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Miler M, Živanović J, Kovačević S, Vidović N, Djordjevic A, Filipović B, Ajdžanović V. Citrus Flavanone Effects on the Nrf2-Keap1/GSK3/NF-κB/NLRP3 Regulation and Corticotroph-Stress Hormone Loop in the Old Pituitary. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8918. [PMID: 39201604 PMCID: PMC11354440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are significant causes of aging. At the same time, citrus flavanones, naringenin (NAR), and hesperetin (HES) are bioactives with proven antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, there are still no data about flavanone's influence and its potential effects on the healthy aging process and improving pituitary functioning. Thus, using qPCR, immunoblot, histological techniques, and biochemical assays, our study aimed to elucidate how citrus flavanones (15 mg/kg b.m. per os) affect antioxidant defense, inflammation, and stress hormone output in the old rat model. Our results showed that HES restores the redox environment in the pituitary by down-regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein while increasing kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1), and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression. Immunofluorescent analysis confirmed Nrf2 and Keap1 down- and up-regulation, respectively. Supplementation with NAR increased Keap1, Trxr1, glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), and glutathione reductase (Gr) mRNA expression. Decreased oxidative stress aligned with NLRP3 decrement after both flavanones and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) only after HES. The signal intensity of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) cells did not change, while corticosterone levels in serum decreased after both flavanones. HES showed higher potential than NAR in affecting a redox environment without increasing the inflammatory response, while a decrease in corticosterone level has a solid link to longevity. Our findings suggest that HES could improve and facilitate redox and inflammatory dysregulation in the rat's old pituitary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Miler
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.Ž.); (B.F.); (V.A.)
| | - Jasmina Živanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.Ž.); (B.F.); (V.A.)
| | - Sanja Kovačević
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Nevena Vidović
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ana Djordjevic
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Branko Filipović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.Ž.); (B.F.); (V.A.)
| | - Vladimir Ajdžanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.Ž.); (B.F.); (V.A.)
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Miler M, Živanović J, Ajdžanović V, Milenkovic D, Cesar T, Filipović MR, Milošević V. Lemon extract reduces the hepatic oxidative stress and persulfidation levels by upregulating the Nrf2 and Trx1 expression in old rats. Biofactors 2024; 50:756-771. [PMID: 38194360 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Citrus flavanones are recognized as promising bioactives within the concept of healthy aging. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of a nutritionally relevant dose of lemon extract (LE) on liver redox regulation and persulfidation levels in 24-month-old Wistar rats. LE (40 mg/kg b.m.) was administered orally once daily for 4 weeks. Control groups received either vehicle (sunflower oil) or remained intact. The applied methodology considered qPCR, Western blot, protein persulfidation levels evaluation, histochemistry in line with immunofluorescence, liver biochemical assays (glutathione, total -SH groups and malonaldehyde; MDA), liver enzymes in serum and in silico analysis to explore the potential interaction/binding between the proteins studied in the paper. Our results showed that LE increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reductase (GR), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic and modifier subunit, respectively, as well as Nrf2 gene expressions, but decreased the expression of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). Upon LE application, protein expression showed upregulation of NRF2, SOD2, GPx, GR, and thioredoxin 1 (Trx1). LE significantly decreased the protein persulfidation levels and concentration of MDA, a marker of oxidative damage in the cell. Histological analysis showed a normal liver histoarchitecture without pathological changes, aligning with the normal serum level of hepatic enzymes. Obtained results showed that LE, by modulating hepatic redox regulators Nrf2 and Trx1, diminishes oxidative stress and alters the persulfidation levels, suggesting a considerable beneficial antioxidant potential of lemon flavanones in the old-aged liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Miler
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" (IBISS)- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Živanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" (IBISS)- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Ajdžanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" (IBISS)- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Thais Cesar
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Food Engineering, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brasil
| | - Miloš R Filipović
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Verica Milošević
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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Osama HM, Khadrawy SM, El-Nahass ES, Othman SI, Mohamed HM. Eltroxin and Hesperidin mitigate testicular and renal damage in hypothyroid rats: amelioration of oxidative stress through PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Lab Anim Res 2024; 40:19. [PMID: 38745206 PMCID: PMC11092223 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-024-00204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate growth, development and function of different tissues. Hypothyroidism is a common clinical disorder characterized by deficiency in THs and adversely affects the development and functions of several organs. This work aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of eltroxin (ELT), a hypothyroidism medication, and hesperidin (HSP), a flavonoid, against testicular and renal toxicity in hypothyroid rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups and treated orally for 12 weeks. Group I (control), group II (hypothyroidism) received 20 mg/kg carbimazole (CBZ), group III received CBZ and 0.045 mg/kg ELT, and group IV received CBZ and 200 mg/kg HSP. RESULTS CBZ administration induced biochemical and histopathological changes in testis and kidney. Co-administration of ELT or HSP significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated THs, reduced urea and creatinine while raised follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone in serum. Testicular and renal malondialdehyde level as a lipid peroxidation indicator, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased while glutathione content, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-s-transferase activities were significantly (P < 0.05) increased. The histopathological changes were also diminished. Decreased mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) in hypothyroid rats were up-regulated after ELT or HSP treatment. CONCLUSIONS ELT and HSP showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against CBZ-induced testicular and renal toxicity, and these effects may be promoted via activating Nrf2/HO-1 and PPARγ signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel M Osama
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sally M Khadrawy
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - El-Shaymaa El-Nahass
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa M Mohamed
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Hegazy W, Abdul-Hamid M, Abdel-Rehiem ES, Abdel-Moneim A, Salah M. The protective impact of hesperidin against carbimazole-induced hypothyroidism, via enhancement of inflammatory cytokines, histopathological alterations, and Nrf2/HO-1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:53589-53604. [PMID: 36862292 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative effects of hesperidin (HSP) and eltroxin (ELT) on hypothyroidism (HPO) induced by carbimazole (CBZ) in white male albino rats. Thirty-two adult rats were categorized into four groups: Group 1, no treatment (control); Group II, treated with CBZ (20 mg/kg); Group III, treated with HSP (200 mg/kg) + CBZ; and Group IV, treated with ELT (0.045 mg/kg) + CBZ. All treatments were provided as oral daily doses for 90 days. Thyroid hypofunction was significantly manifested in Group II. However, increased levels of thyroid hormones, antioxidant enzymes, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase 1, and interleukin (IL)-10, and a decrease in the level of the thyroid-stimulating hormone were observed in Groups III and IV. On the contrary, decreased levels of lipid peroxidation, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-17, and cyclooxygenase 2 were detected in groups III and IV. The histopathological and ultrastructural findings were ameliorated in Groups III and IV; on the contrary, Group II presented with significant increases in the height and number of layers of the follicular cells. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a marked increase in thyroglobulin and significant decreases in the levels of nuclear factor kappa B and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in Groups III and IV. These results confirmed the effectiveness of HSP as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative agent in rats with hypothyroidism. Additional studies are required to assess its potential as a novel agent against HPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Hegazy
- Histology Division, Basic Science Department, Faculty of physical therapy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Manal Abdul-Hamid
- Cell Biology, Histology and Genetics Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salem St, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Eman S Abdel-Rehiem
- Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Salah Salem St, Box, Beni-Suef, 62521, Egypt
| | - Adel Abdel-Moneim
- Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Salah Salem St, Box, Beni-Suef, 62521, Egypt
| | - Marwa Salah
- Cell Biology, Histology and Genetics Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salem St, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Zhao P, Lu Y, Wang Z. Naringenin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response via the activation of SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling pathway in vitro. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e380823. [PMID: 37132753 PMCID: PMC10158850 DOI: 10.1590/acb380823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the protection of naringenin against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced HT22 cell injury, a cell model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in vitro, focusing on SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling pathway. METHODS Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, 4-hydroxynonenoic acid (4-HNE) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured by commercial kits. Inflammatory cytokines levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expressions were monitored by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Naringenin significantly ameliorated OGD/R-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HT22 cells. Meanwhile, naringenin promoted SIRT1 and FOXO1 protein expressions in OGD/R-subjected HT22 cells. In addition, naringenin attenuated OGD/R-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, oxidative stress (the increased ROS, MDA and 4-HNE levels, and the decreased SOD, GSH-Px and CAT activities) and inflammatory response (the increased tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6 levels and the decreased IL-10 level), which were blocked by the inhibition of the SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling pathway induced by SIRT1-siRNA transfection. CONCLUSIONS Naringenin protected HT22 cells against OGD/R injury depending on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities via promoting the SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital - Department of Neurology - Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Tianjin First Central Hospital - Department of Neurology - Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital - Department of Neurology - Tianjin, China
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Gai J, Xing J, Wang Y, Lei J, Zhang C, Zhang J, Tang J. Exploration of potential targets and mechanisms of Naringenin in treating autism spectrum disorder via network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31787. [PMID: 36401485 PMCID: PMC9678605 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NR) is a kind of flavonoid which plays a great role in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the underlying mechanism of NR in treating ASD still remains unclear. This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking to examine the potential targets and pharmacological mechanism of NR on ASD. Targets related to NR were screened from Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine Database (ETCM), Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID), PharmaMapper database, and targets related to ASD were screened from Online Mendelian Inheritance In Man (OMIM), Disgenet, GeneCards, Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), Drugbank, and ETCM. Screened of the intersected gene targets. Then, we used the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to construct a PPI network and used Network Analyzer plug-in to perform topological analysis to screen out the core target. We used Metascape platform to perform gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and used Chem draw, Pymol, AutoDock 1.5.6 software for molecular docking verification with core targets. A total of 149 targets of NR and 1594 potential targets of ASD were screened, and 43 intersected targets and 8 key targets were obtained and screened. A total of 176 GO items were obtained by GO enrichment analysis (P < .05), 153 entries on biological process (BP), 12 entries on BP and 11entries on cell composition (CC) were included. A total of 100 signaling pathways were obtained by KEGG pathway enrichment screening (P < .05).The pathways that are closely related to the pathogenesis of ASD are estrogen signaling, thyroid hormone signaling pathway, prolactin signaling pathway, and endocrine resistance pathway. Molecular docking results showed that NR had the best docking activity with the core target CASP3, and had good binding ability with AKT1, ESR1, ACTB and MAPK3. Taken together, our findings support that NR exerts therapeutic effects on ASD with multi-target, and multi-pathway characteristics, which provides a preliminary theoretical basis for clinical trials. The mechanism of anti-oxidative stress response, anti-apoptosis, regulation of cell growth and metabolism, anti-inflammatory, balance hormone levels may be important for the therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Gai
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinxiao Xing
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Junfang Lei
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengdong Zhang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jinfei Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiqin Tang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * Correspondence: Jiqin Tang, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China (e-mail: )
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Picos-Salas MA, Cabanillas-Bojórquez LÁ, Elizalde-Romero CA, Leyva-López N, Montoya-Inzunza LA, Heredia JB, Gutiérrez-Grijalva EP. Naringenin as a Natural Agent Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, and Its Bioavailability. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2123502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Adrian Picos-Salas
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
| | | | | | - Nayely Leyva-López
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
| | - Luis Aurelio Montoya-Inzunza
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
| | - J. Basilio Heredia
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
| | - Erick P. Gutiérrez-Grijalva
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinaloa, Mexico
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Shen N, Wang T, Gan Q, Liu S, Wang L, Jin B. Plant flavonoids: Classification, distribution, biosynthesis, and antioxidant activity. Food Chem 2022; 383:132531. [PMID: 35413752 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 239.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of natural polyphenol substances abundant in vegetables, fruits, grains, and tea. As plant secondary metabolites, flavonoids play essential roles in many biological processes and responses to environmental factors in plants. Flavonoids are common in human diets and have antioxidant effects as well as other bioactivities (e.g., antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties), which reduce the risk of disease. Flavonoid bioactivity depends on structural substitution patterns in their C6-C3-C6 rings. However, reviews of plant flavonoid distribution and biosynthesis, as well as the health benefits of its bioactivity, remain scarce. Therefore, in the present review, we systematically summarize recent progress in the research of plant flavonoids, focusing on their biosynthesis (pathway and transcription factors) and bioactive mechanisms based on epidemic evidence, in vitro and in vivo research, and bioavailability in the human body. We also discuss future opportunities in flavonoid research, including biotechnology, therapeutic phytoproducts, and dietary flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tongfei Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Quan Gan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sian Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Distribution and natural variation of free, esterified, glycosylated, and insoluble-bound phenolic compounds in brocade orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) peel. Food Res Int 2022; 153:110958. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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10
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Hegazy W, Abdel-Moneim A, Abdel-Rehiem ES, Salah M, Abdul-Hamid M. The protective effect of hesperidin on the liver of hypothyroid rats mediated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-dependent activation of heme oxygenase 1. J Mol Histol 2022; 53:543-560. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-022-10066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bioactive Compounds of Citrus Fruits: A Review of Composition and Health Benefits of Carotenoids, Flavonoids, Limonoids, and Terpenes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020239. [PMID: 35204122 PMCID: PMC8868476 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains contributes to the reduced risk of many diseases related to metabolic syndrome, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and cancer. Citrus, the genus Citrus L., is one of the most important fruit crops, rich in carotenoids, flavonoids, terpenes, limonoids, and many other bioactive compounds of nutritional and nutraceutical value. Moreover, polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs), a unique class of bioactive flavonoids, abundantly occur in citrus fruits. In addition, citrus essential oil, rich in limonoids and terpenes, is an economically important product due to its potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, and flavoring properties. Mechanistic, observational, and intervention studies have demonstrated the health benefits of citrus bioactives in minimizing the risk of metabolic syndrome. This review provides a comprehensive view of the composition of carotenoids, flavonoids, terpenes, and limonoids of citrus fruits and their associated health benefits.
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Han L, Fu Q, Deng C, Luo L, Xiang T, Zhao H. Immunomodulatory potential of flavonoids for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and tumour. Scand J Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Limin Han
- Department of Pathophysiology Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
- Department of Endocrinology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Organ Transplantation Center Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Chuan Deng
- Department of Neurology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Forensic Medicine Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
| | - Tengxiao Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
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Liu L, Guo P, Wang P, Zheng S, Qu Z, Liu N. The Review of Anti-aging Mechanism of Polyphenols on Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:635768. [PMID: 34327192 PMCID: PMC8314386 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.635768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronutrients extracted from natural plants or made by biological synthesis are widely used in anti-aging research and applications. Among more than 30 effective anti-aging substances, employing polyphenol organic compounds for modification or delaying of the aging process attracts great interest because of their distinct contribution in the prevention of degenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. There is a profound potential for polyphenol extracts in the research of aging and the related diseases of the elderly. Previous studies have mainly focused on the properties of polyphenols implicated in free radical scavenging; however, the anti-oxidant effect cannot fully elaborate its biological functions, such as neuroprotection, Aβ protein production, ion channel coupling, and signal transduction pathways. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has been considered as an ideal model organism for exploring the mechanism of anti-aging research and is broadly utilized in screening for natural bioactive substances. In this review, we have described the molecular mechanisms and pathways responsible for the slowdown of aging processes exerted by polyphenols. We also have discussed the possible mechanisms for their anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties in C. elegans from the perspective of different classifications of the specific polyphenols, such as flavonols, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, and stilbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Peisen Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peixi Wang
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shanqing Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhi Qu
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Miler M, Ajdžanović V, Živanović J, Marković Filipović J, Šošić-Jurjević B, Milošević V. Thyroid Gland Alterations in Old-Aged Wistar Rats: A Comprehensive Stereological, Ultrastructural, Hormonal, and Gene Expression Study. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2021; 27:437-449. [PMID: 33586646 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927621000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine and elaborate on all changes in old-aged (OA) versus young-aged (YA) rat thyroids by using stereological, ultrastructural, hormonal, and gene expression analyses. We used 4- and 24-month-old male Wistar rats in our evaluation, presenting all changes in comparison with YA rats. Results showed that the thyroid parenchyma was characterized by higher absolute volumes of the gland, colloid, epithelium, and interstitium by 135, 135, 140, and 142% (p < 0.05) respectively, while the relative volumes of colloid and glands were unchanged. Ultrastructural analysis revealed less active glands, with smaller amounts of lysosomes, thyroglobulin (Tg) granules, and microvilli in the luminal colloid. Optical density values for thyroid peroxidase (TPO), Tg, and vascular-endothelial growth factor immunostaining remained unchanged; however, TPO and Tg exhibited visually stronger expression in small active follicles. Thyroxine (T4)-Tg, the relative intensity of fluorescence (RIF), serum T4, and the sodium-iodide symporter immunohistochemical and gene expressions decreased by 20, 40, 29, and 31% (p < 0.05), respectively, in OA thyroids. Pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) RIF increased by 44% (p < 0.05), but the TSH serum concentration remained unchanged. In conclusion, the obtained results indicate depression of the thyroid gland synthetic and secretory capacity with advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Miler
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Ajdžanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Živanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Branka Šošić-Jurjević
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Milošević
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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