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Abstract
Metabolomics aims to profile the extensive array of metabolites that exists in different types of matrices using modern analytical techniques. These techniques help to separate, identify, and quantify the plethora of chemical compounds at various analytical platforms. Hence, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has emerged as an advanced analytical approach, exclusively owing to the 3D separation of metabolites and their isomers. Furthermore, separated metabolites are identified based on their mass fragmentation pattern and CCS (collision cross-section) values. The IMS provides an advanced alternative dimension to separate the isomeric metabolites with enhanced throughput with lesser chemical noise. Thus, the present review highlights the types, factors affecting the resolution, and applications of IMMS (Ion mobility mass spectrometry) for isomeric separations, and ionic contaminants in the plant samples. Furthermore, an overview of IMS-based applications for the identification of plant metabolites (volatile and non-volatile) over the last few decades has been discussed, followed by future assumptions for creating IM-based databases. Such approaches could be significant to accelerate and improve our knowledge of the vast chemical diversity found in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Joshi
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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2
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Schnitker FA, Steingass CB, Schweiggert R. Analytical characterization of anthocyanins using trapped ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2024; 459:140200. [PMID: 38996637 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanin profiles of juices from blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and different grape varieties (Vitis labrusca L. cv. Concord, Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Accent, Dunkelfelder, Dakapo, and GM 674-1) were characterized by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to trapped ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (TIMS-QTOF-MS/MS). Ion mobility and collision cross section (CCS) values of over 50 structurally related anthocyanins based on delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin, and malvidin were determined. Relations between molecular mass, mobility values, and specific structural features were revealed. The mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio of the molecular ions (M+) was found to be the major factor influencing anthocyanin ion mobilities, but structural characteristics also contributed to their variability. We were able to differentiate positional and geometrical isomers and certain epimers by their respective mobility values. For instance, whereas 3-O-hexosides (i.e., 3-O-glucosides and 3-O-galactosides) were separated by TIMS, epimers of 3-O-pentosides assessed could not be distinguished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike A Schnitker
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Christof B Steingass
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany.
| | - Ralf Schweiggert
- Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
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3
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Song XC, Canellas E, Dreolin N, Goshawk J, Lv M, Qu G, Nerin C, Jiang G. Application of Ion Mobility Spectrometry and the Derived Collision Cross Section in the Analysis of Environmental Organic Micropollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21485-21502. [PMID: 38091506 PMCID: PMC10753811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a rapid gas-phase separation technique, which can distinguish ions on the basis of their size, shape, and charge. The IMS-derived collision cross section (CCS) can serve as additional identification evidence for the screening of environmental organic micropollutants (OMPs). In this work, we summarize the published experimental CCS values of environmental OMPs, introduce the current CCS prediction tools, summarize the use of IMS and CCS in the analysis of environmental OMPs, and finally discussed the benefits of IMS and CCS in environmental analysis. An up-to-date CCS compendium for environmental contaminants was produced by combining CCS databases and data sets of particular types of environmental OMPs, including pesticides, drugs, mycotoxins, steroids, plastic additives, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), as well as their well-known transformation products. A total of 9407 experimental CCS values from 4170 OMPs were retrieved from 23 publications, which contain both drift tube CCS in nitrogen (DTCCSN2) and traveling wave CCS in nitrogen (TWCCSN2). A selection of publicly accessible and in-house CCS prediction tools were also investigated; the chemical space covered by the training set and the quality of CCS measurements seem to be vital factors affecting the CCS prediction accuracy. Then, the applications of IMS and the derived CCS in the screening of various OMPs were summarized, and the benefits of IMS and CCS, including increased peak capacity, the elimination of interfering ions, the separation of isomers, and the reduction of false positives and false negatives, were discussed in detail. With the improvement of the resolving power of IMS and enhancements of experimental CCS databases, the practicability of IMS in the analysis of environmental OMPs will continue to improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Chao Song
- School
of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research
I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Canellas
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research
I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nicola Dreolin
- Waters
Corporation, Stamford
Avenue, Altrincham Road, SK9 4AX Wilmslow, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Goshawk
- Waters
Corporation, Stamford
Avenue, Altrincham Road, SK9 4AX Wilmslow, United Kingdom
| | - Meilin Lv
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Research
Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of
Sciences, Northeastern University, 110819 Shenyang, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- School
of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute
of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Cristina Nerin
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research
I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Guibin Jiang
- School
of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute
of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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4
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Zhang J, Netzel ME, Pengelly A, Sivakumar D, Sultanbawa Y. A Review of Phytochemicals and Bioactive Properties in the Proteaceae Family: A Promising Source of Functional Food. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1952. [PMID: 38001805 PMCID: PMC10669417 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, natural plant-based foods have been increasingly used to improve human health due to unhealthy modern dietary patterns, such as the consumption of foods high in sugar and fat. Many indigenous species have been used by Aboriginal peoples for their food and therapeutic properties. Thus, it is important to understand the health-enhancing bioactive profile of Australian indigenous species. The Proteaceae family, such as the genera of Protea, Macadamia, and Grevillea, have been commercially used in the horticulture and food industries. Researchers have reported some findings about Persoonia species, one of the genera in the Proteaceae family. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the family Proteaceae and the genus Persoonia, including distribution, traditional and commercial uses, phytochemicals, bioactive properties, potential opportunities, and challenges. In this review, bioactive compounds and their properties related to the health benefits of the Proteaceae family, particularly the Persoonia genus, were reviewed for potential applications in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhang
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
| | - Michael E. Netzel
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
| | - Andrew Pengelly
- Indigenous Plants for Health Association, 196 Bridge St, Muswellbrook, NSW 2333, Australia;
| | - Dharini Sivakumar
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
- Phytochemical Food Network, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
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5
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Mafata M, Stander M, Masike K, Buica A. Exploratory data fusion of untargeted multimodal LC-HRMS with annotation by LCMS-TOF-ion mobility: White wine case study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2023; 29:111-122. [PMID: 36942424 PMCID: PMC10068406 DOI: 10.1177/14690667231164096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Applied sciences have increased focus on omics studies which merge data science with analytical tools. These studies often result in large amounts of data produced and the objective is to generate meaningful interpretations from them. This can sometimes mean combining and integrating different datasets through data fusion techniques. The most strategic course of action when dealing with products of unknown profile is to use exploratory approaches. For omics, this means using untargeted analytical methods and exploratory data analysis techniques. The current study aimed to perform data fusion on untargeted multimodal (negative and positive mode) liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry data using multiple factor analysis. The data fusion results were interpreted using agglomerative hierarchical clustering on biplot projections. The study reduced the thousands of spectral signals processed to less than a hundred features (a primary parameter combination of retention time and mass-to-charge ratios, RT_m/z). The correlations between cluster members (samples and features from) were calculated and the top 10% highly correlated features were identified for each cluster. These features were then tentatively identified using secondary parameters (drift time, ion mobility constant and collision cross-section values) from the ion mobility spectra. These ion mobility (secondary) parameters can be used for future studies in wine chemical analysis and added to the growing list of annotated chemical signals in applied sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mpho Mafata
- School for Data Science and Computational Thinking,
Stellenbosch
University, Stellenbosch, South
Africa
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, South African Grape and Wine
Research Institute, Stellenbosch
University, Stellenbosch, South
Africa
| | - Maria Stander
- Central Analytical Facility, Stellenbosch
University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Keabetswe Masike
- Central Analytical Facility, Stellenbosch
University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Astrid Buica
- School for Data Science and Computational Thinking,
Stellenbosch
University, Stellenbosch, South
Africa
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, South African Grape and Wine
Research Institute, Stellenbosch
University, Stellenbosch, South
Africa
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6
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Muller M, de Villiers A. A detailed evaluation of the advantages and limitations of online RP-LC×HILIC compared to HILIC×RP-LC for phenolic analysis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1692:463843. [PMID: 36780845 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The combination of hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) has proved effective in the LC × LC analysis of polyphenols due to the high degree of orthogonality associated with these separation modes for various classes of phenolic compounds. However, despite the growing number of such applications, HILIC is almost exclusively used as the first dimension (1D) separation mode, and RP-LC in the second dimension (2D). This is somewhat surprising in light of the potential advantages of swapping these separation modes. In this contribution, we present a detailed evaluation of the potential of online RP-LC × HILIC-MS for the analysis of phenolic compounds, comparing the performance of this system to the more established HILIC × RP-LC-MS configuration. Method development was performed using a predictive optimisation program, and fixed solvent modulation was employed to combat the solvent incompatibility between HILIC and RP-LC mobile phases. Red wine, rooibos tea, Protea and chestnut phenolic extracts containing a large diversity of phenolic compound classes were analysed by both HILIC × RP-LC- and RP-LC × HILIC-MS in order to compare the separation performance. Overall, the kinetic performance of HILIC × RP-LC was found to be clearly superior, with higher peak capacities and better resolution obtained for the majority of samples compared to RP-LC × HILIC analyses using similar column dimensions. Dilution of the 1D solvent combined with large volume injections proved insufficient to focus especially phenolic acids in the 2D HILIC separation, which resulted in severe 2D peak distortion for these compounds, and negatively impacted on method performance. On the other hand, a noteworthy improvement in the sensitivity of RP-LC × HILIC-MS analyses was observed due to higher ESI-MS response for the 2D HILIC mobile phase and greater sample loading capacity of the 1D RP-LC column, brought on by the high solubility of phenolic samples in aqueous solutions. As a result, a significantly higher number of compounds were detected in the RP-LC × HILIC-MS separations. These findings point to the potential advantage of RP-LC × HILIC as a complementary configuration to HILIC × RP-LC for phenolic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magriet Muller
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - André de Villiers
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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7
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Liu L, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Mei Y, Li L, Liu H, Wang Z, Yang L. Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry for the Separation and Characterization of Small Molecules. Anal Chem 2023; 95:134-151. [PMID: 36625109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Longchan Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Yuqi Mei
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Linnan Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China.,Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai201203, China
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8
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Sun J, Wang Z, Yang C. Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Development and Applications. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36325979 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2139589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although as an analytical method with high specificity and high sensitivity, mass spectrometry (MS) has a wide range of applications in many fields, it still needs other technologies as the assist and supplement to enhance the scope and capability of analysis. Coupling with ion mobility (IM) can make an enhancement effect in the field of pharmaceutical analysis as a supplementary method. The two-dimensional mass technology improves the confidence of compounds annotations while increasing peak capacity, with the gradual deepening of theoretical research on IM-MS, it has shown unique advantages in the complex analysis conditions. IM-MS owns great potential for improving the depth, range, dimension of in-depth drug research. In this review, the principle, instruments and methods, applications, advantages and limitations of IM-MS are described. Here, we also elaborate on the prospects in structural evaluation, separation, and identification of complex compounds for the drug discovery and development phase and the great advantages of macromolecules and omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Chunjuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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9
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Paglia G, Smith AJ, Astarita G. Ion mobility mass spectrometry in the omics era: Challenges and opportunities for metabolomics and lipidomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:722-765. [PMID: 33522625 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Researchers worldwide are taking advantage of novel, commercially available, technologies, such as ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS), for metabolomics and lipidomics applications in a variety of fields including life, biomedical, and food sciences. IM-MS provides three main technical advantages over traditional LC-MS workflows. Firstly, in addition to mass, IM-MS allows collision cross-section values to be measured for metabolites and lipids, a physicochemical identifier related to the chemical shape of an analyte that increases the confidence of identification. Second, IM-MS increases peak capacity and the signal-to-noise, improving fingerprinting as well as quantification, and better defining the spatial localization of metabolites and lipids in biological and food samples. Third, IM-MS can be coupled with various fragmentation modes, adding new tools to improve structural characterization and molecular annotation. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in IM-MS technologies and approaches utilized to support metabolomics and lipidomics applications and we assess the challenges and opportunities in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Paglia
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy
| | - Andrew J Smith
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Astarita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Yalo M, Makhaba M, Hussein AA, Sharma R, Koki M, Nako N, Mabusela WT. Characterization of Four New Compounds from Protea cynaroides Leaves and Their Tyrosinase Inhibitory Potential. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131751. [PMID: 35807702 PMCID: PMC9269349 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protea cynaroides (king protea) is a flowering plant that belongs to the Proteaceae family. This multi-stemmed shrub is the national flower of South Africa and has important economic and medicinal values. Traditionally, the main therapeutic benefits of this plant species include the treatment of cancer, bladder, and kidney ailments. There are very limited reports on the isolation of phytochemicals and their biological evaluation from P. cynaroides. In this study, the leaves of P. cynaroides were air-dried at room temperature, powdered, and extracted with 80% methanol followed by solvent fractionation (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol). The ethyl acetate and butanol extracts were chromatographed and afforded four new (1–4) and four known (5–8) compounds, whose structures were characterized accordingly as 3,4-bis(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (1), 4-hydroxybenzoyl-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (2), 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxo-4H-pyran-3-yl-6-O-benzoate-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 3-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-β-ionone 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (5), 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (6), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (7), and 3-hydroxykojic acid (8). The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was determined based on 1D and 2D NMR, FTIR, and HRMS spectroscopy, as well as compared with the available literature data. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities of the extracts and isolated compounds were also determined. According to the results, compounds 7 and 8 exhibited potent competitive tyrosinase inhibitory activity against L-tyrosine substrates with IC50 values of 0.8776 ± 0.012 and 0.7215 ± 0.090 µg/mL compared to the control (kojic acid, IC50 = 0.8347 ± 0.093), respectively. This study is the first chemical investigation of compounds 1–4 from a natural source and the first report of the biological evaluation of compounds 1–5 against the tyrosinase enzyme. The potent anti-tyrosinase activity exhibited by P. cynaroides constituents will support future exploration of the plant in the cosmetic field upon further biological and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masande Yalo
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (M.Y.); (M.M.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Masixole Makhaba
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (M.Y.); (M.M.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Ahmed A. Hussein
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa; (A.A.H.); (R.S.)
| | - Rajan Sharma
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Symphony Rd., Bellville 7535, South Africa; (A.A.H.); (R.S.)
| | - Mkhuseli Koki
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (M.Y.); (M.M.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Ndikho Nako
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (M.Y.); (M.M.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Wilfred T. Mabusela
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (M.Y.); (M.M.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-(0)21-959-3052; Fax: +27-(0)21-959-1281
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11
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Phenolic profiling and antioxidant evaluation of extracts from Southern African indigenous fruits byproducts. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Ramabulana T, Ndlovu M, Mosa RA, Sonopo MS, Selepe MA. Phytochemical Profiling and Isolation of Bioactive Compounds from Leucosidea sericea (Rosaceae). ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11964-11972. [PMID: 35449904 PMCID: PMC9016878 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the study, ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry analysis of Leucosidea sericea leaf and stem extracts led to the identification of various classes of compounds. Further chromatographic purifications resulted in the isolation of 22 compounds that consisted of a new triterpenoid named leucosidic acid A (1), an acetophenone derivative 2, a phloroglucinol derivative 3, three chromones 4-6, seven pentacyclic triterpenoids 7-13, a phytosterol glucoside 14, a flavonoid 15, and seven flavonoid glycosides 16-22. Nineteen of these compounds including the previously undescribed triterpenoid 1 are isolated for the first time from L. sericea. The structures of the isolated compounds were assigned based on their high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance data. Some of the isolated triterpenoids were evaluated for inhibitory activity against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase. Of the tested compounds, 1-hydroxy-2-oxopomolic acid (7) and pomolic acid (13) showed higher potency on α-glucosidase than acarbose, which is used as a positive control in this study. The two compounds inhibited α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 192.1 ± 13.81 and 85.5 ± 6.87 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tshifhiwa Ramabulana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Musawenkosi Ndlovu
- Department
of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Rebamang A. Mosa
- Department
of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Molahlehi S. Sonopo
- Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation Limited, Pelindaba, Brits 0240, South Africa
| | - Mamoalosi A. Selepe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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13
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Masike K, de Villiers A, de Beer D, Joubert E, Stander MA. Application of direct injection-ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (DI-IMS-MS) for the analysis of phenolics in honeybush and rooibos tea samples. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Fernández-Ochoa Á, Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL, Fernández-Moreno P, Rojas-García A, Arráez-Román D, Segura-Carretero A. Recent Analytical Approaches for the Study of Bioavailability and Metabolism of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:777. [PMID: 35164041 PMCID: PMC8838714 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the bioavailability of bioactive compounds is a fundamental step for the development of applications based on them, such as nutraceuticals, functional foods or cosmeceuticals. It is well-known that these compounds can undergo metabolic reactions before reaching therapeutic targets, which may also affect their bioactivity and possible applications. All recent studies that have focused on bioavailability and metabolism of phenolic and terpenoid compounds have been developed because of the advances in analytical chemistry and metabolomics approaches. The purpose of this review is to show the role of analytical chemistry and metabolomics in this field of knowledge. In this context, the different steps of the analytical chemistry workflow (design study, sample treatment, analytical techniques and data processing) applied in bioavailability and metabolism in vivo studies are detailed, as well as the most relevant results obtained from them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Metabolomics Platform, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (M.d.l.L.C.-G.); (P.F.-M.); (A.R.-G.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (M.d.l.L.C.-G.); (P.F.-M.); (A.R.-G.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Patricia Fernández-Moreno
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (M.d.l.L.C.-G.); (P.F.-M.); (A.R.-G.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Alejandro Rojas-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (M.d.l.L.C.-G.); (P.F.-M.); (A.R.-G.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - David Arráez-Román
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (M.d.l.L.C.-G.); (P.F.-M.); (A.R.-G.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (M.d.l.L.C.-G.); (P.F.-M.); (A.R.-G.); (A.S.-C.)
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15
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Li W, Yang X, Chen B, Zhao D, Wang H, Sun M, Li X, Xu X, Liu J, Wang S, Mi Y, Wang H, Yang W. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics combined with quantitative assay unveiled the metabolic difference among the root, leaf, and flower bud of Panax notoginseng. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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16
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Song XC, Canellas E, Dreolin N, Nerin C, Goshawk J. Discovery and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds in Bearberry ( Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) Leaves Using Liquid Chromatography-Ion Mobility-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:10856-10868. [PMID: 34493038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The characterization and quantification of phenolic compounds in bearberry leaves were performed using hyphenated ion mobility spectroscopy (IMS) and a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. A higher identification confidence level was obtained by comparing the measured collision cross section (TWCCSN2) with predicted values using a machine learning algorithm. A total of 88 compounds were identified, including 14 arbutin derivatives, 33 hydrolyzable tannins, 6 flavanols, 26 flavonols, 9 saccharide derivatives, and glycosidic compounds. Those most reliably reproduced in all samples were quantified against respective standards. Arbutin (47-107 mg/g), 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose (6.6-12.9 mg/g), and quercetin 3-galactoside/quercetin 3-glucoside (2.7-5.7 mg/g) were the most abundant phenolic components in the leaves. Quinic acid and ellagic acid were also detected at relatively high concentrations. The antioxidant activity of the most abundant compounds was evaluated. A critical view of the advantages and limitations of traveling wave IMS and CCS for the discovery of natural products is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Chao Song
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research I3A, CPS-University of Zaragoza, Torres Quevedo Building, María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Canellas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research I3A, CPS-University of Zaragoza, Torres Quevedo Building, María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nicola Dreolin
- Waters Corporation, Altrincham Road, SK9 4AX Wilmslow, U.K
| | - Cristina Nerin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research I3A, CPS-University of Zaragoza, Torres Quevedo Building, María de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jeff Goshawk
- Waters Corporation, Altrincham Road, SK9 4AX Wilmslow, U.K
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17
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An RP-LC-UV-TWIMS-HRMS and Chemometric Approach to Differentiate between Momordicabalsamina Chemotypes from Three Different Geographical Locations in Limpopo Province of South Africa. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071896. [PMID: 33801575 PMCID: PMC8036689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Momordica balsamina leaf extracts originating from three different geographical locations were analyzed using reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) coupled to travelling wave ion mobility (TWIMS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in conjunction with chemometric analysis to differentiate between potential chemotypes. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the three individual chemotypes was evaluated using HT-29 colon cancer cells. A total of 11 molecular species including three flavonol glycosides, five cucurbitane-type triterpenoid aglycones and three glycosidic cucurbitane-type triterpenoids were identified. The cucurbitane-type triterpenoid aglycones were detected in the positive ionization mode following dehydration [M + H − H2O]+ of the parent compound, whereas the cucurbitane-type triterpenoid glycosides were primarily identified following adduct formation with ammonia [M + NH4]+. The principle component analysis (PCA) loadings plot and a variable influence on projection (VIP) analysis revealed that the isomeric pair balsaminol E and/or karavilagen E was the key molecular species contributing to the distinction between geographical samples. Ultimately, based on statistical analysis, it is hypothesized that balsaminol E and/or karavilagen E are likely responsible for the cytotoxic effects in HT-29 cells.
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Masike K, Stander MA, de Villiers A. Recent applications of ion mobility spectrometry in natural product research. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 195:113846. [PMID: 33422832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a rapid separation technique capable of extracting complementary structural information to chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS). IMS, especially in combination with MS, has experienced inordinate growth in recent years as an analytical technique, and elicited intense interest in many research fields. In natural product analysis, IMS shows promise as an additional tool to enhance the performance of analytical methods used to identify promising drug candidates. Potential benefits of the incorporation of IMS into analytical workflows currently used in natural product analysis include the discrimination of structurally similar secondary metabolites, improving the quality of mass spectral data, and the use of mobility-derived collision cross-section (CCS) values as an additional identification criterion in targeted and untargeted analyses. This review aims to provide an overview of the application of IMS to natural product analysis over the last six years. Instrumental aspects and the fundamental background of IMS will be briefly covered, and recent applications of the technique for natural product analysis will be discussed to demonstrate the utility of the technique in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keabetswe Masike
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Maria A Stander
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Central Analytical Facility, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - André de Villiers
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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Piovesana S, Cavaliere C, Cerrato A, Montone CM, Laganà A, Capriotti AL. Developments and pitfalls in the characterization of phenolic compounds in food: From targeted analysis to metabolomics-based approaches. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Rapid and comprehensive profiling of α-glucosidase inhibitors in Buddleja Flos by ultrafiltration HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS with diagnostic ions filtering strategy. Food Chem 2020; 344:128651. [PMID: 33243557 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Buddleja Flos is used as yellow rice colorant and a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. But its biochemical profiling is still lack due to complex matrix. Here, ultrafiltration high-performance liquid chromatograph-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) with diagnostic ions filtering strategy was proposed for rapid and comprehensive investigation of its α-glucosidase inhibitors. As a result, 33 bioactive compounds (13 phenylethanoid glycosides and 20 flavonoids) were successfully screened and identified. In addition, α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of twenty-two references were verified. Six flavonoid aglycones (4, 28, and 30-33) showed excellent α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50, from 5.11 ± 0.85 to 32.49 ± 9.76 μg/mL), much higher than that of acarbose (IC50, 195.49 ± 10.05 μg/mL). Five flavonoid-monoglycosides (7, 12, 13, 20, and 22) presented moderate inhibitory activities with IC50 from 160.98 ± 23.19 to 249.37 ± 35.83 μg/mL. Results showcased the high efficiency of proposed strategy in profiling of bioactive compounds from natural products.
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Masike K, de Villiers A, Hoffman EW, Stander MA. Application of Metabolomics Tools to Determine Possible Biomarker Metabolites Linked to Leaf Blackening in Protea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12595-12605. [PMID: 32936621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The postharvesting disorder leaf blackening is the main cause of product rejection in Protea during export. In this study, we report an investigation into metabolites associated with leaf blackening in Protea species. Methanol extracts of leaf and involucral bract tissue were analyzed by liquid chromatography hyphenated to photodiode array and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-PDA-HRMS), where 116 features were annotated. Analytical data obtained from 37 Protea species, selections, and hybrids were investigated using metabolomics tools, which showed that stems susceptible to leaf blackening cluster together and contained features identified as benzenetriol- and/or hydroquinone-derived metabolites. On the other hand, species, selections, and cultivars not prone to blackening were linked to metabolites with known protective properties against biotic and abiotic stressors. During the browning process, susceptible cultivars also produce these protective metabolites, yet at innately low levels, which may render these species and cultivars more vulnerable to blackening. Metabolites that were found to be correlated to the instigation of the browning process, all comprising benzenetriol- and hydroquinone-glycoside derivatives, are highlighted to provide preliminary insights to guide the development of new Protea cultivars not susceptible to leaf blackening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keabetswe Masike
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - André de Villiers
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Eleanor W Hoffman
- Department of Horticultural Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Maria A Stander
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Central Analytical Facility, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
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