1
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Schäfer S, Kaufmann S, Rösch ES, Roesky PW. Divalent metallocenes of the lanthanides - a guideline to properties and reactivity. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37183859 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00744d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery in the early 1980s, the soluble divalent metallocenes of lanthanides have become a steadily growing field in organometallic chemistry. The predominant part of the investigation has been performed with samarium, europium, and ytterbium, whereas only a few reports dealing with other rare earth elements were disclosed. Reactions of these metallocenes can be divided into two major categories: (1) formation of Lewis acid-base complexes, in which the oxidation state remains +II; and (2) single electron transfer (SET) reductions with the ultimate formation of Ln(III) complexes. Due to the increasing reducing character from Eu(II) over Yb(II) to Sm(II), the plethora of literature concerning redox reactions revolves around the metallocenes of Sm and Yb. In addition, a few reactivity studies on Nd(II), Dy(II) and mainly Tm(II) metallocenes were published. These compounds are even stronger reducing agents but significantly more difficult to handle. In most cases, the metals are ligated by the versatile pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ligand: (C5Me5). Other cyclopentadienyl ligands are fully covered but only discussed in detail, if the ligand causes differences in synthesis or reactivity. Thus, the focus lays on three compounds: [(C5Me5)2Sm], [(C5Me5)2Eu] and [(C5Me5)2Yb] and their solvates. We discuss the synthesis and physical properties of divalent lanthanide metallocenes first, followed by an overview of the reactivity rendering the full potential of these versatile reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schäfer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Kaufmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Esther S Rösch
- Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Karlsruhe, Erzbergerstr. 121, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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2
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Yang X, Reijerse EJ, Nöthling N, SantaLucia DJ, Leutzsch M, Schnegg A, Cornella J. Synthesis, Isolation, and Characterization of Two Cationic Organobismuth(II) Pincer Complexes Relevant in Radical Redox Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5618-5623. [PMID: 36854169 PMCID: PMC10021010 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis, isolation, and characterization of two cationic organobismuth(II) compounds bearing N,C,N pincer frameworks, which model crucial intermediates in bismuth radical processes. X-ray crystallography uncovered a monomeric Bi(II) structure, while SQUID magnetometry in combination with NMR and EPR spectroscopy provides evidence for a paramagnetic S = 1/2 state. High-resolution multifrequency EPR at the X-, Q-, and W-band enable the precise assignment of the full g- and 209Bi A-tensors. Experimental data and DFT calculations reveal both complexes are metal-centered radicals with little delocalization onto the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Yang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Edward J Reijerse
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Daniel J SantaLucia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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3
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Hanft A, Rottschäfer D, Müller V, Weinberger P, Radacki K, Xie X, Lichtenberg C. Sulfinyl-aminotroponiminates: alkali- (Li, Na, K) and heavy-metal (Bi) complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10809-10817. [PMID: 35818977 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01802k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The installation of electron-withdrawing functional groups at the carbocyclic backbone of aminotroponiminate (ATI) ligands is a versatile method for influencing the electronic properties of the resulting ATI complexes. We report here Li, Na, and K salts of an ATI ligand with a phenylsulfinyl substituent in the backbone. It is demonstrated that the sulfinyl group actively contributes to the coordination chemistry of these complexes, effectively competing with neutral donor ligands such as thf or pyridine in the solid state (XRD), in solution (DOSY NMR spectroscopy), and in the gas phase (DFT). The impact of the phenylsulfinyl group on the redox properties of the complexes have been investigated and access to sodium sodiate species through ligand-induced disproportionation has been studied. Transfer of the ATI ligand to the heavy p-block element bismuth has been demonstrated. Analytical techniques applied in this work include multinuclear and DOSY NMR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, DFT calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hanft
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-98074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Rottschäfer
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Victoria Müller
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-98074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Weinberger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-98074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-98074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
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4
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Ramler J, Fantuzzi F, Geist F, Hanft A, Braunschweig H, Engels B, Lichtenberg C. The Dimethylbismuth Cation: Entry Into Dative Bi-Bi Bonding and Unconventional Methyl Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24388-24394. [PMID: 34378855 PMCID: PMC8596701 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of simple, fundamentally important, and highly reactive organometallic compounds remains among the most challenging tasks in synthetic chemistry. The detailed characterization of such compounds is key to the discovery of novel bonding scenarios and reactivity. The dimethylbismuth cation, [BiMe2 (SbF6 )] (1), has been isolated and characterized. Its reaction with BiMe3 gives access to an unprecedented dative bond, a Bi→Bi donor-acceptor interaction. The exchange of methyl groups (arguably the simplest hydrocarbon moiety) between different metal atoms is among the most principal types of reactions in organometallic chemistry. The reaction of 1 with BiMe3 enables an SE 2(back)-type methyl exchange, which is, for the first time, investigated in detail for isolable, (pseudo-)homoleptic main-group compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ramler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Felix Geist
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
| | - Anna Hanft
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-University WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany), E-mai
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5
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Ramler J, Fantuzzi F, Geist F, Hanft A, Braunschweig H, Engels B, Lichtenberg C. Das Dimethylbismut‐Kation: Zugang zu dativen Bi‐Bi‐Bindungen und unkonventionellem Methylaustausch. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ramler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Felix Geist
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
| | - Anna Hanft
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland), E-mai
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6
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Al-Dabbagh A, Guo Z, Junk P, Wang J. Synthesis and characterization of a range of antimony(I/III) N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinate complexes. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2021; 77:577-585. [PMID: 34482302 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229621008512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Formamidinatoantimony(I/III) complexes have been successfully synthesized as monomers or dimers in the solid state featuring a variety of coordination geometries and have also been comprehensively characterized. The antimony(I) formamidinate complex bis[μ-N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]diantimony(I)(2 Sb-Sb) tetrahydrofuran heptasolvate, [Sb2(C25H35N2)2]·7C4H8O or [Sb2(DippForm)2]·7THF, (1), was obtained by a metathesis reaction between sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide [NaN(SiMe3)2] and N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidine (DippFormH), followed by SbCl3. A range of trivalent haloformamidinatoantimony(III) complexes, namely, bis[N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]chloridoantimony(III), [Sb(C25H35N2)2Cl] or [Sb(DippForm)2Cl], (2), bis[N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]bromidoantimony(III), [SbBr(C25H35N2)2] or [SbBr(DippForm)2], (3), bis[N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]iodidoantimony(III), [Sb(C25H35N2)2I] or [Sb(DippForm)2I], (4), [N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]dibromidoantimony(III), [SbBr2(C25H35N2)] or [SbBr2(DippForm)], (5), and [N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]diiodidoantimony(III), [Sb(C25H35N2)I2] or [Sb(DippForm)I2], (6), were also synthesized by adding DippFormH and MN(SiMe3)2 (M = Li or Na) to the corresponding antimony halides SbX3 (X = Cl, Br or I) in differing ratios. The complexes were all stable to rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Al-Dabbagh
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Zhifang Guo
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Peter Junk
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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7
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Synthesis, characterization, mechanochromism of new AIE-active organoboron compounds derived from salicylaldehyde-based acylhydrazone. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Oberdorf K, Hanft A, Ramler J, Krummenacher I, Bickelhaupt FM, Poater J, Lichtenberg C. Bismutamide als einfache Vermittler hochselektiver Pn−Pn‐Radikal‐Kupplungsreaktionen (Pn=N, P, As). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Oberdorf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Anna Hanft
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Jacqueline Ramler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, ACMM Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Niederlande
- Institut für Moleküle und Materialien Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen Niederlande
| | - Jordi Poater
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB Universitat de Barcelona & ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spanien
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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9
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Oberdorf K, Hanft A, Ramler J, Krummenacher I, Bickelhaupt FM, Poater J, Lichtenberg C. Bismuth Amides Mediate Facile and Highly Selective Pn-Pn Radical-Coupling Reactions (Pn=N, P, As). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6441-6445. [PMID: 33315293 PMCID: PMC7986226 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The controlled release of well-defined radical species under mild conditions for subsequent use in selective reactions is an important and challenging task in synthetic chemistry. We show here that simple bismuth amide species [Bi(NAr2 )3 ] readily release aminyl radicals [NAr2 ]. at ambient temperature in solution. These reactions yield the corresponding hydrazines, Ar2 N-NAr2 , as a result of highly selective N-N coupling. The exploitation of facile homolytic Bi-Pn bond cleavage for Pn-Pn bond formation was extended to higher homologues of the pnictogens (Pn=N-As): homoleptic bismuth amides mediate the highly selective dehydrocoupling of HPnR2 to give R2 Pn-PnR2 . Analyses by NMR and EPR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and DFT calculations reveal low Bi-N homolytic bond-dissociation energies, suggest radical coupling in the coordination sphere of bismuth, and reveal electronic and steric parameters as effective tools to control these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Oberdorf
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität, WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Anna Hanft
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität, WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Jacqueline Ramler
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität, WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität, WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, ACMMVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and MaterialsRadboud UniversityHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Jordi Poater
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUBUniversitat de Barcelona & ICREAPg. Lluís Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität, WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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10
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Zhao MG, Li L, He RR, Zhang X, Ma JP, Su JH, Zheng W. 1,2,4-Triazolato paddlewheel dibismuth complexes with very short Bi( ii)–Bi( ii) bonds: bismuth( iii) oxidation of 1,2,4-triazolato anions into neutral N-1,2,4-triazolyl radicals. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15190-15194. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03225e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth(iii) oxidation of 1,2,4-triazolato anions allowed paddlewheel 1,2,4-triazolato dibismuth complexes to be isolated and the reaction involved the neutral N-1,2,4-triazolyl radicals that were evidenced by EPR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic information materials Ministry of Education
- The School of Chemical and Materials Science
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic information materials Ministry of Education
- The School of Chemical and Materials Science
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- China
| | - Ru-Ru He
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic information materials Ministry of Education
- The School of Chemical and Materials Science
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic information materials Ministry of Education
- The School of Chemical and Materials Science
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- China
| | - Jian-Ping Ma
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Ji-Hu Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance
- Department of Modern Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic information materials Ministry of Education
- The School of Chemical and Materials Science
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- China
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11
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Dzialkowski K, Gehlhaar A, Wölper C, Auer AA, Schulz S. Structure and Reactivity of 1,8-Bis(naphthalenediyl)dipnictanes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzialkowski
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Gehlhaar
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander A. Auer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany
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12
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Theoretical elucidation on the mechanism of 1H-1,2,4-diazaphospholes synthesis from 1,3-bis (amino)-2-phosphaallyl chlorides with hydrazine. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Yu S, Lu H. From
Metal‐Metal Bonding
to
Supra‐Metal‐Metal Bonding
Directed Self‐Assembly: Supramolecular Architectures of Group 10 and 11 Metals with Ligands from Mono‐ to Poly‐Pyrazoles. Isr J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201800097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu‐Yan Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Separation, Laboratory for Self-Assembly Chemistry Department of Chemistry and Chemical IndustryBeijing University of Technology 100124 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Lin Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Separation, Laboratory for Self-Assembly Chemistry Department of Chemistry and Chemical IndustryBeijing University of Technology 100124 Beijing P. R. China
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14
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Plajer AJ, Colebatch AL, Rizzuto FJ, Pröhm P, Bond AD, García‐Rodríguez R, Wright DS. How Changing the Bridgehead Can Affect the Properties of Tripodal Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Plajer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Annie L. Colebatch
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Felix J. Rizzuto
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Institut fuer Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universitaet Berlin Fabeckstr. 34–36 14159 Berlin Germany
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Raúl García‐Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Valladolid Campus Miguel Delibes 47011 Valladolid Spain
| | - Dominic S. Wright
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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15
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Plajer AJ, Colebatch AL, Rizzuto FJ, Pröhm P, Bond AD, García-Rodríguez R, Wright DS. How Changing the Bridgehead Can Affect the Properties of Tripodal Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6648-6652. [PMID: 29603844 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although a multitude of studies have explored the coordination chemistry of classical tripodal ligands containing a range of main-group bridgehead atoms or groups, it is not clear how periodic trends affect ligand character and reactivity within a single ligand family. A case in point is the extensive family of neutral tris-2-pyridyl ligands E(2-py)3 (E=C-R, N, P), which are closely related to archetypal tris-pyrazolyl borates. With the 6-methyl substituted ligands E(6-Me-2-py)3 (E=As, Sb, Bi) in hand, the effects of bridgehead modification alone on descending a single group in the periodic table were assessed. The primary influence on coordination behaviour is the increasing Lewis acidity (electropositivity) of the bridgehead atom as Group 15 is descended, which not only modulates the electron density on the pyridyl donor groups but also introduces the potential for anion selective coordination behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Plajer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Annie L Colebatch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Felix J Rizzuto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Patrick Pröhm
- Institut fuer Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14159, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Dominic S Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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