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Mohammadzadeh A, Gol A, Kheirandish R. Effects of garlic (Allium sativum L) and Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad individually and in combination on male reproductive damage due to diabetes: suppression of the AGEs/RAGE/Nox-4 signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:149. [PMID: 38581015 PMCID: PMC10996167 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus is associated with disturbances in male reproductive function and fertility. Studies have shown that oxidative stress with the subsequent inflammation and apoptosis cause these complications in diabetes. Garlic (G) (Allium sativum L) and Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad (C) both have antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Recently, we demonstrated their synergistic effects in alleviating reproductive complications when administered concomitantly. However, as even medicinal plants in long term usage may lead to some unwanted side effects of their own, we examined whether with half the original doses of these two medicinal plants we could achieve the desired results. METHODS Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 7/group): Control, Diabetic, Diabetic + G (0.5 ml/100 g BW), Diabetic + C (5 mg/kg BW) and Diabetic + GC (0.5 ml/100 g BW of garlic and 5 mg/kg BW of C. colocynthis) groups. The experimental period was 30 days. RESULTS Oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), immunoexpression of caspase-3, and expression of mRNAs for receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX-4) and nuclear factor kappa B increased in testis of diabetic rats. Treatment with garlic and C. colocynthis alone showed some beneficial effects, but in the combination form the effectiveness was more profound. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the combination therapy of diabetic rats with lower doses is still as efficient as higher doses; therefore, the way forward for reducing complications in long term consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aghileh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Gol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Reza Kheirandish
- Department of Pathobiology, Veterinary Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Fan G, Zhang B, Wang J, Wang N, Qin S, Zhao W, Zhang J. Accurate construction of NIR probe for visualizing HClO fluctuations in type I, type II diabetes and diabetic liver disease assisted by theoretical calculation. Talanta 2024; 268:125298. [PMID: 37832452 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is a key signaling molecule which involved in various pathological and physiological processes and the immune system. It had been proved that excess HClO in the organisms was closely associated with diabetes. In this paper, we constructed a series of BODIPY-based fluorophores modified with olefinic bond. With the assistance of theoretical calculations, the optimized near-infrared (NIR) dye BDP-ENE-S-Me, which possessed the longest wavelength (690 nm) and the best stability, was screened and synthesized. Based on BDP-ENE-S-Me, we further introduced N, N-dimethylcarbamate group to construct a NIR fluorescent probe BDP-ENE-ClO. BDP-ENE-ClO displayed excellent selectivity and sensitivity with a low detection limit (49 nM) towards HClO. Besides, the probe was successfully applied in monitoring concentration fluctuations of HClO in vitro and in vivo caused by various stimuli. Most importantly, the over-production of HClO in the type I, type II diabetes and diabetic liver disease mice models could be visualized and assessed precisely with the assistance of BDP-ENE-ClO. By comparing fluorescent intensity of diabetic mice models with that of diabetic liver disease mice models, the probe was competent to assess the progression of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanwen Fan
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China.
| | - Nannan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Shuchun Qin
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
| | - Weili Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China.
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3
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Gu L, Li Y, Kong X, Zhang K, Qin Y, Zhou X, Ji H, Li G, Wu L. A stable ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid detection and rheumatoid arthritis evaluation. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:330-334. [PMID: 38173335 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01576a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
A ratiometric fluorescent probe (MeO-CNPPV Pdots) based on the principle of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was designed for hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) detection. The presence of HOCl can block the energy transfer from CNPPV to MeOTPATBT, resulting in a ratio change in the fluorescence of Pdots (I600 nm/I680 nm). This strategy provides a valuable paradigm in early RA evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuwei Gu
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Yinghao Li
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaojie Kong
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Ke Zhang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Yuling Qin
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Haiwei Ji
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Guo Li
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Li Wu
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Public Health and Medical Analysis, School of Public Health, Nantong University, No. 9, Seyuan Road, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
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4
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Tang W, Li F, Huang R, Liu P. Causal relationship between levels of myeloperoxidase and obstructive sleep apnea: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1305580. [PMID: 38156091 PMCID: PMC10753018 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1305580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several observational studies have investigated the association between myeloperoxidase (MPO) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the nature of this relationship remains uncertain due to potential selection and confounding biases. To resolve this, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to scrutinize the causal relationship between MPO and OSA. Methods Instrumental variables (IVs) for OSA were sourced from the publicly available FinnGen dataset, encompassing 38,998 OSA cases and 336,659 controls. Data on MPO were sourced from a study of 21,758 individuals conducted by the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). The primary MR analysis utilized the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, with MR-Egger intercept and leave-one-out methods assessing pleiotropy and Cochran's Q test determining heterogeneity. Results The IVW analysis indicated a causal relationship between heightened MPO levels and an increased incidence of OSA. Individuals with elevated MPO levels manifested a higher propensity to develop OSA, exhibiting an odds ratio (OR) of 1.075 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.011-1.143 (p = 0.021). Conversely, the reciprocal analysis unveiled no significant association between OSA and heightened MPO levels (p = 0.643). No directional pleiotropy was identified through the MR-Egger intercept test (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our study provides evidence of an association between elevated MPO levels and an increased incidence of OSA. However, OSA does not necessarily lead to elevated MPO levels. When patients present with high MPO levels, screening for OSA may be advisable, considering their clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
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Shubina VS, Kozina VI, Shatalin YV. A Comparative Study of the Inhibitory Effect of Some Flavonoids and a Conjugate of Taxifolin with Glyoxylic Acid on the Oxidative Burst of Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15068. [PMID: 37894747 PMCID: PMC10606308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the storage, processing, and digestion of flavonoid-rich foods and beverages, a condensation of flavonoids with toxic carbonyl compounds occurs. The effect of the resulting products on cells remains largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of quercetin, taxifolin, catechin, eriodictyol, hesperetin, naringenin, and a condensation product of taxifolin with glyoxylic acid on the oxidative burst of neutrophils. It was found that the flavonoids and the condensation product inhibited the total production of ROS. Flavonoids decreased both the intra and extracellular ROS production. The condensation product had no effect on intracellular ROS production but effectively inhibited the extracellular production of ROS. Thus, the condensation of flavonoids with toxic carbonyl compounds may lead to the formation of compounds exhibiting potent inhibitory effects on the oxidative burst of neutrophils. The data also suggest that, during these reactions, the influence of a fraction of flavonoids and their polyphenolic derivatives on cellular functions may change. On the whole, the results of the study provide a better understanding of the effects of polyphenols on human health. In addition, these results reveal the structure-activity relationship of these polyphenols and may be useful in a search for new therapeutic agents against diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria S. Shubina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | | | - Yuri V. Shatalin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
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da Silva Nascimento M, Dos Santos PH, de Abreu FF, Shan AYKV, Amaral RG, Andrade LN, Souto EB, Santos MIS, de Souza Graça A, Souza JB, Raimundo E Silva JP, Tavares JF, de Oliveira E Silva AM, Correa CB, Montalvão MM, Piacente S, Pizza C, Camargo EA, Dos Santos Estevam C. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Brazilian pepper) leaves extract: in vitro and in vivo evidence of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2505-2519. [PMID: 37639162 PMCID: PMC10518276 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of ethyl acetate extract obtained from the leaves of Brazilian peppertree Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (EAELSt). Total phenols and flavonoids, chemical constituents, in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and lipoperoxidation assays), and cytotoxicity in L929 fibroblasts were determined. In vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties were evaluated using TPA-induced ear inflammation model in mice. Phenol and flavonoid contents were 19.2 ± 0.4 and 93.8 ± 5.2 of gallic acid or quercetin equivalents/g, respectively. LC-MS analysis identified 43 compounds, of which myricetin-O-pentoside and quercetin-O-rhamnoside were major peaks of chromatogram. Incubation with EAELSt decreased the amount of DPPH radical (EC50 of 54.5 ± 2.4 µg/mL) and lipoperoxidation at 200-500 µg/mL. The incubation with EAELSt did not change fibroblast viability up to 100 µg/mL. Topical treatment with EAELSt significantly reduced edema and myeloperoxidase activity at 0.3, 1, and 3 mg/ear when compared to the vehicle-treated group. In addition, EAELSt decreased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and increased IL-10 levels. Besides, it modulated markers of oxidative stress (reduced total hydroperoxides and increased sulfhydryl contents and ferrium reduction potential) and increased the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, without altering GPx activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel da Silva Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Péligris H Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Fabiula F de Abreu
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Andrea Y K V Shan
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G Amaral
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil.
| | - Luciana N Andrade
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Eliana B Souto
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Matheus I S Santos
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Ariel de Souza Graça
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Jesica B Souza
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Joanda P Raimundo E Silva
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, 58051-970, Brazil
| | - Josean F Tavares
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, 58051-970, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane B Correa
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Monalisa M Montalvão
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Cosimo Pizza
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Enilton A Camargo
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Charles Dos Santos Estevam
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
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Tantry IQ, Ali A, Mahmood R. Curcumin from Curcuma longa Linn. (Family: Zingiberaceae) attenuates hypochlorous acid-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damage to human red blood cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 89:105583. [PMID: 36924976 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a major oxidant produced by activated neutrophils via the myeloperoxidase catalyzed reaction. The production of HOCl eliminates a wide range of pathogens. However, HOCl can also cause significant oxidative damage in cells and tissues where it is generated. The protective effect of curcumin was studied on HOCl-induced oxidative damage to human red blood cells (RBC). Isolated RBC were incubated with HOCl at 37 °C in absence or presence of different concentrations of curcumin. Hemolysates were prepared and assayed for various biochemical parameters. Treatment of RBC with HOCl alone increased hemolysis, protein carbonyls, heme degradation and chloramines as compared to untreated control cells. This was accompanied by reduction in glutathione level, total sulfhydryls and free amino groups. HOCl also lowered the activities of major antioxidant enzymes and diminished the antioxidant power of RBC. Pre-treatment of RBC with different concentrations of curcumin resulted in concentration-dependent attenuation in all these parameters while curcumin alone had no significant effect. Scanning electron microscopy showed that curcumin prevented HOCl-induced morphological changes in RBC and restored their normal biconcave shape. Thus curcumin can be used as a chemoprotective agent to mitigate HOCl-induced oxidative damage to cells. These results also explain the beneficial effects of curcumin against Helicobacter pylori induced stomach ulcers, caused by excessive production of HOCl at the site of bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Qadir Tantry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, UP, India; Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, UP, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, UP, India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, UP, India.
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Li JX, Tian R, Lu N. Quercetin Attenuates Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Atherosclerotic Mice by Inhibiting Myeloperoxidase and NADPH Oxidase Function. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:260-269. [PMID: 36719041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) exhibits a unique property to use H2O2 to oxidize chloride and lead to the generation of a strong oxidant, hypochlorous acid (HOCl), which plays important roles in atherosclerosis. A lot of evidence indicates that quercetin, a natural polyphenol derived from human diet, effectively contributes to cardiovascular health. Herein, we found that dietary quercetin significantly inhibited vascular endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that dietary quercetin effectively suppressed the MPO level and activity in the vessels of ApoE-/- animals, and p47phox expression and NADPH oxidase activity were simultaneously attenuated after quercetin treatment. In vascular endothelial cells, NADPH oxidase was demonstrated to be the major source of H2O2 formation. Moreover, quercetin effectively attenuated MPO/H2O2-mediated HOCl production and toxicity to human vascular endothelial cells, and this compound was not toxic. The inhibitory effect on MPO activity was likely attributed to that quercetin significantly inhibited NADPH oxidase-derived H2O2 formation in human endothelial cells and could act as an effective mediator for MPO intermediates, subsequently preventing HOCl production by the MPO/H2O2 system. Collectively, it was suggested that quercetin effectively suppressed endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic vasculature through the reduction of MPO/NADPH oxidase-mediated HOCl production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Normal University, Ziyang Road 99, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Rong Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Normal University, Ziyang Road 99, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Naihao Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Normal University, Ziyang Road 99, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
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Fu D, Wu S, Jiang X, You T, Li Y, Xin J, Feng X, Wen J, Huang Y, Hu C. Caveolin-1 alleviates acetaminophen-induced vascular oxidative stress and inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 195:245-257. [PMID: 36596386 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most widely used drugs in the world. The literature shows that excessive or long-term use of APAP can lead to increased cardiovascular dysfunction. An acute increase in angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) caused by APAP use in fatty liver disease may increase the risk and severity of vascular injury. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is a broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor that significantly determines endothelial function. This study aimed to observe the effects of APAP on the vasculature in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to determine whether CAV1 could alleviate vascular oxidative stress and inflammation by targeting Ang Ⅱ or its downstream pathways. In this study, 7-week-old C57BL/6 male mice (18-20 g) were administered APAP by gavage after eight weeks of a high-fat diet. Any resulting vascular oxidative stress and inflammation were assessed. Levels of Ang Ⅱ, CAV1, and other related proteins were measured using ELISA and western blotting. In APAP-treated NAFLD mice, CAV1 expression was downregulated and Ang Ⅱ expression was upregulated compared to normal APAP-treated mice. In vitro, HUVECs were incubated with Ang Ⅱ (300 nM) for 48 h. Overexpression of CAV1 in HUVECs attenuated Ang Ⅱ-induced oxidative stress and inflammation and downregulated the expression of Protein kinase C (PKC) and p-P38/P38. After intervention with CAV1-siRNA, immunofluorescence results showed that the fluorescence intensity of PKC on mitochondria was further increased, and flow cytometry results showed that the mitochondrial membrane potential increased. PKC inhibitors alleviated Ang Ⅱ-induced endothelial injury. In conclusion, our findings confirmed that CAV1 exerts a protective effect against vascular injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation through the PKC/MAPK pathway. Therefore, restoration of CAV1 may have clinical benefits in reducing APAP-induced vascular damage in NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Fu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiangfu Jiang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tingyu You
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yu Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiao Xin
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiagen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chengmu Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
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10
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Murotomi K, Umeno A, Shichiri M, Tanito M, Yoshida Y. Significance of Singlet Oxygen Molecule in Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032739. [PMID: 36769060 PMCID: PMC9917472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen, play an important role in the onset and progression of disease, as well as in aging. Singlet oxygen can be formed non-enzymatically by chemical, photochemical, and electron transfer reactions, or as a byproduct of endogenous enzymatic reactions in phagocytosis during inflammation. The imbalance of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant networks with the generation of singlet oxygen increases oxidative stress, resulting in the undesirable oxidation and modification of biomolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and lipids. This review describes the molecular mechanisms of singlet oxygen production in vivo and methods for the evaluation of damage induced by singlet oxygen. The involvement of singlet oxygen in the pathogenesis of skin and eye diseases is also discussed from the biomolecular perspective. We also present our findings on lipid oxidation products derived from singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation in glaucoma, early diabetes patients, and a mouse model of bronchial asthma. Even in these diseases, oxidation products due to singlet oxygen have not been measured clinically. This review discusses their potential as biomarkers for diagnosis. Recent developments in singlet oxygen scavengers such as carotenoids, which can be utilized to prevent the onset and progression of disease, are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Murotomi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
| | - Aya Umeno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Mototada Shichiri
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda 563-8577, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-751-8234
| | - Masaki Tanito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
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11
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Mohammadzadeh A, Gol A. Synergistic properties of garlic and Citrullus colocynthis on reproductive injury caused by diabetes in male rats: Structural and molecular evidence. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14467. [PMID: 36219760 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the synergistic effect of garlic and Citrullus colocynthis on diabetic reproductive damage by suppressing the AGEs/RAGE/Nox-4 signaling pathway. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 7/group): Control, Diabetic, Diabetic+G (Garlic, 1 mL/100 g b.w), Diabetic+C (C. colocynthis, 10 mg/kg b.w) and Diabetic+GC (Garlic, 1 mL/100 g b.w and C. colocynthis, 10 mg/kg b.w) groups. At the end of the experimental period (30 days), in diabetic rats, glucose increased, and body & testis weight, luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels, and sperm count decreased significantly and histopathological injuries were observed. In addition, they have increased testicular apoptosis and oxidative stress. Also, the mechanism based on advanced glycation end products (AGEs)/receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)/NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox-4) was activated in diabetic rats. Separate consumption of garlic and C. colocynthis in Diabetic+G and Diabetic+C groups alleviated the negative adverse effect of diabetes to some extent, but when they were used in the combination form (Diabetic+GC) improvement was profound. Testis histopathology, increased body and testis weight, and enhanced capacity in protecting diabetic reproductive injury was seen. Decreases in testosterone and LH concentration and sperm count in diabetic rats were also reversed by combined administration of garlic and C. colocynthis. It regulated oxidative stress markers, meanwhile reducing caspase-3 immunoexpression. In addition, overexpression of RAGE, Nox-4 and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) was inhibited by the combination of garlic and C. colocynthis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diabetes mellitus is wide spread all around the world with variety of complications in body including reproductive system in which patients suffer from physical and psychological aspects. Despite many efforts in providing agents for controlling diabetes and its complications, economic conditions of some countries make it difficult for people to provide costly medicine and as a result, they have to bear the complications until they pass away. However, traditional medicine is still finding its way, especially in poor countries with emphasis on medicinal plants. There have been many studies on plants to alleviate diabetes or its side effects. But, using one plant for long term, may be not so effective. Here, we attempted to find whether two plants from two different species can show more efficacy than each one alone. We noticed garlic and Citrullus colocynthis despite having beneficial effects when used alone, they could show synergistic effects in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aghileh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Gol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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12
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Guo B, Chou F, Huang L, Yin F, Fang J, Wang JB, Jia Z. Recent insights into oxidative metabolism of quercetin: catabolic profiles, degradation pathways, catalyzing metalloenzymes and molecular mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1312-1339. [PMID: 36037033 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2115456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is the most abundant polyphenolic flavonoid (flavonol subclass) in vegetal foods and medicinal plants. This dietary chemopreventive agent has drawn significant interest for its multiple beneficial health effects ("polypharmacology") largely associated with the well-documented antioxidant properties. However, controversies exist in the literature due to its dual anti-/pro-oxidant character, poor stability/bioavailability but multifaceted bioactivities, leaving much confusion as to its exact roles in vivo. Increasing evidence indicates that a prior oxidation of quercetin to generate an array of chemical diverse products with redox-active/electrophilic moieties is emerging as a new linkage to its versatile actions. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the oxidative conversion of quercetin by systematically analyzing the current quercetin-related knowledge, with a particular focus on the complete spectrum of metabolite products, the enzymes involved in the catabolism and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Herein we review and compare the oxidation pathways, protein structures and catalytic patterns of the related metalloenzymes (phenol oxidases, heme enzymes and specially quercetinases), aiming for a deeper mechanistic understanding of the unusual biotransformation behaviors of quercetin and its seemingly controversial biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Chou
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Libin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Feifan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zongchao Jia
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Biological Activities Underlying the Therapeutic Effect of Quercetin on Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:5665778. [PMID: 35915741 PMCID: PMC9338876 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5665778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder stemming from unrestrained immune activation and subsequent destruction of colon tissue. Genetic susceptibility, microbiota remodeling, and environmental cues are involved in IBD pathogenesis. Up to now, there are limited treatment options for IBD, so better therapies for IBD are eagerly needed. The therapeutic effects of naturally occurring compounds have been extensively investigated, among which quercetin becomes an attractive candidate owing to its unique biochemical properties. To facilitate the clinical translation of quercetin, we aimed to get a comprehensive understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-IBD role of quercetin. We summarized that quercetin exerts the anti-IBD effect through consolidating the intestinal mucosal barrier, enhancing the diversity of colonic microbiota, restoring local immune homeostasis, and restraining the oxidative stress response. We also delineated the effect of quercetin on gut microbiome and discussed the potential side effects of quercetin administration. Besides, quercetin could serve as a prodrug, and the bioavailability of quercetin is improved through chemical modifications or the utilization of effective drug delivery systems. Altogether, these lines of evidence hint the feasibility of quercetin as a candidate compound for IBD treatment.
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Mohd Nor NA, Budin SB, Zainalabidin S, Jalil J, Sapian S, Jubaidi FF, Mohamad Anuar NN. The Role of Polyphenol in Modulating Associated Genes in Diabetes-Induced Vascular Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126396. [PMID: 35742837 PMCID: PMC9223817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-induced vascular disorder is considered one of the deadly risk factors among diabetic patients that are caused by persistent hyperglycemia that eventually leads to cardiovascular diseases. Elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to high blood glucose levels activate signaling pathways such as AGE/RAGE, PKC, polyol, and hexosamine pathways. The activated signaling pathway triggers oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis which later lead to vascular dysfunction induced by diabetes. Polyphenol is a bioactive compound that can be found abundantly in plants such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and nuts. This compound exerts therapeutic effects in alleviating diabetes-induced vascular disorder, mainly due to its potential as an anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic agent. In this review, we sought to summarize the recent discovery of polyphenol treatments in modulating associated genes involved in the progression of diabetes-induced vascular disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Anizah Mohd Nor
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.A.M.N.); (S.B.B.); (S.S.); (F.F.J.)
- PICOMS International University College, Taman Batu Muda, Batu Caves, Kuala Lumpur 68100, Malaysia
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.A.M.N.); (S.B.B.); (S.S.); (F.F.J.)
| | - Satirah Zainalabidin
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Center for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Syaifuzah Sapian
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.A.M.N.); (S.B.B.); (S.S.); (F.F.J.)
| | - Fatin Farhana Jubaidi
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.A.M.N.); (S.B.B.); (S.S.); (F.F.J.)
| | - Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-92897134
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Vascular Protective Effect and Its Possible Mechanism of Action on Selected Active Phytocompounds: A Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3311228. [PMID: 35469164 PMCID: PMC9034927 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3311228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction is characterized by an imbalance of vasodilation and vasoconstriction, deficiency of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and proinflammatory factors. This dysfunction is a key to the early pathological development of major cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. Therefore, modulation of the vascular endothelium is considered an important therapeutic strategy to maintain the health of the cardiovascular system. Epidemiological studies have shown that regular consumption of medicinal plants, fruits, and vegetables promotes vascular health, lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This is mainly attributed to the phytochemical compounds contained in these resources. Various databases, including Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Directory of Open Access Journals, were searched to identify studies demonstrating the vascular protective effects of phytochemical compounds. The literature had revealed abundant data on phytochemical compounds protecting and improving the vascular system. Of the numerous compounds reported, curcumin, resveratrol, cyanidin-3-glucoside, berberine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and quercetin are discussed in this review to provide recent information on their vascular protective mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Phytochemical compounds are promising therapeutic agents for vascular dysfunction due to their antioxidative mechanisms. However, future human studies will be necessary to confirm the clinical effects of these vascular protective mechanisms.
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16
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Fabrication and evaluation of nanoencapsulated quercetin for wound healing application. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Wattanapitayakul SK, Kunchana K, Jarisarapurin W, Chularojmontri L. Screening of potential tropical fruits in protecting endothelial dysfunction in vitro. Food Nutr Res 2021; 65:7807. [PMID: 34539312 PMCID: PMC8432071 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.7807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables reduces the endothelial damage involved in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. Objective To evaluate the phytochemical content, antioxidant and scavenging activities (FRAP, ORAC, OH•, HOCl, H2O2, and O2 -), endothelial H2O2-cytoprotective effect, nitric oxide (NO) release activation potential, and endothelial wound healing properties of 10 tropical fruits, comprising pineapple, sugar apple, papaya fruit, longan, mangosteen, lychee, langsat, mango, rambutan, and guava. Design Experimental study. The experiments were conducted in vitro using endothelial cell line EA.hy926. Results The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of gallic acid and quercetin in all fruits, along with the overall absence of ellagic acid. Chlorogenic acid was only detected in three fruits, that is, pineapple, ripe papaya, and guava. The antioxidant and scavenging activities of all fruits were concentration-dependent. Only the H2O2 scavenging activity exhibited broad positive associations with other ROS-scavenging activities. Sugar apple and unripe papaya induced a significant reduction in H2O2-induced cell death in endothelial cells while pineapple, sugar apple, longan, and langsat activated NO release. Discussion All the studied tropical fruits contained bioactive phytoantioxidants with wide ranges of antioxidant capacity and scavenging activities. The endothelial functional tests were relevant to the screening for fruits that may benefit cardiovascular health. Among the four fruits that promoted endothelial wound closure, only sugar apple and unripe papaya induced cell migration and vascular capillary-like tube formation. Conclusion Sugar apple and unripe papaya are potential functional fruits that can protect against oxidative cell death and enhance endothelial wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khwandow Kunchana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Linda Chularojmontri
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Zhang S, Xu M, Zhang W, Liu C, Chen S. Natural Polyphenols in Metabolic Syndrome: Protective Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116110. [PMID: 34204038 PMCID: PMC8201163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic disease, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. It should be noted that the occurrence of MetS is closely related to oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, ectopic fat accumulation, and the impairment of the antioxidant system, which in turn further aggravates the intracellular oxidative imbalance and inflammatory response. As enriched anti-inflammatory and antioxidant components in plants, natural polyphenols exhibit beneficial effects, including improving liver fat accumulation and dyslipidemia, reducing blood pressure. Hence, they are expected to be useful in the prevention and management of MetS. At present, epidemiological studies indicate a negative correlation between polyphenol intake and MetS incidence. In this review, we summarized and discussed the most promising natural polyphenols (including flavonoid and non-flavonoid drugs) in the precaution and treatment of MetS, including their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as their regulatory functions involved in glycolipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Siyu Chen
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-25-86185645
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Zhou L, Luo M, Tian R, Zeng XP, Peng YY, Lu N. Generation of a Bovine Serum Albumin-Diligand Complex for the Protection of Bioactive Quercetin and Suppression of Heme Toxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:920-928. [PMID: 33464047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As an abundant protein in milk and blood serum, bovine serum albumin (BSA) contains various sites to bind a lot of bioactive components, generating BSA-monoligand complex. Demonstration of the interaction between BSA and bioactive components (such as heme, flavonoids) is important to develop effective carrier for the protection of bioactive ligands and to reduce cytotoxicity of heme. Herein, the bindings of BSA to quercetin and/or heme were investigated by multispectroscopic and molecular docking methods. The fluorescence of protein was significantly quenched by both quercetin and heme in a static mode (i.e., generation of BSA-ligand complex). Although quercetin had lower affinity to protein than heme, the interactions of both compounds with protein did locate in site I (i.e., subdomain IIA). BSA-diligand complex was successfully generated after the coaddition of quercetin and heme. The cytotoxicity of free heme to endothelial cells was reduced in the BSA-diligand complex relative to that of heme or BSA-monoligand complex, while the stability of bioactive quercetin was promoted in the complex relative to free flavonoid. The complex provided a better inhibition on the cytotoxicity of heme than BSA-monoligand complex, in which the copresence of quercetin played a vital role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China
| | - Mengjuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China
| | - Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China
| | - Xing-Ping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China
| | - Yi-Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China
| | - Naihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China
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