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Lu M, Pan J, Hu Y, Ding L, Li Y, Cui X, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Li C. Advances in the study of vascular related protective effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and compounds. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109531. [PMID: 37984733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a functional food containing multiple bioactive compounds that find widespread applications in culinary and medicinal practices. It consists of multiple chemical components, including allicin and alliin. This article offers a comprehensive review of the protective effects of garlic extracts and their active constituents on the vascular system. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that garlic extracts and their active ingredients possess various bioactive properties. These substances demonstrate beneficial effects on blood vessels by demonstrating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, inhibiting lipid accumulation and migration, preventing lipid peroxidation, promoting angiogenesis, reducing platelet aggregation, enhancing endothelial function, and inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis. In clinical studies, garlic and its extracts have demonstrated their efficacy in managing vascular system diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and high cholesterol levels. In summary, these studies highlight the potential therapeutic roles and underlying mechanisms of garlic and its constituents in managing conditions like diabetes, atherosclerosis, ischemic diseases, and other vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinyuan Pan
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhai Cui
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Muxin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr NF, Shaban MN, Al-Ashmawy GM. Diallyl trisulfide modulated autophagy in isoproterenol induced acute myocardial infarction. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-022-00351-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most serious manifestation of coronary artery disease. The initial ischemia in AMI causes biochemical and metabolic alterations in cardiomyocytes.
Objectives
The present study aimed to investigate the biomolecular mechanisms underlying cardioprotective effects of diallyl trisulfide (DATS) as well as captopril (CAP) in isoproterenol (ISO) induced AMI focusing on autophagy & PI3K/Akt signaling.
Methods
Seventy male Albino rats were divided into seven groups as follows: Normal control, ISO, ISO + LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor), DATS+ISO, CAP+ISO, DATS+LY294002 + ISO, and CAP+LY294002 + ISO. All treatments (40 mg/kg DATS, 50 mg/kg CAP & 0.3 mg/kg LY294002) were given daily for two weeks before ISO injection (85 mg/kg for 2 days). At the end of the experiment, serum and cardiac tissues were collected. Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) were measured. Cardiac glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), malondialdehyde (MDA), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), autophagy proteins (P62 & LC3IIB) and gene expression of PI3K, Akt, FOXO-1, and eNOS were assessed. Histopathological examination of heart tissue was performed.
Results
DATS and CAP significantly (p < 0.01) decreased serum CK-MB and cTnI, cardiac levels of MDA, HIF-1α, p62 and LC3IIB along with an increase in GSH-px activity compared with ISO group. Moreover, DATS and CAP significantly up-regulated PI3K, Akt, and eNOS gene expression but down-regulated FOXO-1 expression compared to ISO group. However, LY294002 reversed DATS and CAP cardioprotective effects.
Conclusion
DATS and CAP prior treatment proved cardioprotective effects via modulation of autophagy, PI3K/Akt signaling, eNOS and FOXO-1 downregulation in ISO induced AMI rat model.
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Wang Y, Xu S, Cheng X, Wu J, Yu H, Bao J, Zhang L, Lu R. Diallyl trisulfide inhibits the metastasis of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells by targeting TGF-β-Smad3-integrin α2β1 signaling pathway. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Okue S, Yaguchi M, Miura A, Ozaki-Masuzawa Y, Hosono T, Seki T. The garlic-derived organosulfur compound diallyl trisulphide suppresses tissue factor function. Food Funct 2022; 13:1246-1255. [PMID: 35022635 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02206g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is a critical initiator of extrinsic coagulation that sometimes causes thromboembolism. Diallyl trisulphide (DATS) is a secondary metabolite of allicin generated in crushed garlic, with various pharmacological effects. This study aimed to clarify the effect of DATS on the extrinsic coagulation elicited by TF and arteriosclerosis. TF activity was measured using a clotting assay in TF-expressing HL60 cells. DATS inhibited TF activity in a dose-dependent manner. TF expression in TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells was examined using real-time PCR and western blotting. DATS inhibited TF mRNA and protein expression induced by TNF-α via inhibition of JNK signalling. The effect of DATS on arteriosclerosis was also examined in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. DATS administration in these mice tended to decrease atherosclerotic lesion size. These results strongly suggest that DATS prevents thromboembolism triggered by atherosclerosis via the inhibition of plaque formation and TF function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Okue
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Manami Yaguchi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Miura
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Yori Ozaki-Masuzawa
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Collage of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Hosono
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Collage of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taiichiro Seki
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Collage of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan
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Kanga KJW, Mendonca P, Soliman KFA, Ferguson DT, Darling-Reed SF. Effect of Diallyl Trisulfide on TNF-α-induced CCL2/MCP-1 Release in Genetically Different Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Res 2021; 41:5919-5933. [PMID: 34848446 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) has been shown to prevent and inhibit breast carcinogenesis. CCL2/MCP-1 has been shown to play a significant role in breast cancer. This study explored DATS efficacy on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS DATS efficacy on TNF-α induced TNBC cells were examined via trypan blue exclusion test, wound-healing assay, human cytokine arrays, ELISA, and RT-PCR. RESULTS DATS significantly induced cell death and inhibited cell migration. Expression of CCL2/MCP-1, IL-6, PDGF-BB, NT-3, and GM-CSF in TNF-α-treated cells increased. However, DATS significantly decreased the expression of CCL2/MCP-1 in TNF-α-treated MDA-MB-231 but not in MDA-MB-468 cells. DATS significantly down-regulated mRNA expression of IKBKE and MAPK8 in both cell lines, indicating a possible effect in genes involved in the NF-κB and MAPK signaling. CONCLUSION DATS may have a role in TNBC therapy and prevention by targeting CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konan J W Kanga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Dominique T Ferguson
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Selina F Darling-Reed
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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Tamer F, Tullemans B, Kuijpers M, Claushuis D, Heemskerk JW. Nutrition phytochemicals affecting platelet signaling and responsiveness: implications for thrombosis and hemostasis. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:879-894. [PMID: 34715717 DOI: 10.1055/a-1683-5599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, in particular due to arterial thrombosis, is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, with crucial roles of platelets in thrombus formation. For multiple plant-derived phytochemicals found in common dietary components, claims have been made regarding cardiovascular health and antiplatelet activities. Here we present a systematic overview of the published effects of common phytochemicals, applied in vitro or in nutritional intervention studies, on agonist-induced platelet activation properties and platelet signaling pathways. Comparing the phytochemical effects per structural class, we included general phenols: curcuminoids (e.g., curcumin), lignans (honokiol, silybin), phenolic acids (caffeic and chlorogenic acid), derivatives of these (shikimic acid) and stilbenoids (isorhapontigenin, resveratrol). Furthermore, we evaluated the flavonoid polyphenols, including anthocyanidins (delphinidin, malvidin), flavan-3-ols (catechins), flavanones (hesperidin), flavones (apigenin, nobiletin), flavonols (kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin), isoflavones (daidzein, genistein); and terpenoids including carotenes and limonene; and finally miscellaneous compounds like betalains, indoles, organosulfides (diallyl trisulfide) and phytosterols. We furthermore discuss the implications for selected phytochemicals to interfere in thrombosis and hemostasis, indicating their possible clinical relevance. Lastly, we provide guidance on which compounds are of interest for further platelet-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Tamer
- Biochemistry, Maastricht University Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bibian Tullemans
- Biochemistry, Maastricht University Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marijke Kuijpers
- Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Thrombosis Expertise Centre, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Johan Wm Heemskerk
- Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Synapse Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Miura A, Ikeda A, Abe M, Seo K, Watanabe T, Ozaki-Masuzawa Y, Hosono T, Seki T. Diallyl Trisulfide Prevents Obesity and Decreases miRNA-335 Expression in Adipose Tissue in a Diet-Induced Obesity Rat Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001199. [PMID: 34014027 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), an organosulfur compound generates in crushed garlic, has various beneficial health effects. A growing body of evidence indicates that miRNAs are involved in the pathology of lifestyle diseases including obesity. The anti-obesogenic effect of garlic is previously reported; however, the effects of DATS on obesity, and the relationship between garlic compounds and the involvement of miRNA remains unclear. Here, the anti-obesogenic activity of DATS and the potential role of miRNA in a diet-induced obesity rat model are investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Oral administration of DATS suppressed body and white adipose tissue (WAT) weight gain in rats fed a high-fat diet compared with vehicle-administered rats. DATS lowered the plasma and liver triglyceride levels in obese rats, and decreased lipogenic mRNA levels including those of Srebp1c, Fasn, and Scd1 in the liver. DATS also suppressed de novo lipogenesis in the liver. Transcriptomic analyses of miRNA and mRNA in the epididymal WAT of obese rats using microarrays revealed that DATS decreased miRNA-335 expression and normalized the obesity-related mRNA transcriptomic signatures in epididymal WAT. CONCLUSION The potent anti-obesogenic effects of DATS and its possible mechanism of action was clearly demonstrated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Miura
- General Research Institute, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Ayana Ikeda
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Marina Abe
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Kiki Seo
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Takahiro Watanabe
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Yori Ozaki-Masuzawa
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Takashi Hosono
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Taiichiro Seki
- General Research Institute, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
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Ma X, Jiang Y, Wen J, Zhao Y, Zeng J, Guo Y. A comprehensive review of natural products to fight liver fibrosis: Alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, coumarins and other compounds. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173578. [PMID: 32976828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of drugs to treat liver fibrosis has long been a challenge over the past decades due to its complicated pathogenesis. As a primary approach for drug development, natural products account for 30% of clinical drugs used for disease treatment. Therefore, natural products are increasingly important for their medicinal value in liver fibrosis therapy. In this part of the review, special focus is placed on the effect and mechanism of natural compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, coumarins and others. A total of 36 kinds of natural compounds demonstrate significant antifibrotic effects in various liver fibrosis models in vivo and in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro. Revealing the mechanism will provide further basis for clinical conversion, as well as accelerate drug discovery. The mechanism was further summarized with the finding of network regulation by several natural products, such as oxymatrine, paeoniflorin, ginsenoside Rg1 and taurine. Moreover, there are still improvements needed in investigating clinical efficacy, determining mechanisms, and combining applications, as well as semisynthesis and modification. Therefore, natural products area promising resource for agents that protect against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Yaoguang Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Mocayar Marón FJ, Camargo AB, Manucha W. Allicin pharmacology: Common molecular mechanisms against neuroinflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2020; 249:117513. [PMID: 32145307 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
According to investigations in phytomedicine and ethnopharmacology, the therapeutic properties of garlic (Allium sativum) have been described by ancestral cultures. Notwithstanding, it is of particular concern to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this millenary empirical knowledge. Allicin (S-allyl prop-2-ene-1-sulfinothioate), a thioester of sulfenic acid, is one of the main bioactive compounds present in garlic, and it is responsible for the particular aroma of the spice. The pharmacological attributes of allicin integrate a broad spectrum of properties (e.g., anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibiotic, antifungal, antiparasitic, antioxidant, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-tumoral activities, among others). The primary goal of the present article is to review and clarify the common molecular mechanisms by which allicin and its derivates molecules may perform its therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases and neuroinflammatory processes. The intricate interface connecting the cardiovascular and nervous systems suggests that the impairment of one organ could contribute to the dysfunction of the other. Allicin might target the cornerstone of the pathological processes underlying cardiovascular and neuroinflammatory disorders, like inflammation, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) hyperactivation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Indeed, the current evidence suggests that allicin improves mitochondrial function by enhancing the expression of HSP70 and NRF2, decreasing RAAS activation, and promoting mitochondrial fusion processes. Finally, allicin represents an attractive therapeutic alternative targeting the complex interaction between cardiovascular and neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feres José Mocayar Marón
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU-UNCuyo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Beatriz Camargo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM), CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Walter Manucha
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU-UNCuyo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.
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