1
|
Das S, Devi K, Suthar S, Mondal KC. Bonding and stability of elusive silaboryne (SiB) and germaboryne (GeB) with donor base ligands. J Comput Chem 2023. [PMID: 37177883 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Stabilizing the exotic chemical species possessing multiple bonds is often extremely challenging due to insufficient orbital overlap, especially involving one heavier element. Bulky aryl groups and/or carbene as ligand have previously stabilized the SiSi, GeGe, and BB triple bonds. Herein, theoretical calculations have been carried out to shed light on the stability and bonding of elusive silaboryne/germaboryne (Si/GeB triple bond) stabilized by donor base ligands ((cAAC)BE(Me)(L); E = Si, L = cAACMe , NHCMe , PMe3 ; E = Ge, L = cAACMe ). The heavier analogues (Sn, Pb) have been further studied for comparison. Additionally, the effects of bulky substituents at the Si and N atoms on the structural parameters and stability of those species have been investigated. Energy decomposition analysis coupled with natural orbital for chemical valence (EDA-NOCV; for Si) showed that cAAC/NHC ligands could stabilize the exotic BSi-Me species more efficiently than PMe3 ligands. The BSi partial triple bond of the corresponding species possesses a mixture of one covalent electron sharing BSi σ-bond and two dative π-bonds (B ← Si, B → Si).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kavita Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Sonam Suthar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang J, Ding M, Kang JX, Zhang J, Chen X. Coordination mode and stability of the tetrahydroborate ligand in group 10 metal pincer complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11507-11514. [PMID: 35833572 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01357f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The coordination mode of the BH4- ligand in transition metal tetrahydroborate complexes is mainly dominated by the nature of the metal centres. However, other factors can also play important roles sometimes. In order to rationalize the coordination modes and the stability of the BH4- ligand in group 10 metal tetrahydroborate pincer complexes, [2,6-(tBu2PO)2C6H3]Pt(η1-HBH3) and [C6H4-o-(NCH2PtBu2)2B]M(η2-H2BH2) (M = Ni, Pt) were prepared and characterized. A structural comparison of [2,6-(tBu2PCH2)2C6H3]Ni(BH4), [2,6-(tBu2PO)2C6H3]M(BH4) and [C6H4-o-(NCH2PtBu2)2B]M(BH4) (M = Ni, Pd, and Pt) indicates that the M-P bond length, the P-M-P bite angle and the trans-influence of the central atom in the pincer platform also affect the coordination mode of the BH4- ligand. The nickel complexes tend to adopt a monodentate coordination mode while the palladium and platinum complexes can adopt either the monodentate or the bidentate mode depending on the structural features of the pincer platforms. Longer M-P bonds and smaller P-M-P bite angles favour the bidentate mode. The stability of the BH4- ligand is influenced by both the coordination mode and the nature of the metal centre. The BH3 species is released more easily from complexes with less electron rich metal centres. Following the series of Ni, Pd, and Pt, complexes with the same pincer ligand more easily lose a BH3 moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Chang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Man Ding
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Jia-Xin Kang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Xuenian Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China. .,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ji T, Zhu B, Zhao J, Yu W, Wang X. Infrared Spectra and Theoretical Calculations of BSe 2 and BSe 2-: The Pseudo-Jahn-Teller Effect. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3606-3613. [PMID: 33891822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy has been employed to study the reaction of laser-ablated boron atoms with hydrogen selenide in a 5 K solid argon matrix. On the basis of the isotopic shifts as well as the theoretical frequency calculations, triatomic molecule BSe2 and its anion BSe2- were identified. Both BSe2 and BSe2- were predicted to have D∞h symmetric structures with nearly identical structure parameters and bond strengths by quantum chemical calculations. Whereas the observed antisymmetric B-Se stretching frequency of BSe2 is much lower than that of BSe2-, the anomalously low antisymmetric B-Se stretching frequency of BSe2 is attributed to a pseudo-Jahn-Teller effect due to the mixing of the X2Πg ground state with the A2Πu excited state. In addition, H2BSe, HBSe, and HSeBSe molecules were produced in the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bixue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.,School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao J, Ji T, Xiao X, Wang X, Beckers H, Riedel S. Charge-Inverted Hydrogen-Bridged Bond in HCa(μ-H) 3E (E = Si, Ge, and Sn): Matrix Isolation Infrared Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:14355-14366. [PMID: 32975409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy combined with quantum-chemical calculations were employed to study the reactions of calcium atoms with silane, germane, and stannane in a 4 K argon matrix. The ion pairs [HCa]+ and [EH3]- (E = Si, Ge, and Sn) in both the classical structure HCaEH3 and the bridged structure HCa(μ-H)3E were identified based on the H/D isotopic substitution experiments and quantum-chemical calculations. The results show that the reaction between ground-state Ca and EH4 proceeds inefficiently, and only after the photolytic activation of Ca atoms to the Ca(1P:4s4p) state does insertion occur to give HCaEH3, which rearranges to HCa(μ-H)3E upon photolysis. Topological analysis of the electronic structure suggests that the nonclassical structure HCa(μ-H)3E is formed by the electrostatic interaction with charge-inverted hydrogen bridge bond, while HCaEH3 is dominated by (HCa)+(EH3)- ion pair interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.,School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Helmut Beckers
- Institut fur Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universitat Berlin, Fabeckstrase 34/36, Berlin D-14195, Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Institut fur Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universitat Berlin, Fabeckstrase 34/36, Berlin D-14195, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Reaction mechanism of synthetic thorium sulfides: theoretical calculation study. J Mol Model 2020; 26:123. [PMID: 32385588 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Actinide sulfides are especially significant in actinide chemistry because of their potentials that are used as nuclear fuel and the wide variety of their stoichiometries and physical properties. It is essential for studying the synthesis mechanism of actinide sulfides. In this study, the reactions of thorium cation Th2+ with the facile sulfur-atom donor OCS to produce thorium sulfides have been systematically explored by using density functional. The detailed insights of the primary reaction and secondary reaction paths are reported. We investigated that the multiple bonding characters and complexes involved in reaction exhibit significant covalent character. The reaction rate indicated that the tunneling effect is small compared with the effect of temperature on the rate. This study addresses some of the current limitation in understanding the detailed reaction information of Th2++OCS.
Collapse
|
6
|
Franz D, Szilvási T, Pöthig A, Inoue S. Isolation of an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complex of a Borasilene. Chemistry 2019; 25:11036-11041. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franz
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center and Institute of Silicon ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706-1607 USA
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center and Institute of Silicon ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of ChemistryCatalysis Research Center and Institute of Silicon ChemistryTechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao J, Wang Q, Yu W, Huang T, Wang X. M-S Multiple Bond in HMSH, H 2MS, and HMS Molecules (M = B, Al, Ga): Matrix Infrared Spectra and Theoretical Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:8626-8635. [PMID: 30335387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b08266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reaction products of B, Al, and Ga atoms with H2S have been identified in solid argon using matrix isolation infrared absorption spectroscopy. The results show that the ground state B atom reaction with H2S gives the H2BS molecule while for the Al atom the HAlSH molecule forms first, which then further isomerizes to H2AlS upon >500 nm irradiation. The reaction of the Ga atom with H2S only takes place upon photolysis to produce HGaSH in the matrix. The assignments of the major modes for these products were confirmed by appropriate 10B, 11B, D2S, and H234S isotopic shifts and theoretical frequency calculations. Topological analysis of the electron density suggests that both HBSH and H2BS molecules possess covalent B-S bond with significant double bond character, while the M-S bond in the heavier group 13 homologues (Al, Ga) was characterized as a polar covalent strong interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , Guizhou China.,School of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , Shanxi China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Tengfei Huang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| |
Collapse
|