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Krot NN, Charushnikova IA. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Actinide(VII) Compounds. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362221060011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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2
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Su J, Cheisson T, McSkimming A, Goodwin CAP, DiMucci IM, Albrecht-Schönzart T, Scott BL, Batista ER, Gaunt AJ, Kozimor SA, Yang P, Schelter EJ. Complexation and redox chemistry of neptunium, plutonium and americium with a hydroxylaminato ligand. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13343-13359. [PMID: 34777753 PMCID: PMC8528073 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is significant interest in ligands that can stabilize actinide ions in oxidation states that can be exploited to chemically differentiate 5f and 4f elements. Applications range from developing large-scale actinide separation strategies for nuclear industry processing to carrying out analytical studies that support environmental monitoring and remediation efforts. Here, we report syntheses and characterization of Np(iv), Pu(iv) and Am(iii) complexes with N-tert-butyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)hydroxylaminato, [2-(tBuNO)py]−(interchangeable hereafter with [(tBuNO)py]−), a ligand which was previously found to impart remarkable stability to cerium in the +4 oxidation state. An[(tBuNO)py]4 (An = Pu, 1; Np, 2) have been synthesized, characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption, 1H NMR and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopies, and cyclic voltammetry, along with computational modeling and analysis. In the case of Pu, oxidation of Pu(iii) to Pu(iv) was observed upon complexation with the [(tBuNO)py]− ligand. The Pu complex 1 and Np complex 2 were also isolated directly from Pu(iv) and Np(iv) precursors. Electrochemical measurements indicate that a Pu(iii) species can be accessed upon one-electron reduction of 1 with a large negative reduction potential (E1/2 = −2.26 V vs. Fc+/0). Applying oxidation potentials to 1 and 2 resulted in ligand-centered electron transfer reactions, which is different from the previously reported redox chemistry of UIV[(tBuNO)py]4 that revealed a stable U(v) product. Treatment of an anhydrous Am(iii) precursor with the [(tBuNO)py]− ligand did not result in oxidation to Am(iv). Instead, the dimeric complex [AmIII(μ2-(tBuNO)py)((tBuNO)py)2]2 (3) was isolated. Complex 3 is a rare example of a structurally characterized non-aqueous Am-containing molecular complex prepared using inert atmosphere techniques. Predicted redox potentials from density functional theory calculations show a trivalent accessibility trend of U(iii) < Np(iii) < Pu(iii) and that the higher oxidation states of actinides (i.e., +5 for Np and Pu and +4 for Am) are not stabilized by [2-(tBuNO)py]−, in good agreement with experimental observations. The coordination modes and electronic properties of a strongly coordinating hydroxylaminato ligand with Np, Pu and Am were investigated.Complexes were characterized by a range of experimental and computational techniques.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 S 34th St. Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Alex McSkimming
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 S 34th St. Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Conrad A P Goodwin
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Ida M DiMucci
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Thomas Albrecht-Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University 95 Chieftan Way Tallahassee Florida 32306 USA
| | - Brian L Scott
- Materials and Physics Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Enrique R Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Andrew J Gaunt
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Stosh A Kozimor
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Eric J Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 S 34th St. Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
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3
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Garti S, Coulon R. HPGe/BGO Compton suppression system: Monte Carlo study of radiation monitoring system for failed fuel detection in sodium-cooled fast reactors. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 174:109737. [PMID: 33964524 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fuel failures detection and monitoring is a key issue in sodium-cooled fast reactor operation. This detection is based on monitoring the signal of fission products using dedicated radiation monitoring systems based on gamma spectrometry or neutron counting. In this context, the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) investigates and developpes a Compton suppression system composed by a high-purity germanium diode, a bismuth germanate scintillator and a dedicated digital signal processing allowing filtering coincidences. This approach enables the Compton noise to be filtered without impacting the useful signal from short-lived radioisotopes. Through a calculation scheme based on a validated MCNP6 model of the detector. It was demonstrated that the sodium degassing is a mandatory option reducing the minimal detectable activities of fission products by a factor of up to 27. The Compton suppression system leads to an additional minimization of minimum detectable activities up to a factor of 4 enabling the ease measurement of the 89Kr safety indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Garti
- CEA LIST, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Romain Coulon
- Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Pavillon de Breteuil, F-92312, Sèvres, France
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Thomas EL, Stegman S, Skanthakumar S, Wilson RE. Applications of Alkali Metal Hydroxide Hydrofluxes to the Synthesis of Single‐Crystal Ternary Actinide Oxides. Chemistry 2020; 26:1497-1500. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evan L. Thomas
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Samantha Stegman
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | | | - Richard E. Wilson
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
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5
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Ao B, Lu H, Yang Z, Qiu R, Hu SX. Unraveling the highest oxidation states of actinides in solid-state compounds with a particular focus on plutonium. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:4732-4737. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05990j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The nature and extent of the highest oxidation states (HOSs) in solid-state actinide compounds are still unexplored compared with those of small molecules, and there is burgeoning interest in studying the actinide–ligand bonding nature in the condensed state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyun Ao
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Mianyang 621908
- China
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Mianyang 621908
- China
| | - Zhenfei Yang
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Mianyang 621908
- China
| | - Ruizhi Qiu
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Mianyang 621908
- China
| | - Shu-Xian Hu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center
- Beijing 100193
- China
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6
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Prieur D, Epifano E, Dardenne K, Rothe J, Hennig C, Scheinost AC, Neuville DR, Martin PM. Peculiar Thermal Behavior of UO 2 Local Stucture. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14890-14894. [PMID: 30411877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Most materials expand with temperature because of the anharmonicity of lattice vibration, and only a few shrink with increasing temperature. UO2, whose thermal properties are of significant importance for the safe use of nuclear energy, was considered for a long time to belong to the first group. This view was challenged by recent in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements, showing an unusual thermal decrease of the U-O distances. This thermal shrinkage was interpreted as a consequence of the splitting of the U-O distances due to a change in the U local order from Fm3̅ m to Pa3̅. In contrast to these previous investigations and using an element-specific synchrotron-based spectroscopic method, we show here that the U sublattice remains locally of the fluorite type from 50 to 1265 K, and that the decrease of the first U-O bond lengths is associated with an increase of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Prieur
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Institute of Resource Ecology , P.O. Box 10119, 01314 Dresden , Germany.,Rossendorf Beamline (BM20-CRG) , European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , 6 rue Jules Horowitz , BP 220, 38043 Grenoble , France.,European Commission , Joint Research Centre (JRC) , Postfach 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe , Germany
| | - Enrica Epifano
- CEA , Nuclear Energy Division, Research Department on Mining and Fuel Recycling Processes , SFMA, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze , France
| | - Kathy Dardenne
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (KIT-INE) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Joerg Rothe
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (KIT-INE) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Christoph Hennig
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Institute of Resource Ecology , P.O. Box 10119, 01314 Dresden , Germany.,Rossendorf Beamline (BM20-CRG) , European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , 6 rue Jules Horowitz , BP 220, 38043 Grenoble , France
| | - Andreas C Scheinost
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Institute of Resource Ecology , P.O. Box 10119, 01314 Dresden , Germany.,Rossendorf Beamline (BM20-CRG) , European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , 6 rue Jules Horowitz , BP 220, 38043 Grenoble , France
| | - Daniel R Neuville
- Géomatériaux, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris-CNRS , USPC 1 rue Jussieu , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Philippe M Martin
- CEA , Nuclear Energy Division, Research Department on Mining and Fuel Recycling Processes , SFMA, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze , France
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Perez-Martin S, Pfrang W, Girault N, Cloarec L, Laborde L, Buck M, Matuzas V, Flores y Flores A, Raison P, Smith A, Mozzani N, Feria F, Herranz L, Farges B. Development and assessment of ASTEC-Na fuel pin thermo-mechanical models performed in the European JASMIN project. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2017.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pattenaude SA, Mullane KC, Schelter EJ, Ferrier MG, Stein BW, Bone SE, Lezama Pacheco JS, Kozimor SA, Fanwick PE, Zeller M, Bart SC. Redox-Active vs Redox-Innocent: A Comparison of Uranium Complexes Containing Diamine Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6530-6539. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Pattenaude
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kimberly C. Mullane
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | | | - Benjamin W. Stein
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Sharon E. Bone
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Juan S. Lezama Pacheco
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Stosh A. Kozimor
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Phillip E. Fanwick
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, United States
| | - Suzanne C. Bart
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Smith AL, Colineau E, Griveau JC, Popa K, Kauric G, Martin P, Scheinost AC, Cheetham AK, Konings RJM. A New Look at the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Potassium Neptunate K 2NpO 4 Combining XRD, XANES Spectroscopy, and Low-Temperature Heat Capacity. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5839-5850. [PMID: 28437069 PMCID: PMC5434478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
physicochemical properties of the potassium neptunate K2NpO4 have been investigated in this work using X-ray diffraction,
X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the Np-L3 edge, and low-temperature heat capacity measurements. A Rietveld
refinement of the crystal structure is reported for the first time.
The Np(VI) valence state has been confirmed by the XANES data, and
the absorption edge threshold of the XANES spectrum has been correlated
to the Mössbauer isomer shift value reported in the literature.
The standard entropy and heat capacity of K2NpO4 have been derived at 298.15 K from the low-temperature heat capacity
data. The latter suggest the existence of a magnetic ordering transition
around 25.9 K, most probably of the ferromagnetic type. The structure
of K2NpO4 has been refined using the Rietveld
method, and the hexavalence of neptunium has been confirmed using
XANES spectroscopy. The measured edge absorption threshold has been
correlated to the Mössbauer isomer shift reported in the literature.
In addition, low-temperature heat capacity measurements have revealed
a magnetic transition around 25.9 K, most probably of the ferromagnetic
type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Smith
- Delft University of Technology , Radiation Science & Technology Department, Nuclear Energy and Radiation Applications (NERA), Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Colineau
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre-JRC , Directorate G-Nuclear Safety & Security, Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Griveau
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre-JRC , Directorate G-Nuclear Safety & Security, Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karin Popa
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre-JRC , Directorate G-Nuclear Safety & Security, Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Guilhem Kauric
- Chimie-ParisTech, ENSCP , 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Martin
- CEA Marcoule , CEA, DEN, DMRC/SFMA/LCC, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Andreas C Scheinost
- Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf (HZDR) , Institute of Resource Ecology, P.O. Box 10119, 01314 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anthony K Cheetham
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Rudy J M Konings
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre-JRC , Directorate G-Nuclear Safety & Security, Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
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10
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Bagus PS, Nelin CJ, Ilton ES. The effect of symmetry on the U L3 NEXAFS of octahedral coordinated uranium(vi). J Chem Phys 2017; 146:114703. [PMID: 28330357 DOI: 10.1063/1.4978481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul S. Bagus
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, USA
| | | | - Eugene S. Ilton
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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11
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Bots P, Shaw S, Law GTW, Marshall TA, Mosselmans JFW, Morris K. Controls on the Fate and Speciation of Np(V) During Iron (Oxyhydr)oxide Crystallization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:3382-90. [PMID: 26913955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The speciation and fate of neptunium as Np(V)O2(+) during the crystallization of ferrihydrite to hematite and goethite was explored in a range of systems. Adsorption of NpO2(+) to iron(III) (oxyhydr)oxide phases was reversible and, for ferrihydrite, occurred through the formation of mononuclear bidentate surface complexes. By contrast, chemical extractions and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) analyses showed the incorporation of Np(V) into the structure of hematite during its crystallization from ferrihydrite (pH 10.5). This occurred through direct replacement of octahedrally coordinated Fe(III) by Np(V) in neptunate-like coordination. Subsequent analyses on mixed goethite and hematite crystallization products (pH 9.5 and 11) showed that Np(V) was incorporated during crystallization. Conversely, there was limited evidence for Np(V) incorporation during goethite crystallization at the extreme pH of 13.3. This is likely due to the formation of a Np(V) hydroxide precipitate preventing incorporation into the goethite particles. Overall these data highlight the complex behavior of Np(V) during the crystallization of iron(III) (oxyhydr)oxides, and demonstrate clear evidence for neptunium incorporation into environmentally important mineral phases. This extends our knowledge of the range of geochemical conditions under which there is potential for long-term immobilization of radiotoxic Np in natural and engineered environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Bots
- Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester , Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Shaw
- Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester , Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth T W Law
- Centre for Radiochemistry Research and Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester , Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy A Marshall
- Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester , Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Frederick W Mosselmans
- Diamond Light Source, Ltd. , Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Morris
- Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester , Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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