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Gong J, Li T, Li Y, Xiong X, Xu J, Chai X, Ma Y. UID-Dual Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis of the Molecular Interactions between Streptococcus agalactiae ATCC 27956 and Mammary Epithelial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2587. [PMID: 39272372 PMCID: PMC11393856 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae ATCC 27956 is a highly contagious Gram-positive bacterium that causes mastitis, has a high infectivity for mammary epithelial cells, and becomes challenging to treat. However, the molecular interactions between it and mammary epithelial cells remain poorly understood. This study analyzed differential gene expression in mammary epithelial cells with varying levels of S. agalactiae infection using UID-Dual transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics tools. This study identified 211 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 452 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in host cells, primarily enriched in anti-inflammatory responses, immune responses, and cancer-related processes. Additionally, 854 pathogen differentially expressed mRNAs (pDEmRNAs) were identified, mainly enriched in protein metabolism, gene expression, and biosynthesis processes. Mammary epithelial cells activate pathways, such as the ERK1/2 pathway, to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate bacteria. The bacteria disrupt the host's innate immune mechanisms by interfering with the alternative splicing processes of mammary epithelial cells. Specifically, the bacterial genes of tsf, prfB, and infC can interfere with lncRNAs targeting RUNX1 and BCL2L11 in mammary epithelial cells, affecting the alternative splicing of target genes and altering normal molecular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishang Gong
- College of Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Institute of Biological Technology, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Taotao Li
- College of Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuanfei Li
- Institute of Biological Technology, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Xinwei Xiong
- Institute of Biological Technology, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Jiguo Xu
- Institute of Biological Technology, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Xuewen Chai
- Institute of Biological Technology, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Youji Ma
- College of Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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2
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Juli MSB, Boe-Hansen GB, Raza A, Forutan M, Ong CT, Siddle HV, Tabor AE. A systematic review of predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarkers for detecting reproductive diseases in cattle using traditional and omics approaches. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 165:104315. [PMID: 39154625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Reproductive diseases and illnesses pose significant challenges in cattle farming, affecting fertility, milk production, and overall herd health. In recent years, the integration of various omics approaches, including transcriptomics, proteomics, metagenomics, miRNAomics, and metabolomics, has revolutionized the study of these conditions. This systematic review summarised the findings from studies that investigated reproductive disease biomarkers in both male and female cattle. After extracting 6137 studies according to exclusion and inclusion criteria, a total of 60 studies were included in this review. All studies identified were associated with female cattle and none were related to reproductive diseases in bulls. The analysis highlights specific biomarkers, metabolic pathways, and microbial compositions associated with bovine reproductive disease conditions, providing valuable insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-8, IL-4, IL-6, TNFα and acute-phase response proteins such as SAA and HP have been identified as promising biomarkers for bovine reproductive diseases. However, further research is needed to validate these markers clinically and to explore potential strategies for improving cow reproductive health. The role of bulls as carriers of venereal diseases has been underestimated in the current literature and therefore needs more attention to understand their impact on infectious reproductive diseases of female cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Sogra Banu Juli
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Gry B Boe-Hansen
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia.
| | - Ali Raza
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Mehrnush Forutan
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Chian Teng Ong
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Hannah V Siddle
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
| | - Ala E Tabor
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Wang X, Fei Y, Shao Y, Liao Q, Meng Q, Chen R, Deng L. Transcriptome analysis reveals immune function-related mRNA expression in donkey mammary glands during four developmental stages. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101169. [PMID: 38096640 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The low susceptibility to mastitis of female donkey (jenny) mammary glands and the strong immune properties of donkey milk are acknowledged, but little is known about the genes involved in mammary gland immunity in jennies. Herein, we used RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses to explore jenny mammary gland transcriptomes and detect potential functional differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs related to immunity during four specific developmental stages: foetal (F), pubertal (P), adult parous nonlactation (N) and lactation (L). A total of 2497, 583 and 1820 DE mRNAs were identified in jenny mammary glands at F vs. P, P vs. N, and N vs. L, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed numerous GO terms related to immune function, especially between F and P. Seven significantly enriched profiles were identified, among which 497 and 1261 DE mRNAs were upregulated in profiles 19 and 17. Eleven mRNAs were enriched in over 10 KEGG pathways. β-2-microglobulin (B2M), immunoglobulin heavy constant mu (IGHM), toll like receptor 2 (TLR2), toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88) were mainly involved in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signalling, phagosome and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappa B) signalling pathways. The findings provide insight into the molecular features underpinning the low prevalence of intramammary infections (i.e., mastitis) in donkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yaqi Fei
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Qingchao Liao
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Qingze Meng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Liang Deng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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Lázaro SF, Tonhati H, Oliveira HR, Silva AA, Scalez DCB, Nascimento AV, Santos DJA, Stefani G, Carvalho IS, Sandoval AF, Brito LF. Genetic parameters and genome-wide association studies for mozzarella and milk production traits, lactation length, and lactation persistency in Murrah buffaloes. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:992-1021. [PMID: 37730179 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and genomic analyses of longitudinal traits related to milk production efficiency are paramount for optimizing water buffaloes breeding schemes. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) compare single-trait random regression models under a single-step genomic BLUP setting based on alternative covariance functions (i.e., Wood, Wilmink, and Ali and Schaeffer) to describe milk (MY), fat (FY), protein (PY), and mozzarella (MZY) yields, fat-to-protein ratio (FPR), somatic cell score (SCS), lactation length (LL), and lactation persistency (LP) in Murrah dairy buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis); (2) combine the best functions for each trait under a multiple-trait framework; (3) estimate time-dependent SNP effects for all the studied longitudinal traits; and (4) identify the most likely candidate genes associated with the traits. A total of 323,140 test-day records from the first lactation of 4,588 Murrah buffaloes were made available for the study. The model included the average curve of the population nested within herd-year-season of calving, systematic effects of number of milkings per day, and age at first calving as linear and quadratic covariates, and additive genetic, permanent environment, and residual as random effects. The Wood model had the best goodness of fit based on the deviance information criterion and posterior model probabilities for all traits. Moderate heritabilities were estimated over time for most traits (0.30 ± 0.02 for MY; 0.26 ± 0.03 for FY; 0.45 ± 0.04 for PY; 0.28 ± 0.05 for MZY; 0.13 ± 0.02 for FPR; and 0.15 ± 0.03 for SCS). The heritability estimates for LP ranged from 0.38 ± 0.02 to 0.65 ± 0.03 depending on the trait definition used. Similarly, heritabilities estimated for LL ranged from 0.10 ± 0.01 to 0.14 ± 0.03. The genetic correlation estimates across days in milk (DIM) for all traits ranged from -0.06 (186-215 DIM for MY-SCS) to 0.78 (66-95 DIM for PY-MZY). The SNP effects calculated for the random regression model coefficients were used to estimate the SNP effects throughout the lactation curve (from 5 to 305 d). Numerous relevant genomic regions and candidate genes were identified for all traits, confirming their polygenic nature. The candidate genes identified contribute to a better understanding of the genetic background of milk-related traits in Murrah buffaloes and reinforce the value of incorporating genomic information in their breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirlene F Lázaro
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Humberto Tonhati
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Hinayah R Oliveira
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Alessandra A Silva
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Daiane C B Scalez
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - André V Nascimento
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabella S Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda F Sandoval
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
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Algharib SA, Dawood AS, Huang L, Guo A, Zhao G, Zhou K, Li C, Liu J, Gao X, Luo W, Xie S. Basic concepts, recent advances, and future perspectives in the diagnosis of bovine mastitis. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e18. [PMID: 38311330 PMCID: PMC10839174 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most widespread infectious diseases that adversely affects the profitability of the dairy industry worldwide. Accurate diagnosis and identification of pathogens early to cull infected animals and minimize the spread of infection in herds is critical for improving treatment effects and dairy farm welfare. The major pathogens causing mastitis and pathogenesis are assessed first. The most recent and advanced strategies for detecting mastitis, including genomics and proteomics approaches, are then evaluated . Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, potential research directions, and future perspectives are reported. This review provides a theoretical basis to help veterinarians select the most sensitive, specific, and cost-effective approach for detecting bovine mastitis early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Attia Algharib
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry & Science Technology of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps., Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, QG, Egypt
| | - Ali Sobhy Dawood
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Lingli Huang
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhou
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chao Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jinhuan Liu
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Lu Zhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Wanhe Luo
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry & Science Technology of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps., Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
| | - Shuyu Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Hou X, Shi H, Jiang Y, Li X, Chen K, Li Q, Liu R. Transcriptome analysis reveals the neuroactive receptor genes response to Streptococcus agalactiae infection in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109090. [PMID: 37722443 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The detailed crosstalk between the neuroendocrine and immune systems in Oreochromis niloticus, an economically important fish, in response to pathogenic infections, remains unclear. This study revealed the head kidney transcriptional profiles of O. niloticus upon infections with Streptococcus agalactiae, a prevalent pathogen known to cause severe meningitis. Twelve cDNA libraries of O. niloticus head kidney, representing four treatment time points (0, 6, 24, and 48 h), were constructed and a total of 2,528 differentially expressed genes were identified based on pairwise comparisons. KEGG pathway analysis revealed a significant enrichment of the 'neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction' pathway (ko04080), with 13 genes exhibiting differential expression during S. agalactiae infection. Among these, six neuroactive receptor genes (lepr, nr3c1, ptger4, thrb, tspo, and β2-ar) were selected, cloned, and characterized. Although these genes are ubiquitously expressed, and in head kidney leukocytes, their expression was mainly observed in T cells, Mo/Mφ, and NCCs, which are characterized by antimicrobial responses. Furthermore, we examined the response patterns of these six neuroactive receptor genes to gram-positive (S. agalactiae) and gram-negative (Aeromonas hydrophila) bacteria in four different tissues. Notably, lepr, ptger4, tspo, and β2-ar were upregulated in all selected tissues in response to S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila infections. However, nr3c1 and thrb were downregulated in response to S. agalactiae infection in the head kidney and spleen, whereas nr3c1 was upregulated, and thrb was unresponsive to A. hydrophila infection. Our findings provide a theoretical foundation for understanding new links between the neuroendocrine and immune systems during bacterial infection in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitan Hou
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
| | - Haokai Shi
- College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoke Li
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Kaiqi Chen
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qi Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Ruonan Liu
- College of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
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Morales-Ubaldo AL, Rivero-Perez N, Valladares-Carranza B, Velázquez-Ordoñez V, Delgadillo-Ruiz L, Zaragoza-Bastida A. Bovine mastitis, a worldwide impact disease: Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and viable alternative approaches. Vet Anim Sci 2023; 21:100306. [PMID: 37547227 PMCID: PMC10400929 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is globally considered one of the most important diseases within dairy herds, mainly due to the associated economic losses. The most prevalent etiology are bacteria, classified into contagious and environmental, with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most common pathogens associated with mastitis cases. To date these pathogens are resistant to the most common active ingredients used for mastitis treatment. According to recent studies resistance to new antimicrobials has increased, which is why developing of alternative treatments is imperative. Therefore the present review aims to summarize the reports about bovine mastitis along 10 years, emphasizing bacterial etiology, its epidemiology, and the current situation of antimicrobial resistance, as well as the development of alternative treatments for this pathology. Analyzed data showed that the prevalence of major pathogens associated with bovine mastitis varied according to geographical region. Moreover, these pathogens are classified as multidrug-resistant, since the effectiveness of antimicrobials on them has decreased. To date, several studies have focused on the research of alternative treatments, among them vegetal extracts, essential oils, or peptides. Some other works have reported the application of nanotechnology and polymers against bacteria associated with bovine mastitis. Results demonstrated that these alternatives may be effective on bacteria associated with bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Nallely Rivero-Perez
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Valladares-Carranza
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Valente Velázquez-Ordoñez
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Lucía Delgadillo-Ruiz
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, CP. 98068, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Bisutti V, Mach N, Giannuzzi D, Vanzin A, Capra E, Negrini R, Gelain ME, Cecchinato A, Ajmone-Marsan P, Pegolo S. Transcriptome-wide mapping of milk somatic cells upon subclinical mastitis infection in dairy cattle. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:93. [PMID: 37403140 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subclinical intramammary infection (IMI) represents a significant problem in maintaining dairy cows' health. Disease severity and extent depend on the interaction between the causative agent, environment, and host. To investigate the molecular mechanisms behind the host immune response, we used RNA-Seq for the milk somatic cells (SC) transcriptome profiling in healthy cows (n = 9), and cows naturally affected by subclinical IMI from Prototheca spp. (n = 11) and Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae; n = 11). Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent Components (DIABLO) was used to integrate transcriptomic data and host phenotypic traits related to milk composition, SC composition, and udder health to identify hub variables for subclinical IMI detection. RESULTS A total of 1,682 and 2,427 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified when comparing Prototheca spp. and S. agalactiae to healthy animals, respectively. Pathogen-specific pathway analyses evidenced that Prototheca's infection upregulated antigen processing and lymphocyte proliferation pathways while S. agalactiae induced a reduction of energy-related pathways like the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The integrative analysis of commonly shared DEGs between the two pathogens (n = 681) referred to the core-mastitis response genes, and phenotypic data evidenced a strong covariation between those genes and the flow cytometry immune cells (r2 = 0.72), followed by the udder health (r2 = 0.64) and milk quality parameters (r2 = 0.64). Variables with r ≥ 0.90 were used to build a network in which the top 20 hub variables were identified with the Cytoscape cytohubba plug-in. The genes in common between DIABLO and cytohubba (n = 10) were submitted to a ROC analysis which showed they had excellent predictive performances in terms of discriminating healthy and mastitis-affected animals (sensitivity > 0.89, specificity > 0.81, accuracy > 0.87, and precision > 0.69). Among these genes, CIITA could play a key role in regulating the animals' response to subclinical IMI. CONCLUSIONS Despite some differences in the enriched pathways, the two mastitis-causing pathogens seemed to induce a shared host immune-transcriptomic response. The hub variables identified with the integrative approach might be included in screening and diagnostic tools for subclinical IMI detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Bisutti
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy.
| | - Núria Mach
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 23 Chemin Des Capelles, Toulouse, 31300, France
| | - Diana Giannuzzi
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Alice Vanzin
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Emanuele Capra
- IBBA, National Research Council, Via Einstein, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - Riccardo Negrini
- DIANA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense 84, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Gelain
- BCA, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Alessio Cecchinato
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Paolo Ajmone-Marsan
- DIANA, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense 84, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - Sara Pegolo
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale Dell'Università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
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Yan H, Zhou T, Wang Y, Liu Z, Ali I, Sheng L, Jiang Q, Li T, Xiang M, Li P, Zhang W, Teng Y, Li H, Liu Y, Cai Y. CDK5RAP3, a key defender of udder, modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating autophagolysosome degradation in S. agalactiae-infected mastitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123714. [PMID: 36806767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae, as one of the main pathogens of clinical and subclinical mastitis, affects animal welfare and leads to huge economic losses to farms due to the sharp decline in milk yield. However, both the real pathogenic mechanisms of S. agalactiae-induced mastitis and the regulator which controls the inflammation and autophagy are largely unknown. Served as a substrate of ubiquitin-like proteins of E3 ligase, CDK5RAP3 is widely involved in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. Our findings revealed that CDK5RAP3 was significantly down-regulated in mastitis infected by S. agalactiae. Surprisingly, inflammasome activation was triggered by CDK5RAP3 knockdown: up-regulated NLRP3, IL1β and IL6, and cleaved caspase1 promoting by NF-κB, thereby resulting in pyroptosis. Additionally, the accumulation of autophagy markers (LC3B and p62) after CDK5RAP3 knockdown suggested that the autophagolysosome degradation pathway was inhibited, thereby activating the NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Hence, our findings suggest that downregulation or ablation of CDK5RAP3 inhibits autophagolysosome degradation, causes inflammation by activating the NF-κB /NLRP3 inflammasome, and triggers cell death. In conclusion, CDK5RAP3 holds the key to understanding the interaction between autophagy and immune responses, its anti-inflammatory role in this study will throw new light on the clinical drug discovery to cure S. agalactiae mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tianci Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhengcheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ilyas Ali
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Le Sheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Minghui Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yafei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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10
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Yuan P, Qin HY, Wei JY, Chen G, Li X. Proteomics reveals the potential mechanism of Tanshinone IIA in promoting the Ex Vivo expansion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Regen Ther 2022; 21:560-573. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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11
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Shen LH, Zhang Y, Shen Y, Su ZT, Yu SM, Cao SZ, Zong XL. Effect of anemoside B4 on milk whey in clinical mastitis-affected cows elucidated using tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18829. [PMID: 36335251 PMCID: PMC9637092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular injection of anemoside B4 (AB4) has a superior therapeutic effect on clinical mastitis in lactating cows. Here, we explored AB4's effect on milk whey in clinical mastitis-affected cows using proteomics. Among fifty clinical mastitis cows received AB4 administration (0.05 ml/kg/day, for 7 days), twelve healed cows were selected and marked as group T. Twelve clinically heathy cows received the same dose of saline for 7 days, marked as group C. Collected milk whey of group T before and after AB4 administration marked as T1 and T2, respectively. The milk whey of group C after saline injection marked as C1. Milk whey protein changes were detected using tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic. We identified 872 quantifiable proteins in the samples. Among them, 511 proteins between T1 and C1, and 361 proteins between T2 and T1 were significantly altered. T1 than C1 had significantly more proteins associated with inflammatory damage and trans-endothelial migration of leukocytes, whereas these proteins were reduced in T2 treated with AB4. Compared with C, proteins associated with fibrin clot degradation and complement system activation were downregulated in T1 but upregulated in T2. In summary, AB4 can exert its therapeutic effect on clinical mastitis in cows mainly by reducing inflammatory damage, activating the complement system, inhibiting trans-endothelial migration of leukocytes, and promoting degradation of milk fibrin clots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-hong Shen
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Yue Zhang
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Yu Shen
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Zhe-tong Su
- Guangxi Innovates Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Lipu, 546600 Guangxi China
| | - Shu-min Yu
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Sui-zhong Cao
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Xiao-lan Zong
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, The Medical Research Center for Cow Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
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12
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Ji Q, Zhang M, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang L, Lu X, Bai L, Wang M, Bao L, Hao H, Wang Z. Protective effects of chlorogenic acid on inflammatory responses induced by Staphylococcus aureus and milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Microb Pathog 2022; 171:105726. [PMID: 35995255 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major mastitis-causing pathogen in dairy cows. Dairy cows with mastitis suffer from a decrease in milk yield and protein content. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a natural product with anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we examined the function and mechanism of CGA with regard to its anti-inflammatory effects and evaluated its protective function in milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). BMECs were cultured with and without infection by S. aureus and CGA, and extracellular inflammatory cytokines and amino acids in the medium and milk proteins were determined by ELISA. The function of IL-10RA in anti-inflammatory processes and of SF-1 in milk protein synthesis was assessed by gene silencing. The activity of mTORC1, NF-κB, and STAT5 was examined by western blot. S. aureus caused intracellular infection and upregulated TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, whereas uptake of amino acids and milk protein synthesis were suppressed. CGA mitigated the S. aureus-induced inflammatory response and milk protein synthesis in vitro and in vivo. CGA alleviated S. aureus-induced inhibition of mTORC1 and STAT5 and upregulated IL-10 and IL-10RA. In addition, SF-1 was predicted to be a transcription factor of the milk protein-encoding genes α-LA, β-LG, and CSN2. S. aureus downregulated SF-1 and CGA reversed the decline in milk protein synthesis due to SF-1 knockdown. Thus, CGA mitigates the inflammatory response that is induced by S. aureus and protects the uptake of amino acids and milk protein synthesis in BMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China.
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China; School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jining Normal University, Jining, 012000, China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Xinyue Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Linfeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Manshulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China
| | - Lili Bao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Huifang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China.
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, China.
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13
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Safety and Efficacy of the Bordetella bronchiseptica Vaccine Combined with a Vegetable Oil Adjuvant and Multi-Omics Analysis of Its Potential Role in the Protective Response of Rabbits. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071434. [PMID: 35890330 PMCID: PMC9317422 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious respiratory diseases caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) are seriously endangering the development of the rabbit industry in China. Unfortunately, no licensed vaccines are available for this pathogen. The present study was designed to determine whether the inactivated Bb antigen formulated with vegetable oil adjuvant (named E515) which contains soybean oil, vitamin E, and ginseng saponins, functions as a safe and effective vaccine (E515-Bb) against Bb infection in rabbits. Based on local and systemic reactions, both the E515 adjuvant alone and the E515-Bb vaccine exhibited good safety in rabbits. Immune response analysis implies that rabbits immunized with the E515-Bb vaccine produced significantly higher, earlier, and longer-lasting specific antibody responses and activated Th1/Th2/Th17 cell responses than those immunized with the aluminum hydroxide (Alum)-adjuvanted Bb vaccine (Alum-Bb) or Bb antigen alone. Moreover, the E515-Bb vaccine effectively protected rabbits from Bb infection. Additionally, integrated multi-omics analysis revealed that the immunoprotective effect of the E515-Bb vaccine was achieved through upregulation of the complement and coagulation cascades and cell adhesion molecule (CAM) pathways, and the downregulation of the P53 pathway. Overall, these results indicate that the E515-Bb vaccine is safe, elicits an efficient immune response and provides good protection against Bb infection in rabbits. Thus, the E515-adjuvanted Bb vaccine can be considered a promising candidate vaccine for preventing Bb infection.
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14
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Goulart DB, Mellata M. Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:928346. [PMID: 35875575 PMCID: PMC9301288 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.928346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder tissue parenchyma that causes pathological changes in the glandular tissue and abnormalities in milk leading to significant economic losses to the dairy industry across the world. Mammary pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli (MPEC) is one of the main etiologic agents of acute clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. MPEC strains have virulence attributes to resist the host innate defenses and thrive in the mammary gland environment. The association between specific virulence factors of MPEC with the severity of mastitis in cattle is not fully understood. Furthermore, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat mastitis has resulted in antimicrobial resistance to all major antibiotic classes in MPEC. A thorough understanding of MPEC’s pathogenesis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is required to develop better interventions to reduce mastitis incidence and prevalence in cattle and the environment. This review compiles important information on mastitis caused by MPEC (e.g., types of mastitis, host immune response, diagnosis, treatment, and control of the disease) as well as the current knowledge on MPEC virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance, and the dilemma of MPEC as a new pathotype. The information provided in this review is critical to identifying gaps in knowledge that will guide future studies to better design diagnostic, prevent, and develop therapeutic interventions for this significant dairy disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Brito Goulart
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Débora Brito Goulart,
| | - Melha Mellata
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Melha Mellata,
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15
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Understanding the genomic architecture of clinical mastitis in Bos indicus. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:466. [PMID: 34745817 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study elucidated potential genetic variants and QTLs associated with clinical mastitis incidence traits in Bos indicus breed, Sahiwal. Estimated breeding values for the traits (calculated using Bayesian inference) were used as pseudo-phenotypes for association with genome-wide SNPs and further QTL regions underlying the traits were identified. In all, 25 SNPs were found to be associated with the traits at the genome-wide suggestive threshold (p ≤ 5 × 10-4) and these SNPs were used to define QTL boundaries based on the linkage disequilibrium structure. A total of 16 QTLs were associated with the trait EBVs including seven each for clinical mastitis incidence (CMI) in first and second lactations and two for CMI in third lactation. Nine out of sixteen QTLs overlapped with the already reported QTLs for mastitis traits, whereas seven were adjudged as novel ones. Important candidates for clinical mastitis in the identified QTL regions included DNAJB9, ELMO1, ARHGAP26, NR3C1, CACNB2, RAB4A, GRB2, NUP85, SUMO2, RBPJ, and RAB33B genes. These findings shed light on the genetic architecture of the disease in Bos indicus, and present potential regions for fine mapping and downstream analysis in future.
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16
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Zhang X, Yang F, Li K, Cao W, Ru Y, Chen S, Li S, Liu X, Zhu Z, Zheng H. The Insufficient Activation of RIG-I-Like Signaling Pathway Contributes to Highly Efficient Replication of Porcine Picornaviruses in IBRS-2 Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100147. [PMID: 34530158 PMCID: PMC8503670 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) or commonly known as senecavirus A, is one of the picornavirus that is associated with vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in swine herds. Our previous study found that SVV replicates extremely faster in porcine Instituto Biologico-Rim Suino-2 (IBRS-2) cells than that in porcine kidney-15 (PK-15) cells. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we comprehensively compared the expression features between IBRS-2 cells and PK-15 cells in response to SVV infection by an unbiased high-throughput quantitative proteomic analysis. We found that the innate immune response–related pathways were efficiently activated in PK-15 cells but not in IBRS-2 cells during SVV infection. A large amount of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes were induced in PK-15 cells. In contrast, no IFN-stimulated genes were induced in IBRS-2 cells. Besides, we determined similar results in the two cell lines infected by another porcine picornavirus foot-and-mouth disease virus. Further study demonstrated that the Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway was functioning properly in both IBRS-2 and PK-15 cells. A systematic screening study revealed that the aberrant signal transduction from TANK-binding kinase 1 to IFN regulatory factor 3 in the retinoic acid–inducible gene I–like receptor signaling pathway in IBRS-2 cells was the fundamental cause of the different innate immune response manifestation and different viral replication rate in the two cell lines. Together, our findings determined the different features of IBRS-2 and PK-15 cell lines, which will help for clarification of the pathogenesis of SVV. Besides, identification of the underlying mechanisms will provide new targets and an insight for decreasing the viral clearance rate and probably improve the oncolytic effect by SVV in cancer cells. Divergent innate immune responses were triggered by SVV in IBRS-2 and PK-15 cells. SVV induced higher levels of type I IFN in PK-15 cells than in IBRS-2 cells. IBRS-2 cell line has an aberrant RLR pathway but an intact type I IFN pathway. TBK1-mediated antiviral signal transduction was dysfunctional in IBRS-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kangli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shasha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
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17
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Proteomics Analysis Reveals Altered Nutrients in the Whey Proteins of Dairy Cow Milk with Different Thermal Treatments. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154628. [PMID: 34361782 PMCID: PMC8347753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal treatments of milk induce changes in the properties of milk whey proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate the specific changes related to nutrients in the whey proteins of dairy cow milk after pasteurization at 85 °C for 15 s or ultra-high temperature (UHT) at 135 °C for 15 s. A total of 223 whey proteins were confidently identified and quantified by TMT-based global discovery proteomics in this study. We found that UHT thermal treatment resulted in an increased abundance of 17 proteins, which appeared to show heat insensitivity. In contrast, 15 heat-sensitive proteins were decreased in abundance after UHT thermal treatment. Some of the heat-sensitive proteins were connected with the biological immune functionality, suggesting that UHT thermal treatment results in a partial loss of immune function in the whey proteins of dairy cow milk. The information reported here will considerably expand our knowledge about the degree of heat sensitivity in the whey proteins of dairy cow milk in response to different thermal treatments and offer a knowledge-based reference to aid in choosing dairy products. It is worth noting that the whey proteins (lactoperoxidase and lactoperoxidase) in milk that were significantly decreased by high heat treatment in a previous study (142 °C) showed no significant difference in the present study (135 °C). These results may imply that an appropriately reduced heating intensity of UHT retains the immunoactive proteins to the maximum extent possible.
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Chen S, Yang F, Cao W, Liu H, Wen B, Sun Y, Zheng H, Wang J, Zhu Z. Quantitative Proteomics Reveals a Novel Role of the E3 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase FANCL in the Activation of the Innate Immune Response through Regulation of TBK1 Phosphorylation during Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:4113-4130. [PMID: 34289691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection causes considerable innate immunosuppression in its host, which promotes viral replication. However, how the host rescues the innate immune response to counteract this immunosuppression during viral replication remains largely unknown. To explore the mechanisms of how a host counteracts PPRV-mediated innate immunosuppression, a high-throughput quantitation proteomic approach (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation in conjunction with LC-MS/MS) was used to investigate the proteome landscape of goat fetal fibroblasts (GFFs) in response to PPRV infection. Eventually, 497 upregulated proteins and 358 downregulated proteins were identified. Many of the differentially expressed proteins were enriched in immune-related pathways. Blocking the activation of the innate immune response with a specific inhibitor BX795 in GFFs remarkably promoted PPRV replication, suggesting the significant antiviral role of the enriched immune-related pathways. The GO enrichment analysis showed that the host protein FANCL revealed a similar expression pattern to these innate immune-related proteins. In addition, the analysis of protein-protein interaction networks reveals a potential relationship between FANCL and the innate immune pathway. We determined that FANCL inhibited PPRV infection by enhancing type I interferon (IFN) and IFN-stimulated gene expression. Further investigation determined that FANCL induced type I IFN production by promoting TBK1 phosphorylation, thus impairing PPRV-mediated immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Chen
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, PR China
| | - Weijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, PR China
| | - Huisheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, PR China
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yuefeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, PR China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, PR China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, PR China
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19
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Wang L, Leng L, Ding R, Gong P, Liu C, Wang N, Li H, Du ZQ, Cheng B. Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals potential mechanisms for differential abdominal fat deposition between divergently selected chicken lines. J Proteomics 2021; 241:104242. [PMID: 33901680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetic selection for meat production performance of broilers concomitantly causes excessive abdominal fat deposition, accompanied by several adverse effects, such as the reduction of feed conversion efficiency and reproduction performance. Our previous studies have identified important genes regulating chicken fat deposition, using the Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content (NEAUHLF) as an animal model. However, the molecular mechanism underlying fat deposition differences between fat and lean broilers remains largely unknown. Here, we integrated the transcriptome (RNA-Seq) and quantitative proteome (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation, iTRAQ) profiling analyses on abdominal fat tissues from NEAUHLF chicken lines. Differentially expressed genes (2167 DEGs, corrected p-value < 0.01) and differentially abundant proteins (199 DAPs, corrected p-value < 0.05) were identified in lean line compared to fat line. Down-regulated DEGs and DAPs mainly enriched in pathways related to fatty acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and PPAR signaling, and interestingly, up-regulated DEGs and DAPs enriched both in lysosome pathway. Moreover, numerous key DEGs and DAPs involved in long-chain fatty acid uptake, in situ lipogenesis (fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis), and lipid droplet accumulation were discovered after integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis. SIGNIFICANCE: Excessive abdominal fat deposition critically affects the health of broilers and causes economic loss to broiler producers, but the molecular mechanism of abdominal fat deposition is still unclear in chicken. We identified key DEGs/DAPs and potential pathways through an integration of chicken abdominal fat tissues transcriptome and proteome analyses. Our findings will facilitate a better revealing the mechanism and provide a novel insight into abdominal fat content discrepancy between the fat and lean chicken lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Li Leng
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ran Ding
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Pengfei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Bohan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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20
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Integrative Analysis of miRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles in Mammary Glands of Holstein Cows Artificially Infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050506. [PMID: 33922375 PMCID: PMC8145100 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus- induced mastitis is one of the most intractable problems for the dairy industry, which causes loss of milk yield and early slaughter of cows worldwide. Few studies have used a comprehensive approach based on the integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to explore molecular mechanism in bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus. In this study, S. aureus (A1, B1 and C1) and sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (A2, B2 and C2) were introduced to different udder quarters of three individual cows, and transcriptome sequencing and microarrays were utilized to detected miRNA and gene expression in mammary glands from the challenged and control groups. A total of 77 differentially expressed microRNAs (DE miRNAs) and 1625 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that multiple DEGs were enriched in significant terms and pathways associated with immunity and inflammation. Integrative analysis between DE miRNAs and DEGs proved that miR-664b, miR-23b-3p, miR-331-5p, miR-19b and miR-2431-3p were potential factors regulating the expression levels of CD14 Molecule (CD14), G protein subunit gamma 2 (GNG2), interleukin 17A (IL17A), collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1), microtubule associated protein RP/EB family member 2 (MAPRE2), member of RAS oncogene family (RAP1B), LDOC1 regulator of NFKB signaling (LDOC1), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100A9) in bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus. These findings could enhance the understanding of the underlying immune response in bovine mammary glands against S. aureus infection and provide a useful foundation for future application of the miRNA–mRNA-based genetic regulatory network in the breeding cows resistant to S. aureus.
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21
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Post-Translational Protein Deimination Signatures in Plasma and Plasma EVs of Reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus). BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030222. [PMID: 33805829 PMCID: PMC7998281 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Reindeer are an important wild and domesticated species of the Arctic, Northern Europe, Siberia and North America. As reindeer have developed various strategies to adapt to extreme environments, this makes them an interesting species for studies into diversity of immune and metabolic functions in the animal kingdom. Importantly, while reindeer carry natural infections caused by viruses (including coronaviruses), bacteria and parasites, they can also act as carriers for transmitting such diseases to other animals and humans, so called zoonosis. Reindeer are also affected by chronic wasting disease, a neuronal disease caused by prions, similar to scrapie in sheep, mad cows disease in cattle and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. The current study assessed a specific protein modification called deimination/citrullination, which can change how proteins function and allow them to take on different roles in health and disease processes. Profiling of deiminated proteins in reindeer showed that many important pathways for immune defenses, prion diseases and metabolism are enriched in deiminated proteins, both in plasma, as well as in plasma extracellular vesicles. This study provides a platform for the development of novel biomarkers to assess wild life health status and factors relating to zoonotic disease. Abstract The reindeer (caribou) Rangifer tarandus is a Cervidae in the order Artiodactyla. Reindeer are sedentary and migratory populations with circumpolar distribution in the Arctic, Northern Europe, Siberia and North America. Reindeer are an important wild and domesticated species, and have developed various adaptive strategies to extreme environments. Importantly, deer have also been identified to be putative zoonotic carriers, including for parasites, prions and coronavirus. Therefore, novel insights into immune-related markers are of considerable interest. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a phylogenetically conserved enzyme family which causes post-translational protein deimination by converting arginine into citrulline in target proteins. This affects protein function in health and disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in cellular communication, in physiological and pathological processes, via transfer of cargo material, and their release is partly regulated by PADs. This study assessed deiminated protein and EV profile signatures in plasma from sixteen healthy wild female reindeer, collected in Iceland during screening for parasites and chronic wasting disease. Reindeer plasma EV profiles showed a poly-dispersed distribution from 30 to 400 nm and were positive for phylogenetically conserved EV-specific markers. Deiminated proteins were isolated from whole plasma and plasma EVs, identified by proteomic analysis and protein interaction networks assessed by KEGG and GO analysis. This revealed a large number of deimination-enriched pathways for immunity and metabolism, with some differences between whole plasma and EVs. While shared KEGG pathways for whole plasma and plasma EVs included complement and coagulation pathways, KEGG pathways specific for EVs were for protein digestion and absorption, platelet activation, amoebiasis, the AGE–RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, ECM receptor interaction, the relaxin signaling pathway and the estrogen signaling pathway. KEGG pathways specific for whole plasma were pertussis, ferroptosis, SLE, thyroid hormone synthesis, phagosome, Staphylococcus aureus infection, vitamin digestion and absorption, and prion disease. Further differences were also found between molecular function and biological processes GO pathways when comparing functional STRING networks for deiminated proteins in EVs, compared with deiminated proteins in whole plasma. This study highlights deiminated proteins and EVs as candidate biomarkers for reindeer health and may provide information on regulation of immune pathways in physiological and pathological processes, including neurodegenerative (prion) disease and zoonosis.
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Shi Y, Zhao W, Liu G, Ali T, Chen P, Liu Y, Kastelic JP, Han B, Gao J. Bacteriophages isolated from dairy farm mitigated Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells cultured in vitro. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:37. [PMID: 33468111 PMCID: PMC7814619 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Klebsiella pneumoniae, an environmental pathogen causing mastitis in dairy cattle, is often resistant to antibiotics. K. pneumoniae was used as the host bacteria to support bacteriophage replication; 2 bacteriophages, CM8-1 and SJT-2 were isolated and considered to have therapeutic potential. In the present study, we determined the ability of these 2 bacteriophages to mitigate cytotoxicity, pathomorphological changes, inflammatory responses and apoptosis induced by K. pneumoniae (bacteriophage to K. pneumoniae MOI 1:10) in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) cultured in vitro. Results Bacteriophages reduced bacterial adhesion and invasion and cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase release). Morphological changes in bMECs, including swelling, shrinkage, necrosis and hematoxylin and eosin staining of cytoplasm, were apparent 4 to 8 h after infection with K. pneumoniae, but each bacteriophage significantly suppressed damage and decreased TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations. K. pneumoniae enhanced mRNA expression of TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, caspase-3, caspase-9 and cyt-c in bMECs and increased apoptosis of bMECs, although these effects were mitigated by treatment with either bacteriophage for 8 h. Conclusions Bacteriophages CM8-1 and SJT-2 mitigated K. pneumoniae-induced inflammation in bMECs cultured in vitro. Therefore, the potential of these bacteriophages for treating mastitis in cows should be determined in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China.,College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 056038, Handan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Wenpeng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tariq Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China.,Center of Microbiology & Biotechnology, Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yongxia Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018, Taìan, China
| | - John P Kastelic
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, T2N 4N1, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bo Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yuan Ming Yuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, P. R. China.
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23
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Niu H, Zhang H, Wu F, Xiong B, Tong J, Jiang L. Proteomics study on the protective mechanism of soybean isoflavone against inflammation injury of bovine mammary epithelial cells induced by Streptococcus agalactiae. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:91-101. [PMID: 32865767 PMCID: PMC7736374 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the anti-inflammatory effect of soybean isoflavones (SI) on the inflammatory response induced by Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) of bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) and to elucidate its possible mechanism. BMECs were pretreated with SI of different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 μg/mL) for 0.5, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24 h. And then, S. agalactiae was used to infect bMECs for 6 h (MOI = 50:1) to establish the inflammation model. Cell viability, growth curves of S. agalactiae, cytotoxicity, and S. agalactiae invasion rate were determined. A proteomics technique was used to further detect differential proteins and enrichment pathways. SI (40 μg/mL) improved the viability of bMECs at 12 h (p < 0.05) and 60 and 80 μg/mL of SI greater (p < 0.01). Moreover, 60 μg/mL of SI protects cells from bacterial damage (p < 0.05). SI could inhibit S. agalactiae growth and internalization into bMECs in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, proteomics results showed that 133 proteins were up-regulated and 89 proteins were down-regulated significantly. The differentially significantly expressed proteins (DSEPs) were mainly related to cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. GO annotation showed that 222 DSEPs were divided into 23 biological processes (BP) terms, 14 cell components (CC) terms, and 12 molecular functions (MF) terms. DSEPs were significantly enriched in 10 pathways, of which the immune pathway was the main enrichment pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Niu
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fuxin Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Benhai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinjin Tong
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Parreira JR, Hernández-Castellano LE, Argüello A, Capote J, Castro N, de Sousa Araújo S, de Almeida AM. Understanding seasonal weight loss tolerance in dairy goats: a transcriptomics approach. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:629. [PMID: 32928114 PMCID: PMC7489022 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Seasonal weight loss (SWL) is a very important limitation to the production of ruminants in the Mediterranean and Tropical regions. In these areas, long dry seasons lead to poor pastures with low nutritional value. During the dry season, ruminants, particularly those raised in extensive production systems, lose around 30% of their body weight. Seasonal weight loss has important consequences on animal productive performance and health. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to characterize feed restriction effects in dairy goat of 2 breeds with different SWL tolerance: Majorera (tolerant) and Palmera (susceptible). Nine Majorera and ten Palmera goats were randomly distributed in a control and a restricted group: Majorera Control (adequately fed; MC; n = 4), Palmera Control (adequately fed; PC; n = 6), Majorera Restricted (feed restricted; ME; n = 5) and Palmera Restricted (feed restricted; PE; n = 4). On day 22 of the trial, mammary gland biopsies were collected for transcriptomics analysis. Results From these samples, 24,260 unique transcripts were identified. From those, 82 transcripts were differentially expressed between MC and ME, 99 between PC and PE, twelve between both control groups and twenty-nine between both restricted groups. Conclusions Feed restriction affected several biochemical pathways in both breeds such as: carbohydrate and lipid transport; intracellular trafficking, RNA processing and signal transduction. This research also highlights the importance or involvement of the genes in tolerance (ENPP1, S-LZ, MT2A and GPNB) and susceptibility (GPD1, CTPS1, ELOVL6 and NR4A1) to SWL with respectively higher expression in the Majorera restriced group and the Palmera restricted group in comparison to the control groups. In addition, results from the study may be extrapolated to other dairy ruminant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ricardo Parreira
- IBET - Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.,ITQB NOVA - Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Anastasio Argüello
- Animal Production and Biotechnology group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413, Arucas, Spain
| | - Juan Capote
- Unit of Animal Production, Pasture, and Forage in Arid and Subtropical Areas, Canary Islands Institute for Agricultural Research, 38270, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Noemí Castro
- Animal Production and Biotechnology group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413, Arucas, Spain
| | - Susana de Sousa Araújo
- ITQB NOVA - Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - André Martinho de Almeida
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture And Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 13409-017, Lisbon, Portugal.
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25
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Cai L, Tong J, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Hou X, Zhang H. Staphylococcus aureus-induced proteomic changes in the mammary tissue of rats: A TMT-based study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231168. [PMID: 32365127 PMCID: PMC7197811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens causing mastitis in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to establish a rat model of mastitis induced by S. aureus infection and to explore changes in the proteomes of mammary tissue in different udder states, providing a better understanding of the host immune response to S. aureus mastitis. On day 3 post-partum, 6 rats were randomly divided into two groups (n = 3), with either 100 μL of PBS (blank group) or a S. aureus suspension containing 2×107 CFU·mL−1 (challenge group) infused into the mammary gland duct. After 24 h of infection, the rats were sacrificed, and mammary gland tissue was collected. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based technology was applied to compare the proteomes of healthy and mastitic mammary tissues. Compared with the control group, the challenge group had 555 proteins with significant differences in expression, of which 428 were significantly upregulated (FC>1.2 and p<0.05) and 127 were downregulated (FC>0.83 and p<0.05 or p<0.01). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that upregulated differentially significant expressed proteins (DSEPs) were associated with mainly immune responses, including integrin alpha M, inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4, and alpha-2-macroglobulin. This study is the first in which a rat model of S. aureus-induced mastitis was used to explore the proteins related to mastitis in dairy cows by TMT technology, providing a model for replication of dairy cow S. aureus-induced mastitis experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaonan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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26
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Criscitiello MF, Kraev I, Lange S. Post-Translational Protein Deimination Signatures in Serum and Serum-Extracellular Vesicles of Bos taurus Reveal Immune, Anti-Pathogenic, Anti-Viral, Metabolic and Cancer-Related Pathways for Deimination. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2861. [PMID: 32325910 PMCID: PMC7215346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The bovine immune system is known for its unusual traits relating to immunoglobulin and antiviral responses. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are phylogenetically conserved enzymes that cause post-translational deimination, contributing to protein moonlighting in health and disease. PADs also regulate extracellular vesicle (EV) release, forming a critical part of cellular communication. As PAD-mediated mechanisms in bovine immunology and physiology remain to be investigated, this study profiled deimination signatures in serum and serum-EVs in Bos taurus. Bos EVs were poly-dispersed in a 70-500 nm size range and showed differences in deiminated protein cargo, compared with whole sera. Key immune, metabolic and gene regulatory proteins were identified to be post-translationally deiminated with some overlapping hits in sera and EVs (e.g., immunoglobulins), while some were unique to either serum or serum-EVs (e.g., histones). Protein-protein interaction network analysis of deiminated proteins revealed KEGG pathways common for serum and serum-EVs, including complement and coagulation cascades, viral infection (enveloped viruses), viral myocarditis, bacterial and parasitic infections, autoimmune disease, immunodeficiency intestinal IgA production, B-cell receptor signalling, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, platelet activation and hematopoiesis, alongside metabolic pathways including ferroptosis, vitamin digestion and absorption, cholesterol metabolism and mineral absorption. KEGG pathways specific to EVs related to HIF-1 signalling, oestrogen signalling and biosynthesis of amino acids. KEGG pathways specific for serum only, related to Epstein-Barr virus infection, transcription mis-regulation in cancer, bladder cancer, Rap1 signalling pathway, calcium signalling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction. This indicates differences in physiological and pathological pathways for deiminated proteins in serum-EVs, compared with serum. Our findings may shed light on pathways underlying a number of pathological and anti-pathogenic (viral, bacterial, parasitic) pathways, with putative translatable value to human pathologies, zoonotic diseases and development of therapies for infections, including anti-viral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Criscitiello
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Igor Kraev
- Electron Microscopy Suite, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK;
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6XH, UK
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27
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Li T, Gao J, Zhao X, Ma Y. Digital gene expression analyses of mammary glands from meat ewes naturally infected with clinical mastitis. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:181604. [PMID: 31417691 PMCID: PMC6689637 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical mastitis in sheep has gravely restrained production performance for a long time. Knowledge of mechanisms of its pathogenesis and resistance in meat sheep mammary gland with clinical mastitis are not yet understood, especially for clinical mastitis caused by natural infection. In this work, RNA-sequencing was firstly used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in clinical mastitic mammary tissues (CMMTs) when compared with healthy mammary tissues (HMTs) from meat sheep flocks. We identified 420 DEGs including 316 upregulated and 104 downregulated genes in CMMTs. Gene ontology annotation revealed these DEGs were mainly engaged in immune response and inflammation response. Pathway enrichment showed they were primarily enriched in pathways relevant to inflammation, immune response and metabolism. Alternative splicing analysis showed most common differential splicing genes in CMMTs and HMTs were implicated in immune response. Immunostaining for three immune response-related proteins encoded by DEGs were mainly observed in mammary epithelium from both CMMTs and HMTs, and their positive signals were more intensive in CMMTs than those in HMTs. These findings provide experimental basis and reference for further researching the molecular genetic mechanisms, particularly immune defence mechanisms, of sheep mammary gland during clinical mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Youji Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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28
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Gao J, Li T, Lu Z, Wang X, Zhao X, Ma Y. Proteomic Analyses of Mammary Glands Provide Insight into the Immunity and Metabolism Pathways Associated with Clinical Mastitis in Meat Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9060309. [PMID: 31159303 PMCID: PMC6617192 DOI: 10.3390/ani9060309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Clinical mastitis is one of the most common diseases in sheep and is of major economic concern due to treatment costs, inadequate lamb growth and premature eliminate of ewes. To preliminarily explore possible regulatory roles of proteins involved in the host-pathogen interactions during intramammary infection triggered by this disease in meat sheep, mammary tissues were harvested from sheep with healthy and clinical mastitis caused by natural infection, and the differentially expressed proteins were identified in an infected group when compared to a healthy group, using comparative proteomics based on two-dimensional electrophoresis. Further enrichment analyses indicated that most of the differentially expressed proteins mainly engaged in regulating immune responses and metabolisms. These findings offer candidate proteins for further studies on molecular mechanisms of host defense response and metabolism in sheep cases. Abstract Clinical mastitis is still an intractable problem for sheep breeding. The natural immunologic mechanisms of the mammary gland against infections are not yet understood. For a better understanding of the disease-associated proteins during clinical mastitis in meat sheep, we performed two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE)-based comparative proteomic analyses of mammary tissues, including from healthy mammary tissues (HMTs) and from mammary tissues with clinical mastitis (CMMTs). The 2-DE results showed that a total of 10 up-regulated and 16 down-regulated proteins were identified in CMMTs when compared to HMTs. Of these, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that most proteins were associated with immune responses or metabolisms. The results of qRT-PCR and Western blot for randomly selected four differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) including superoxide dismutase [Mn] (SOD2), annexin A2 (ANAX2), keratin 10 (KRT10) and endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 29 (ERP29) showed that their expression trends were consistent with 2-DE results except ANXA2 mRNA levels. This is an initial report describing the 2-DE-based proteomics study of the meat sheep mammary gland with clinical mastitis caused by natural infection, which provides additional insight into the immune and metabolic mechanisms during sheep mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Taotao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
- Sheep Breeding Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Minqin 733300, China.
| | - Zengkui Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Youji Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
- Sheep Breeding Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Minqin 733300, China.
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