1
|
Theulier CA, Bajo S, López-Serrano J, Campos J. Tuning the Inorganic Core of a reduced Ni 2Ge 2 Cluster. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400049. [PMID: 38349770 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Tetranuclear cores (M-E)2 of transition metals (M) and tetrylenes (EII=Si, Ge, Sn) are key motifs in homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. They exhibit a continuum of M-M and E-E bonding within the inorganic core that leads to a variety of structures for which there are no specific synthetic methods. Herein, we report a series of highly reduced [Ni0GeII]2 squares solely stabilized by bulky terphenyl (C6H3-2,6-Ar2) ligands, for which we provide complementary and high-yielding syntheses. Reactivity studies with common Lewis bases (carbene and CO) evince that the structure of the (M-E)2 core can be transformed. We have investigated this core modification by computational means, offering a rationale to better understand the continuum of bonding across these clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril A Theulier
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Sonia Bajo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Horrer G, Luff MS, Radius U. N-Heterocyclic carbene and cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene ligated half-sandwich complexes of chromium(II) and chromium(I). Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13244-13257. [PMID: 37667868 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02123h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a series of Cr(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) complexes of the type [{Cr(NHC)Cl(μ-Cl)}2] and [(Cyp)Cr(NHC)X] (Cyp = η5-C5H5, cyclopentadienyl; η5-C5Me5, pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; X = Cl, η3-C3H5; NHC = IMeMe, IiPrMe, IMes, IDipp) as well as the cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene cAACMe ligated complexes [(η5-C5H5)Cr(cAACMe)X] (X = Cl, NPh2), [(η5-C9H7)Cr(cAACMe)Cl] (C9H7 = Ind, indenyl) and [(η5-C13H9)Cr(cAACMe)Cl] (C13H9 = Fl, fluorenyl) are reported. The reduction of [(η5-C5Me5)Cr(IMeMe)Cl] with KC8 in the presence of CO afforded the NHC ligated Cr(I) metallo-radical [(η5-C5Me5)Cr(IMeMe)(CO)2]. Quantum chemical calculations performed on [(η5-C5Me5)Cr(IMeMe)(CO)2] confirm for this complex a predominantly chromium centered radical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Günther Horrer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Martin S Luff
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Akhtar R, Kaulage SH, Sangole MP, Tothadi S, Parvathy P, Parameswaran P, Singh K, Khan S. First-Row Transition Metal Complexes of a Phosphine-Silylene-Based Hybrid Ligand. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13330-13341. [PMID: 35969438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared two new silylene-phosphine-based hybrid ligands Si{N(R)C6H4(PPh2)}{PhC(NtBu)2} [R = TMS {trimethylsilyl} (1) and TBDMS {tert-butyldimethylsilyl} (2)], which possess two donor sites. Furthermore, the treatment of the bidentate ligand 1 with base metal halides {FeBr2, CoBr2, NiCl2·dme [nickel chloride(II) ethylene glycol dimethyl ether]} and 2 with NiBr2·dme [nickel bromide(II) ethylene glycol dimethyl ether] afforded four-coordinate six-membered metal complexes 3-6, respectively, which feature coordination from both Si(II) and P(III) sites. Subsequently, complexes 3 [(FeBr2)Si{N(SiMe3)C6H4(PPh2)}{PhC(NtBu)2}], 4 [(CoBr2)Si{N(SiMe3)C6H4(PPh2)}{PhC(NtBu)2}], 5 [(NiCl2)Si{N(SiMe3)C6H4(PPh2)}{PhC(NtBu)2}], and 6 [(NiBr2)Si{N(SitBuMe2)C6H4(PPh2)}{PhC(NtBu)2}] are studied for their redox and magnetic properties with the help of UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, SQUID magnetometry, and theoretical calculations. Complexes 3-6 were found to display a paramagnetic behavior. All the compounds are well established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruksana Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sandeep H Kaulage
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Mayur P Sangole
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srinu Tothadi
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijub Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Parameswaran Parvathy
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala 673601, India
| | - Pattiyil Parameswaran
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala 673601, India
| | - Kirandeep Singh
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shabana Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Synthesis and reactivity of the complexes [(dpp-bian)SiCl2] and [(dpp-bian)Si{FeCp(CO)}2(μ-CO)] (dpp-bian is 1,2-bis[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene). Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3587-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
5
|
Kaufmann S, Köppe R, Roesky PW. A square planar silylene nickel four-membered ring. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14105-14109. [PMID: 34607336 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02846d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein the new nickel silylene [PhC(NtBu)2SiNi(C5Me5)]2, which features a square planar central ring motif consisting of two silicon and two nickel atoms is presented. The title compound was obtained by an insertion of the Ni(0) precursor [Ni(cod)2] (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) in the Si-C bond of the silylene [PhC(NtBu)2Si(C5Me5)]. Analytic characterisation including mass spectrometry as well as IR and Raman spectroscopies was combined with quantum chemical calculations to get an insight on the bonding situation within the four-membered Si-Ni-ring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kaufmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Ralf Köppe
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ghosh M, Tothadi S, Khan S. Carbazole Substituted Amidinato Silylene: Synthesis, Bonding, and Coordination Behavior with Coinage Metals. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moushakhi Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pa-shan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Srinu Tothadi
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Shabana Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pa-shan, Pune 411008, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Krämer F, Luff MS, Radius U, Weigend F, Breher F. NON‐Ligated
N
‐Heterocyclic Tetrylenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Krämer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Martin S. Luff
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Philipps-Universität Marburg Department of Chemistry Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chibde P, Raut RK, Kumar V, Deb R, Gonnade R, Majumdar M. Intramolecularly Double-Donor-Stabilized Stannylene and Its Coordination towards Ag(I) and Au(I) Centers. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2118-2125. [PMID: 34137196 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The intramolecularly double-donor-stabilized stannylene 1 has been synthesized from the salt-metathesis reaction between two equivalents of lithium pyridine ene-amide L1 and SnCl2 . Compound 1 exhibits dipolar behavior when reacted with B(C6 F5 )3 leading to the zwitterionic compound 2. The reaction of 1 with one equivalent and 0.5 equivalent of AgOTf (OTf=trifluoromethane sulfonate) result in the formation of a stannylene-AgOTf complex 3 and a homoleptic distannylene-silver ionic complex 4, respectively. Analogous to complex 4, the gold(I) complex 5 has been synthesized from the reaction between two equivalents of 1 and 0.5 equivalent of AuCl.SMe2 /Me3 SiOTf. Complex 5 is the first example of homoleptic stannylene-Au(I) ionic complex among the very scarce reports on stannylene-gold(I) coordination complexes. All compounds have been structurally characterized using single crystal X-ray crystallography. Solution-state characterization have been performed using multinuclear NMR techniques. Detailed DFT calculations on the optimized geometries 1 o, 3 o-5 o reveal the change in sp- hybridization on the pyramidal Sn(II) center upon metal coordination and their bonding overlaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Purva Chibde
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ravindra K Raut
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Deb
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajesh Gonnade
- Centre for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Moumita Majumdar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang W, Dong Y, Sun H, Li X. Progress in the preparation and characterization of silylene iron, cobalt and nickel complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6766-6772. [PMID: 33960329 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00523e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of Fe, Co and Ni complexes supported by silylene ligands in the past ten years are summarized. Due to the decrease of the electron cloud density on the Si atom after coordination, the downfield shift of the 29Si chemical shift is accompanied by the coordination between the free silylene ligand and metal. The strong electron-donating ability of silylene makes the metal center more electron-rich, which is conducive to the oxidative addition reaction in the metal center. In some cases, the coordination ability of silylene is stronger than those of phosphine and carbene ligands. Therefore, silylene transition metal complexes have better catalytic activity. The further challenges in this field are to develop new polydentate silylene ligands, synthesize chelate silylene-phosphine and silylene-carbene ligands, and design new silylene transition metal complexes for more catalytic research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Yanhong Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Hongjian Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, Jinan 250100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Krahfuss MJ, Radius U. N-Heterocyclic silylenes as ambiphilic activators and ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6752-6765. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00617g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments of the use of N-heterocyclic silylenes (NHSis), higher homologues of Arduengo-carbenes, as ambiphilic activators and ligands are highlighted and a comparison of NHSi ligands with NHC and phosphine ligands is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam J. Krahfuss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Krahfuss MJ, Radius U. N
‐Heterocyclic Silylene Main Group Element Chemistry: Adduct Formation, Insertion into E−X Bonds and Cyclization of Organoazides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam J. Krahfuss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|