1
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Gani TZH, Berkson ZJ, Zhu R, Kang JH, Di Iorio JR, Chan KW, Consoli DF, Shaikh SK, Copéret C, Román-Leshkov Y. Promoting active site renewal in heterogeneous olefin metathesis catalysts. Nature 2023; 617:524-528. [PMID: 37198312 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05897-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As an atom-efficient strategy for the large-scale interconversion of olefins, heterogeneously catalysed olefin metathesis sees commercial applications in the petrochemical, polymer and speciality chemical industries1. Notably, the thermoneutral and highly selective cross-metathesis of ethylene and 2-butenes1 offers an appealing route for the on-purpose production of propylene to address the C3 shortfall caused by using shale gas as a feedstock in steam crackers2,3. However, key mechanistic details have remained ambiguous for decades, hindering process development and adversely affecting economic viability4 relative to other propylene production technologies2,5. Here, from rigorous kinetic measurements and spectroscopic studies of propylene metathesis over model and industrial WOx/SiO2 catalysts, we identify a hitherto unknown dynamic site renewal and decay cycle, mediated by proton transfers involving proximal Brønsted acidic OH groups, which operates concurrently with the classical Chauvin cycle. We show how this cycle can be manipulated using small quantities of promoter olefins to drastically increase steady-state propylene metathesis rates by up to 30-fold at 250 °C with negligible promoter consumption. The increase in activity and considerable reduction of operating temperature requirements were also observed on MoOx/SiO2 catalysts, showing that this strategy is possibly applicable to other reactions and can address major roadblocks associated with industrial metathesis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Z H Gani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zachariah J Berkson
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ran Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jong Hun Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John R Di Iorio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F Consoli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sohel K Shaikh
- Research & Development Center, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA.
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2
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Ionic liquid/high-density polyethylene composite supported molybdenum complex: a powerful, highly stable and easy recoverable catalyst. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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3
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Chen H, Gao P, Liu Z, Liang L, Han Q, Wang Z, Chen K, Zhao Z, Guo M, Liu X, Han X, Bao X, Hou G. Direct Detection of Reactive Gallium-Hydride Species on the Ga 2O 3 Surface via Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17365-17375. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhengmao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lixin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kuizhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Meiling Guo
- Energy Innovation Laboratory, BP (China) Dalian Office, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xuebin Liu
- Energy Innovation Laboratory, BP (China) Dalian Office, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiuwen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xinhe Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangjin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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4
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Chernyak SA, Corda M, Dath JP, Ordomsky VV, Khodakov AY. Light olefin synthesis from a diversity of renewable and fossil feedstocks: state-of the-art and outlook. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7994-8044. [PMID: 36043509 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01036k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Light olefins are important feedstocks and platform molecules for the chemical industry. Their synthesis has been a research priority in both academia and industry. There are many different approaches to the synthesis of these compounds, which differ by the choice of raw materials, catalysts and reaction conditions. The goals of this review are to highlight the most recent trends in light olefin synthesis and to perform a comparative analysis of different synthetic routes using several quantitative characteristics: selectivity, productivity, severity of operating conditions, stability, technological maturity and sustainability. Traditionally, on an industrial scale, the cracking of oil fractions has been used to produce light olefins. Methanol-to-olefins, alkane direct or oxidative dehydrogenation technologies have great potential in the short term and have already reached scientific and technological maturities. Major progress should be made in the field of methanol-mediated CO and CO2 direct hydrogenation to light olefins. The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to light olefins is a very attractive process in the long run due to the low reaction temperature and possible use of sustainable electricity. The application of modern concepts such as electricity-driven process intensification, looping, CO2 management and nanoscale catalyst design should lead in the near future to more environmentally friendly, energy efficient and selective large-scale technologies for light olefin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Chernyak
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, France.
| | - Massimo Corda
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Dath
- Direction Recherche & Développement, TotalEnergies SE, TotalEnergies One Tech Belgium, Zone Industrielle Feluy C, B-7181 Seneffe, Belgium
| | - Vitaly V Ordomsky
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, France.
| | - Andrei Y Khodakov
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, France.
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5
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Xu Y, LiBretto NJ, Zhang G, Miller JT, Greeley J. First-Principles Analysis of Ethylene Oligomerization on Single-Site Ga 3+ Catalysts Supported on Amorphous Silica. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Xu
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nicole J. LiBretto
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116024, P.R. China
| | - Jeffrey T. Miller
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeffrey Greeley
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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6
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Praveen CS, Comas-Vives A. Activity Trends in the Propane Dehydrogenation Reaction Catalyzed by MIII Sites on an Amorphous SiO2 Model: A Theoretical Perspective. Top Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOne class of particularly active catalysts for the Propane Dehydrogenation (PDH) reaction are well-defined M(III) sites on amorphous SiO2. In the present work, we focus on evaluating the catalytic trends of the PDH for four M(III) single-sites (Cr, Mo, Ga and In) on a realistic amorphous model of SiO2 using density functional theory-based calculations and the energetic span model. We considered a catalytic pathway spanned by three reaction steps taking place on selected MIII–O pair of the SiO2 model: σ-bond metathesis of propane on a MIII–O bond to form M-propyl and O–H group, a β-H transfer step forming M–H and propene, and the H–H coupling step producing H2 and regenerating the initial M–O bond. With the application of the energetic span model, we found that the calculated catalytic activity for Ga and Cr is comparable to the ones reported at the experimental level, enabling us to benchmark the model and the methodology used. Furthermore, results suggest that both In(III) and Mo(III) on SiO2 are potential active catalysts for PDH, provided they can be synthesized and are stable under PDH reaction conditions.
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7
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Payard PA, Rochlitz L, Searles K, Foppa L, Leuthold B, Safonova OV, Comas-Vives A, Copéret C. Dynamics and Site Isolation: Keys to High Propane Dehydrogenation Performance of Silica-Supported PtGa Nanoparticles. JACS AU 2021; 1:1445-1458. [PMID: 34604854 PMCID: PMC8479774 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonoxidative dehydrogenation of light alkanes has seen a renewed interest in recent years. While PtGa systems appear among the most efficient catalyst for this reaction and are now implemented in production plants, the origin of the high catalytic performance in terms of activity, selectivity, and stability in PtGa-based catalysts is largely unknown. Here we use molecular modeling at the DFT level on three different models: (i) periodic surfaces, (ii) clusters using static calculations, and (iii) realistic size silica-supported nanoparticles (1 nm) using molecular dynamics and metadynamics. The combination of the models with experimental data (XAS, TEM) allowed the refinement of the structure of silica-supported PtGa nanoparticles synthesized via surface organometallic chemistry and provided a structure-activity relationship at the molecular level. Using this approach, the key interaction between Pt and Ga was evidenced and analyzed: the presence of Ga increases (i) the interaction between the oxide surface and the nanoparticles, which reduces sintering, (ii) the Pt site isolation, and (iii) the mobility of surface atoms which promotes the high activity, selectivity, and stability of this catalyst. Considering the complete system for modeling that includes the silica support as well as the dynamics of the PtGa nanoparticle is essential to understand the catalytic performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.-A. Payard
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L. Rochlitz
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K. Searles
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L. Foppa
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - B. Leuthold
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - A. Comas-Vives
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C. Copéret
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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Rochlitz L, Searles K, Nater DF, Docherty SR, Gioffrè D, Copéret C. A Molecular Analogue of the C−H Activation Intermediate of the Silica‐Supported Ga(III) Single‐Site Propane Dehydrogenation Catalyst: Structure and XANES Signature. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Rochlitz
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Keith Searles
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Darryl F. Nater
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Scott R. Docherty
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Domenico Gioffrè
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
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9
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Patel P, Wells RH, Kaphan DM, Delferro M, Skodje RT, Liu C. Computational Investigation of the Role of Active Site Heterogeneity for a Supported Organovanadium(III) Hydrogenation Catalyst. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prajay Patel
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439-4801, United States
| | - Robert H. Wells
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - David M. Kaphan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439-4801, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439-4801, United States
| | - Rex T. Skodje
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Cong Liu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439-4801, United States
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10
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Docherty SR, Rochlitz L, Payard PA, Copéret C. Heterogeneous alkane dehydrogenation catalysts investigated via a surface organometallic chemistry approach. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5806-5822. [PMID: 33972978 PMCID: PMC8111541 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01424a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The selective conversion of light alkanes (C2–C6 saturated hydrocarbons) to the corresponding alkene is an appealing strategy for the petrochemical industry in view of the availability of these feedstocks, in particular with the emergence of Shale gas. Here, we present a review of model dehydrogenation catalysts of light alkanes prepared via surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC). A specific focus of this review is the use of molecular strategies for the deconvolution of complex heterogeneous materials that are proficient in enabling dehydrogenation reactions. The challenges associated with the proposed reactions are highlighted, as well as overriding themes that can be ascertained from the systematic study of these challenging reactions using model SOMC catalysts. Alkane dehydrogenation over heterogeneous catalysts has attracted renewed attention in recent years. Here, well-defined catalysts based on isolated metal sites and supported Pt-alloys prepared via SOMC are discussed and compared to classical systems.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Docherty
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences - ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog 2, CH8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Lukas Rochlitz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences - ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog 2, CH8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Pierre-Adrien Payard
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences - ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog 2, CH8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences - ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog 2, CH8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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11
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Olefin oligomerization by main group Ga 3+ and Zn 2+ single site catalysts on SiO 2. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2322. [PMID: 33875664 PMCID: PMC8055657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22512-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In heterogeneous catalysis, olefin oligomerization is typically performed on immobilized transition metal ions, such as Ni2+ and Cr3+. Here we report that silica-supported, single site catalysts containing immobilized, main group Zn2+ and Ga3+ ion sites catalyze ethylene and propylene oligomerization to an equilibrium distribution of linear olefins with rates similar to that of Ni2+. The molecular weight distribution of products formed on Zn2+ is similar to Ni2+, while Ga3+ forms higher molecular weight olefins. In situ spectroscopic and computational studies suggest that oligomerization unexpectedly occurs by the Cossee-Arlman mechanism via metal hydride and metal alkyl intermediates formed during olefin insertion and β-hydride elimination elementary steps. Initiation of the catalytic cycle is proposed to occur by heterolytic C-H dissociation of ethylene, which occurs at about 250 °C where oligomerization is catalytically relevant. This work illuminates new chemistry for main group metal catalysts with potential for development of new oligomerization processes.
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