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Yang S, Lu K, Xiao H. Advancements in boron difluoride formazanate dyes for biological imaging. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 81:102473. [PMID: 38986292 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
In the past decade, boron difluoride formazanate dyes have gained considerable attention due to their redox activity, high absorption and emission intensities, chemical stability across a broad range of conditions, and the ease to fine-tune their optical and electronic characteristics. Over the past five years, boron difluoride formazanate dyes have demonstrated their extended emission wavelengths in the near-infrared region, suggesting their potential applications in the field of biological imaging. This review provides an overview of the evolution of boron difluoride formazanate dyes, encompassing the structural variations and corresponding optical properties, while also highlighting their current applications in biological imaging fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Kang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA; SynthX Center, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Department of Biosciences, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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Seikh L, Sutradhar S, Dhara S, Bera SK, Panda S, Paine TK, Lahiri GK. Sequential Oxygenation of Bis(β-diketiminate) on a Selective Diruthenium Platform. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10312-10323. [PMID: 38776455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This article demonstrated the redox-noninnocent phenylene-linked bis(β-diketiminate) (L2-)-bridged first example of isomeric diruthenium(III)-acac species (acac = acetylacetonate) and its ability to activate dioxygen. The coordination of deprotonated L2- to the {Ru(acac)2} in bis(bidentate) mode led to isomeric {(acac)2RuIII}2(μ-L2-) (S = 1, 1-trans/1-cis, green). 1 displayed Ru(III)-based anisotropic EPR in CH3CN but without the resolution of the forbidden (ΔMs = 2) g1/2 signal at 77 K. 1-cis, however, slowly transformed to the energetically favored 1-trans form. 1 underwent two-step oxygenation at the Cβ sites of L2- to form the β-diketiminate/α-ketodiimine (L'-)-bridged mixed valent (acac)2RuIII(μ-L'-)RuII(acac)2 (2, S = 1/2, pink) followed by bis(α-ketodiimine) (L″)-bridged isovalent (acac)2RuII(μ-L″)RuII(acac)2 (3, S = 0, red). The role of O2 toward 1 → 2/3 was corroborated by 18O2 labeling experiment. Redox steps of 1-3 varied as a function of isomeric identity, bridge, and metal oxidation state. The calculated MOs and Mulliken spin densities attributed to the noninnocence of L2-, L'-, and L″ in the respective complexes. Spectrophotometric monitoring of 1 → 2 revealed pseudo-first-order rate constants (105k s-1) of 1.8 (303 K), 3.5 (313 K), 7.7 (323 K), and 17.0 (333 K) and ΔH⧧/ΔS⧧/ΔG⧧ of 14.3 kcal mol-1/-33.1 cal mol-1 K-1/24.2 kcal mol-1 (298 K), respectively. Moreover, characterization of the short-lived blue intermediate obtained during the conversion of 1 → 2/3 upon exposure to O2 supported its valence tautomeric form (VT1, RuIII-L2--RuIII ↔ RuIII-L•--RuII, S = 1), which in effect facilitated oxygen activation at the ligand backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liton Seikh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Subhankar Sutradhar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Sciences (IACS), Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sudip Kumar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Tapan Kanti Paine
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Sciences (IACS), Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Singh A, Singh B, Dey S, Indra A, Lahiri GK. Ruthenium Azobis(benzothiazole): Electronic Structure and Impact of Substituents on the Electrocatalytic Single-Site Water Oxidation Process. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2769-2783. [PMID: 36719385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present article deals with the structurally and spectroelectrochemically characterized newer class of ruthenium-azoheteroarenes [RuII(Ph-trpy)(Cl)(L)]ClO4, [1]ClO4-[3]ClO4 (Ph-trpy: 4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine; L1: 2,2'-azobis(benzothiazole) ([1]ClO4); L2: 2,2'-azobis(6-methylbenzothiazole) ([2]ClO4); L3: 2,2'-azobis(6-chlorobenzothiazole) ([3]ClO4)). A collective consideration of experimental (i.e., structural and spectroelectrochemical) and theoretical (DFT calculations) results of [1]ClO4-[3]ClO4 established selective stabilization of (i) the unperturbed azo (N═N)0 function of L, (ii) the exclusive presence of the isomeric form involving the N(azo) donor of L trans to Cl, and (iii) the presence of extended, hydrogen-bonded trimeric units in the asymmetric unit of [2]ClO4 (CH---O) via the involvement of ClO4- anions. The detailed electrochemical studies revealed metal-based oxidation of [RuII(Ph-trpy)(Cl)(L)]+ (1+-3+) to [RuIII(Ph-trpy)(Cl)(L)]2+ (12+-32+); however, the electronic form of the first reduced state (1-3) could be better represented by its mixed RuII(Ph-trpy)(Cl)(L•-)/RuIII(Ph-trpy)(Cl)(L2-) state. Both native (1+-3+) and reduced (1-3) states exhibited weak lower energy transitions within the range of 1000-1200 nm. Further, [1]ClO4-[3]ClO4 delivered an electrochemical OER (oxygen evolution reaction) process in alkaline medium on immobilizing them to a carbon cloth support, which divulged an amplified water oxidation feature for [2]ClO4 due to the presence of electron-donating methyl groups in the L2 backbone. The faster OER kinetics and high catalytic stability of [2]ClO4 could also be rationalized by its lowest Tafel slope (85 mV dec-1) and choronoamperometric experiment (stable up to 12 h), respectively, along with high Faradic efficiency (∼97%). A comparison of [2]ClO4 with the reported analogous ruthenium complexes furnished its excellent intrinsic water oxidation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Baghendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Sanchaita Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Arindam Indra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Khan FF, Bera SK, Dey S, Lahiri GK. Redox activity as a tool for bond activations and functionalizations. INORGANIC CHEMISTRY IN INDIA 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adioch.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Protasenko NA, Baranov EV, Yakushev IA, Bogomyakov AS, Cherkasov VK. Cobalt(III) Bis-o-semiquinone Complexes with p-Tolyl-Substituted Formazan Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Properties. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328422700129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Singh K, Kundu A, Adhikari D. Ligand-Based Redox: Catalytic Applications and Mechanistic Aspects. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Abhishek Kundu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
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Arya Y, Bera SK, Priego JL, Jiménez-Aparicio R, Lahiri GK. Bidirectional noninnocence of hinge-like deprotonated bis-lawsone on selective ruthenium platform: a function of varying ancillary ligands. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10441-10456. [PMID: 35762823 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01466a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to obtain discrete heavier metal complexes of unperturbed deprotonated bis-lawsone (hinge-like H2L = 2,2'-bis(3-hydroxy-1,4-napthoquinone). This is primarily due to its limited examples with lighter metal ions (Co, Zn, and Ga) and the fact that our earlier approach with the osmium ion facilitated its functionalisation. Herein, we demonstrated the successful synthesis and structural characterisation of L2--derived diruthenium [(bpy)2RuII(μ-L2-)RuII(bpy)2](ClO4)2 [1](ClO4)2 (S = 0), (acac)2RuIII(μ-L2-)RuIII(acac)22 (S = 1) and monoruthenium (pap)2Ru(L2-) 3 (S = 0) derivatives (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, acac = acetylacetonate, and pap = 2-phenylazopyridine). The crystal structures established that (i) O,O-/O,O- donating five-membered bis-bidentate and O-,O- donating seven-membered bidentate chelating modes of deprotonated L2- in rac (ΔΔ/ΛΛ) diastereomeric [1](ClO4)2, 2 and 3, respectively. (ii) The L2- bridging unit in [1](ClO4)2, 2 and 3 underwent twisting its two naphthoquinone rings with respect to the ring connecting C-C bond by 73.01°, 62.15° and 59.12°, respectively. (iii) Intermolecular π-π interactions (∼3.5 Å) between the neighbouring molecules. The paramagnetic complex 2 (S = 1) with two non-interacting Ru(III) (S = 1/2) ions exhibited weak antiferromagnetic coupling only at very low temperatures. In agreement with the magnetic results, 2 displayed typical RuIII-based anisotropic EPR in CH3CN (<g>/Δg: 2.314/0.564) but without any forbidden g1/2 signal at 120 K. The complexes exhibited multiple redox processes in CH3CN in the experimental potential window of ± 2.0 V versus SCE. The analysis of the redox steps via a combined experimental and theoretical (DFT/TD-DFT) approach revealed the involvement of L2- to varying extents in both the oxidative and reductive processes as a consequence of its bidirectional redox non-innocent feature. The mixing of the frontier orbitals of the metal ion and L2- due to their closeness in energy indeed led to the resonating electronic form in certain redox states instead of any precise electronic structural state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Arya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Sudip Kumar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - José Luis Priego
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Reyes Jiménez-Aparicio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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Jin D, Sun X, Hinz A, Roesky PW. Rare-earth metal complexes with redox-active formazanate ligands. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5218-5226. [PMID: 35275153 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterisation of rare-earth metal complexes with redox-active formazanate ligands are described. Deprotonation of the neutral formazan ligand L1H (L1 = PhNNC(Ph)NNPh) with [Ln{N(SiMe3)2}3] (Ln = Y, Sm, Dy) resulted in homoleptic tris(formazanate) complexes with the general formula [(L1)3Ln] (Ln = Y (1), Sm (2), Dy (3)), in which the central metal atom is coordinated by six N atoms, revealing a propeller-type structure. To generate heteroleptic complexes, a novel formazan ligand L2H (L2 = {PhNNC(4-tBuPh)NNPh}) was employed. Salt metathesis by using the trivalent precursors [SmCp*2(μ-Cl)2K(thf)] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) or [LnCp2Cl]2 (Cp = η5-C5H5, Ln = Dy, Yb) and [L2K(thf)] formed mono(formazanate) complexes, [L2SmCp*2] (4) and [L2LnCp2] (Ln = Dy (5), Yb (6)), respectively. Unexpectedly, a redox reaction occurred between [L2K(thf)] and the divalent ytterbium precursor, [YbI2(thf)2], generating the trivalent ytterbium complex [(L2)3Yb] (7). When the neutral formazan ligand (L2H) reacted with [SmCp*2(thf)2], the oxidised samarium complex 4 was formed. These novel compounds were fully characterised and their electrochemical properties were explored by cyclic voltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Jin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Alexander Hinz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Protasenko NA, Arsenyev MV, Baranov EV, Starikova AA, Bogomyakov AS, Cherkasov VK. Heteroligand o‐Semiquinonato Cobalt Complexes of 3‐Cyano and 3‐Nitroformazans. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Alexeevna Protasenko
- Institut metalloorganičeskoj himii imeni G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk: FGBUN Institut metalloorganiceskoj himii im G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk Laboratory of metal complexes with redox-active ligands Tropinina, 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Maxim V Arsenyev
- Institut metalloorganičeskoj himii imeni G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk: FGBUN Institut metalloorganiceskoj himii im G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk Photopolymerization and pollymeric materialc laboratory RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Evgeny V Baranov
- Institut metalloorganičeskoj himii imeni G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk: FGBUN Institut metalloorganiceskoj himii im G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk X-ray Diffraction Research Sector RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Alyona A Starikova
- Southern Federal University: Uznyj federal'nyj universitet Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry 194/2 Stachka Avenue 344090 Rostov-on-Don RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Artem S Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS: Mezdunarodnyj tomograficeskij centr SO RAN Laboratory Organic Paramagnetics and Magnetochemistry Institutskaya Street 3a 630090 Novosibirsk RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Vladimir K Cherkasov
- Institut metalloorganičeskoj himii imeni G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk: FGBUN Institut metalloorganiceskoj himii im G A Razuvaeva Rossijskoj akademii nauk Laboratory of metal complexes with redox-active ligands Tropinina Street 49 603137 Nizhny Novgorod RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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Singh V, Kundu A, SINGH KIRTI, Adhikari D. Redox noninnocence of formazanate ligand applied to catalytic formation of α-ketoamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6630-6633. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The formazan ligands have been investigated as redox noninnocent backbone for a long time. Despite its well-established behaviour as redox reservoir, demonstration of catalytic efficiency governed by redox noninnocence remains...
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González-Ábrego DO, Sánchez-Cabrera G, Zuno-Cruz FJ, Rodriguez JA, Alvarado-Rodríguez JG, Andrade-López N, López JA, Cristobal C, González-García G. Cu(I) and Pd(II) complexes containing β-thioketoiminate ligands and their evaluation as potential redox mediators for electrochemical biosensors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kumari M, Bera SK, Lahiri GK. Noninnocence of the deprotonated 1,2-bis((1 H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazine bridge in diruthenium frameworks - a function of co-ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:9891-9903. [PMID: 34196336 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01488a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The article deals with the sensitive electronic forms in accessible redox states of structurally and spectroscopically authenticated deprotonated 1,2-bis((1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazine (H2LR, R = H) or 1,2-bis((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazine (H2LR, R = Me), a BODIPY analogue bridged diruthenium complex as a function of varying ancillary ligands. It involved rac-(acac)2RuIII(μ-LR 2-)RuIII(acac)21a, R = H; 1b, R = Me (S = 1, acac = acetylacetonate), rac-[(bpy)2RuII(μ-L2-)RuII(bpy)2](ClO4)2 [2](ClO4)2 (S = 0, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) and diastereomeric [(pap)2RuII(μ-L2-)RuII(pap)2](ClO4)2meso-[3a](ClO4)2/rac-[3b](ClO4)2 (S = 0, pap = phenylazopyridine). The crystal structure established the linkage of the conjugated -C5[double bond, length as m-dash]N2-N3[double bond, length as m-dash]C6- central unit with the two terminal deprotonated pyrrole units of coordinated L2-. The bridging L2- in 1a, 1b, [2](ClO4)2, [3b](ClO4)2 and [3a](ClO4)2 was slightly twisted and planar with torsional angles of 41.54°, 42.91°, 37.38°, 35.33° and 0°, respectively, with regard to the central N2-N3 bond. The extent of twisting of the bridge followed an inverse relationship with the RuRu separation: 4.935/4.934 Å 1a/1b < 5.141 Å [2](ClO4)2 < 5.201 Å [3b](ClO4)2 < 5.351 Å [3a](ClO4)2. This is also attributed to the intermolecular ππ/CHπ interactions between the nearby aromatic rings of L and bpy or pap in [2](ClO4)2 or [3](ClO4)2, respectively. The multiple redox steps of the complexes varied appreciably based on the σ-donating (acac) and π-acidic (bpy, pap) characteristics of the ancillary ligands. Experimental (structure, EPR) and theoretical (DFT) evaluation pertaining to the electronic forms of 1n, 2n and 3n demonstrated the preferential involvement of L based frontier orbitals in electron transfer processes even in combination with the redox facile ruthenium ion. This in turn highlighted its redox non-innocent feature as in the case of well-documented metal coordinated quinonoid, formazanate, diimine (bpy), azo (pap) and β-diketiminate functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Sudip Kumar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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Dey S, Panda S, Lahiri GK. Ruthenium-Hydride Assisted Remarkable Diversity Towards Non-Spectator Feature of Benzodifuroxan. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3281-3295. [PMID: 32779852 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present article demonstrates that ruthenium-hydride [RuII (H)(Cl)(CO)(PPh3 )3 ] mediated diverse functionalization modes of benzodifuroxan (BDF) encompassing two furoxan rings. Hydride transfer from the metal precursor facilitated multiple cascade reactions involving unsymmetrical cleavage of the furoxan rings of BDF, leading to the one-pot formation of a series of ruthenium (II) coordinated functionalized ligands exhibiting bidentate κ2 -N,O, κ2 -N,N' and bis-bidentate μ-bis(κ2 -N,O) modes. Further, a moderately stable intermediate species was also encountered in the reaction sequence in which the transformed deoxygenated ligand coordinated to the metal ion via the rarely manifested furazan ring (κ2 -N,N'' mode). The products were authenticated by their single-crystal X-ray structures and other spectroscopic/analytical techniques. Redox non-innocence of the functionalized ligands in the complexes was illustrated by spectroelectrochemistry (cyclic voltammmetry, UV-Vis. and EPR) in conjunction with DFT/TD-DFT calculations. Mechanistic outline for the facile ring opening processes of BDF including interconversions of complexes (e. g. reductive ring opening) were also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchaita Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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Mondol R, Otten E. Cation effects on dynamics of ligand-benzylated formazanate boron and aluminium complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9094-9098. [PMID: 32573637 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01918f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic processes present in ligand-benzylated formazanate boron and aluminium complexes are investigated using variable temperature NMR experiments and lineshape analyses. The observed difference in activation parameters for complexes containing either organic countercations (NBu4+) or alkali cations is rationalized on the basis of a different degree of ion-pairing in the ground state, and the data are in all cases consistent with a mechanism that involves pyramidal inversion at the nitrogens in the heterocyclic ring rather than homolytic N-C(benzyl) bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Panda S, Singha Hazari A, Gogia M, Lahiri GK. Diverse Functionalization of Ruthenium-Chelated 2-Picolylamines: Oxygenation, Dehydrogenation, Cyclization, and N-Dealkylation. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:1355-1363. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Arijit Singha Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Manish Gogia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Gilroy JB, Otten E. Formazanate coordination compounds: synthesis, reactivity, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:85-113. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00676a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic complexes of an emerging class of chelating N-donor ligands, formazanates, offer a unique combination of structurally tunable coordination modes, redox activity, and optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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17
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Dhindsa JS, Melenbacher A, Barbon SM, Stillman MJ, Gilroy JB. Altering the optoelectronic properties of boron difluoride formazanate dyes via conjugation with platinum(ii)-acetylides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16133-16142. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The absorption, emission, and electrochemical properties of conjugates of boron difluoride formazanate dyes and Pt(ii)-acetylides are systematically studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasveer S. Dhindsa
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | - Adyn Melenbacher
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | | | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
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18
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Panda S, Bera SK, Lahiri GK. Electronic impact of ancillary ligand on the oxygenation profile of ruthenium coordinated β-diketiminate. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Kumar Bera S, Panda S, Baksi SD, Kumar Lahiri G. Redox Non‐Innocence and Isomer‐Specific Oxidative Functionalization of Ruthenium‐Coordinated β‐Ketoiminate. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4236-4245. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Bera
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sourajit Dey Baksi
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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20
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Kabir E, Mu G, Momtaz DA, Bryce NA, Teets TS. Formazanate Complexes of Bis-Cyclometalated Iridium. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11672-11683. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Evanta Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Ge Mu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - David A. Momtaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Noah A. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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21
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Panda S, Bera SK, Goel P, Dutta AK, Lahiri GK. Ruthenium-Chelated Non-Innocent Bis(heterocyclo)methanides: A Mimicked β-Diketiminate. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11458-11469. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sudip Kumar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Puneet Goel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Achintya Kumar Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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22
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Kaim W, Lahiri GK. The coordination potential of indigo, anthraquinone and related redox-active dyes. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Panda S, Ansari MA, Mandal A, Lahiri GK. Near‐IR Absorbing Ruthenium Complexes of Non‐Innocent 6,12‐Di(pyridin‐2‐yl)indolo[3,2‐
b
]carbazole: Variation as a Function of Co‐Ligands. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4631-4640. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Panda
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai- 400076 India
| | - Md Asif Ansari
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai- 400076 India
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai- 400076 India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai- 400076 India
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24
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Abstract
Redox-active unsaturated chelate ligands can be realised with different ring sizes of the resulting metallacycles. An overview is presented, starting from an exposition of non-innocent behaviour and chelate effects. A systematic approach is used to describe the most familiar situation, the metal complexes of 1,4-hetero-1,3-dienes in established forms (e.g. o-quinone, α-dithiolene, and α-diimine ligands) and with less common combinations of O, S, and N heteroatoms. The different steric and electronic conditions in six-membered chelate ring systems derived from the β-diketonate structure will be discussed with examples of substituted and π extended ligands, including 9-oxidophenalenyl, formazanate, and anions derived from indigo or 9,10-anthraquinone. Four-membered chelate rings existing in at least two ligand-based oxidation states are available through steric and electronic stabilisation in amidinate or triazenide complexes. Three-membered and seven-membered chelate ring situations are discussed briefly as further alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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25
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The chemical and electrochemical reduction of heteroligand o-semiquinonato-formazanato cobalt complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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26
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Mondol R, Otten E. Structure and bonding in reduced boron and aluminium complexes with formazanate ligands. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13981-13988. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02831e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A comparison of structure and bonding in reduced formazanate B/Al complexes and their ligand-benzylated products is described. The kinetics of homolytic N–C(benzyl) bond cleavage in the latter compounds is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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27
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Van Belois A, Maar RR, Workentin MS, Gilroy JB. Dialkynylborane Complexes of Formazanate Ligands: Synthesis, Electronic Properties, and Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:834-843. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Van Belois
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Ryan R. Maar
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Mark S. Workentin
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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28
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Rajput A, Sharma AK, Barman SK, Lloret F, Mukherjee R. Six-coordinate [Co III(L) 2] z (z = 1-, 0, 1+) complexes of an azo-appended o-aminophenolate in amidate(2-) and iminosemiquinonate π-radical (1-) redox-levels: the existence of valence-tautomerism. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:17086-17101. [PMID: 30465680 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03257b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic reaction of the ligand H2L1, 2-(2-phenylazo)-anilino-4,6-di-tert-butylphenol, CoCl2·6H2O and Et3N in MeOH under refluxing conditions produces, after work-up and recrystallization, black crystals of [Co(L1)2] (1). When examined by cyclic voltammetry, 1 displays in CH2Cl2 three one-electron redox responses: two oxidative, E11/2 = 0.30 V (peak-to-peak separation, ΔEp = 100 mV) and E21/2 = 1.04 V (ΔEp = 120 mV), and one reductive E1/2 = -0.27 V (ΔEp = 120 mV) vs. SCE. Consequently, 1 is chemically oxidized by 1 equiv. of [FeIII(η5-C5H5)2][PF6], affording the isolation of deep purple crystals of [Co(L1)2][PF6]·2CH2Cl2 (2), and one-electron reduction with [CoII(η5-C5H5)2] yielded bluish-black crystals of [CoIII(η5-C5H5)2][Co(L1)2]·MeCN (3). A solid sample of 1 exhibits temperature-independent (50-300 K) magnetism, revealing the presence of a free radical (S = 1/2), which exhibits an isotropic EPR signal (g = 2.003) at 298 K and at 77 K an eight-line feature characteristic of hyperfine-interaction of the radical with the Co (I = 7/2) nucleus. Based on X-ray structural parameters of 1-3 at 100 K, magnetic and EPR spectral behaviour of 1, and variable-temperature (233-313 K) 1H NMR spectral features of 1-3 and 13C NMR spectra at 298 K of 2 and 3 in CDCl3 point to the electronic structure of the complexes as either [CoIII{(LAP)2-}{(LISQ)}˙-] or [CoIII{(L1)2}˙3-] (delocalized nature favours the latter description) (1), [CoIII{(LISQ)˙-}2][PF6]·2CH2Cl2 (2) and [CoIII(η5-C5H5)2][CoIII{(LAP)2-}2]·MeCN (3) [(LAP)2- and (LISQ)˙- represent the redox-level of coordinated ligands o-amidophenolate(2-) ion and o-iminobenzosemiquinonate(1-) π-radical ion, respectively]. Notably, all the observed redox processes are ligand-centred. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that six-coordinate complexes of a common tridentate o-aminophenolate-based ligand have been structurally characterized for the parent 1, its monocation 2 and the monoanion 3 counterparts. Temperature-dependent 1H NMR spectra reveal the existence of valence-tautomeric equilibria in 1-3. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP-level of theory corroborate the electronic structural assignment of 1-3 from experimental data. The origins of the observed UV-VIS-NIR absorptions for 1-3 have been assigned, based on time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India.
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29
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Chatterjee M, Ghosh P, Hazari AS, Lahiri GK. Probing electronic structures of redox-active ruthenium-quinonoids appended with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) backbone. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Mondol R, Otten E. Reactivity of Two-Electron-Reduced Boron Formazanate Compounds with Electrophiles: Facile N-H/N-C Bond Homolysis Due to the Formation of Stable Ligand Radicals. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9720-9727. [PMID: 29446931 PMCID: PMC6106049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The reactivity of
a boron complex with a redox-active formazanate ligand, LBPh2 [L = PhNNC(p-tol)NNPh], was studied. Two-electron
reduction of this main-group complex generates the stable, nucleophilic
dianion [LBPh2]2–, which reacts with
the electrophiles BnBr and H2O to form products that derive
from ligand benzylation and protonation, respectively. The resulting
complexes are anionic boron analogues of leucoverdazyls. N–C
and N–H bond homolysis of these compounds was studied by exchange
NMR spectroscopy and kinetic experiments. The weak N–C and
N–H bonds in these systems derive from the stability of the
resulting borataverdazyl radical, in which the unpaired electron is
delocalized over the four N atoms in the ligand backbone. We thus
demonstrate the ability of this system to take up two electrons and
an electrophile (E+ = Bn+, H+) in
a process that takes place on the organic ligand. In addition, we
show that the [2e–/E+] stored on the
ligand can be converted to E• radicals, reactivity
that has implications in energy storage applications such as hydrogen
evolution. A boron complex with a redox-active
formazanate ligand in its two-electron-reduced state is shown to react
with electrophiles (BnBr and H+). The resulting “borataleucoverdazyl”
products have weak N−C and N−H bonds; homolytic cleavage
reactions lead to stable ligand-based radicals. Thus, the accumulation
of [2e−/E+] on the formazanate ligand
and conversion to E• radicals are demonstrated,
and their potential relevance in energy-related electrocatalysis (e.g.,
proton reduction) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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31
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Kabir E, Patel D, Clark K, Teets TS. Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Properties of Electronically Modified Cycloplatinated Formazanate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10906-10917. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evanta Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Dhruti Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Kevin Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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32
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Mu G, Cong L, Wen Z, Wu JIC, Kadish KM, Teets TS. Homoleptic Platinum Azo-iminate Complexes via Hydrogenative Cleavage of Formazans. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9468-9477. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Mu
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Lei Cong
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Zhili Wen
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Judy I-Chia Wu
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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33
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Broere DLJ, Mercado BQ, Lukens JT, Vilbert AC, Banerjee G, Lant HMC, Lee SH, Bill E, Sproules S, Lancaster KM, Holland PL. Reversible Ligand-Centered Reduction in Low-Coordinate Iron Formazanate Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 24:9417-9425. [PMID: 29663542 PMCID: PMC6115202 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Coordination of redox-active ligands to metals is a compelling strategy for making reduced complexes more accessible. In this work, we explore the use of redox-active formazanate ligands in low-coordinate iron chemistry. Reduction of an iron(II) precursor occurs at milder potentials than analogous non-redox-active β-diketiminate complexes, and the reduced three-coordinate formazanate-iron compound is characterized in detail. Structural, spectroscopic, and computational analysis show that the formazanate ligand undergoes reversible ligand-centered reduction to form a formazanate radical dianion in the reduced species. The less negative reduction potential of the reduced low-coordinate iron formazanate complex leads to distinctive reactivity with formation of a new N-I bond that is not seen with the β-diketiminate analogue. Thus, the storage of an electron on the supporting ligand changes the redox potential and enhances certain reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. J. Broere
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States, /
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States, /
| | - James T. Lukens
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Avery C. Vilbert
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Gourab Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States, /
| | - Hannah M. C. Lant
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States, /
| | - Shin Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States, /
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States, /
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34
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Ghosh P, Dey S, Panda S, Lahiri GK. Solvent-Mediated Functionalization of Benzofuroxan on Electron-Rich Ruthenium Complex Platform. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1582-1593. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanchaita Dey
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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35
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Hazari AS, Ghosh P, Beyer K, Schwederski B, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Effect of positional isomerism on the spectroelectrochemical response of 3,6-bis(2-pyridyl)-diketopyrrolopyrrolate bridged bis(carbonylhydridoruthenium) compounds. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14078-14084. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02806k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Small but notable differences accompany the ligand-based oxidation of green and blue isomers1and2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70550 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70550 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
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36
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Hazari AS, Indra A, Lahiri GK. Mixed valency in ligand-bridged diruthenium frameworks: divergences and perspectives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28895-28908. [PMID: 35547993 PMCID: PMC9084559 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03206h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging fundamental issues involving intramolecular electron transfer at the mixed valent diruthenium frameworks and its application prospects have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arindam Indra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
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37
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Panda S, Mandal A, Ghosh P, Lahiri GK. Ru-Complex Framework toward Aerobic Oxidative Transformations of β-Diketiminate and α-Ketodiimine. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:14900-14911. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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38
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Maar RR, Rabiee Kenaree A, Zhang R, Tao Y, Katzman BD, Staroverov VN, Ding Z, Gilroy JB. Aluminum Complexes of N 2O 23- Formazanate Ligands Supported by Phosphine Oxide Donors. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12436-12447. [PMID: 28960966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a new family of phosphine oxide supported aluminum formazanate complexes (7a,b, 8a, 9a) are reported. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the aluminum atoms in the complexes adopt an octahedral geometry in the solid state. The equatorial positions are occupied by an N2O23- formazanate ligand, and the axial positions are occupied by L-type phosphine oxide donors. UV-vis absorption spectroscopy revealed that the complexes were strongly absorbing (ε ≈ 30000 M-1 cm-1) between 500 and 700 nm. The absorption maxima in this region were simulated using time-dependent density functional theory. With the exception of 3-cyano-substituted complex 7b, which showed maximum luminescence intensity in the presence of excess phosphine oxide, the title complexes are nonemissive in solution and the solid state. The electrochemical properties of the complexes were probed using cyclic voltammetry. Each complex underwent sequential one-electron oxidations in potential ranges of -0.12 to 0.29 V and 0.62 to 0.97 V, relative to the ferrocene/ferrocenium redox couple. Electrochemical reduction events were observed at potentials between -1.34 and -1.75 V. In combination with tri-n-propylamine as a coreactant, complex 7b acted as an electrochemiluminescence emitter with a maximum electrochemiluminescence intensity at a wavelength of 735 nm, red-shifted relative to the photoluminescence maximum of the same compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Maar
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Amir Rabiee Kenaree
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Ruizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Yichen Tao
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Benjamin D Katzman
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Viktor N Staroverov
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Joe B Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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39
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Ghosh P, Panda S, Banerjee S, Lahiri GK. Ruthenium-Hydride Mediated Unsymmetrical Cleavage of Benzofuroxan to 2-Nitroanilido with Varying Coordination Mode. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:10735-10747. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Soumyodip Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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40
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Singha Hazari A, Mandal A, Beyer K, Paretzki A, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Metal–Metal Bridging Using the DPPP Dye System: Electronic Configurations within Multiple Redox Series. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2992-3004. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Singha Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alexa Paretzki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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41
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Barbon SM, Novoa S, Bender D, Groom H, Luyt LG, Gilroy JB. Copper-assisted azide–alkyne cycloaddition chemistry as a tool for the production of emissive boron difluoride 3-cyanoformazanates. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00640j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Emissive BF2 complexes of 3-cyanoformazanates produced using CuAAC chemistry are described. Highlights include ferrocene-substituted derivatives with ‘turn-on’ fluorescence upon oxidation and a water soluble derivative with application as a cell-imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Barbon
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | - Samantha Novoa
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | - Desiree Bender
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
| | - Hilary Groom
- Department of Oncology
- London Regional Cancer Program
- London
- Canada
| | - Leonard G. Luyt
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
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42
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Ghosh P, Banerjee S, Lahiri GK. Ruthenium Derivatives of in Situ Generated Redox-Active 1,2-Dinitrosobenzene and 2-Nitrosoanilido. Diverse Structural and Electronic Forms. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:12832-12843. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Soumyodip Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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43
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Ansari MA, Mandal A, Paretzki A, Beyer K, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Isomeric Diruthenium Complexes of a Heterocyclic and Quinonoid Bridging Ligand: Valence and Spin Alternatives for the Metal/Ligand/Metal Arrangement. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:12357-12365. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd. Asif Ansari
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Alexa Paretzki
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, Stuttgart D-70550, Germany
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, Stuttgart D-70550, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, Stuttgart D-70550, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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44
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Singha Hazari A, Ray R, Hoque MA, Lahiri GK. Electronic Structure and Multicatalytic Features of Redox-Active Bis(arylimino)acenaphthene (BIAN)-Derived Ruthenium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8160-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Singha Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ritwika Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Asmaul Hoque
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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45
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Ansari MA, Mandal A, Paretzki A, Beyer K, Fiedler J, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. 1,5-Diamido-9,10-anthraquinone, a Centrosymmetric Redox-Active Bridge with Two Coupled β-Ketiminato Chelate Functions: Symmetric and Asymmetric Diruthenium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:5655-70. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd. Asif Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Alexa Paretzki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jan Fiedler
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, CZ-18223 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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46
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Chen B, Lv ZP, Hua C, Leong CF, Tuna F, D'Alessandro DM, Collison D, Zuo JL. Dinuclear Ruthenium Complex Based on a π-Extended Bridging Ligand with Redox-Active Tetrathiafulvalene and 1,10-Phenanthroline Units. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:4606-15. [PMID: 27070295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a π-extended bridging ligand with both redox-active tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) units, namely, bis(1,10-phenanthro[5,6-b])tetrathiafulvalene (BPTTF), was realized via a self-coupling reaction. Using this ligand and Ru(tbbpy)2Cl2 (tbbpy = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine), the dinuclear ruthenium(II) compound [{Ru(tbbpy)2}2(BPTTF)](PF6)4 (1) has been obtained by microwave-assisted synthesis. Structural characterization of 1 revealed a crossed arrangement of the TTF moieties on adjacent dimers within the crystal structure. The optical and redox properties of 1 were investigated using electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and absorption spectroscopic studies combined with theoretical calculations. One exhibits a rich electrochemical behavior owing to the multiple redox-active centers. Interestingly, both the ligand BPTTF and the ruthenium compound 1 are EPR-active in the solid state owing to intramolecular charge-transfer processes. The results demonstrate that the TTF-annulated bis(phen) ligand is a promising bridging ligand to construct oligomeric or polymeric metal complexes with multiple redox-active centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Peng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Carol Hua
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney , New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Chanel F Leong
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney , New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Collison
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jing-Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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47
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Travieso-Puente R, Broekman JOP, Chang MC, Demeshko S, Meyer F, Otten E. Spin-Crossover in a Pseudo-tetrahedral Bis(formazanate) Iron Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5503-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Travieso-Puente
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J. O. P. Broekman
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mu-Chieh Chang
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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48
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Zhong YW, Gong ZL, Shao JY, Yao J. Electronic coupling in cyclometalated ruthenium complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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49
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Ghosh P, Lahiri GK. Impact of {Os(pap)2} in fine-tuning the binding modes and non-innocent potential of deprotonated 2,2'-bipyridine-3,3'-diol. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:5240-52. [PMID: 26893242 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00013d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of ctc-Os(II)(pap)2Cl2 (pap = 2-phenylazopyridine, ctc = cis-trans-cis with respect to chlorides and pyridine/azo nitrogens of pap, respectively) and ambidentate 2,2'-bipyridine-3,3'-diol (H2L) leads to the simultaneous formation of isomeric [Os(II)(pap)2(HL(-))](+) ((2+)/(3+)), seven-membered chelate containing Os(II)(pap)2(L(2-)) (4) and diastereomeric [{Os(II)(pap)2}2(μ-L(2-))](2+) (5a(2+) (meso, ΔΛ)/5b(2+) (rac, ΔΔ/ΛΛ)). The reaction of 2,2'-biphenol (H2L') and ctc-Os(II)(pap)2Cl2 yields Os(II)(pap)2(L'(2-)) (6), an analogue of 4. The identities of the newly designed complexes have been established by different analytical, spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction techniques. (1)H-NMR spectra of the complexes and single crystal X-ray structures of selective derivatives [2]ClO4, [3]ClO4, [5a](ClO4)2, and 6 establish the retention of the tc-configuration of the precursor {Os(pap)2}. In isomeric 2(+) and 3(+), monodeprotonated HL(-) is linked to the {Os(II)(pap)2} fragment through N,N and N,O(-) donors, resulting in nearly planar five- and six-membered chelates with O-HO(-) and O-HN hydrogen bonds at its back face, respectively. The O(-),O(-) donating L'(2-) extends a severely twisted seven-membered chelate with the {Os(pap)2} unit in 6. The N,O(-)/O(-),N donors of deprotonated L(2-) bridge the two {Os(II)(pap)2} units in a symmetric fashion in 5a(2+), forming two moderately twisted six-membered chelates. Though the deprotonation of the O-HN hydrogen bond in (+) by another unit of {Os(II)(pap)2} generates a diastereomeric mixture of 5a(2+) and 5b(2+), attempts to deprotonate the relatively stronger O-H···O(-) hydrogen bond in 2(+) have failed. The isomeric 2(+)/3(+), seven-membered chelate containing 4/6 and diastereomeric 5a(2+)/5b(2+) exhibit distinctive (1)H-NMR and absorption spectra as well as electrochemical responses. The pap (N[double bond, length as m-dash]N) based two successive reductions and the participation of HL(-), L(2-), L'(2-) in the oxidation processes of the respective complexes have been revealed using EPR and DFT calculated MOs and Mulliken spin density plots at the intermediate paramagnetic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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50
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Mondal P, Chatterjee M, Paretzki A, Beyer K, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Noninnocence of Indigo: Dehydroindigo Anions as Bridging Electron-Donor Ligands in Diruthenium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:3105-16. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Madhumita Chatterjee
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Alexa Paretzki
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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