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Liaqat S, Fatima B, Hussain D, Imran M, Zahra Jawad SE, Imran M, Saeed A, Majeed S, Najam-Ul-Haq M. Doxorubicin encapsulated blend of sitagliptin-lignin polymeric drug delivery system for effective combination therapy against cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132146. [PMID: 38734342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In this research, a sitagliptin-lignin biopolymer (SL) containing zinc selenide quantum dots (ZnSe QDs) and doxorubicin (doxo) was synthesized. The fabricated polymeric drug delivery system was characterized via FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, IR, and DSC. SLQD-Doxo exhibited an irregular surface with a 32 nm diameter and well-defined surface chemistry. Drug loading efficiency was assessed at different concentrations, pH levels, time intervals, and temperatures, and drug kinetics were calculated. Maximum drug release was observed at 6 μmol concentration after 24 h, pH of 6.5 and 45 °C. The maximum drug encapsulation efficiency was 81.75 %. SLQD-Doxo demonstrated 24.4 ± 1.04 % anti-inflammatory activity, and the maximum lipoxygenase inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner was 71.45 ± 2.02 %, compared to indomethacin, a standard anticancer drug. The designed system was applied to breast cancer MCF-7 cells to evaluate anticancer activity. Cytotoxicity of SLQD-Doxo resulted in 24.48 ± 1.64 dead cells and 74.39 ± 4.12 viable cells. Lignin's polyphenolic nature resulted in good antioxidant activity of LLQD-Doxo. The combination of SLQD-Doxo was appropriate for drug delivery at high temperatures and acidic pH of tumor cells compared to healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Liaqat
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Batool Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Dilshad Hussain
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Biochemistry Section, Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Shan E Zahra Jawad
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Research Center for Advanced for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeela Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Saadat Majeed
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Najam-Ul-Haq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
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2
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Pei W, Yu Y, Wang P, Zheng L, Lan K, Jin Y, Yong Q, Huang C. Research trends of bio-application of major components in lignocellulosic biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) in orthopedics fields based on the bibliometric analysis: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131505. [PMID: 38631574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are the major bio-components in lignocellulosic biomass (BC-LB), which possess excellent biomechanical properties and biocompatibility to satisfy the demands of orthopedic applications. To understand the basis and trends in the development of major bio-components in BC-LB in orthopedics, the bibliometric technology was applied to get unique insights based on the published papers (741) in the Web of Science (WOS) database from January 1st, 2001, to February 14th, 2023. The analysis includes the annual distributions of publications, keywords co-linearity, research hotspots exploration, author collaboration networks, published journals, and clustering of co-cited literature. The results reveal a steady growth in publications focusing on the application of BC-LB in orthopedics, with China and the United States leading in research output. The "International Journal of Biological Macromolecules" was identified as the most cited journal for BC-LB research in orthopedics. The research hotspots encompassed bone tissue engineering, cartilage tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems, indicating the fundamental research and potential development in these areas. This study also highlights the challenges associated with the clinical application of BC-LB in orthopedics and provides valuable insights for future advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Pei
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuxin Yu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Liming Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310000, PR China
| | - Kai Lan
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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3
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Khadem E, Ghafarzadeh M, Kharaziha M, Sun F, Zhang X. Lignin derivatives-based hydrogels for biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129877. [PMID: 38307436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Recently, numerous studies have been conducted on renewable polymers derived from different natural sources, exploring their suitability for diverse biomedical applications. Lignin as one of the main components of lignocellulosic has garnered significant attention as a promising alternative to petroleum-based polymers. This interest is primarily due to its cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, eco-friendly nature, as well as its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. These characteristics could be more beneficial when incorporating lignin into the formulation of value-added products. Although lignin has a chemical structure that is suitable for various applications, these characteristics require modifications to guarantee that the resultant materials display the desired biological, chemical, and physical properties when applied in the creation of biodegradable hydrogels, particularly for biomedical purposes. This study delineates the recent modification approaches that have been employed in the creation of lignin-based hydrogels. These strategies encompass both chemical and physical interactions with other polymers. Additionally, this review encompasses an examination of the current applications of lignin hydrogels, spanning their use as scaffolds for tissue engineering, carriers for pharmaceuticals, materials for wound dressings and biosensors, and elements in flexible and wearable electronics. Finally, we delve into the challenges and constraints associated with these materials, discuss the necessary steps required to attain the appropriate properties for the development of innovative lignin-based hydrogels, and derive conclusions based on the presented findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khadem
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghafarzadeh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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4
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Wang Y, Lu Z, Liu B, Seidi F, Zhang C, Jiang B, Huang C, Xiao H, Wang P, Jin Y. Antitumor Effects of Carrier-Free Functionalized Lignin Materials on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4329-4342. [PMID: 38261787 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Lignin, as an abundant aromatic biopolymer in plants, has great potential for medical applications due to its active sites, antioxidant activity, low biotoxicity, and good biocompatibility. In this work, a simple and ecofriendly approach for lignin fractionation and modification was developed to improve the antitumor activity of lignin. The lignin fraction KL-3 obtained by the lignin gradient acid precipitation at pH = 9-13 showed good cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the cell-feeding lignin after additional structural modifications such as demethylation (DKL-3), sulfonation (SL-3), and demethylsulfonation (DSKL-3) could exhibit higher glutathione responsiveness in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in reactive oxygen species accumulation and mitochondrial damage and eventually leading to apoptosis in HepG2 cells with minimal damage to normal cells. The IC50 values for KL-3, SL-3, and DSKL-3 were 0.71, 0.57, and 0.41 mg/mL, respectively, which were superior to those of other biomass extractives or unmodified lignin. Importantly, in vivo experiments conducted in nude mouse models demonstrated good biosafety and effective tumor destruction. This work provides a promising example of constructing carrier-free functionalized lignin antitumor materials with different structures for inhibiting the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells, which is expected to improve cancer therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Vasile C, Baican M. Lignins as Promising Renewable Biopolymers and Bioactive Compounds for High-Performance Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3177. [PMID: 37571069 PMCID: PMC10420922 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The recycling of biomass into high-value-added materials requires important developments in research and technology to create a sustainable circular economy. Lignin, as a component of biomass, is a multipurpose aromatic polymer with a significant potential to be used as a renewable bioresource in many fields in which it acts both as promising biopolymer and bioactive compound. This comprehensive review gives brief insights into the recent research and technological trends on the potential of lignin development and utilization. It is divided into ten main sections, starting with an outlook on its diversity; main properties and possibilities to be used as a raw material for fuels, aromatic chemicals, plastics, or thermoset substitutes; and new developments in the use of lignin as a bioactive compound and in nanoparticles, hydrogels, 3D-printing-based lignin biomaterials, new sustainable biomaterials, and energy production and storage. In each section are presented recent developments in the preparation of lignin-based biomaterials, especially the green approaches to obtaining nanoparticles, hydrogels, and multifunctional materials as blends and bio(nano)composites; most suitable lignin type for each category of the envisaged products; main properties of the obtained lignin-based materials, etc. Different application categories of lignin within various sectors, which could provide completely sustainable energy conversion, such as in agriculture and environment protection, food packaging, biomedicine, and cosmetics, are also described. The medical and therapeutic potential of lignin-derived materials is evidenced in applications such as antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor agents; carriers for drug delivery systems with controlled/targeting drug release; tissue engineering and wound healing; and coatings, natural sunscreen, and surfactants. Lignin is mainly used for fuel, and, recently, studies highlighted more sustainable bioenergy production technologies, such as the supercapacitor electrode, photocatalysts, and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Vasile
- Romanian Academy, “P. Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, RO700487 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Mihaela Baican
- “Grigore T. Popa” Medicine and Pharmacy University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences I Department, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physics, 16 University Street, RO700115 Iaşi, Romania;
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Balk M, Sofia P, Neffe AT, Tirelli N. Lignin, the Lignification Process, and Advanced, Lignin-Based Materials. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11668. [PMID: 37511430 PMCID: PMC10380785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
At a time when environmental considerations are increasingly pushing for the application of circular economy concepts in materials science, lignin stands out as an under-used but promising and environmentally benign building block. This review focuses (A) on understanding what we mean with lignin, i.e., where it can be found and how it is produced in plants, devoting particular attention to the identity of lignols (including ferulates that are instrumental for integrating lignin with cell wall polysaccharides) and to the details of their coupling reactions and (B) on providing an overview how lignin can actually be employed as a component of materials in healthcare and energy applications, finally paying specific attention to the use of lignin in the development of organic shape-memory materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Balk
- Institute of Functional Materials for Sustainability, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstrasse 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Pietro Sofia
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- The Open University Affiliated Research Centre at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ARC@IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Axel T Neffe
- Institute of Functional Materials for Sustainability, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstrasse 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Moreno A, Delgado-Lijarcio J, Ronda JC, Cádiz V, Galià M, Sipponen MH, Lligadas G. Breathable Lignin Nanoparticles as Reversible Gas Swellable Nanoreactors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205672. [PMID: 36478382 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The design of stimuli-responsive lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) for advanced applications has hitherto been limited to the preparation of lignin-grafted polymers in which usually the lignin content is low (<25 wt.%) and its role is debatable. Here, the preparation of O2 -responsive LNPs exceeding 75 wt.% in lignin content is shown. Softwood Kraft lignin (SKL) is coprecipitated with a modified SKL fluorinated oleic acid ester (SKL-OlF) to form colloidal stable hybrid LNPs (hy-LNPs). The hy-LNPs with a SKL-OlF content ranging from 10 to 50 wt.% demonstrated a reversible swelling behavior upon O2 /N2 bubbling, increasing their size - ≈35% by volume - and changing their morphology from spherical to core-shell. Exposition of hy-LNPs to O2 bubbling promotes a polarity change on lignin-fluorinated oleic chains, and consequently their migration from the inner part to the surface of the particle, which not only increases the particle size but also endows hy-LNPs with enhanced stability under harsh conditions (pH < 2.5) by the hydration barrier effect. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that these new stimuli-responsive particles as gas tunable nanoreactors for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Combining a straightforward preparation with their enhanced stability and responsiveness to O2 gas these new LNPs pave the way for the next generation of smart lignin-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Moreno
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lijarcio
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Juan C Ronda
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Virginia Cádiz
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Marina Galià
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Mika H Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
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Moreira WM, Moreira PVV, Dos Santos DF, Gimenes ML, Vieira MGA. Nanogreen is the new future: the conversion of lignin and lignocellulosic wastes into nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:19564-19591. [PMID: 36645595 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The lignocellulose biorefinery industry has assumed an important role within the current scenario. Lignin is an abundant and available biopolymer and one of the compounds present in the lignocellulosic waste. Therefore, processing lignin into new materials and nanomaterials, such as nanolignin, has attracted the attention of the scientific community. Lignin nanoparticles are materials that have excellent properties, such as biodegradability and non-toxicity, and have great potential as chelating agents, antimicrobials agents, UV protectors, nanofillers, adsorbents, catalysts, supercapacitors, emulsion stabilizers, delivered systems, drugs, and gene carriers. This review article covers the emergent scenario of nanolignin and the main aspects of scientific interest, such as the conversion and functionalization of lignin, the valorization of lignocellulose waste, and nanoparticle synthesis. A techno-economic evaluation of the biorefinery model of the nanolignin synthesis is presented based on the simulation of the process on the experimental and commercial databases available and reported by some authors. Finally, the techno-economic assessment is complemented by the life cycle assessment of various nanolignin synthesis pathways reported to evaluate the environmental implications and support this emergent technology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wardleison Martins Moreira
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 50013083-852, Brazil.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, PEQ, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil.
| | - Paula Valéria Viotti Moreira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, PEQ, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Débora Federici Dos Santos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, PEQ, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Luiz Gimenes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, PEQ, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 50013083-852, Brazil
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Zhu G, Shang J, Wen W, Li Y, Yin G. Multilamellar spherical micelles of alkali lignin: dissipative particle dynamics simulations. J Mol Model 2023; 29:33. [PMID: 36622451 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lignin has an immense potential for the production of lignin-based functional materials. In this work, effect of 2-chloro-ethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (AC)-grafted alkali lignin (AL) on the morphologies in water was investigated by dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations. The results showed that AL molecules formed spherical micelles, but the corresponding phenylpropane units of AL were randomly distributed in spherical micelles. However, AC-grafted modification of phenolic hydroxyl groups in AL led to the formation of multilamellar spherical micelles. The formation of multilamellar spherical micelles of AL mainly went through four stages: small clusters, larger aggregates with a core-shell structure, trilaminar, and multilamellar spherical micelles. AL molecules resulted in dimethomorph molecules being randomly distributed in the spherical micelle, while the dimethomorph molecules were perfectly entrapped into the spherical micelles of AC-grafted AL. Various molecular weights of AL had no effect on the formation and size of multilamellar spherical micelles. With increasing the content of AC-grafted AL, small clusters, multilamellar spherical micelles, tube-like, and lamellar aggregates were observed successively. This work highlights the potential of lignin to prepare monodispersed lignin-based functional colloidal spheres. METHODS Coarse-grained beads were performed energy minimization, geometric optimization, NPT ensemble (298 K and 1.0 bar), and NVT ensemble (298 K) calculations. DPD simulations were carried out at 300,000 steps in a 30×30×30 Rc3 cubic box with Materials Studio 7.0 program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodian Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China. .,Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China. .,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Clean Transportation Energy Chemistry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jingqi Shang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Weihong Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guoqiang Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
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10
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Mandal DD, Singh G, Majumdar S, Chanda P. Challenges in developing strategies for the valorization of lignin-a major pollutant of the paper mill industry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:11119-11140. [PMID: 36504305 PMCID: PMC9742045 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Apart from protecting the environment from undesired waste impacts, wastewater treatment is a crucial platform for recovery. The exploitation of suitable technology to transform the wastes from pulp and paper industries (PPI) to value-added products is vital from an environmental and socio-economic point of view that will impact everyday life. As the volume and complexity of wastewater increase in a rapidly urbanizing world, the challenge of maintaining efficient wastewater treatment in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner must be met. In addition to producing treated water, the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) has a large amount of paper mill sludge (PMS) daily. Sludge management and disposal are significant problems associated with wastewater treatment plants. Applying the biorefinery concept is necessary for PPI from an environmental point of view and because of the piles of valuables contained therein in the form of waste. This will provide a renewable source for producing valuables and bio-energy and aid in making the overall process more economical and environmentally sustainable. Therefore, it is compulsory to continue inquiry on different applications of wastes, with proper justification of the environmental and economic factors. This review discusses current trends and challenges in wastewater management and the bio-valorization of paper mills. Lignin has been highlighted as a critical component for generating valuables, and its recovery prospects from solid and liquid PPI waste have been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Dasgupta Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209 West Bengal India
| | - Gaurav Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209 West Bengal India
| | - Subhasree Majumdar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209 West Bengal India
- Department of Zoology, Sonamukhi College, Sonamukhi, Bankura, 722207 West Bengal India
| | - Protik Chanda
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, 713209 West Bengal India
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Ju J, Wu Y, He W, Zhan L, Yin X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Qiu L, Muhammad P, Reis RL, Li C. Nanocarriers for Active Ingredients of Chinese Medicine (AIFCM) Used in Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapy. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Active ingredients of Chinese medicine (AIFCM) are pharmacological substances taken from traditional Chinese medicine that show promise in treating gastrointestinal cancer. Compared with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs, AIFCM have advantages such as multi-target and multi-level treatment
of gastrointestinal cancer. Nanocarriers have the following advantages, better bioavailability, passive or active targeting of tumor sites and responsive release of drugs. The use of nanocarriers for delivery of AIFCM in treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, can overcome the disadvantages
of some AIFCM, such as insolubility and low bioavailability. In this review, we first outline the background on gastrointestinal cancer, main curative factors and conventional therapeutic approaches. Then, the mechanisms for AIFCM in gastrointestinal cancer therapy are presented in the following
four aspects: gene regulation, immune modulation, cellular pathway transduction, and alteration of intestinal flora. Thirdly, preparation of various nanocarriers and results when combining AIFCM in gastrointestinal cancer are presented. Fourth, application of novel targeted nanocarriers and
responsive nanocarriers in gastrointestinal tumors is further introduced. Finally, the application of AIFCM in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer is summarized and prospected, hoping to shed some light on the nanocarrier-bound AIFCM in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Ju
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yinghua Wu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wen He
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lin Zhan
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xuelian Yin
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Li Qiu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Pir Muhammad
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue, Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães,
4805-017, Portugal
| | - Chenchen Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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12
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Ali DA, Mehanna MM. Role of lignin-based nanoparticles in anticancer drug delivery and bioimaging: An up-to-date review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:934-953. [PMID: 36089088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lignin, an aromatic biopolymer, is the second most abundant naturally occurring one after cellulose that has drawn a great deal of interest over the years for its potential uses owing to the presence of high content of phenolic compounds, ecofriendly feature and cost-efficiency in comparison to the synthetic polymers. Nevertheless, with the intention of advancing its development, several efforts have been performed in the direction of utilizing lignin on the nanoscale due to its inimitable properties. The notable absorption capacity, fluorescence emission, biodegradability and non-toxicity of lignin nanoparticles permit its appropriateness as a vehicle for drugs and as a bioimaging material. Moreover, lignin nanoparticles have shown plausible therapeutic effects, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant. The current review sheds light on the recent development in the formulation and anticancer applications of lignin nanoparticles as a drug carrier and as a diagnostic tool. The surface properties of the nanomaterial affect the end product characteristics, hence, factors namely; lignin source, isolation technique, purification and quantitation methods, are discussed in this review. This study represents original work that has not been published elsewhere and that has not been submitted simultaneously for publication elsewhere. The manuscript has been read, revised, and approved by the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana A Ali
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammed M Mehanna
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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13
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Zhou H, Modi S, Biswas P. Controlled synthesis of charged lignin nanocarriers by electrospray. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Pei W, Deng J, Wang P, Wang X, Zheng L, Zhang Y, Huang C. Sustainable lignin and lignin-derived compounds as potential therapeutic agents for degenerative orthopaedic diseases: A systemic review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:547-560. [PMID: 35643155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lignin, the most abundant natural and sustainable phenolic compound in biomass, has exhibited medicinal values due to its biological activities decided by physicochemical properties. Recently, the lignin and its derivatives (such as lignosulfonates and lignosulfonate) have been proven efficient in regulating cellular process and the extracellular microenvironment, which has been regarded as the key factor in disease progression. In orthopaedic diseases, especially the degenerative diseases represented by osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, excessive activated inflammation has been proven as a key stage in the pathological process. Due to the excellent biocompatibility, antibacterial and antioxidative activities of lignin and its derivatives, they have been applied to stimulate cells and restore the uncoupling bone remodeling in the degenerative orthopaedic diseases. However, there is a lack of a systemic review to state the current research actuality of lignin and lignin-derived compounds in treating degenerative orthopaedic diseases. Herein, we summarized the current application of lignin and lignin-derived compounds in orthopaedic diseases and proposed their possible therapeutic mechanism in treating degenerative orthopaedic diseases. It is hoped this work could guide the future preparation of lignin/lignin-derived drugs and implants as available therapeutic strategies for clinically degenerative orthopaedic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Pei
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Junping Deng
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xucai Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Liming Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Yangheng Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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15
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Tunning the properties of pH-responsive lignin-based hydrogels by regulating hydroxyl content. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Sethupathy S, Murillo Morales G, Gao L, Wang H, Yang B, Jiang J, Sun J, Zhu D. Lignin valorization: Status, challenges and opportunities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126696. [PMID: 35026423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an abundant aromatic biopolymer, lignin has the potential to produce various chemicals, biofuels of interest through biorefinery activities and is expected to benefit the future circular economy. However, lignin valorization is hindered by a series of constraints such as heterogeneous polymeric nature, intrinsic recalcitrance, strong smell, dark colour, challenges in lignocelluloses fractionation and the presence of high bond dissociation enthalpies in its functional groups etc. Nowadays, industrial lignin is mostly combusted for electricity production and the recycling of inorganic compounds involved in the pulping process. Given the research and development on lignin valorization in recent years, important applications such as lignin-based hydrogels, surfactants, three-dimensional printing materials, electrodes and production of fine chemicals have been systematically reviewed. Finally, this review highlights the main constraints affecting industrial lignin valorization, possible solutions and future perspectives, in the light of its abundance and its potential applications reported in the scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasamy Sethupathy
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Gabriel Murillo Morales
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Lu Gao
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering /College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Daochen Zhu
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, PR China.
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17
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Ameli H, Alizadeh N. Targeted delivery of capecitabine to colon cancer cells using nano polymeric micelles based on beta cyclodextrin. RSC Adv 2022; 12:4681-4691. [PMID: 35425510 PMCID: PMC8981441 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07791k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano polymeric micelles (nano PMs) help to increase accessibility to tumor sites, decrease side effects and allow controlled drug dissemination over a long period of time. The aim of this study was to optimize the delivery of the anticancer drug capecitabine (CAP) using nano PMs and cyclodextrin (CD) to allow the treatment of colon cancer. A pH-responsive copolymer was prepared and the variables of loading time, loading temperature, the amount of copolymer and also the ratio of acrylic/maleic copolymer to beta CD and the effect that these variables have on drug loading were investigated, with variable optimization studies carried out following a definitive screening design (DSD). The morphology and structure of the particles were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In vitro drug release exemplified that the micelles were pH-sensitive, this action was shown that firstly the drug release was done perfectly targeted and under control and secondly the drug has been released above 80% inside the colon. Nano polymeric micelles (nano PMs) help to increase accessibility to tumor sites, decrease side effects and allow controlled drug dissemination over a long period of time.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ameli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan P.B. 41335-1914 Rasht Iran
| | - Nina Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan P.B. 41335-1914 Rasht Iran
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18
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Next generation applications of lignin derived commodity products and their life cycle, techno-economical and societal analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 197:179-200. [PMID: 34968542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The pulp and biorefining industries produce their waste as lignin, which is one of the most abundant renewable resources. So far, lignin has been remained severely underutilized and generally burnt in a boiler as a low-value fuel. To demonstrate lignin's potential as a value-added product, we will review market opportunities for lignin related applications by utilizing the thermo-chemical/biological depolymerization strategies (with or without catalysts) and their comparative evaluation. The application of lignin and its derived aromatics in various sectors such as cement industry, bitumen modifier, energy materials, agriculture, nanocomposite, biomedical, H2 source, biosensor and bioimaging have been summarized. This comprehensive review article also highlights the technical, economic, environmental, and socio-economic variable that affect the market value of lignin-derived by-products. The review shows the importance of lignin, and its derived products are a platform for future bioeconomy and sustainability.
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19
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Kumar R, Butreddy A, Kommineni N, Reddy PG, Bunekar N, Sarkar C, Dutt S, Mishra VK, Aadil KR, Mishra YK, Oupicky D, Kaushik A. Lignin: Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2419-2441. [PMID: 33814908 PMCID: PMC8009556 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s303462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin is an abundant renewable natural biopolymer. Moreover, a significant development in lignin pretreatment and processing technologies has opened a new window to explore lignin and lignin-based bionanomaterials. In the last decade, lignin has been widely explored in different applications such as drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, food science, water purification, biofuels, environmental, pharmaceuticals, nutraceutical, catalysis, and other interesting low-value-added energy applications. The complex nature and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and biocompatibility of lignin attracted its use in various biomedical applications because of ease of functionalization, availability of diverse functional sites, tunable physicochemical and mechanical properties. In addition to it, its diverse properties such as reactivity towards oxygen radical, metal chelation, renewable nature, biodegradability, favorable interaction with cells, nature to mimic the extracellular environment, and ease of nanoparticles preparation make it a very interesting material for biomedical use. Tremendous progress has been made in drug delivery and tissue engineering in recent years. However, still, it remains challenging to identify an ideal and compatible nanomaterial for biomedical applications. In this review, recent progress of lignin towards biomedical applications especially in drug delivery and in tissue engineering along with challenges, future possibilities have been comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Arun Butreddy
- Formulation R&D, Biological E. Limited, IKP Knowledge Park, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500078, India
| | - Nagavendra Kommineni
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Pulikanti Guruprasad Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Tirupati, Tirupati, 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Bunekar
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 32023, Taiwan
| | - Chandrani Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Mahila College, Kolhan University, Chaibasa, Jharkhand, 833202, India
| | - Sunil Dutt
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Post Graduate College, Una, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | | | - Keshaw Ram Aadil
- Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492010, Chhattishgarh, India
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Sønderborg, 6400, Denmark
| | - David Oupicky
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health Systems Engineering, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art, & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, 33805, USA
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20
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Oral Drug Delivery: Conventional to Long Acting New-Age Designs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 162:23-42. [PMID: 33631319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Oral route of administration forms the heartwood of the ever-growing tree of drug delivery technology. It is one of the most preferred dosage forms among patients and controlled release community. Despite the high patient compliance, the deliveries of anti-cancerous drugs, vaccines, proteins, etc. via the oral route are limited and have recorded a very low bioavailability. The oral administration must overcome the physiological barriers (low solubility, permeation and early degradation) to achieve efficient and sustained delivery. This review aims at highlighting the conventional and modern-age strategies that address some of these physiological barriers. The modern age designs include the 3D printed devices and formulations. The superiority of 3D dosage forms over conventional cargos is summarized with a focus on long-acting designs. The innovations in Pharmaceutical organizations (Lyndra, Assertio and Intec) that have taken giant steps towards commercialization of long-acting vehicles are discussed. The recent advancements made in the arena of oral peptide delivery are also highlighted. The review represents a comprehensive journey from Nano-formulations to micro-fabricated oral implants aiming at specific patient-centric designs.
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21
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Phenolic compounds from ‘Hass’ avocado peel are retained in the indigestible fraction after an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00794-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Tawfik SM, Azizov S, Elmasry MR, Sharipov M, Lee YI. Recent Advances in Nanomicelles Delivery Systems. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 11:E70. [PMID: 33396938 PMCID: PMC7823398 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The efficient and selective delivery of therapeutic drugs to the target site remains the main obstacle in the development of new drugs and therapeutic interventions. Up until today, nanomicelles have shown their prospective as nanocarriers for drug delivery owing to their small size, good biocompatibility, and capacity to effectively entrap lipophilic drugs in their core. Nanomicelles are formed via self-assembly in aqueous media of amphiphilic molecules into well-organized supramolecular structures. Molecular weights and structure of the core and corona forming blocks are important properties that will determine the size of nanomicelles and their shape. Selective delivery is achieved via novel design of various stimuli-responsive nanomicelles that release drugs based on endogenous or exogenous stimulations such as pH, temperature, ultrasound, light, redox potential, and others. This review summarizes the emerging micellar nanocarriers developed with various designs, their outstanding properties, and underlying principles that grant targeted and continuous drug delivery. Finally, future perspectives, and challenges for nanomicelles are discussed based on the current achievements and remaining issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah M. Tawfik
- Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea; (S.M.T.); (S.A.); (M.R.E.); (M.S.)
- Surfactant Laboratory, Department of Petrochemicals, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
| | - Shavkatjon Azizov
- Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea; (S.M.T.); (S.A.); (M.R.E.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Polysaccharide Chemistry, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Science, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan
| | - Mohamed R. Elmasry
- Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea; (S.M.T.); (S.A.); (M.R.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Mirkomil Sharipov
- Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea; (S.M.T.); (S.A.); (M.R.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Yong-Ill Lee
- Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea; (S.M.T.); (S.A.); (M.R.E.); (M.S.)
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23
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Liu G, Lovell JF, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Stimulus-Responsive Nanomedicines for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6380. [PMID: 32887466 PMCID: PMC7504550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems generally aim to release the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in response to specific conditions and have recently been explored for disease treatments. These approaches can also be extended to molecular imaging to report on disease diagnosis and management. The stimuli used for activation are based on differences between the environment of the diseased or targeted sites, and normal tissues. Endogenous stimuli include pH, redox reactions, enzymatic activity, temperature and others. Exogenous site-specific stimuli include the use of magnetic fields, light, ultrasound and others. These endogenous or exogenous stimuli lead to structural changes or cleavage of the cargo carrier, leading to release of the API. A wide variety of stimulus-responsive systems have been developed-responsive to both a single stimulus or multiple stimuli-and represent a theranostic tool for disease treatment. In this review, stimuli commonly used in the development of theranostic nanoplatforms are enumerated. An emphasis on chemical structure and property relationships is provided, aiming to focus on insights for the design of stimulus-responsive delivery systems. Several examples of theranostic applications of these stimulus-responsive nanomedicines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jonathan F. Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA;
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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