1
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Golwankar RR, Ervin AC, Makoś MZ, Mikeska ER, Glezakou VA, Blakemore JD. Synthesis, Isolation, and Study of Heterobimetallic Uranyl Crown Ether Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9597-9604. [PMID: 38546271 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Although crown ethers can selectively bind many metal cations, little is known regarding the solution properties of crown ether complexes of the uranyl dication, UO22+. Here, the synthesis and characterization of isolable complexes in which the uranyl dication is bound in an 18-crown-6-like moiety are reported. A tailored macrocyclic ligand, templated with a Pt(II) center, captures UO22+ in the crown moiety, as demonstrated by results from single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The U(V) oxidation state becomes accessible at a quite positive potential (E1/2) of -0.18 V vs Fc+/0 upon complexation, representing the most positive UVI/UV potential yet reported for the UO2n+ core. Isolation and characterization of the U(V) form of the crown complex are also reported here; there are no prior reports of reduced uranyl crown ether complexes, but U(V) is clearly stabilized by crown chelation. Joint computational studies show that the electronic structure of the U(V) form results in significant weakening of U-Ooxo bonding despite the quite positive reduction potential at which this species can be accessed, underscoring that crown-ligated uranyl species could demonstrate unique reactivity under only modestly reducing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riddhi R Golwankar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Alexander C Ervin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Małgorzata Z Makoś
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Emily R Mikeska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | | | - James D Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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2
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Liu L, Yang P, Qiu Z, Wang K, Liu D, Liang Y, Hu H, Zou H, Liang F, Chen Z. Russian Doll-like 3d-4f Cluster Wheels with Slow Relaxation of Magnetization. Molecules 2023; 28:5906. [PMID: 37570876 PMCID: PMC10421525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The solvothermal reactions of LnCl3·6H2O and MCl2·6H2O (M = Co, Ni) with 2,2'-diphenol (H2L1) and 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline (HL2) gave three 3d-4f heterometallic wheel-like nano-clusters [Ln7M6(L1)6(L2)6(µ3-OH)6(OCH3)6Cl(CH3CN)6]Cl2·xH2O (Ln = Dy, M = Co, x = 3 for 1; Ln = Dy, M = Ni, x = 0 for 2; Ln = Tb, M = Ni, x = 0 for 3) with similar cluster structure. The innermost Ln(III) ion is encapsulated in a planar Ln6 ring which is further embedded in a chair-conformation M6 ring, constructing a Russian doll-like 3d-4f cluster wheel Ln(III)⸦Ln6⸦M6. 2 and 3 show obvious slow magnetic relaxation behavior with negligible opening of the magnetic hysteresis loop. Such a Russian doll-like 3d-4f cluster wheel with the lanthanide disc isolated by transition metallo-ring is rarely reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhihui Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuning Liang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Huancheng Hu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Huahong Zou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fupei Liang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zilu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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3
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Poe TN, Ramanantoanina H, Sperling JM, Wineinger HB, Rotermund BM, Brannon J, Bai Z, Scheibe B, Beck N, Long BN, Justiniano S, Albrecht-Schönzart TE, Celis-Barros C. Isolation of a californium(II) crown-ether complex. Nat Chem 2023; 15:722-728. [PMID: 36973433 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The actinides, from californium to nobelium (Z = 98-102), are known to have an accessible +2 oxidation state. Understanding the origin of this chemical behaviour requires characterizing CfII materials, but investigations are hampered by the fact that they have remained difficult to isolate. This partly arises from the intrinsic challenges of manipulating this unstable element, as well as a lack of suitable reductants that do not reduce CfIII to Cf°. Here we show that a CfII crown-ether complex, Cf(18-crown-6)I2, can be prepared using an Al/Hg amalgam as a reductant. Spectroscopic evidence shows that CfIII can be quantitatively reduced to CfII, and rapid radiolytic re-oxidation in solution yields co-crystallized mixtures of CfII and CfIII complexes without the Al/Hg amalgam. Quantum-chemical calculations show that the Cf‒ligand interactions are highly ionic and that 5f/6d mixing is absent, resulting in weak 5f→5f transitions and an absorption spectrum dominated by 5f→6d transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd N Poe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Harry Ramanantoanina
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Joseph M Sperling
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA
| | - Hannah B Wineinger
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA
| | - Brian M Rotermund
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Jacob Brannon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Zhuanling Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin Scheibe
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA
| | - Nicholas Beck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Brian N Long
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Samantha Justiniano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | - Cristian Celis-Barros
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA.
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4
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Dodonov VA, Makarov VM, Zemnyukova MN, Razborov DA, Baranov EV, Bogomyakov AS, Ovcharenko VI, Fedushkin IL. Stability and Solution Behavior of [(dpp-Bian)Ln] and [(dpp-Bian)LnX] (Ln = Yb, Tm, or Dy; X = I, F, or N 3). Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Dodonov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Valentin M. Makarov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Marina N. Zemnyukova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Danila A. Razborov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny V. Baranov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Artem S. Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Victor I. Ovcharenko
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Igor L. Fedushkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences (IOMC RAS), Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
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Mahieu N, Piątkowski J, Simler T, Nocton G. Back to the future of organolanthanide chemistry. Chem Sci 2023; 14:443-457. [PMID: 36741512 PMCID: PMC9848160 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05976b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
At the dawn of the development of structural organometallic chemistry, soon after the discovery of ferrocene, the description of the LnCp3 complexes, featuring large and mostly trivalent lanthanide ions, was rather original and sparked curiosity. Yet, the interest in these new architectures rapidly dwindled due to the electrostatic nature of the bonding between π-aromatic ligands and 4f-elements. Almost 70 years later, it is interesting to focus on how the discipline has evolved in various directions with the reports of multiple catalytic reactivities, remarkable potential in small molecule activation, and the development of rich redox chemistry. Aside from chemical reactivity, a better understanding of their singular electronic nature - not precisely as simplistic as anticipated - has been crucial for developing tailored compounds with adapted magnetic anisotropy or high fluorescence properties that have witnessed significant popularity in recent years. Future developments shall greatly benefit from the detailed reactivity, structural and physical chemistry studies, particularly in photochemistry, electro- or photoelectrocatalysis of inert small molecules, and manipulating the spins' coherence in quantum technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Mahieu
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay91120 PalaiseauFrance
| | - Jakub Piątkowski
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay91120 PalaiseauFrance
| | - Thomas Simler
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay91120 PalaiseauFrance
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route de Saclay91120 PalaiseauFrance
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6
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Li LL, Chen SS, Liu S, Yong ZH, Zhang DK, Zhang SS, Xin YC. Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks containing ferromagnetically coupled metal-carboxylate chains showing slow magnetic relaxation behavior. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Pan HD, Wu CE, Chen JH, Li Y, Zhang XQ, Teng QH, Wang K, Liang FP. A Pair of 2D MOFs Based on [Tm2] Secondary Building Units: Syntheses, Structural Variation and Magnetic Properties. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Gil Y, Castro-Alvarez A, Fuentealba P, Spodine E, Aravena D. Lanthanide SMMs Based on Belt Macrocycles: Recent Advances and General Trends. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200336. [PMID: 35648577 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of axial magnetic anisotropy is the central objective to push forward the performance of Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) complexes. In the case of mononuclear lanthanide complexes, the chemical environment around the paramagnetic ion must be tuned to place strongly interacting ligands along either the axial positions or the equatorial plane, depending on the oblate or prolate preference of the selected lanthanide. One classical strategy to achieve a precise chemical environment for a metal centre is using highly structured, chelating ligands. A natural approach for axial-equatorial control is the employment of macrocycles acting in a belt conformation, providing the equatorial coordination environment, and leaving room for axial ligands. In this review, we present a survey of SMMs based on the macrocycle belt motif. Literature systems are divided in three families (crown ether, Schiff-base and metallacrown) and their general properties in terms of structural stability and SMM performance are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolimar Gil
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile.,Centro para la Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Santiago, Estación Central, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Alejandro Castro-Alvarez
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Fuentealba
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Evgenia Spodine
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile.,Centro para la Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Santiago, Estación Central, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
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9
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Bokouende SS, Jenks TC, Ward CL, Allen MJ. Solid-state and solution-phase characterization of Sm II-aza[2.2.2]cryptate and its methylated analogue. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10852-10855. [PMID: 35781473 PMCID: PMC9650674 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01823c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new SmII-azacryptates are reported that differ in steric hindrance and Lewis basicity of donor atoms. The sterically hindered complex has a smaller coordination number and a more negative electrochemical potential than the complex with less steric hindrance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler C Jenks
- Deparptment of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Cassandra L Ward
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Matthew J Allen
- Deparptment of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave., Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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10
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Near-infrared Luminescence and Magnetism of Several Lanthanide Polymers by Biphenyl Carboxylic Acid Ligand. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Abstract
The number of rare earth (RE) starting materials used in synthesis is staggering, ranging from simple binary metal-halide salts to borohydrides and "designer reagents" such as alkyl and organoaluminate complexes. This review collates the most important starting materials used in RE synthetic chemistry, including essential information on their preparations and uses in modern synthetic methodologies. The review is divided by starting material category and supporting ligands (i.e., metals as synthetic precursors, halides, borohydrides, nitrogen donors, oxygen donors, triflates, and organometallic reagents), and in each section relevant synthetic methodologies and applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Ortu
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, U.K.
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12
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Borah A, Murugavel R. Magnetic relaxation in single-ion magnets formed by less-studied lanthanide ions Ce(III), Nd(III), Gd(III), Ho(III), Tm(II/III) and Yb(III). Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Bonnin MA, Feldmann C. Insights of the Structure and Luminescence of Mn 2+/Sn 2+-Containing Crown-Ether Coordination Compounds. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14645-14654. [PMID: 34520187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Crown-ether coordination compounds with Mn2+ and Sn2+ as cations and 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, and 18-crown-6 as ligands are synthesized. Their luminescence properties and quantum yields are compared and correlated with their structural features. Thus, MnI2(15-crown-5) (1), MnCl2(15-crown-5) (2), [Mn(12-crown-4)2]2[N(Tf)2]2(12-crown-4) (3), Sn3I6(15-crown-5)2 (4), and SnI2(18-crown-6) (5) are obtained by an ionic-liquid-based reaction of MX2 (M: Mn, Sn; X: Cl, I) and the respective crown ether. Whereas 1, 2, and 5 exhibit a centric coordination of Mn2+/Sn2+ by the crown ether, 3 and 4 show a sandwich-like coordination of the cation with two crown-ether molecules. All title compounds show visible emission, whereof 1, 2, and 5 have good luminescence efficiencies with quantum yields of 47, 39, and 21%, respectively. These luminescence properties are compared with recently realized compounds such as Mn3Cl6(18-crown-6)2, MnI2(18-crown-6), Mn3I6(18-crown-6)2, or Mn2I4(18-crown-6), which have significantly higher quantum yields of 98 and 100%. Based on a comparison of altogether nine crown-ether coordination compounds, the structural features can be correlated with the luminescence efficiency, which allows extraction of those conditions encouraging intense emission and high quantum yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime A Bonnin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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14
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Anderson NT, Wright JC, Girolami GS. Synthesis and Characterization of Divalent Samarium and Thulium N, N-Dimethylaminodiboranates. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11164-11176. [PMID: 34254780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses and molecular structures of new SmII and TmII N,N-dimethylaminodiboranate (DMADB) complexes are described. Treating SmI2(THF)2 with Na(H3BNMe2BH3) in THF results in the formation of Sm(H3BNMe2BH3)2(THF)3 (1), which can be readily converted to Sm(H3BNMe2BH3)2(DME)2 (DME = 1,2-dimethoxyethane) or Sm(H3BNMe2BH3)2(diglyme) by exchange with the corresponding ether. We also show that Sm(H3BNMe2BH3)2(THF)3 can be prepared by reduction of the SmIII compound Sm(H3BNMe2BH3)3(THF) with KC8 and that addition of 18-crown-6 to this reaction mixture results in the formation of the SmII compound Sm(H3BNMe2BH3)2(18-crown-6). In a similar fashion, two new TmII complexes have been synthesized: treatment of TmI2 in THF with Na(H3BNMe2BH3) results in the formation of Tm(H3BNMe2BH3)2(THF)2 and Tm(H3BNMe2BH3)2(THF)3, which form a cocrystal. IR data and elemental analyses are reported for all the new compounds, as are their crystal structures. 1H and 11B NMR data are provided where available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nels T Anderson
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Joseph C Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Gregory S Girolami
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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15
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Gompa TP, Greer SM, Rice NT, Jiang N, Telser J, Ozarowski A, Stein BW, La Pierre HS. High-Frequency and -Field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Analysis of Metal-Ligand Covalency in a 4f 7 Valence Series (Eu 2+, Gd 3+, and Tb 4+). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9064-9073. [PMID: 34106710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent isolation of molecular tetravalent lanthanide complexes has enabled renewed exploration of the effect of oxidation state on the single-ion properties of the lanthanide ions. Despite the isotropic nature of the 8S ground state in a tetravalent terbium complex, [Tb(NP(1,2-bis-tBu-diamidoethane)(NEt2))4], preliminary X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements on tetravalent terbium complexes show rich spectra with broad resonances. The complexity of these spectra highlights the limits of conventional X-band EPR for even qualitative determination of zero-field splitting (ZFS) in these complexes. Therefore, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel valence series of 4f7 molecular complexes spanning three oxidation states (Eu2+, Gd3+, and Tb4+) featuring a weak-field imidophosphorane ligand system, and employ high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) to obtain quantitative values for ZFS across this valence series. The series was designed to minimize deviation in the first coordination sphere from the pseudotetrahedral geometry in order to directly interrogate the role of metal identity and charge on the complexes' electronic structures. These HFEPR studies are supported by crystallographic analysis and quantum-chemical calculations to assess the relative covalent interactions in each member of this valence series and the effect of the oxidation state on the splitting of the ground state and first excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel M Greer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | | | | | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Benjamin W Stein
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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16
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Poe TN, Beltrán-Leiva MJ, Celis-Barros C, Nelson WL, Sperling JM, Baumbach RE, Ramanantoanina H, Speldrich M, Albrecht-Schönzart TE. Understanding the Stabilization and Tunability of Divalent Europium 2.2.2B Cryptates. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7815-7826. [PMID: 33990139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanides such as europium with more accessible divalent states are useful for studying redox stability afforded by macrocyclic organic ligands. Substituted cryptands, such as 2.2.2B cryptand, that increase the oxidative stability of divalent europium also provide coordination environments that support synthetic alterations of Eu(II) cryptate complexes. Two single crystal structures were obtained containing nine-coordinate Eu(II) 2.2.2B cryptate complexes that differ by a single coordination site, the occupation of which is dictated by changes in reaction conditions. A crystal structure containing a [Eu(2.2.2B)Cl]+ complex is obtained from a methanol-THF solvent mixture, while a methanol-acetonitrile solvent mixture affords a [Eu(2.2.2B)(CH3OH)]2+ complex. While both crystals exhibit the typical blue emission observed in most Eu(II) containing compounds as a result of 4f65d1 to 4f7 transitions, computational results show that the substitution of a Cl- anion in the place of a methanol molecule causes mixing of the 5d excited states in the Eu(II) 2.2.2B cryptate complex. Additionally, magnetism studies reveal the identity of the capping ligand in the Eu(II) 2.2.2B cryptate complex may also lead to exchange between Eu(II) metal centers facilitated by π-stacking interactions within the structure, slightly altering the anticipated magnetic moment. The synthetic control present in these systems makes them interesting candidates for studying less stable divalent lanthanides and the effects of precise modifications of the electronic structures of low valent lanthanide elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd N Poe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee 32306, Florida, United States
| | - Maria J Beltrán-Leiva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee 32306, Florida, United States
| | - Cristian Celis-Barros
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee 32306, Florida, United States
| | - William L Nelson
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Joseph M Sperling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee 32306, Florida, United States
| | - Ryan E Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Harry Ramanantoanina
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Staudingerweg 18, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Speldrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas E Albrecht-Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee 32306, Florida, United States.,National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
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17
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Hay MA, Boskovic C. Lanthanoid Complexes as Molecular Materials: The Redox Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:3608-3637. [PMID: 32965741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of molecular materials with novel functionality offers promise for technological innovation. Switchable molecules that incorporate redox-active components are enticing candidate compounds due to their potential for electronic manipulation. Lanthanoid metals are most prevalent in their trivalent state and usually redox-activity in lanthanoid complexes is restricted to the ligand. The unique electronic and physical properties of lanthanoid ions have been exploited for various applications, including in magnetic and luminescent materials as well as in catalysis. Lanthanoid complexes are also promising for applications reliant on switchability, where the physical properties can be modulated by varying the oxidation state of a coordinated ligand. Lanthanoid-based redox activity is also possible, encompassing both divalent and tetravalent metal oxidation states. Thus, utilization of redox-active lanthanoid metals offers an attractive opportunity to further expand the capabilities of molecular materials. This review surveys both ligand and lanthanoid centered redox-activity in pre-existing molecular systems, including tuning of lanthanoid magnetic and photophysical properties by modulating the redox states of coordinated ligands. Ultimately the combination of redox-activity at both ligands and metal centers in the same molecule can afford novel electronic structures and physical properties, including multiconfigurational electronic states and valence tautomerism. Further targeted exploration of these features is clearly warranted, both to enhance understanding of the underlying fundamental chemistry, and for the generation of a potentially important new class of molecular material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moya A Hay
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colette Boskovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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18
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Moutet J, Schleinitz J, La Droitte L, Tricoire M, Pointillart F, Gendron F, Simler T, Clavaguéra C, Le Guennic B, Cador O, Nocton G. Bis‐Cyclooctatetraenyl Thulium(II): Highly Reducing Lanthanide Sandwich Single‐Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6042-6046. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jules Moutet
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Jules Schleinitz
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Léo La Droitte
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Maxime Tricoire
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Frédéric Gendron
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thomas Simler
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
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19
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Moutet J, Schleinitz J, La Droitte L, Tricoire M, Pointillart F, Gendron F, Simler T, Clavaguéra C, Le Guennic B, Cador O, Nocton G. Bis‐Cyclooctatetraenyl Thulium(II): Highly Reducing Lanthanide Sandwich Single‐Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jules Moutet
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Jules Schleinitz
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Léo La Droitte
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Maxime Tricoire
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Frédéric Gendron
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thomas Simler
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
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20
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Merzlyakova E, Wolf S, Lebedkin S, Bayarjargal L, Neumeier BL, Bartenbach D, Holzer C, Klopper W, Winkler B, Kappes M, Feldmann C. 18-Crown-6 Coordinated Metal Halides with Bright Luminescence and Nonlinear Optical Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:798-804. [PMID: 33405904 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The crown-ether coordination compounds ZnX2(18-crown-6), EuX2(18-crown-6) (X: Cl, Br, I), MnI2(18-crown-6), Mn3Cl6(18-crown-6)2, Mn3I6(18-crown-6)2, and Mn2I4(18-crown-6) are obtained by ionic-liquid-based synthesis. Whereas MX2(18-crown-6) (M: Zn, Eu) show conventional structural motives, Mn3Cl6(18-crown-6)2, Mn3I6(18-crown-6)2, and Mn2I4(18-crown-6) exhibit unusual single MnX4 tetrahedra coordinated to the crown-ether complex. Surprisingly, some compounds show outstanding photoluminescence. Thus, rare Zn2+-based luminescence is observed and unexpectedly efficient for ZnI2(18-crown-6) with a quantum yield of 54%. Unprecedented quantum yields are also observed for Mn3I6(18-crown-6)2, EuBr2(18-crown-6), and EuI2(18-crown-6) with values of 98, 72, and 82%, respectively, which can be rationalized based on the specific structural features. Most remarkable, however, is Mn2I4(18-crown-6). Its specific structural features with finite sensitizer-activator couples result in an extremely strong emission with an outstanding quantum yield of 100%. Consistent with its structural features, moreover, anisotropic angle-dependent emission under polarized light and nonlinear optical (NLO) effects occur, including second-harmonic generation (SHG). The title compounds and their optical properties are characterized by single-crystal structure analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, chemical analysis, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and advanced spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Merzlyakova
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Silke Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sergei Lebedkin
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhoeferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - B Lilli Neumeier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Daniel Bartenbach
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christof Holzer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wim Klopper
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bjoern Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhoeferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manfred Kappes
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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21
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Goodwin CAP. Blocking like it's hot: a synthetic chemists' path to high-temperature lanthanide single molecule magnets. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14320-14337. [PMID: 33030172 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01904f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Progress in the synthesis, design, and characterisation of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) has expanded dramatically from curiosity driven beginnings to molecules that retain magnetization above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. This is in no small part due to the increasingly collaborative nature of this research where synthetic targets are guided by theoretical design criteria. This article aims to summarize these efforts and progress from the perspective of a synthetic chemist with a focus on how chemistry can modulate physical properties. A simple overview is presented of lanthanide electronic structure in order to contextualize the synthetic advances that have led to drastic improvements in the performance of lanthanide-based SMMs from the early 2000s to the late 2010s.
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22
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Muddassir M. Syntheses, structural characterization, and thermal behavior of cyanide-bridged [2 + 2]-type tetranuclear rectangle-based molecule constructed from Tm(III) and hexacyanocobaltate(III). TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-020-00382-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Canaj AB, Dey S, Wilson C, Céspedes O, Rajaraman G, Murrie M. Engineering macrocyclic high performance pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(iii) single-ion magnets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12037-12040. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04559d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We highlight the vast synthetic scope for macrocyclic engineering of magnetic anisotropy, generating a high performance pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(iii) single-ion magnet where the weak equatorial ligand field is created entirely by using a macrocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos B. Canaj
- School of Chemistry
- University of Glasgow
- University Avenue
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Sourav Dey
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Powai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Claire Wilson
- School of Chemistry
- University of Glasgow
- University Avenue
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Oscar Céspedes
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Leeds
- Leeds LS2 9JT
- UK
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Powai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Mark Murrie
- School of Chemistry
- University of Glasgow
- University Avenue
- Glasgow
- UK
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24
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Nicholas HM, Vonci M, Goodwin CAP, Loo SW, Murphy SR, Cassim D, Winpenny REP, McInnes EJL, Chilton NF, Mills DP. Electronic structures of bent lanthanide(III) complexes with two N-donor ligands. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10493-10502. [PMID: 32110338 PMCID: PMC7020784 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03431e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Low coordinate metal complexes can exhibit superlative physicochemical properties, but this chemistry is challenging for the lanthanides (Ln) due to their tendency to maximize electrostatic contacts in predominantly ionic bonding regimes. Although a handful of Ln2+ complexes with only two monodentate ligands have been isolated, examples in the most common +3 oxidation state have remained elusive due to the greater electrostatic forces of Ln3+ ions. Here, we report bent Ln3+ complexes with two bis(silyl)amide ligands; in the solid state the Yb3+ analogue exhibits a crystal field similar to its three coordinate precursor rather than that expected for an axial system. This unanticipated finding is in opposition to the predicted electronic structure for two-coordinate systems, indicating that geometries can be more important than the Ln ion identity for dictating the magnetic ground states of low coordinate complexes; this is crucial transferable information for the construction of systems with enhanced magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Michele Vonci
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Conrad A P Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Song Wei Loo
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Siobhan R Murphy
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Daniel Cassim
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Richard E P Winpenny
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Eric J L McInnes
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - David P Mills
- Department of Chemistry , School of Natural Sciences , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
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25
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Gompa TP, Jiang N, Bacsa J, La Pierre HS. Synthesis of homoleptic, divalent lanthanide (Sm, Eu) complexes via oxidative transmetallation. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:16869-16872. [PMID: 31710330 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The direct synthesis of neutral, divalent samarium and europium complexes supported by the bulky bis(tris-tert-butoxysilyl)amide (BTTSA) ligand via oxidative transmetallation is reported. Through the use of a copper(i) ligand complex, conventional lanthanide halide starting materials for complex formation are circumvented and the clean formation of divalent complexes is achieved directly from the bulk metal. The structures of the [Ln(BTTSA)2] (Ln = Sm, Eu) complexes are isotypic, presenting divalent lanthanide ions with distorted, six-coordinate geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaige P Gompa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA.
| | - Ningxin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA.
| | - John Bacsa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA.
| | - Henry S La Pierre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA. and Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
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26
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Gould CA, McClain KR, Yu JM, Groshens TJ, Furche F, Harvey BG, Long JR. Synthesis and Magnetism of Neutral, Linear Metallocene Complexes of Terbium(II) and Dysprosium(II). J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12967-12973. [PMID: 31375028 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The divalent metallocene complexes Ln(CpiPr5)2 (Ln = Tb, Dy) were synthesized through the KC8 reduction of Ln(CpiPr5)2I intermediates and represent the first examples of neutral, linear metallocenes for these elements. X-ray diffraction analysis, density functional theory calculations, and magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate a 4fn5d1 electron configuration with strong s/d mixing that supports the linear coordination geometry. A comparison of the magnetic relaxation behavior of the two divalent metallocenes relative to salts of their trivalent counterparts, [Ln(CpiPr5)2][B(C6F5)4], reveals that lanthanide reduction has opposing effects for dysprosium and terbium, with magnetic relaxation times increasing from TbIII to TbII and decreasing from DyIII to DyII. The impact of this effect is most notably evident for Tb(CpiPr5)2, which displays an effective thermal barrier to magnetic relaxation of 1205 cm-1 and a 100-s blocking temperature of 52 K, the highest values yet observed for any nondysprosium single-molecule magnet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Randall McClain
- U.S. Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division , China Lake , California 93555 , United States
| | - Jason M Yu
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Irvine , 1102 Natural Sciences II , Irvine , California 92697-2025 , United States
| | - Thomas J Groshens
- U.S. Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division , China Lake , California 93555 , United States
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Irvine , 1102 Natural Sciences II , Irvine , California 92697-2025 , United States
| | - Benjamin G Harvey
- U.S. Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division , China Lake , California 93555 , United States
| | - Jeffrey R Long
- Materials Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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27
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Huang Y, Qin Y, Ge Y, Cui Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Yao J. Rationally assembled nonanuclear lanthanide clusters: Dy9 displays slow relaxation of magnetization and Tb9 serves as luminescent sensor for Fe3+, CrO42− and Cr2O72−. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04893f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of a Schiff base ligand 2-((2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzylideneamino)methyl)phenol (H2L) afforded five nonanuclear lanthanide(iii) clusters. Dy9 displays slow relaxation of magnetization and Tb9 serves as luminescent sensor for Fe3+, CrO42− and Cr2O72−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Yaru Qin
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Yu Ge
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Yanfeng Cui
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Xiamei Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Yahong Li
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Jinlei Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application
- School of Mathematics and Physics
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology
- Suzhou
- China
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