polyesters have almost exclusively been prepared with conventional primary (1°) alcohol diols, while secondary (2°) alcohol diol monomers have largely been overlooked until now, despite preliminary observations that using methyl-branched diols increases the T g of the resultant polyesters. Little is known of what impact the use of 2° alcohol diols has on other properties such as material strength, hydrophobicity, and rate of enzymatic hydrolysis-all key parameters for performance and end-of-life. To ascertain the effects of using 2° diols on the properties of furandioate-adipate copolyesters, a series of polymers from diethyl adipate (DEA) and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid diethyl ester (FDEE) using different 1° and 2° alcohol diols was prepared. Longer transesterification times and greater excesses of diol (diol/diester molar ratio of 2:1) were found to be necessary to achieve M ws > 20 kDa using 2° alcohol diols. All copolyesters from 2° diols were entirely amorphous and exhibited higher T gs than their linear equivalents from 1° diols. Compared to linear poly(1,4-butyleneadipate-co-1,4-butylenefurandioate), methyl-branched, poly(2,5-hexamethyleneadipate-co-2,5-hexamethylenefurandioate) (0:7:0.3 furandioate/adipate ratio) displayed both higher modulus (67.8 vs 19.1 MPa) and higher extension at break (89.7 vs 44.5 mm). All other methyl-branched copolyesters displayed lower modulus but retained higher extension at break compared with their linear analogues. Enzymatic hydrolysis studies using Humicola insolens cutinase revealed that copolyesters from 2° alcohol diols have significantly decreased rates of biodegradation than their linear equivalents synthesized using 1° alcohol diols, allowing for fine-tuning of polymer stability. Hydrophobicity, as revealed by water contact angles, was also found to generally increase through the introduction of methyl branching, demonstrating potential for these materials in coatings applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Little
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Alessandro Pellis
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz Straβe 20, Tulln an der Donau 3430, Austria
| | - James W Comerford
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Edwin Naranjo-Valles
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Nema Hafezi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Mark Mascal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Thomas J Farmer
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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Xie H, Wu L, Li BG, Dubois P. Modification of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) with aliphatic polycarbonate diols: 1. Randomnized copolymers with significantly improved ductility and high CO2 barrier performance. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Zhang H, Zhou G, Jiang M, Zhang H, Wang H, Wu Y, Wang R. Bio-Based Polyesters with High Glass-Transition Temperatures and Gas Barrier Properties Derived from Renewable Rigid Tricyclic Diacid or Tetracyclic Anhydride. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangyuan Zhou
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Houyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Honghua Wang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuanpeng Wu
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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23
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Tuning the Properties of Furandicarboxylic Acid-Based Polyesters with Copolymerization: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061209. [PMID: 32466455 PMCID: PMC7361963 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyesters based on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) are a new class of biobased polymers with enormous interest, both from a scientific and industrial perspective. The commercialization of these polymers is imminent as the pressure for a sustainable economy grows, and extensive worldwide research currently takes place on developing cost-competitive, renewable plastics. The most prevalent method for imparting these polymers with new properties is copolymerization, as many studies have been published over the last few years. This present review aims to summarize the trends in the synthesis of FDCA-based copolymers and to investigate the effectiveness of this approach in transforming them to a more versatile class of materials that could potentially be appropriate for a number of high-end and conventional applications.
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24
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Zhang Q, Jiang M, Wang G, Zhou G. Novel biobased high toughness PBAT/PEF blends: morphology, thermal properties, crystal structures and mechanical properties. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04861h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of PBAT/PEF blends with 1–50 wt% PEF content displayed typical sea-island morphology structure and had excellent toughness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Jilin Jianzhu University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Guangyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Changchun 130022
- China
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25
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In-situ synthesis, thermal and mechanical properties of biobased poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)/montmorillonite (PEF/MMT) nanocomposites. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Kasmi N, Ainali NM, Agapiou E, Papadopoulos L, Papageorgiou GZ, Bikiaris DN. Novel high Tg fully biobased poly(hexamethylene-co-isosorbide-2,5-furan dicarboxylate) copolyesters: Synergistic effect of isosorbide insertion on thermal performance enhancement. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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27
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Wang X, Wang Q, Liu S, Wang G. Synthesis and characterization of poly(isosorbide-co-butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) copolyesters. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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28
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Terzopoulou Z, Tarani E, Kasmi N, Papadopoulos L, Chrissafis K, Papageorgiou DG, Papageorgiou GZ, Bikiaris DN. Thermal Decomposition Kinetics and Mechanism of In-Situ Prepared Bio-based Poly(propylene 2,5-furan dicarboxylate)/Graphene Nanocomposites. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091717. [PMID: 31052603 PMCID: PMC6539069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-based polyesters are a new class of materials that are expected to replace their fossil-based homologues in the near future. In this work, poly(propylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PPF) nanocomposites with graphene nanoplatelets were prepared via the in-situ melt polycondensation method. The chemical structure of the resulting polymers was confirmed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Thermal stability, decomposition kinetics and the decomposition mechanism of the PPF nanocomposites were studied in detail. According to thermogravimetric analysis results, graphene nanoplatelets did nοt affect the thermal stability of PPF at levels of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 wt.%, but caused a slight increase in the activation energy values. Pyrolysis combined with gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy revealed that the decomposition mechanism of the polymer was not altered by the presence of graphene nanoplatelets but the extent of secondary homolytic degradation reactions was increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Terzopoulou
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Evangelia Tarani
- Solid State Physics Department, School of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Nejib Kasmi
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Lazaros Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Chrissafis
- Solid State Physics Department, School of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios G Papageorgiou
- School of Materials and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - George Z Papageorgiou
- Chemistry Department, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios N Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Zhang C, Wang H, Zeng W, Zhou Q. High Biobased Carbon Content Polyurethane Dispersions Synthesized from Fatty Acid-Based Isocyanate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- National Center for Education and Research on Corrosion and Materials Performance, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, 264 Wolf Ledges Parkway, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Haoran Wang
- National Center for Education and Research on Corrosion and Materials Performance, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, 264 Wolf Ledges Parkway, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Weixiu Zeng
- National Center for Education and Research on Corrosion and Materials Performance, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, 264 Wolf Ledges Parkway, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Qixin Zhou
- National Center for Education and Research on Corrosion and Materials Performance, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, 264 Wolf Ledges Parkway, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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30
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Kasmi N, Wahbi M, Papadopoulos L, Terzopoulou Z, Guigo N, Sbirrazzuoli N, Papageorgiou GZ, Bikiaris DN. Synthesis and characterization of two new biobased poly(pentylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-caprolactone) and poly(hexamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-caprolactone) copolyesters with enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis properties. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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31
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Xie H, Wu L, Li BG, Dubois P. Modification of Poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) with Biobased 1,5-Pentanediol: Significantly Toughened Copolyesters Retaining High Tensile Strength and O 2 Barrier Property. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:353-364. [PMID: 30433770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF) is a biobased polyester characterized by high gas barrier properties as well as high tensile modulus and strength, but poor toughness. Toughening PEF without sacrificing its modulus, strength and gas barrier performance is a great challenge for PEF modification. In this study, high molecular weight random poly(ethylene- co-1,5-pentylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)s (PEPeFs) were synthesized via melt copolycondensation of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), ethylene glycol (EG) and 1,5-pentanediol (PeDO), a cheap, biobased and commercially available odd-carbon comonomer. The synthesized PEPeFs were characterized and assessed with intrinsic viscosity, ATR-FTIR, 1H NMR, DSC, TGA and tensile, impact and O2 permeation test. Mayo-Lewis equation with "reactivity ratio" of 3.78 for PeDO and 0.75 for EG could be used as an empirical equation to correlate the copolyester composition (ϕPeF) with monomer composition. PEPeFs proved nearly amorphous copolyesters having excellent thermal stability. Brittle-ductile transition was achieved at ϕPeF as low as 9 mol %. Increasing ϕPeF led to increase in elongation at break and notch impact strength and decrease in Tg, O2 barrier performance and tensile modulus and strength. However, in comparison with PEF, PEF-rich PEPeFs (ϕPeF 9-47%) not only showed greatly improved elongation at break (29-265% vs 4%) and enhanced impact strength (2.2-3.9 kJ/m2) but also retained very high Young's modulus (2.8-3.3 vs 3.3 GPa) and yielding strength (72-83 vs 82 MPa). Particularly, when compared with bottle-grade PET, PE82Pe18F possesses equal Tg (ca. 75 °C) and comparable elongation at break (ca. 115%), but greatly improved yielding strength (83 MPa) and O2 gas barrier property (4.8 times). As modified PEF materials possessing superior thermo-mechanical and O2 gas barrier properties, these integrally biobased copolyesters may find practical applications in eco-packaging and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhou Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at ZJU, Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Linbo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at ZJU, Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Bo-Geng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at ZJU, Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM), Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons , Mons 7000 , Belgium
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