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Dou D, Shi Q, Li H, Zhang B, Yang D, Wang Y. Rational Combination of π-Conjugated and Non-π-Conjugated Groups Achieving Strong Nonlinear Optical Response, Large Optical Anisotropy, and UV Light-Switchable Fluorescence. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401325. [PMID: 38477442 PMCID: PMC11109661 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Combining π-conjugated and non-π-conjugated groups is an important strategy for synthesizing new nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals. However, the second harmonic generation (SHG) response and optical anisotropy can be limited by improper spatial alignment of these functional groups in the crystal structure. In this work, it is revealed that non-π-conjugated [NH2SO3] group acts as both hydrogen bond donor and acceptor, effectively regulating the 2D planar structure formed by π-conjugated [C4N3H6] groups. The resulting organic-inorganic hybrid crystal C4N3H6SO3NH2 exhibits a strong SHG response (2.5 × KDP), large optical anisotropy (0.233@546 nm), and blue-violet and green fluorescence near 360 and 520 nm, respectively. This work expands the methodology for creating new NLO crystals through organic-inorganic hybridization, while also showcasing the potential of C4N3H6SO3NH2 as a multifunctional optical material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Dou
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Synthetic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Qi Shi
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Synthetic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Huimin Li
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Synthetic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Synthetic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
- Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Daqing Yang
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Synthetic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Ying Wang
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Synthetic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
- Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
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Lv MH, Li SF, Ren MM, Wang JX, Tang RL, Chen J, Huang H, Zhang B, Yan D. [C(NH 2) 3] 6Mo 7O 24: A Guanidinium Molybdate as a UV Nonlinear Optical Crystal with Large Birefringence. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3948-3954. [PMID: 38350031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The key to searching novel nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals was effectively combining the NLO-active units to obtain a noncentrosymmetric structure. Nevertheless, the present predicament lies in the growing challenge of discovering novel crystals within conventional inorganic frameworks that surpass the properties of the current NLO materials. In view of this, researchers expanded their research focus to the organic-inorganic hybridization system; it is foreseeable to concentrate the advantages from several kinds of NLO-active units to acquire novel NLO crystals with superior properties. We herein report an organic-inorganic hybrid molybdate crystal, namely, [C(NH2)3]6Mo7O24 (GMO). It was successfully obtained via combining inorganic NLO-active MoO6 octahedra and organic π-conjugated [C(NH2)3]+ groups. GMO demonstrates a moderate second-harmonic-generation response, specifically measuring about 1.3 times the value of KDP. Additionally, it exhibits a significant birefringence value of 0.203 at the wavelength of 550 nm and possesses a wide band gap of 3.31 eV. Theoretical calculations suggest that the optical properties of the GMO are primarily influenced by the synergy effect of [C(NH2)3]+ groups between MoO6 octahedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Han Lv
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Meng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Ru-Ling Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hongbo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
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Bai Z, Lee J, Kim H, Hu CL, Ok KM. Unveiling the Superior Optical Properties of Novel Melamine-Based Nonlinear Optical Material with Strong Second-Harmonic Generation and Giant Optical Anisotropy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2301756. [PMID: 36970809 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two melamine-based metal halides, (C3 N6 H7 )(C3 N6 H6 )HgCl3 (I) and (C3 N6 H7 )3 HgCl5 (II), are synthesized by incorporating the heavy d10 cation, Hg2+ , and the halide anion, Cl- . The noncentrosymmetric structure of I results from two unique attributes: large asymmetric secondary building units produced by direct covalent coordination of melamine to Hg2+ and a small dihedral angle between melamine molecules. The former makes inorganic modules locally acentric, while the latter prevents planar organic groups from forming deleterious antiparallel arrangement. The unique coordination in I results in an enlarged band gap of 4.40 eV. Due to the large polarizability of the heavy Hg2+ cation and the π-conjugated system of melamine, I exhibits a strong second-harmonic generation efficiency of 5 × KH2 PO4 , larger than any reported melamine-based nonlinear optical materials to date. Density functional theory calculations indicate that I possesses giant optical anisotropy, with a birefringence of 0.246@1064 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
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Li SF, Hu L, Tang RL, Ma Y, Mao FF, Zheng J, Zhang XD, Yan D. KC 9H 5O 6(H 2O): A Promising UV Nonlinear-Optical Material with Large Birefringence Based on a π-Conjugated (C 9H 5O 6) - Group. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14880-14886. [PMID: 36054831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to meet the growing needs for the laser technology and optics industries, the goal is to find suitable fundamental building blocks with large nonlinear-optical (NLO) coefficients and birefringence for an excellent-performance NLO or birefringent system. Via preliminary investigations and calculations, it has been found that the planar π-conjugated group (C9H5O6)- possesses large polarizability anisotropy (δ) and hyperpolarizability (βmax), comparable to well-known groups such as (B3O6)3-, (C3N3O3)3-, etc. Herein, we report a new alkali-metal 3,5-dicarboxybenzoate, KC9H5O6(H2O) (KH2BTC), which crystallized in the acentric space group Pna21. Second-harmonic-generation (SHG) measurements of KH2BTC under 1064 nm laser radiation show that the SHG response of KH2BTC is 1.2 times that of KDP with type I phase-matching behavior. Birefringence measurements show that KH2BTC owns a large birefringence of about 0.372 at 550 nm. The band gap of KH2BTC obtained by ultraviolet (UV) diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy is 3.91 eV, indicating that KH2BTC has potential applications as UV NLO or birefringent materials. Theoretical calculation further confirmed that the impressive optical properties of KH2BTC are derived from the large polarizability anisotropy of the (C9H5O6)- anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Liang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Ru-Ling Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Yao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Fei-Fei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China.,College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xiu-Du Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
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Yan D, Ma Y, Tang RL, Hu L, Mao FF, Zheng J, Zhang XD, Li SF. C(NH2)3Rb(I3O8)(IO3)(I2O6H2): An unprecedented organic–inorganic hybrid polyiodate with two different polyiodate groups. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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