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Ren Y, Li WB, Li ZX, Zhang WL, Jue DW, Xing HT, Li HL, Li Q. Dynamic transcriptome profiling provides insights into rhizome enlargement in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287969. [PMID: 37450442 PMCID: PMC10348538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhizome is an economically important part of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.). However, the mechanism of ginger rhizome enlargement remains unclear. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of the hormone content and transcriptome of ginger at three rhizome enlargement stages: initial enlargement (S1), middle enlargement (S2), and peak enlargement (S3). With rhizome enlargement, the levels of the hormones zeatin (ZT), gibberellic acid (GA), indole acetic acid (IAA), and jasmonic acid (JA) were significantly increased, and this increase was positively correlated with rhizome diameter. Transcriptomic analysis identified a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs); the number of DEGs were 2,206 in the transition from S1 to S2, and 1,151 in the transition from S2 to S3. The expression of several genes related to hormone biosynthesis and signalling and cell division or expansion, and transcription factors was significantly altered, which suggests that these genes play essential roles in rhizome enlargement. The results of correlation analysis suggested that the process of ginger rhizome enlargement may be primarily related to the regulation of endogenous cytokinin, GA3, auxin, and JA biosynthesis pathways and signal transduction; GRAS, HB, MYB, MYB122, bZIP60, ARF1, ARF2, E2FB1, and E2FB2, which may regulate the expression of rhizome formation-related genes; and CYC2, CDKB1, CDKB2, EXPA1, and XTH7, which may mediate cell division and expansion. These results provide gene resources and information that will be useful for the molecular breeding in ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Bo Li
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Xin Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Lin Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Wei Jue
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai Tao Xing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Lei Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
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Proximate Composition, Physicochemical, Functional, and Antioxidant Properties of Flours from Selected Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) Varieties. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2021; 2021:6064545. [PMID: 34926679 PMCID: PMC8674075 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6064545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Cassava flour has a high potential to contribute as a raw material in the food industry. This study was aimed at characterizing flours from Sri Lankan cassava varieties with a view to explore the potential in food applications. Flours prepared from five cassava varieties, namely, Kirikawadi, MU51, Swarna, Shani, and Suranimala, were analyzed for proximate composition and physicochemical, functional, and antioxidant properties using standard methods. Flours from tested cassava varieties contained <1% crude fat and <2% crude protein. Flour from MU51 contained the highest amount of HCN (48.05 mg/kg) while flour from Suranimala contained the lowest (4.85 mg/kg). Total starch and amylose contents of flours were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of commercial wheat flour. Flour from Suranimala contained approximately similar amylopectin content as commercial wheat flour. Water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, water solubility index, swelling power, emulsion activity, and emulsion stability of flours from five cassava varieties were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of commercial wheat flour. Swarna was identified as the richest source of phenolic compounds (4.44 mmol GAE/100 g dry weight) among the five varieties. Results showed the promising application potential of flours from these five cassava varieties in different food applications such as weaning foods, bakery foods, and edible films.
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Coelho DG, Fonseca KS, de Mélo Neto DF, de Andrade MT, Coelho Junior LF, Ferreira-Silva SL, Simões ADN. Association of preharvest management with oxidative protection and enzymatic browning in minimally processed cassava. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12840. [PMID: 31353528 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine oxidative protection and enzymatic browning in the storage of minimally processed cassava and their relationship with population density and harvest age. Population densities were 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75 plants m-2 . After being harvested at 300, 360, or 420 days after planting, cassava were minimally processed and stored at 5 ± 2°C. It was observed that superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) play key roles in the tolerance of young roots to browning. Planting density, however, does not appear to be a key factor modulating the activity of the enzymes studied. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Younger harvested cassava roots, harvested at 300 days, are more tolerant to enzymatic browning. This appears to be in part due to enzymatic activity modulation of the SOD, CAT, and POD enzymes. In addition, it has been demonstrated that agronomic techniques aimed at increasing productivity, such as increasing the planting density of cassava, do not alter the biomarkers of postharvest quality. In summary, evidence that field management may be an efficient approach to improving the conservation of minimally processed cassava is provided. We believe that the findings of this paper will be of great interest regarding the influence of field management on the postharvest quality of freshly cut cassava and will also provide applicable results relating to its production chain.
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Giles JAD, Oliosi G, Rodrigues WP, Braun H, Ribeiro-Barros AI, Partelli FL. Agronomic performance and genetic divergence between genotypes of Manihot esculenta. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 90:3639-3648. [PMID: 30184017 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820180099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphoagronomic characterization of 12 genotypes of M. esculenta was performed during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop years. The 12 genotypes were planted in a randomized block design, with four replicates per genotype. Number of tuberous roots per plant, weight of tuberous roots, root yield, total plant weight, harvest index, plant height, height of first branch, number of shoots, stem diameter, number of buds, leaf dry weight and petiole length were evaluated. Genotypes "Camuquem" and "Goiás" were the most productive, and "Amarela" and "Gema de Ovo" were the most divergent. Seventy percent of genetic diversity was due to petiole length (22.86%), root yield (19.20%), weight of tuberous roots (14.89%) and number of buds (13.72%). Overall, the present results indicate a broad genetic basis for the evaluated genotypes, so that such genetic variation benefits the plant breeding for future scenarios Further studies of the evaluated genotypes should be performed under environmental limitations, using biochemical and molecular tools to identify markers for genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Antonio D Giles
- Departmento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo/UFES, Rod. BR 101, Km 60, Litorâneo, 29932-540 São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Gleison Oliosi
- Departmento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo/UFES, Rod. BR 101, Km 60, Litorâneo, 29932-540 São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Weverton P Rodrigues
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense-Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Heder Braun
- Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Paulo VI, Caixa Postal 09, 65055-098 São Luíz, MA, Brazil
| | - Ana I Ribeiro-Barros
- Grupo Interações Planta-Ambiente & Biodiversidade/PlantStress&Biodiversity, Centro de Investigação em Agronomia, Alimentos, Ambiente e Paisagem/LEAF, Departamento de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território/DRAT, Instituto Superior de Agronomia/ISA, Universidade de Lisboa/ULisboa, Qta. Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal.,GeoBioTec, Fac. Ciências Tecnologia/FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa/UNL, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Fábio L Partelli
- Departmento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo/UFES, Rod. BR 101, Km 60, Litorâneo, 29932-540 São Mateus, ES, Brazil
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Pérez Quiñones J, Brüggemann O, Kjems J, Shahavi MH, Peniche Covas C. Novel Brassinosteroid-Modified Polyethylene Glycol Micelles for Controlled Release of Agrochemicals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1612-1619. [PMID: 29378135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two synthetic analogues of brassinosteroids (DI31 and S7) exhibit good plant growth enhancer activity. However, their hydrophobicity and quick metabolism in plants have limited their application and benefits in agriculture. Our objective was to prepare novel brassinosteroid-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) micelles to achieve controlled release with extended stability while retaining agrochemical activity. Spectroscopic studies confirmed quantitative disubstitution of studied PEGs with the brassinosteroids, while elemental analysis assessed purity of the synthesized conjugates. Conjugates were also characterized by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. Dynamic and static light scattering showed stable and homogeneous approximately spherical micelles with average hydrodynamic diameters of 22-120 nm and almost neutral ζ potential. Spherical 30-140 nm micelles were observed by electron microscopy. Sustained in vitro releases at pH 5.5 were extended up to 96 h. Prepared PEG micelles showed good agrochemical activity in the radish seed bioassay and no cytotoxicity to the human microvascular endothelial cell line in the MTS test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Pérez Quiñones
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Hassan Shahavi
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus , 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Faculty of Engineering Modern Technologies, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies (AUSMT) , Amol, Iran
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Prediction of cassava protein interactome based on interolog method. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17206. [PMID: 29222529 PMCID: PMC5722940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cassava is a starchy root crop whose role in food security becomes more significant nowadays. Together with the industrial uses for versatile purposes, demand for cassava starch is continuously growing. However, in-depth study to uncover the mystery of cellular regulation, especially the interaction between proteins, is lacking. To reduce the knowledge gap in protein-protein interaction (PPI), genome-scale PPI network of cassava was constructed using interolog-based method (MePPI-In, available at http://bml.sbi.kmutt.ac.th/ppi). The network was constructed from the information of seven template plants. The MePPI-In included 90,173 interactions from 7,209 proteins. At least, 39 percent of the total predictions were found with supports from gene/protein expression data, while further co-expression analysis yielded 16 highly promising PPIs. In addition, domain-domain interaction information was employed to increase reliability of the network and guide the search for more groups of promising PPIs. Moreover, the topology and functional content of MePPI-In was similar to the networks of Arabidopsis and rice. The potential contribution of MePPI-In for various applications, such as protein-complex formation and prediction of protein function, was discussed and exemplified. The insights provided by our MePPI-In would hopefully enable us to pursue precise trait improvement in cassava.
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Justamante Händel Schmitz G, Gonçalves Peroni-Okita FH, Oliveira do Nascimento JR, Bombarda Campanha R, Losada Valle T, Landi Franco CM, Cordenunsi-Lysenko BR. Selected physicochemical properties of starches isolated from ten cassava varieties reveal novel industrial uses. STARCH-STARKE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201600272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - João Roberto Oliveira do Nascimento
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition Experimental, FCF; Universityof São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC - CEPID); São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Célia Maria Landi Franco
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology of Food; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); São José do Rio Preto SP Brazil
| | - Beatriz Rosana Cordenunsi-Lysenko
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition Experimental, FCF; Universityof São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC - CEPID); São Paulo Brazil
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