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Li J, Deng Y, Wang Y, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Kuca K. Mycotoxins Have a Potential of Inducing Cell Senescence: A New Understanding of Mycotoxin Immunotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104188. [PMID: 37331672 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins result in immune dysfunction and cause immune diseases in animals and humans. However, the mechanisms of immunotoxicity involved in mycotoxins have not been fully explored, and emerging evidence suggests that these toxins may promote their immunotoxicity via cellular senescence. Mycotoxins induce cell senescence after DNA damage, and activate signaling via the NF-κB and JNK pathways to promote the secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. DNA damage can also over-activate or cleave poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), increase the expression of cell cycle inhibitory proteins p21, and p53, and induce cell cycle arrest and then senescence. These senescent cells further down-regulate proliferation-related genes and overexpress inflammatory factors resulting in chronic inflammation and eventual immune exhaustion. Here we review the underlying mechanisms by which mycotoxins trigger cell senescence and the potential roles of SASP and PARP in these pathways. This work will help to further understand the mechanisms of immunotoxicity involved in mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Ying Deng
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yating Wang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 50003, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 50003, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Reseaerch Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Zhou Y, Fu R, Yang M, Liu W, Tong Z. Lycopene suppresses gastric cancer cell growth without affecting normal gastric epithelial cells. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 116:109313. [PMID: 36871837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Lycopene, a natural carotenoid, has potent antioxidant activity and anti-cancer effects against several types of cancers. However, the mechanism for the anti-gastric cancer effects of lycopene remains to be fully clarified. Normal gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 and gastric cancer cell line AGS, SGC-7901, Hs746T cells were treated with different concentrations of lycopene and the effects of lycopene were compared. Lycopene specifically suppressed cell growth monitored by Real-Time Cell Analyzer, induced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis detected by flow cytometry, and lowered mitochondrial membrane potentials assessed by JC-1 staining of AGS and SGC-7901 cells, while did not affect those of GES-1 cells. Lycopene did not affect the cell growth of Hs746T cells harboring TP53 mutation. Further bioinformatics analysis predicted 57 genes with up-regulated expression levels in gastric cancer and decreased function in cells after lycopene treatment. Quantitative PCR and Western Blot were used to check the critical factors in the cell cycle and apoptosis signaling pathway. Lycopene decreased the high expression levels of CCNE1 and increased the levels of TP53 in AGS and SGC-7901 cells without affecting those in GES-1 cells. In summary, lycopene could effectively suppress gastric cancer cells with CCNE1-amplification, which could be a promising target therapy reagent for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medicine Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rishun Fu
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medicine Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Yang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medicine Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihuang Liu
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medicine Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zan Tong
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medicine Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Wang B, Cui S, Mao B, Zhang Q, Tian F, Zhao J, Tang X, Chen W. Cyanidin Alleviated CCl 4-Induced Acute Liver Injury by Regulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122383. [PMID: 36552590 PMCID: PMC9774769 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury has multiple causes and can result in liver failure. In this study, we evaluated the hepatoprotective ability of cyanidin (Cy) and investigated its associated mechanisms. Cy administration significantly and dose-dependently ameliorated acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). High-dose Cy showed effects comparable to those achieved by the positive control (silymarin). Severe oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the liver tissue induced by CCl4 were significantly mitigated by Cy supplementation. The total antioxidant capacity and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were increased and the content of malondialdehyde, lipid peroxide, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were decreased. Additionally, the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways, which regulate antioxidative and inflammatory responses, were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay. Cy treatment not only increased Nrf2 transcription and expression but also decreased NF-κB signaling. Moreover, molecular docking simulation indicated that Cy had high affinity for Keap1 and NF-κB/p65, which may promote nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and inhibit that of NF-κB. In summary, Cy treatment exerted antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and ameliorated liver injury by increasing Nrf2 and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, demonstrating the potential of Cy as a therapeutic agent in liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shumao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Sun N, Yang T, Tang Y, Zhao Y, Wang H, Zhao S, Tan H, Li L, Fan H. Lycopene Alleviates Chronic Stress-Induced Liver Injury by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Apoptosis in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14414-14426. [PMID: 36318656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the major organ of metabolism and is extremely vulnerable to chronic stress. Lycopene (LYC) is a natural carotenoid with potent antioxidant and chronic disease potential. However, whether LYC protects against chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced liver injury and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, rats were restrained for 21 days for 6 h per day, with or without gavage of LYC (10 mg/kg). Serum ALT (85.99 ± 4.07 U/L) and AST (181.78 ± 7.35 U/L) and scores of liver injury were significantly increased in the CRS group. LYC significantly promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, elevated the expression of antioxidant genes, and attenuated reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) levels within the liver. Cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and molecular docking results indicated that LYC competitively binds to Keap1 with the lowest molecule affinity of -9.0 kcal/mol. Moreover, LYC significantly relieved the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum swelling and decreased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) hallmarks like GRP78, CHOP, and cleaved caspase-12. Meanwhile, LYC also mitigated CRS-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. Interestingly, every other day, the intraperitoneal injection of the Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol (0.4 mg/kg) significantly counteracted the protective effect of LYC. In conclusion, LYC protects against CRS-induced liver injury by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, scavenging ROS, and further attenuating ERS-associated apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Tang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Haoyang Tan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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Zhao Y, Wang C, Yang T, Wang H, Zhao S, Sun N, Chen Y, Zhang H, Fan H. Chlorogenic Acid Alleviates Chronic Stress-Induced Duodenal Ferroptosis via the Inhibition of the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4353-4361. [PMID: 35380825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress causes duodenal damage, in which iron death is likely to play an important role. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), one of the most widely consumed dietary polyphenols, has been shown to protect the intestine. However, it is unclear whether CGA exerts a duodenoprotective effect in chronic stress by inhibiting ferroptosis. In this work, rats were daily exposed to restraint stress for 6 h over 21 consecutive days, with/without CGA (100 mg/kg, gavage). CGA reduced blood hepcidin, iron, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ferroportin 1 (FPN1) levels and upregulated the levels of ferroptosis-related biomarkers (GPX4, GSH, NADPH, etc.). These results confirmed that CGA inhibited ferroptosis in the duodenum. Furthermore, the use of S3I-201 (STAT3 inhibitor) helped to further clarify the mechanism of action of CGA. Overall, CGA could reduce hepcidin production by inhibiting the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in the liver to increase the expression of FPN1 in the duodenum, which restored iron homeostasis and inhibited ferroptosis, alleviating chronic stress-induced duodenal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chuqiao Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuping Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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