1
|
Liu J, Lin M, Han P, Yao G, Jiang H. Biosynthesis Progress of High-Energy-Density Liquid Fuels Derived from Terpenes. Microorganisms 2024; 12:706. [PMID: 38674649 PMCID: PMC11052473 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
High-energy-density liquid fuels (HED fuels) are essential for volume-limited aerospace vehicles and could serve as energetic additives for conventional fuels. Terpene-derived HED biofuel is an important research field for green fuel synthesis. The direct extraction of terpenes from natural plants is environmentally unfriendly and costly. Designing efficient synthetic pathways in microorganisms to achieve high yields of terpenes shows great potential for the application of terpene-derived fuels. This review provides an overview of the current research progress of terpene-derived HED fuels, surveying terpene fuel properties and the current status of biosynthesis. Additionally, we systematically summarize the engineering strategies for biosynthesizing terpenes, including mining and engineering terpene synthases, optimizing metabolic pathways and cell-level optimization, such as the subcellular localization of terpene synthesis and adaptive evolution. This article will be helpful in providing insight into better developing terpene-derived HED fuels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China; (J.L.)
| | - Man Lin
- College of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 644005, China
| | - Penggang Han
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China; (J.L.)
| | - Ge Yao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China; (J.L.)
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China; (J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma M, Li M, Wu Z, Liang X, Zheng Q, Li D, Wang G, An T. The microbial biosynthesis of noncanonical terpenoids. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:226. [PMID: 38381229 PMCID: PMC10881772 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13048-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Terpenoids are a class of structurally complex, naturally occurring compounds found predominantly in plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolites. Classical terpenoids typically have carbon atoms in multiples of five and follow well-defined carbon skeletons, whereas noncanonical terpenoids deviate from these patterns. These noncanonical terpenoids often result from the methyltransferase-catalyzed methylation modification of substrate units, leading to irregular carbon skeletons. In this comprehensive review, various activities and applications of these noncanonical terpenes have been summarized. Importantly, the review delves into the biosynthetic pathways of noncanonical terpenes, including those with C6, C7, C11, C12, and C16 carbon skeletons, in bacteria and fungi host. It also covers noncanonical triterpenes synthesized from non-squalene substrates and nortriterpenes in Ganoderma lucidum, providing detailed examples to elucidate the intricate biosynthetic processes involved. Finally, the review outlines the potential future applications of noncanonical terpenoids. In conclusion, the insights gathered from this review provide a reference for understanding the biosynthesis of these noncanonical terpenes and pave the way for the discovery of additional unique and novel noncanonical terpenes. KEY POINTS: •The activities and applications of noncanonical terpenoids are introduced. •The noncanonical terpenoids with irregular carbon skeletons are presented. •The microbial biosynthesis of noncanonical terpenoids is summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Ma
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Mingkai Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Zhenke Wu
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiqin Liang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Defang Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Guoli Wang
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Tianyue An
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang ZY, Taizoumbe KA, Liang C, Goldfuss B, Xu JH, Dickschat JS. Spiroluchuene A Synthase: A Cyclase from Aspergillus luchuensis Forming a Spirotetracyclic Diterpene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315659. [PMID: 37962519 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The diterpene synthase AlTS was identified from Aspergillus luchuensis. AlTS catalyses the formation of the diterpene hydrocarbon spiroluchuene A, which exhibits a novel skeleton characterised by a spirocyclic ring system. The cyclisation mechanism towards this compound was elucidated through isotopic labelling experiments in conjunction with DFT calculations and metadynamic simulations. The biosynthetic intermediate luchudiene, besides the derivative spiroluchuene B, was captured from an enzyme variant obtained through site-directed mutagenesis. With its 10-membered ring luchudiene is structurally related to germacrenes and can undergo a Cope rearrangement to luchuelemene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Kizerbo A Taizoumbe
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Chengqin Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Bernd Goldfuss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 4, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Virués-Segovia JR, Millán C, Pinedo C, González-Rodríguez VE, Papaspyrou S, Zorrilla D, Mackenzie TA, Ramos MC, de la Cruz M, Aleu J, Durán-Patrón R. New Eremophilane-Type Sesquiterpenes from the Marine Sediment-Derived Fungus Emericellopsis maritima BC17 and Their Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activities. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:634. [PMID: 38132955 PMCID: PMC10745059 DOI: 10.3390/md21120634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungal strain BC17 was isolated from sediments collected in the intertidal zone of the inner Bay of Cadiz and characterized as Emericellopsis maritima. On the basis of the one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach, four new eremophilane-type sesquiterpenes (1-4), together with thirteen known derivatives (5-17) and two reported diketopiperazines (18, 19), were isolated from this strain. The chemical structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined through extensive NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic studies and ECD calculation. Thirteen of the isolated eremophilanes were examined for cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. PR toxin (16) exhibited cytotoxic activity against HepG2, MCF-7, A549, A2058, and Mia PaCa-2 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 3.75 to 33.44 µM. (+)-Aristolochene (10) exhibited selective activity against the fungal strains Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC46645 and Candida albicans ATCC64124 at 471 µM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge R. Virués-Segovia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; (J.R.V.-S.); (C.M.); (C.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomoléculas (INBIO), Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Carlos Millán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; (J.R.V.-S.); (C.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristina Pinedo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; (J.R.V.-S.); (C.M.); (C.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomoléculas (INBIO), Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Victoria E. González-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Biomedicina, Biotecnología y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain;
| | - Sokratis Papaspyrou
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain;
| | - David Zorrilla
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario Puerto Real s/n, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain;
| | - Thomas A. Mackenzie
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Fundación MEDINA, 18016 Granada, Spain; (T.A.M.); (M.C.R.); (M.d.l.C.)
| | - María C. Ramos
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Fundación MEDINA, 18016 Granada, Spain; (T.A.M.); (M.C.R.); (M.d.l.C.)
| | - Mercedes de la Cruz
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Fundación MEDINA, 18016 Granada, Spain; (T.A.M.); (M.C.R.); (M.d.l.C.)
| | - Josefina Aleu
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; (J.R.V.-S.); (C.M.); (C.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomoléculas (INBIO), Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Rosa Durán-Patrón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; (J.R.V.-S.); (C.M.); (C.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomoléculas (INBIO), Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|