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Rinn N, Rojas-León I, Peerless B, Gowrisankar S, Ziese F, Rosemann NW, Pilgrim WC, Sanna S, Schreiner PR, Dehnen S. Adamantane-type clusters: compounds with a ubiquitous architecture but a wide variety of compositions and unexpected materials properties. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9438-9509. [PMID: 38939157 PMCID: PMC11206280 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The research into adamantane-type compounds has gained momentum in recent years, yielding remarkable new applications for this class of materials. In particular, organic adamantane derivatives (AdR4) or inorganic adamantane-type compounds of the general formula [(RT)4E6] (R: organic substituent; T: group 14 atom C, Si, Ge, Sn; E: chalcogenide atom S, Se, Te, or CH2) were shown to exhibit strong nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, either second-harmonic generation (SHG) or an unprecedented type of highly-directed white-light generation (WLG) - depending on their respective crystalline or amorphous nature. The (missing) crystallinity, as well as the maximum wavelengths of the optical transitions, are controlled by the clusters' elemental composition and by the nature of the organic groups R. Very recently, it has been additionally shown that cluster cores with increased inhomogeneity, like the one in compounds [RSi{CH2Sn(E)R'}3], not only affect the chemical properties, such as increased robustness and reversible melting behaviour, but that such 'cluster glasses' form a conceptually new basis for their use in light conversion devices. These findings are likely only the tip of the iceberg, as beside elemental combinations including group 14 and group 16 elements, many more adamantane-type clusters (on the one hand) and related architectures representing extensions of adamantane-type clusters (on the other hand) are known, but have not yet been addressed in terms of their opto-electronic properties. In this review, we therefore present a survey of all known classes of adanmantane-type compounds and their respective synthetic access as well as their optical properties, if reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rinn
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Irán Rojas-León
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Benjamin Peerless
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Saravanan Gowrisankar
- Department of Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany
| | - Ferdinand Ziese
- Department of Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany
| | - Nils W Rosemann
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Engesserstr. 13 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Wolf-Christian Pilgrim
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps University Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Simone Sanna
- Department of Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Department of Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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Orzeł Ł, Drzewiecka-Matuszek A, Rutkowska-Zbik D, Krasowska A, Fiedor L, van Eldik R, Stochel G. Copper(II)-Assisted Degradation of Pheophytin a by Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1831. [PMID: 38339109 PMCID: PMC10855625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The central ion Mg2+ is responsible for the differences between chlorophyll a and its free base in their reactivity toward metal ions and thus their resistance to oxidation. We present here the results of spectroscopic (electronic absorption and emission, circular dichroism, and electron paramagnetic resonance), spectroelectrochemical, and computational (based on density functional theory) investigations into the mechanism of pheophytin, a degradation that occurs in the presence of Cu ions and O2. The processes leading to the formation of the linear form of tetrapyrrole are very complex and involve the weakening of the methine bridge due to an electron withdrawal by Cu(II) and the activation of O2, which provides protection to the free ends of the opening macrocycle. These mechanistic insights are related to the naturally occurring damage to the photosynthetic apparatus of plants growing on metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Orzeł
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland; (A.K.); (R.v.E.); (G.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Drzewiecka-Matuszek
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239 Cracow, Poland; (A.D.-M.); (D.R.-Z.)
| | - Dorota Rutkowska-Zbik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239 Cracow, Poland; (A.D.-M.); (D.R.-Z.)
| | - Aneta Krasowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland; (A.K.); (R.v.E.); (G.S.)
| | - Leszek Fiedor
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Rudi van Eldik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland; (A.K.); (R.v.E.); (G.S.)
- Department of Inorganic and Coordination Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Department of Chemistry add Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Grażyna Stochel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland; (A.K.); (R.v.E.); (G.S.)
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Peroxidative Oxidation of Cyclohexane Using 3d Metal Complexes with Hydrazone-Derived Ligands as Catalysts: Exploring (Un)Conventional Conditions. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Two tetranuclear and two mononuclear Cu(II) complexes with arylhydrazones of malononitrile derived ligands (compounds 1–2 and 3–4, respectively), one trinuclear Co(II/III) complex with an arylhydrazone of acetoacetanilide (5) and one tetranuclear Zn(II) complex of 3-(2-carboxyphenyl-hydrazone)pentane-2,4-dione (6) were screened as potential catalysts in the peroxidative oxidation of cyclohexane by aqueous H2O2 in acetonitrile. The best results were attained in the presence of pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) with 1 (26% yield, TON = 52.0) and with 2 (24%, TON = 48.0) after 4 h at 40 °C. In the presence of complexes 5 and 6, no oxygenated products were detected in the studied conditions. The employment of non-conventional conditions like supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as reaction medium or microwave (MW) irradiation was assessed for complexes 1 and 2. After 6 h in acetonitrile–scCO2, at 50 °C and with HNO3 as promoter, only 17% yield was achieved using 1 as catalyst, and 21% using 2. Total yields of oxygenates up to 14 (with 1) and 13% (2) and TOFs of 56.0 and 52.0 h−1, respectively, were obtained working under MW irradiation at 70 °C and for the much shorter time of 0.5 h.
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Shin J, Chae WS, Do J. Photoluminescence in halogeno copper(Ⅰ) methyl thiolate polymers via in situ DMSO decomposition reaction. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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Wells LA, Gau MR, Peddicord MB, Bostwick KF, Kozlowski MC, Zacuto MJ. Copper-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohols to Carbodiimides: Oxygen as an Accelerant. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucille A. Wells
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael R. Gau
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Michael B. Peddicord
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Kirsten F. Bostwick
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901, United States
| | - Marisa C. Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael J. Zacuto
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901, United States
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Li S, Tian D, Zhao X, Yin Y, Lee R, Jiang Z. Visible light-driven copper( ii) catalyzed aerobic oxidative cleavage of carbon–carbon bonds: a combined experimental and theoretical study. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By switching on visible blue light, aerobic oxidation of various substrates, such as α-substituted, β-substituted and α-halo styrenes, was first realized with a copper(ii) catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Dong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Richmond Lee
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
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Bernabé Vírseda I, Siddiqui SA, Prado-Roller A, Eisterer M, Shiozawa H. Crystal engineering with copper and melamine. RSC Adv 2021; 11:23943-23947. [PMID: 34276969 PMCID: PMC8262272 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02903g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination complexes and polymers are central in inorganic and materials chemistry as a variety of metal centers and coordination geometries lead to a diverse range of interesting properties. Here, size and structure control of gem-like quality monocrystals is demonstrated at room temperature. Using the same set of precursors, the copper-to-melamine molar ratio is adjusted to synthesize either a novel coordination complex of dinuclear copper and melamine (Cu2M1), or a barely-studied coordination polymer of zigzag copper-chlorine chains (Cu4M1). Crystals of the former are dark green and square with a size up to 350 μm across. The latter is light green, octagonal, and as large as 5 mm across. The magnetic properties of both crystals reflect the low-dimensional arrangements of copper. The magnetic susceptibility of Cu2M1 is modelled with a spin-1/2 dimer, and that of Cu4M1 with a spin-1/2 one-dimensional Ising chain. Controlled synthesis of such quality magnetic crystals is a prerequisite for various magnetic and magneto-optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Bernabé Vírseda
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejskova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic +420-26605-3755
| | - Shiraz Ahmed Siddiqui
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna Boltzmanngasse 5 1090 Vienna Austria +43-1-4277-9726 +43-1-4277-72601
| | - Alexander Prado-Roller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Straße 42 Austria
| | | | - Hidetsugu Shiozawa
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejskova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic +420-26605-3755.,Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna Boltzmanngasse 5 1090 Vienna Austria +43-1-4277-9726 +43-1-4277-72601
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Orzeł Ł, Rutkowska-Zbik D, van Eldik R, Fiedor L, Stochel G. Chlorophyll a π-Cation Radical as Redox Mediator in Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Mimetics. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:344-348. [PMID: 33351996 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The extensive speciation of copper(II) chloride in organic solvents varies with concentration, temperature, pressure and oxygen content, providing the ability to switch between different chlorophyll transmetalation pathways. We found that one of them is exceptionally suitable for the formation and stabilisation of the chlorophyll π-cation radical. This is due to unique redox cycling, which is coupled to the generation and transformation of various reactive oxygen species. In the presence of a proton donor, our system shows behavior which resembles that of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Regardless of light, chlorophyll acts as an electron transfer mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Orzeł
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Rutkowska-Zbik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rudi van Eldik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Chemistry add Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Leszek Fiedor
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grażyna Stochel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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9
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Spectral and structural insights of copper reduction pathways in the system of CuX2-R2S (X=Cl, Br; R=allyl, n-propyl). J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Fukuda Y, Yoshinari N, Yamagami K, Konno T. Transformations of empty CuI4 core to CuI2CuII2O and CuI6S cores via oxide and sulfide insertions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5386-5389. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01572a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A tetrahedral {CuI4}4+ core is reversibly transformed to a mixed-valent {CuI2CuII2O}4+ core via the oxidative insertion and the reductive elimination of an oxide ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Fukuda
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - Nobuto Yoshinari
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - Kohei Yamagami
- Institute for Solid State Physics
- The University of Tokyo
- Kashiwa
- Japan
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
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11
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Nesterova OV, Bondarenko OE, Pombeiro AJL, Nesterov DS. Phenoxazinone synthase-like catalytic activity of novel mono- and tetranuclear copper(ii) complexes with 2-benzylaminoethanol. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4710-4724. [PMID: 32207490 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00222d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three novel coordination compounds, [Cu(ca)2(Hbae)2] (1), [Cu(va)2(Hbae)2] (2) and [Cu4(va)4(bae)4]·H2O (3), have been prepared by self-assembly reactions of copper(ii) chloride (1 and 2) or tetrafluoroborate (3) and CH3OH (1 and 3) or CH3CN (2) solution of 2-benzylaminoethanol (Hbae) and cinnamic (Hca, 1) or valeric (Hva, 2 and 3) acid. Crystallographic analysis revealed that both 1 and 2 have mononuclear crystal structures, wherein the complex molecules are H-bonded forming extended supramolecular chains. The tetranuclear structure of 3 is based on the {Cu4(μ3-O)4} core, wherein the metal atoms are bound together by μ3 oxygen bridges from 2-benzylaminoethanol forming an overall cubane-like configuration. The strong hydrogen bonding in 1-3 leads to the joining of the neighbouring molecules into 1D chains. Concentration-dependent ESI-MS studies disclosed the equilibria between di-, tri- and tetranuclear species in solutions of 1-3. All three compounds act as catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of o-aminophenol to the phenoxazinone chromophore (phenoxazinone synthase-like activity), with the maximum reaction rates of 4.0 × 10-7, 2.5 × 10-7 and 2.1 × 10-7 M s-1 for 1, 2 and 3, respectively, supported by the quantitative yield of the product after 24 h. The dependence of the reaction rates on catalyst concentrations is evidence of reaction orders higher than one relative to the catalyst. Kinetic and ESI-MS data allowed us to assume that the tetranuclear species, originating from 1, 2 and 3 in solution, possess considerably higher activity than the species of lower nuclearity. Mechanistic and isotopic 18O-labelling experiments suggested that o-aminophenol coordinates to CuII species with the formation of reactive intermediates, while the oxygen from 18O2 is not incorporated into the phenoxazinone chromophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana V Nesterova
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Olena E Bondarenko
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Dmytro S Nesterov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal. and Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow 117198, Russia
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12
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Gawlig C, Schindler S, Becker S. One‐Pot Conversion of Cyclohexane to Adipic Acid Using a µ
4
‐Oxido‐Copper Cluster as Catalyst Together with Hydrogen Peroxide. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Gawlig
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Justus‐Liebig‐Universität Gießen Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Siegfried Schindler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Justus‐Liebig‐Universität Gießen Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Gießen Germany
| | - Sabine Becker
- Fachbereich Chemie Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Erwin‐Schrödinger‐Straße 54/684 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
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13
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Berezin AS, Komarovskikh AY, Komarov VY, Syrokvashin MM, Sheven DG. Trinuclear copper( ii) bromide complex [C 3H 5N 3Br] 2n[Cu 3Br 8] n. Structure, magnetic properties and DFT calculations. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04826j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Halidocuprates(ii) show unusual magnetic properties and a high degree of structural flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Berezin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - A. Yu. Komarovskikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
| | - V. Y. Komarov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
| | - M. M. Syrokvashin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
| | - D. G. Sheven
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
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Kar S, Saha K, Saha S, Kirubakaran B, Dorcet V, Ghosh S. Trimetallic Cubane-Type Clusters: Transition-Metal Variation as a Probe of the Roots of Hypoelectronic Metallaheteroboranes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:10896-10905. [PMID: 30124293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to synthesize chalcogen-rich metallaheteroborane clusters of group 5 metals, thermolysis of [Cp*TaCl4] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) with thioborate ligand Li[BH2S3] was carried out, affording trimetallic clusters [(Cp*Ta)3(μ-S)3(μ3-S)3B(R)], 1-3 (1, R = H; 2, R = SH; and 3, R = Cl). Clusters 1-3 are illustrative examples of cubane-type organotantalum sulfido clusters in which one of the vertices of the cubane is missing. In parallel to the formation of 1-3, the reaction also yielded tetrametallic sulfido cluster [(Cp*Ta)4(μ-S)6(μ3-S)(μ4-O)], 6, having an adamantane core structure. Compound 6 is one of the rarest examples containing the μ4-oxo unit with a heavier early transition metal, i.e., tantalum. In an effort to isolate selenium analogues of clusters 1-3, we have isolated the trimetallic cluster [(Cp*Ta)3(μ-Se)3(μ3-Se)3B(H)], 4, from the thermolytic reaction of [Cp*TaCl4] and Li[BH2Se3]. In contrast, the thermolysis of [Cp*TaCl4] with Li[BH2Te3] under the same reaction conditions yielded tantalum telluride complex [(Cp*Ta)2(μ-Te)2], 5. Compounds 1-4 are hypo-electronic clusters with an electron count of 50 cluster valence electrons. All these compounds have been characterized by 1H, 11B{1H}, and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy; infrared spectroscopy; mass spectrometry; and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The density functional theory calculations were also carried out to provide insight into the bonding and electronic structures of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
| | - Koushik Saha
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
| | - Suvam Saha
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
| | | | - Vincent Dorcet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes , UMR 6226 CNRS-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Université de Rennes 1 , F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
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15
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Duan Y, Teplyakov AV. Deposition of copper from Cu(i) and Cu(ii) precursors onto HOPG surface: Role of surface defects and choice of a precursor. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:052814. [PMID: 28178799 DOI: 10.1063/1.4971287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface reactivity of two copper-containing precursors, (Cu(hfac)2 and Cu(hfac)VTMS, where hfac is hexafluoroacetyloacetonate and VTMS is vinyltrimethylsilane), was investigated by dosing the precursors onto a surface of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) at room temperature. The behavior of these precursors on a pristine HOPG was compared to that on a surface activated by ion sputtering and subsequent oxidation to induce controlled surface defects. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to confirm copper deposition and its surface distribution, and to compare with the results of scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy investigations. As expected, surface defects promote copper deposition; however, the specific structures deposited depend on the deposition precursor. Density functional theory was used to mimic the reactions of each precursor molecule on this surface and to determine the origins of this different reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Andrew V Teplyakov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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16
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Dalvi BA, Lokhande PD. Copper(II) catalyzed aromatization of tetrahydrocarbazole: An unprecedented protocol and its utility towards the synthesis of carbazole alkaloids. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abe T, Tanaka S, Ogawa A, Tamura M, Sato K, Itoh S. Copper-catalyzed Selective Oxygenation of Methyl and Benzyl Substituents in Pyridine with O2. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.161074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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