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Wang Z, Li L, Yan H, Li W, Pang Y, Yuan Y. Salidroside Ameliorates Furan-Induced Testicular Inflammation in Relation to the Gut-Testis Axis and Intestinal Apoptosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17968-17987. [PMID: 37943949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Furan is a heat-induced food contaminant, and it causes damage to visceral organs, including the testis. To determine the mechanism of the damage to the testis, a mouse model treated with furan (8 mg/kg bw/day) and salidroside (SAL, 10/20/40 mg/kg bw/day) was established, and levels of testicular functional markers and changes of morphology were investigated in furan-induced mice treated with SAL. The change in related proteins and genes suggested that SAL restored the furan-mediated leaky tight junction and triggered the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome together with inflammation. To find out the gut-testis axis, microbiota PICRUSt analysis and correlation analysis were conducted to investigate the core microbiota and metabolites. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related key protein levels and the result of transmission electron microscopy suggested that SAL inhibited the furan-induced intestinal ERS. The result of TUNEL and levels of apoptosis-related proteins suggested that furan-induced intestinal apoptosis was alleviated by SAL. Collectively, SAL inhibited furan-induced ERS-mediated intestinal apoptosis through modulation of intestinal flora and metabolites, thus strengthening the gut barrier. It inhibited LPS from entering the circulatory system and suppressed the testicular TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome, which alleviated testicular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Lu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Haiyang Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Wenliang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Yong Pang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130062
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2
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Kasprzyk PG, Tremaine L, Fahmi OA, Weng JK. In Vitro Evaluation of the Potential for Drug Interactions by Salidroside. Nutrients 2023; 15:3723. [PMID: 37686755 PMCID: PMC10489644 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies utilizing Rhodiola rosea, which contains a complex mixture of phytochemicals, reported some positive drug-drug interaction (DDI) findings based on in vitro CYP450's enzyme inhibition, MAO-A and MAO-B inhibition, and preclinical pharmacokinetic studies in either rats or rabbits. However, variation in and multiplicity of constituents present in Rhodiola products is a cause for concern for accurately evaluating drug-drug interaction (DDI) risk. In this report, we examined the effects of bioengineered, nature-identical salidroside on the inhibition potential of salidroside on CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 utilizing human liver microsomes, the induction potential of salidroside on CYP1A2, CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 in cryopreserved human hepatocytes, the inhibitory potential of salidroside against recombinant human MAO-A and MAO-B, and the OATP human uptake transport inhibitory potential of salidroside using transfected HEK293-OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 cells. The results demonstrate that the bioengineered salidroside at a concentration exceeding the predicted plasma concentrations of <2 µM (based on 60 mg PO) shows no risk for drug-drug interaction due to CYP450, MAO enzymes, or OATP drug transport proteins. Our current studies further support the safe use of salidroside in combination with other drugs cleared by CYP or MAO metabolism or OATP-mediated disposition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larry Tremaine
- Tremaine DMPK Consulting, LLC, Merritt Island, FL 32899, USA;
| | | | - Jing-Ke Weng
- DoubleRainbow Biosciences Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA;
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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3
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Salidroside attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via AMPK-induced suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial fission. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 448:116093. [PMID: 35659894 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the primary cause of death worldwide. Salidroside (Sal), the major active compound derived from Rhodiola rosea, is believed to have cardioprotective effects. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), is a pivotal AMP-activated protein kinase in energy metabolism. Whether Sal plays an anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress/mitochondrial fission role through AMPK remains elusive. In this study, we established a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rat model. Rat hearts exposed to Sal with or without compound C were then subjected to I/R. Further, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were subjected to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SIR) by hypoxia-reoxygenation. The rats and cardiomyocytes were pretreated with Sal, followed by Compound C and AMPK-siRNA to block AMPK activity. We found that Sal significantly ameliorated cardiac function, mitigated infarct size and serum content of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase, improved mitochondrial function, and reduced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Furthermore, in cultured H9c2 cardiomyocytes, Sal increased the cell viability and inhibited SIR-induced myocardial apoptosis and mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, the translocation of Drp1 from the cytoplasm to mitochondria induced by salidroside was confirmed both in vivo and in vitro. However, the use of Compound C or AMPK siRNA to block AMPK activity leads to blockade of the protective effects of Sal. In summary, protects against myocardial I/R by activating the AMPK signaling pathway, inhibiting ER stress, and reducing mitochondrial fission and apoptosis.
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Lack of salidroside impact on selected cytochromes encoding genes transcription in the liver of ethanol induced rats. HERBA POLONICA 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2021-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Introduction: The molecular basis of in vivo metabolism of selected representatives of phenylethanoids in the presence of ethanol has not been fully elucidated.
Objective: The aim was to estimate a salidroside (Sal) metabolism in the liver tissue in rats with induced alcohol tolerance by assessing changes in the transcription of genes encoding cytochromes: CYP1A2, 2D2, 3A1, 2C23.
Methods: cDNA was synthesized from total RNA isolated from rat liver samples. mRNA level changes were evaluated using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) technique.
Results: Ethanol caused a significant induction of the CYP1A2 and CYP2C23 genes transcription, and a decrease in the CYP3A1 mRNA level, predominantly without statistical significance. A statistically significant increase of the CYP1A2 mRNA level was observed in the group receiving only Sal (4.5 mg/kg b.w.; p.o.) (p<0.01).
Conclusions: There was no unequivocal effect of salidroside on the transcription of investigated cytochrome genes in the liver of rats with induced alcohol tolerance.
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Xie L, Wang Y, Yin H, Li J, Xu Z, Sun Z, Liu F, Zhang X, Liu S, Sun J, Tian X, Huang C. Identification of the absorbed ingredients and metabolites in rats after an intravenous administration of Tanreqing injection using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2097-2112. [PMID: 33719190 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic profiles of Tanreqing injection, which is a traditional Chinese medicine recommended for complementary administration to treat a novel coronavirus, have remained unclear, which inhibit the understanding of the effective chemical compounds of Tanreqing injection. In this study, a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was used to identify the compounds and metabolites in various biosamples, including plasma, bile, liver, lung, kidney, urine, and feces, following the intravenous administration of Tanreqing injection in rats. A total of 89 compounds were characterized in the biosamples of Tanreqing injection-treated rats including 25 precursor constituents and 64 metabolites. Nine flavonoid compounds, twelve phenolic acids, and four iridoid glycosides were identified in the rats. Their metabolites were mainly produced by glucuronidation, deglucuronidation, glycosylation, deglycosylation, methylation, demethylation, N-heterocyclisation, sulphation, dehydroxylation, decarboxylation, dehydration, hydroxylation, and corresponding recombination reactions. This study was the first to comprehensively investigate the metabolic profile of Tanreqing injection and provides a scientific basis to further elucidate the pharmacodynamic material basis and therapeutic mechanism of Tanreqing injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Like Xie
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hao Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolin Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Shanghai Kaibao Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyong Liu
- Shanghai Kaibao Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Sun
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chenggang Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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Ke Z, Ting L, Xing-Cheng G, Li-Bo C, Jun L, Peng-Fei T, Qing-Qing S, Yue-Lin S. Online energy-resolved MS boosts the potential of LC-MS towards metabolite characterization of salidroside and tyrosol. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5120-5127. [PMID: 33057462 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01639j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although currently serving as the workhorse for metabolite characterization, one of the most challenging tasks for LC-MS is isomeric differentiation because isomers frequently yield identical quasi-molecular ions and fragmented ion species. Our previous studies have demonstrated that online energy-resolved MS (ER-MS) is an orthogonal technique for MS/MS experiments to facilitate isomeric identification. Herein, attempts were made for the in-depth characterization of the metabolic profiles of an effective natural product named salidroside (SA) in rats using LC coupled with three-dimensional mass spectrometry (LC-3D MS) that was configured by MS1, MS2 and online ER-MS as 1st, 2nd, and 3rd dimensions, respectively. Moreover, the metabolism characterization of its aglycone, namely, tyrosol (Try) was conducted in parallel to aid in proposing metabolic pathways. High-resolution MS1 and MS2 spectra were acquired by IT-TOF-MS, and subsequent data processing provided theoretical formula and sub-structures for each metabolite. Subsequently, online ER-MS was conducted for precursor > product ion transitions-of-interest to offer linkage information among the sub-structures via building breakdown graphs. As a result, ten (M1-10) and nine (M1, M2, and M5-11) metabolites were detected in SA- and Tyr-administrated biological samples, respectively, and their structures were qualitatively identified. Crucial metabolism occurred for either component. SA initially underwent hydrolysis to produce Tyr, and subsequently hydroxylation, oxidation, glucuronidation, and sulfation were observed as the primary metabolic pathways. To summarize, the metabolic fate of SA was understood in depth, and Tyr, as the hydrolytic product, was responsible for the occurrences of most metabolites (M1, M2, and M5-10). More importantly, identification confidences of the metabolites were significantly advanced by LC-3D MS, suggesting that it is eligible to serve as an integral part of the analyst's toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ke
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Magani SKJ, Mupparthi SD, Gollapalli BP, Shukla D, Tiwari AK, Gorantala J, Yarla NS, Tantravahi S. Salidroside - Can it be a Multifunctional Drug? Curr Drug Metab 2020; 21:512-524. [PMID: 32520682 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200610172105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salidroside is a glucoside of tyrosol found mostly in the roots of Rhodiola spp. It exhibits diverse biological and pharmacological properties. In the last decade, enormous research is conducted to explore the medicinal properties of salidroside; this research reported many activities like anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, anti-depressant, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, etc. Objective: Despite its multiple pharmacological effects, a comprehensive review detailing its metabolism and therapeutic activities is still missing. This review aims to provide an overview of the metabolism of salidroside, its role in alleviating different metabolic disorders, diseases and its molecular interaction with the target molecules in different conditions. This review mostly concentrates on the metabolism, biological activities and molecular pathways related to various pharmacological activities of salidroside. CONCLUSION Salidroside is produced by a three-step pathway in the plants with tyrosol as an intermediate molecule. The molecule is biotransformed into many metabolites through phase I and II pathways. These metabolites, together with a certain amount of salidroside may be responsible for various pharmacological functions. The salidroside based inhibition of PI3k/AKT, JAK/ STAT, and MEK/ERK pathways and activation of apoptosis and autophagy are the major reasons for its anti-cancer activity. AMPK pathway modulation plays a significant role in its anti-diabetic activity. The neuroprotective activity was linked with decreased oxidative stress and increased antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, decreased inflammation through suppression of NF-κB pathway and PI3K/AKT pathways. These scientific findings will pave the way to clinically translate the use of salidroside as a multi-functional drug for various diseases and disorders in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dhananjay Shukla
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - A K Tiwari
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Bhanvar Singh Porte Government College, Pendra Bilaspur, India
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Fan F, Yang L, Li R, Zou X, Li N, Meng X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Salidroside as a potential neuroprotective agent for ischemic stroke: a review of sources, pharmacokinetics, mechanism and safety. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110458. [PMID: 32603893 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salidroside (Sal) is a bioactive extract principally from traditional herbal medicine such as Rhodiola rosea L., which has been commonly used for hundreds of years in Asia countries. The excellent neuroprotective capacity of Sal has been illuminated in recent studies. This work focused on the source, pharmacokinetics, safety and anti-ischemic stroke (IS) effect of Sal, especially emphasizing its mechanism of action and BBB permeability. Extensive databases, including Pubmed, Web of science (WOS), Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), were applied to obtain relevant online literatures. Sal exerts powerful therapeutic effects on IS in experimental models either in vitro or in vivo due to its neuroprotection, with significantly diminishing infarct size, preventing cerebral edema and improving neurological function. Also, the findings suggest the underlying mechanisms involve anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis by regulating multiple signaling pathways and key molecules, such as NF-κB, TNF-α and PI3K/Akt pathway. In pharmacokinetics, although showing a rapid absorption and elimination, bioavailability of Sal is elevated under some non-physiological conditions. The component and its metabolite (tyrosol) are capable of distributing to brain tissue and the later keeps a higher level of concentration. Moreover, Sal scarcely has obvious toxicity or side effects in a variety of animal experiments and clinical trials, but combination of drugs and perinatal use of medicine should be taken more attentions. Finally, as an active ingredient, not only is Sal isolated from diverse plants with limited yield, but also large batches of the products can be harvested by biological and chemical synthesis. With higher efficacy and better safety profiles, Sal could sever as a promising neuroprotectant for preventing and treating IS. Nevertheless, further investigations are still required to explore the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of Sal in the treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Fan
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Rui Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xuemei Zou
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ning Li
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Wang K, Qi T, Guo L, Ma Z, Gu G, Xiao M, Lu L. Enzymatic Glucosylation of Salidroside from Starch by α-Amylase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:2012-2019. [PMID: 30678460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
α-Amylases are among the most important and widely used industrial enzymes for starch processing. In this work, an α-amylase from Bacillus subtilis XL8 was purified and found to possess both hydrolysis and transglycosylation activities. The optimal pH and temperature for starch hydrolysis were pH 5.0 and 70 °C, respectively. The enzyme could degrade soluble starch into beneficial malto-oligosaccharides ranging from dimer to hexamer. More importantly, it was able to catalyze α-glycosyl transfer from the soluble starch to salidroside, a medicinal plant-derived component with broad pharmacological properties. The transglycosylation reaction catalyzed by the enzyme generated six derivatives in a total high yield of 73.4% when incubating with 100 mg/mL soluble starch and 50 mM salidroside (pH 7.5) at 50 °C for 2 h. These derivatives were identified as α-1,4-glucosyl, maltosyl, maltotriosyl, maltotetraosyl, maltopentaosyl, and maltohexaosyl salidrosides, respectively. They were novel promising compounds that might integrate the bioactive functions of malto-oligosaccharides and salidroside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , PR China
| | - Tingting Qi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Longcheng Guo
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Zhongxuan Ma
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Min Xiao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
| | - Lili Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , PR China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , PR China
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Li Y, Zhao Y, Li X, Liu T, Jiang X, Han F. Characterization of global metabolic profile of Rhodiola crenulata after oral administration in rat plasma, urine, bile and feces based on UHPLC-FT-ICR MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 149:318-328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Liao X, Hu F, Chen Z. Identification and Quantitation of the Bioactive Components in Osmanthus fragrans Fruits by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:359-367. [PMID: 29224349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Information on the chemical composition of Osmanthus fragrans fruits is still limited because there are many compounds present in low concentrations in the plant. In this work, the bioactive components in O. fragrans fruit extract were investigated by a new high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method, which allows sensitive analysis both in identification and quantitation. A total of 28 compounds were tentatively identified, and 16 components were discovered in O. fragrans fruits for the first time. The validated quantitative methods for the determination of the bioactive components were subsequently applied to analyze batches of O. fragrans fruits from different cultivars, which is beneficial for the comprehensive utilization of O. fragrans fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 10080, China
| | - Fangli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 10080, China
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Qi T, Ge BK, Zhao L, Ma Y, Li XR, Xu PX, Xue M. Cytosolic β-glucosidase inhibition and renal blood flow suppression are leading causes for the enhanced systemic exposure of salidroside in hypoxic rats. RSC Adv 2018; 8:8469-8483. [PMID: 35539855 PMCID: PMC9078534 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13295f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The promising benefits of salidroside (SAL) in alleviating high altitude sickness boost investigations on its pharmacokinetics and biological activity. However, the transportation and disposition process of SAL under hypoxic conditions has never been explored. The current study was proposed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of SAL in hypoxic rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms for the distinct metabolic fate of SAL under hypoxia. Pharmacokinetic studies on SAL was conducted in both hypoxic and normoxic rats. The transport properties of SAL were investigated on both hypoxic and normoxic Caco-2 monolayer models. Enzymes involved in SAL metabolism were identified and the effects of hypoxia on these enzymes were assessed by real-time PCR, western blotting analyses, and rat liver homogenate incubation. The renal clearance (CLr) of SAL, effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in both hypoxic and normoxic rats were also determined for renal function assessment. It was found that the systemic exposure of SAL in hypoxic rats was remarkably higher than that in normoxic rats. The barrier function of Caco-2 monolayer was weakened under hypoxia due to the impaired brush border microvilli and decreased expression of tight junction protein. Hepatic metabolism of SAL in hypoxic rats was attenuated due to the reduced activity of cytosolic β-glucosidase (CBG). Moreover, CLr of SAL was reduced in hypoxic rats due to the suppressed ERPF. Our findings suggest the potential need for dose-adjustment of SAL or its structural analogs under hypoxic conditions. CBG inhibition and renal blood flow suppression are leading causes for the enhanced systemic exposure of SAL in hypoxic rats.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Qi
- Department of Pharmacology
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
| | - Bei-kang Ge
- Department of Pharmacology
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
| | - Yi Ma
- Department of Pharmacology
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
| | - Xiao-rong Li
- Department of Pharmacology
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
| | - Ping-xiang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
| | - Ming Xue
- Department of Pharmacology
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument
- School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
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Wang J, Shi Q, Wu C, Feng F. Dynamic metabolic profile of Zhi-Zi-Da-Huang decoction in rat urine based on hybrid liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry coupled with solid phase extraction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1036-1037:100-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Sun M, Luo Z, Liu Y, Yang R, Lu L, Yu G, Ma X, Liu A, Guo Y, Zhao H. Identification of the Major Components of Buddleja officinalis
Extract and Their Metabolites in Rat Urine by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap. J Food Sci 2016; 81:H2587-H2596. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Ruirui Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Lina Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Guohua Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Aoxue Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Yafang Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Inst. of Chinese Materia Medica; China Acad. of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing P.R. China
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15
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Xue Z, Yang B. Phenylethanoid Glycosides: Research Advances in Their Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activity and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2016; 21:E991. [PMID: 27483229 PMCID: PMC6273160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21080991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are widely distributed in traditional Chinese medicines as well as in other medicinal plants, and they were characterized by a phenethyl alcohol (C₆-C₂) moiety attached to a β-glucopyranose/β-allopyranose via a glycosidic bond. The outstanding activity of PhGs in diverse diseases proves their importance in medicinal chemistry research. This review summarizes new findings on PhGs over the past 10 years, concerning the new structures, their bioactivities, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and antivirus, cytotoxic, immunomodulatory, and enzyme inhibitory effects, and pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Xue
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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16
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Luo Z, Ma X, Liu Y, Lu L, Yang R, Yu G, Sun M, Xin S, Tian S, Chen X, Zhao H. An Approach to Characterizing the Complicated Sequential Metabolism of Salidroside in Rats. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21060706. [PMID: 27248984 PMCID: PMC6272855 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic study of bioactive compounds that undergo a dynamic and sequential process of metabolism is still a great challenge. Salidroside, one of the most active ingredients of Rhodiola crenulata, can be metabolized in different sites before being absorbed into the systemic blood stream. This study proposed an approach for describing the sequential biotransformation process of salidroside based on comparative analysis. In vitro incubation, in situ closed-loop and in vivo blood sampling were used to determine the relative contribution of each site to the total metabolism of salidroside. The results showed that salidroside was stable in digestive juice, and it was metabolized primarily by the liver and the intestinal flora and to a lesser extent by the gut wall. The sequential metabolism method described in this study could be a general approach to characterizing the metabolic routes in the digestive system for natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Lina Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Ruirui Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Guohua Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Mohan Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Shaokun Xin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Simin Tian
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Xinjing Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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