1
|
Volpi G, Laurenti E, Rabezzana R. Imidazopyridine Family: Versatile and Promising Heterocyclic Skeletons for Different Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:2668. [PMID: 38893542 PMCID: PMC11173518 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing attention focused on various products belonging to the imidazopyridine family; this class of heterocyclic compounds shows unique chemical structure, versatile optical properties, and diverse biological attributes. The broad family of imidazopyridines encompasses different heterocycles, each with its own specific properties and distinct characteristics, making all of them promising for various application fields. In general, this useful category of aromatic heterocycles holds significant promise across various research domains, spanning from material science to pharmaceuticals. The various cores belonging to the imidazopyridine family exhibit unique properties, such as serving as emitters in imaging, ligands for transition metals, showing reversible electrochemical properties, and demonstrating biological activity. Recently, numerous noteworthy advancements have emerged in different technological fields, including optoelectronic devices, sensors, energy conversion, medical applications, and shining emitters for imaging and microscopy. This review intends to provide a state-of-the-art overview of this framework from 1955 to the present day, unveiling different aspects of various applications. This extensive literature survey may guide chemists and researchers in the quest for novel imidazopyridine compounds with enhanced properties and efficiency in different uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Volpi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (E.L.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sozzi M, Chierotti MR, Gobetto R, Gomila RM, Marzaroli V, Priola E, Volpi G, Zago S, Frontera A, Garino C. One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Zn(II) Coordination Polymers with Ditopic Imidazo[1,5- a]pyridine: A Structural and Computational Study. Molecules 2024; 29:653. [PMID: 38338397 PMCID: PMC10856496 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Zn(II) coordination polymers are being increasingly studied for their stability and properties. Similarly, there is a growing interest in imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives, which show great potential in luminescence and pharmaceutical applications. In this work, we successfully synthesized and crystallized three new coordination polymers, using Zn(II) as the metallic node, dicarboxylic acids of different length and nature as linkers, and a linear ditopic imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivative, to explore the role of this molecule as a propagator of the dimensionality of the structure or as an ancillary ligand. Our work demonstrates the structural capability of imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines in an unexplored domain for this family of ligands. Notably, we observed a pronounced ability of this heterocyclic scaffold to establish π···π interactions in the solid state. The supramolecular π-stacked assemblies were theoretically analyzed using DFT calculations based on model structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Sozzi
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Michele R. Chierotti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Rosa M. Gomila
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Vittoria Marzaroli
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuele Priola
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Volpi
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Zago
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Claudio Garino
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghinato S, Giordana A, Diana E, Gomila RM, Priola E, Frontera A. Synthesis, X-ray characterization and DFT analysis of dicyanidoaurate telluronium salts: on the importance of charge assisted chalcogen bonds. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15688-15696. [PMID: 37854010 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02787b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript we report the synthesis and X-ray characterization of two cyanidoaurate telluronium salts, namely (3-fluorophenyl)(methyl)(phenyl)telluronium dicyanidoaurate [(3-F-Ph)(Me)(Ph)Te][Au(CN)2] (1) and methyldiphenyltelluronium dicyanidoaurate [(Me)(Ph)2Te][Au(CN)2] (2). In the solid state, the tellurium atom establishes three concurrent and directional chalcogen bonds (ChBs) with the adjacent anions, in both compounds. These charge-assisted ChBs (CAChBs) have been analyzed using DFT calculations and several computational tools. The MEP surface analysis discloses the existence of three σ-holes at the Te-atoms capable of establishing strong CAChBs with the counter-ions. In addition, significant charge transfer from the lone pair orbital at the N-atom of the anion to the antibonding σ*(Te-C) orbital of the cation is observed in some cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ghinato
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Department of Chemistry, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Alessia Giordana
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Department of Chemistry, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Eliano Diana
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Department of Chemistry, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Rosa M Gomila
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Emanuele Priola
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Department of Chemistry, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cerrato V, Volpi G, Priola E, Giordana A, Garino C, Rabezzana R, Diana E. Mono-, Bis-, and Tris-Chelate Zn(II) Complexes with Imidazo[1,5- a]pyridine: Luminescence and Structural Dependence. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093703. [PMID: 37175116 PMCID: PMC10179938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
New mono-, bis-, and tris-chelate Zn(II) complexes have been synthesized starting from different Zn(II) salts and employing a fluorescent 1,3-substituted-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine as a chelating ligand. The products have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction; mass spectrometry; and vibrational spectroscopy. The optical properties have been investigated to compare the performances of mono-, bis-, and tris-chelate forms. The collected data (in the solid state and in solution) elucidate an important modification of the ligand conformation upon metal coordination; which is responsible for a notable increase in the optical performance. An intense modification of the emission quantum yield along the series in the solid state is observed comparing mono-, bis-, and tris-chelate adducts; independently from the anionic ligand introduced by ionic exchange.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Cerrato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Volpi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuele Priola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Giordana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Garino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Rabezzana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Eliano Diana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Volpi G. Luminescent imidazo[1,5‐a] pyridine scaffold: synthetic heterocyclization strategies overview and promising applications. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Volpi
- University of Turin: Universita degli Studi di Torino Chemistry ITALY
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Priola E, Conterosito E, Giordana A, Volpi G, Garino C, Andreo L, Diana E, Barolo C, Milanesio M. Polymorphism and solid state peculiarities in imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine core deriving compounds: An analysis of energetic and structural driving forces. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
7
|
Priola E, Giordana A, Gomila RM, Zangrando E, Andreo L, Rabezzana R, Operti L, Diana E, Mahmoudi G, Frontera A. Metallophilic interactions in silver(I) dicyanoaurate complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5818-5827. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00615d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript reports four new gold(I)−silver(I) complexes with 2-(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine (pyNP) and terpyridine (terpy) as ancillary ligands, of formulation [Ag(pyNP)(Au(CN)2)]2 (1), [Ag2Au2(μ-CN)2(CN)2(pyNP)2] (2), [Ag2Au(μ-CN)2(terpy)2][Au(CN)2] (3) and [Ag4Au4(μ-CN)8(terpy)2(py)] (4). Complexes 1 and...
Collapse
|
8
|
Diana E, Priola E, Marabello D, Giordana A, Andreo J, Freire PTC, Benzi P, Operti L, Andreo L, Curetti N, Benna P. Crystal engineering of aurophilic supramolecular architectures and coordination polymers based on butterfly-like Copper-dicyanoaurate complexes: vapochromism, P-T behaviour and multi-metallic cocrystal formation. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00964h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using the equilibrium properties of CuII in the presence of the chelating ligand and the characteristics of the dicyanoaurate anion, we were able to obtain a family of 10 bimetallic...
Collapse
|
9
|
Priola E, Giordana A, Mazzeo PP, Mahmoudi G, Gomila RM, Zubkov FI, Pokazeev KM, Valchuk KS, Bacchi A, Zangrando E, Frontera A. On the nature of recurrent Au⋯π motifs in tris(2,2'-bipyridine)M(II) (M = Fe, Co and Ni) dicyanoaurate(I) salts: X-ray analysis and theoretical rationalization. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16954-16960. [PMID: 34617941 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript reports the synthesis, X-ray characterization and DFT study of three new [M(bipy)3]2[Au(CN)2]3(X) (M = Fe, Co, and Ni; bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine; X = anion) ionic compounds. These salts are composed of [M(bipy)3]2+ dications and [Au(CN)2]- anions in a 2 : 3 ratio. The positive charge is compensated by X = Cl- anions in compounds 1 (M = Fe) and 2 (M = Co) and X = OH- in 3 (M = Ni). The three tridentate bipyridine ligands define the coordination of the M2+ cation, resulting in a nearly octahedral coordination sphere. The linear dicyanoaurate(I) anions are completely surrounded by a cradle of aromatic rings with Au-ring centroid distances below the sum of van der Waals radii, evidencing the existence of a specific Au⋯π attraction. This interaction has been analyzed in terms of the role of the Au-atom (Lewis acid or Lewis base) using DFT calculations combined with the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), noncovalent interaction plot index (NCIplot) and natural bond orbital (NBO) computational tools. The NBO suggests that the Au⋯π interaction is an example of a coinage bond in spite of the anionic nature of the acceptor and the cationic nature of the donor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Priola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Giordana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo P Mazzeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, 43124 Parma, Italy.,Biopharmanet-TEC, Università degli studi di Parma, via Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ghodrat Mahmoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, P.O. Box 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Rosa M Gomila
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Fedor I Zubkov
- Faculty of Science, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Kuzma M Pokazeev
- Faculty of Science, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Karina S Valchuk
- Faculty of Science, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Alessia Bacchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, 43124 Parma, Italy.,Biopharmanet-TEC, Università degli studi di Parma, via Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Martini A, Bugaev AL, Guda SA, Guda AA, Priola E, Borfecchia E, Smolders S, Janssens K, De Vos D, Soldatov AV. Revisiting the Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Fitting Procedure through a Machine Learning-Based Approach. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:7080-7091. [PMID: 34351779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach for the analysis of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra is developed exploiting an inverse machine learning-based algorithm. Through this approach, it is possible to explore and account for, in a precise way, the nonlinear geometry dependence of the photoelectron backscattering phases and amplitudes of single and multiple scattering paths. In addition, the determined parameters are directly related to the 3D atomic structure, without the need to use complex parametrization as in the classical fitting approach. The applicability of the approach, its potential and the advantages over the classical fit were demonstrated by fitting the EXAFS data of two molecular systems, namely, the KAu (CN)2 and the [RuCl2(CO)3]2 complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Martini
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A L Bugaev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.,Southern Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chekhova 41, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - S A Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.,Institute of mathematics, mechanics and computer science, Southern Federal University, Milchakova 8a, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - A A Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - E Priola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.,CrisDi, Interdepartemental Center for Crystallography, University of Turin, Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Italy
| | - E Borfecchia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - S Smolders
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S); Centre for Membrane separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Post box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Janssens
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S); Centre for Membrane separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Post box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D De Vos
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S); Centre for Membrane separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Post box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A V Soldatov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Giordana A, Priola E, Gariglio G, Bonometti E, Operti L, Diana E. Reticular chemistry applied on coordination polymers of Copper(I) cyanide with tridentate ligands: effect of the ligand flexibility and donor properties on topology, dimensionality and reaction behavior in solvothermal conditions. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
12
|
Volpi G, Rabezzana R. Imidazo[1,5- a]pyridine derivatives: useful, luminescent and versatile scaffolds for different applications. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00322d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine nuclei and derivatives have attracted growing attention due to their unique chemical structure and versatility, optical behaviours, and biological properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Volpi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Turin
- 7 - 10125 Turin
- Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Volpi G, Priola E, Garino C, Daolio A, Rabezzana R, Benzi P, Giordana A, Diana E, Gobetto R. Blue fluorescent zinc(II) complexes based on tunable imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|