1
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Li K, Hu W, Wang Y, Chen W, Wen H, Liu J, Li W, Wang B. Searching for novel MDM2/MDMX dual inhibitors through a drug repurposing approach. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2288810. [PMID: 38059334 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2288810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of p53-MDM2/MDMX interaction by smaller inhibitors is a promising therapeutic intervention gaining tremendous interest. However, no MDM2/MDMX inhibitors have been marketed so far. Drug repurposing is a validated, practical approach to drug discovery. In this regard, we employed structure-based virtual screening in a reservoir of marketed drugs and identified nintedanib as a new MDM2/MDMX dual inhibitor. The computational structure analysis and biochemical experiments uncover that nintedanib binds MDM2/MDMX similarly to RO2443, a dual MDM2/MDMX inhibitor. Furthermore, the mechanistic study reveals that nintedanib disrupts the physical interaction of p53-MDM2/MDMX, enabling the transcriptional activation of p53 and the subsequent cell cycle arrest and growth inhibition in p53+/+ cancer cells. Lastly, structural minimisation of nintedanib yields H3 with the equivalent potency. In summary, this work provides a solid foundation for reshaping nintedanib as a valuable lead compound for the further design of MDM2/MDMX dual inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenshu Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongmei Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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2
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El Allouche Y, Alaqarbeh M, El Aissouq A, El Rhabori S, Ech-Chahdi Y, Bouachrine M, Zaitan H, Khalil F. Chemoinformatics Study of Benzodiazepine-1, 2, 3-triazole Derivatives Targeting Butyrylcholinesterase. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03812-8. [PMID: 38884828 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03812-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the potential bioactivity of newly designed benzodiazepine-1,2,3-triazole derivatives using in-silico methodologies, with a primary focus on elucidating their inhibitory interactions with the butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzyme, which is implicated in Alzheimer's disease. We employed multiple linear regression (MLR) methods to conduct a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis on a collection of 31 benzodiazepine-1,2,3-triazole derivatives, with the goal of investigating, assessing, and predicting their activities, as well as designing novel compounds. This approach yielded highly accurate results, with coefficients of determination (R²) of 0.77 and 0.81 for the training and test datasets, respectively. Additionally, the optimized compounds were subjected to an Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) analysis, demonstrating their potential as non-hepatotoxic agents with enhanced absorption and blood-brain barrier permeability. To further validate these findings, the most favorable docking conformations were analyzed using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with GROMACS software, predicting the stability of the formed complexes. These simulations underscored the critical role of hydrogen bonds in stabilizing the compounds at the BuChE receptor binding site. The results hold great promise for the development of innovative benzodiazepine-1,2,3-triazole derivatives as effective BuChE inhibitors, potentially leading to therapeutic interventions for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine El Allouche
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Marwa Alaqarbeh
- Basic Science Department, Prince Al Hussein bin Abdullah II Academy for Civil Protection, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, 19117, Jordan
| | - Abdellah El Aissouq
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Said El Rhabori
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Youssra Ech-Chahdi
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bouachrine
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Hicham Zaitan
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Fouad Khalil
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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3
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Méndez D, Tellería F, Monroy-Cárdenas M, Montecino-Garrido H, Mansilla S, Castro L, Trostchansky A, Muñoz-Córdova F, Zickermann V, Schiller J, Alfaro S, Caballero J, Araya-Maturana R, Fuentes E. Linking triphenylphosphonium cation to a bicyclic hydroquinone improves their antiplatelet effect via the regulation of mitochondrial function. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103142. [PMID: 38581860 PMCID: PMC11002875 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets are the critical target for preventing and treating pathological thrombus formation. However, despite current antiplatelet therapy, cardiovascular mortality remains high, and cardiovascular events continue in prescribed patients. In this study, first results were obtained with ortho-carbonyl hydroquinones as antiplatelet agents; we found that linking triphenylphosphonium cation to a bicyclic ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone moiety by a short alkyl chain significantly improved their antiplatelet effect by affecting the mitochondrial functioning. The mechanism of action involves uncoupling OXPHOS, which leads to an increase in mitochondrial ROS production and a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and OCR. This alteration disrupts the energy production by mitochondrial function necessary for the platelet activation process. These effects are responsive to the complete structure of the compounds and not to isolated parts of the compounds tested. The results obtained in this research can be used as the basis for developing new antiplatelet agents that target mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Méndez
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Francisca Tellería
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Matías Monroy-Cárdenas
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Héctor Montecino-Garrido
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Santiago Mansilla
- Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Laura Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | | | - Volker Zickermann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Medical School, Germany
| | - Jonathan Schiller
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Medical School, Germany
| | - Sergio Alfaro
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente No. 1141, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente No. 1141, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, MIBI: Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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4
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Truong DT, Ho K, Pham DQH, Chwastyk M, Nguyen-Minh T, Nguyen MT. Treatment of flexibility of protein backbone in simulations of protein-ligand interactions using steered molecular dynamics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10475. [PMID: 38714683 PMCID: PMC11076533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To ensure that an external force can break the interaction between a protein and a ligand, the steered molecular dynamics simulation requires a harmonic restrained potential applied to the protein backbone. A usual practice is that all or a certain number of protein's heavy atoms or Cα atoms are fixed, being restrained by a small force. This present study reveals that while fixing both either all heavy atoms and or all Cα atoms is not a good approach, while fixing a too small number of few atoms sometimes cannot prevent the protein from rotating under the influence of the bulk water layer, and the pulled molecule may smack into the wall of the active site. We found that restraining the Cα atoms under certain conditions is more relevant. Thus, we would propose an alternative solution in which only the Cα atoms of the protein at a distance larger than 1.2 nm from the ligand are restrained. A more flexible, but not too flexible, protein will be expected to lead to a more natural release of the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Toan Truong
- Laboratory for Chemical Computation and Modeling, Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Kiet Ho
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology (ICST), Quang Trung Software City, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | | | - Mateusz Chwastyk
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thai Nguyen-Minh
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Laboratory for Chemical Computation and Modeling, Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
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5
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Niu P, Tao Y, Lin G, Xu H, Meng Q, Yang K, Huang W, Song M, Ding K, Ma D, Fan M. Design and Synthesis of Novel Macrocyclic Derivatives as Potent and Selective Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 7 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6099-6118. [PMID: 38586950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The duality of function (cell cycle regulation and gene transcription) of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) makes it an attractive oncology target and the discovery of CDK7 inhibitors has been a long-term pursuit by academia and pharmaceutical companies. However, achieving selective leading compounds is still difficult owing to the similarities among the ATP binding pocket. Herein, we detail the design and synthesis of a series of macrocyclic derivatives with pyrazolo[1,5-a]-1,3,5-triazine core structure as potent and selective CDK7 inhibitors. The diverse manners of macrocyclization led to distinguished selectivity profiles of the CDK family. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation explained the binding difference between 15- and 16-membered macrocyclic compounds. Further optimization generated compound 37 exhibiting good CDK7 inhibitory activity and high selectivity over other CDKs. This work clearly demonstrated macrocyclization is a versatile method to finely tune the selectivity profile of small molecules and MD simulation can be a valuable tool in prioritizing designs of the macrocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Niu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine (AMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yanxin Tao
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guohao Lin
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Huiqi Xu
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Qingyuan Meng
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kang Yang
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Weixue Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Meiru Song
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Dawei Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Mengyang Fan
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
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6
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Islam S, Salekeen R, Ashraf A. Computational screening of natural MtbDXR inhibitors for novel anti-tuberculosis compound discovery. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3593-3603. [PMID: 37272886 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2218933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
DXR (1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase) is an essential enzyme in the Methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which is used by M. tuberculosis and a few other pathogens. This essential enzyme in the isoprenoid synthesis pathway has been previously reported as an important target for antibiotic drug design. However, till now, there is no record of any drug-like safe molecule to inhibit MtbDXR. Numerous plant species have been traditionally used for tuberculosis therapies. In this study, we selected six plant species with anti-tubercular properties. The chemoinformatic screening was performed on 352 phytochemicals from those plants against the MtbDXR protein. After molecular docking analysis, we filtered the top five compounds, CID: 5280443 (Apigenin), CID: 3220 (Emodin), CID: 5280863 (Kaempferol), CID: 5280445 (Luteolin), and CID: 6101979 (beta-Hydroxychalcone), based on binding affinity. Molecular dynamics simulations disclosed the stability of the compounds at the active site of the proteins. Finally, in silico ADME and toxicity evaluations confirmed the compounds to be effective and safe for oral administration. Thus, our findings identified three drug-like safe molecules- Apigenin, Kaempferol, and beta-Hydroxychalcone, that showed good stability in the protein's active site. The results of this computational approach may act as an initial instruction for future in vitro and in vivo testing to identify natural drug-like compounds to treat tuberculosis.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Islam
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Rahagir Salekeen
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Ayesha Ashraf
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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7
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Alharbi B, Alharethi SH, Al-Soud WA, Ahmed Al-Keridis L, Aljohani AA, Jairajpuri DS, Alshammari N, Adnan M. Exploring the potential of phytochemicals as inhibitors of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase 1 targeting cancer therapy. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3193-3203. [PMID: 37184152 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2212810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase 1 (PAPSS1) is an enzyme that critically synthesises the biologically active form of sulfate (PAPS) for all sulfation reactions. The discovery of PAPSS1 as a possible drug target for cancer therapy, specifically in non-small cell lung cancer, has prompted us to investigate potential small-molecule inhibitors of PAPSS1. Here, a structure-based virtual screening method was used to search for phytochemicals in the IMPPAT database to find potential inhibitors of PAPSS1. The primary hits were selected based on their physicochemical, ADMET, and drug-like properties. Then, the binding affinities were calculated and analyzed the interactions to identify safer and more effective hits. The research identified two phytochemicals, Guggulsterone and Corylin, that exhibited significant affinity and specific interaction with the ATP-binding pocket of PAPSS1. Structural observations made by molecular docking were further accompanied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and principal component analysis (PCA) to examine the conformational changes and stability of PAPSS1 with the elucidated compounds Guggulsterone and Corylin. MD simulation results suggested that the binding of Guggulsterone and Corylin stabilizes the PAPSS1 structure, leading to fewer conformational changes. This implies that these compounds may be useful in developing PAPSS1 inhibitors for the therapeutic development against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study highlights the potential of phytochemicals as PAPSS1 inhibitors and the utility of computational approaches in drug discovery.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Hussain Alharethi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts and Science, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Abu Al-Soud
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Aljohani
- Department of Clinical laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deeba Shamim Jairajpuri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Tu G, Fu T, Zheng G, Xu B, Gou R, Luo D, Wang P, Xue W. Computational Chemistry in Structure-Based Solute Carrier Transporter Drug Design: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:1433-1455. [PMID: 38294194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Solute carrier transporters (SLCs) are a class of important transmembrane proteins that are involved in the transportation of diverse solute ions and small molecules into cells. There are approximately 450 SLCs within the human body, and more than a quarter of them are emerging as attractive therapeutic targets for multiple complex diseases, e.g., depression, cancer, and diabetes. However, only 44 unique transporters (∼9.8% of the SLC superfamily) with 3D structures and specific binding sites have been reported. To design innovative and effective drugs targeting diverse SLCs, there are a number of obstacles that need to be overcome. However, computational chemistry, including physics-based molecular modeling and machine learning- and deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI), provides an alternative and complementary way to the classical drug discovery approach. Here, we present a comprehensive overview on recent advances and existing challenges of the computational techniques in structure-based drug design of SLCs from three main aspects: (i) characterizing multiple conformations of the proteins during the functional process of transportation, (ii) identifying druggability sites especially the cryptic allosteric ones on the transporters for substrates and drugs binding, and (iii) discovering diverse small molecules or synthetic protein binders targeting the binding sites. This work is expected to provide guidelines for a deep understanding of the structure and function of the SLC superfamily to facilitate rational design of novel modulators of the transporters with the aid of state-of-the-art computational chemistry technologies including artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Tu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Binbin Xu
- Chengdu Sintanovo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610200, China
| | - Rongpei Gou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ding Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Weiwei Xue
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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9
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Volkova A, Semenyuk P. Tyrosine phosphorylation of recombinant hirudin increases affinity to thrombin and antithrombotic activity. Proteins 2024; 92:329-342. [PMID: 37860993 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Thrombin is one of the key enzymes of the blood coagulation system and a promising target for the development of anticoagulants. One of the most specific natural thrombin inhibitors is hirudin, contained in the salivary glands of medicinal leeches. The medicinal use of recombinant hirudin is limited because of the lack of sulfation on Tyr63, resulting in a 10-fold decrease in activity compared to native (sulfated) hirudin. In the present work, a set of hirudin derivatives was tested for affinity to thrombin: phospho-Tyr63, Tyr63(carboxymethyl)Phe, and Tyr63Glu mutants, which mimic Tyr63 sulfation and Gln65Glu mutant and lysine-succinylated hirudin, which enhance the overall negative charge of hirudin, as well as sulfo-hirudin and desulfo-hirudin as references. Using steered molecular dynamics simulations with subsequent umbrella sampling, phospho-hirudin was shown to exhibit the highest affinity to thrombin among all hirudin analogs, including native sulfo-hirudin; succinylated hirudin was also prospective. Phospho-hirudin exhibited the highest antithrombotic activity in in vitro assay in human plasma. Taking into account the modern methods for obtaining phospho-hirudin and succinylated hirudin, they are prospective as anticoagulants in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Volkova
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Semenyuk
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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10
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Hasse T, Mantei E, Shahoei R, Pawnikar S, Wang J, Miao Y, Huang YMM. Mechanistic insights into ligand dissociation from the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011955. [PMID: 38452125 PMCID: PMC10959368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spurred an urgent need for effective therapeutic interventions. The spike glycoprotein of the SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for infiltrating host cells, rendering it a key candidate for drug development. By interacting with the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, the spike initiates the infection of SARS-CoV-2. Linoleate is known to bind the spike glycoprotein, subsequently reducing its interaction with ACE2. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the protein-ligand interaction remain unclear. In this study, we characterized the pathways of ligand dissociation and the conformational changes associated with the spike glycoprotein by using ligand Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (LiGaMD). Our simulations resulted in eight complete ligand dissociation trajectories, unveiling two distinct ligand unbinding pathways. The preference between these two pathways depends on the gate distance between two α-helices in the receptor binding domain (RBD) and the position of the N-linked glycan at N343. Our study also highlights the essential contributions of K417, N121 glycan, and N165 glycan in ligand unbinding, which are equally crucial in enhancing spike-ACE2 binding. We suggest that the presence of the ligand influences the motions of these residues and glycans, consequently reducing accessibility for spike-ACE2 binding. These findings enhance our understanding of ligand dissociation from the spike glycoprotein and offer significant implications for drug design strategies in the battle against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hasse
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Esra Mantei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rezvan Shahoei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Shristi Pawnikar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Jinan Wang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Yinglong Miao
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Yu-ming M. Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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11
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Kumar Ramalingam P, Chandrasekaran M, Gupta P, Nelamangala Umesh V, Bharadwaj T, Krishna NB, Lalitha R, Gunaseelan GS. In Silico Screening of Chlorogenic Acids from Plant Sources against Human Translocase-I to Identify Competitive Inhibitors to Treat Diabetes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6561-6568. [PMID: 38371776 PMCID: PMC10870349 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acids (CHLs) are known to competitively bind to translocase-I (T1) of the glucose-6-phosphatase (G6 Pase) system, thereby inhibiting the transport of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). This competitive binding results in a consequential reduction in blood sugar levels. In this study, steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulation is employed to investigate the interaction between T1 and G6P, aiming to gain insights into the binding dynamics and diffusion process of G6P through T1. A database comprising 41 CHLs sourced from various plants was developed, subjected to minimization, and screened against T1 through conventional docking methods. The docked conformations were fed into a newly developed customized scoring method incorporating contact-based weights to assess the binding affinities that systematically rank and identify the most effective competitive inhibitors. Among the screened CHLs, 1-methoxy 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4 dicaffeoyl quinic acid, and 3,4,5-tricaffeoylquinic acid stood out as the top three inhibitors, showcasing crucial atomic interactions with key residues within the binding pocket of T1, and these CHLs are sourced from readily available plants, diminishing reliance on coffee as the predominant CHL source. Along with the devised scoring function, which serves as a valuable tool for virtual screening and lead optimization in drug development, this study also marks a pioneering effort as it involves the modeling of the human translocase and unravels the mechanism of binding and diffusion of G6P within human T1, providing valuable insights into the structural prerequisites for successfully inhibiting the G6P system, laying the foundation for a rational approach to drug design. This research contributes to the progress of drug discovery strategies focused on the G6P system, presenting potential therapeutic avenues for addressing metabolic disorders linked to an impaired glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar Ramalingam
- Department of Computational
Biology and AI, Kcat Enzymatic Pvt Ltd, #16, Ramakrishnappa Road, Cox Town, Bangalore, Karnataka 560005, India
| | - Manikandan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Computational
Biology and AI, Kcat Enzymatic Pvt Ltd, #16, Ramakrishnappa Road, Cox Town, Bangalore, Karnataka 560005, India
| | - Poonam Gupta
- Department of Computational
Biology and AI, Kcat Enzymatic Pvt Ltd, #16, Ramakrishnappa Road, Cox Town, Bangalore, Karnataka 560005, India
| | - Vinod Nelamangala Umesh
- Department of Computational
Biology and AI, Kcat Enzymatic Pvt Ltd, #16, Ramakrishnappa Road, Cox Town, Bangalore, Karnataka 560005, India
| | - Tharun Bharadwaj
- Department of Computational
Biology and AI, Kcat Enzymatic Pvt Ltd, #16, Ramakrishnappa Road, Cox Town, Bangalore, Karnataka 560005, India
| | - Naveen Banchallihundi Krishna
- Department of Computational
Biology and AI, Kcat Enzymatic Pvt Ltd, #16, Ramakrishnappa Road, Cox Town, Bangalore, Karnataka 560005, India
| | - Roopa Lalitha
- Department of Computational
Biology and AI, Kcat Enzymatic Pvt Ltd, #16, Ramakrishnappa Road, Cox Town, Bangalore, Karnataka 560005, India
| | - Gladstone Sigamani Gunaseelan
- Department of Computational
Biology and AI, Kcat Enzymatic Pvt Ltd, #16, Ramakrishnappa Road, Cox Town, Bangalore, Karnataka 560005, India
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12
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Shyam M, Kumar S, Singh V. Unlocking Opportunities for Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium ulcerans. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:251-269. [PMID: 38295025 PMCID: PMC10862552 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
In the recent decade, scientific communities have toiled to tackle the emerging burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and rapidly growing opportunistic nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Among these, two neglected mycobacteria species of the Acinetobacter family, Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium ulcerans, are the etiological agents of leprosy and Buruli ulcer infections, respectively, and fall under the broad umbrella of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Unfortunately, lackluster drug discovery efforts have been made against these pathogenic bacteria in the recent decade, resulting in the discovery of only a few countable hits and majorly repurposing anti-TB drug candidates such as telacebec (Q203), P218, and TB47 for current therapeutic interventions. Major ignorance in drug candidate identification might aggravate the dramatic consequences of rapidly spreading mycobacterial NTDs in the coming days. Therefore, this Review focuses on an up-to-date account of drug discovery efforts targeting selected druggable targets from both bacilli, including the accompanying challenges that have been identified and are responsible for the slow drug discovery. Furthermore, a succinct discussion of the all-new possibilities that could be alternative solutions to mitigate the neglected mycobacterial NTD burden and subsequently accelerate the drug discovery effort is also included. We anticipate that the state-of-the-art strategies discussed here may attract major attention from the scientific community to navigate and expand the roadmap for the discovery of next-generation therapeutics against these NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Shyam
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mersa, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Holistic
Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Vinayak Singh
- Holistic
Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- South
African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research
Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute
of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
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13
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Gahlawat S, Nanda V, Shreiber DI. Designing collagens to shed light on the multi-scale structure-function mapping of matrix disorders. Matrix Biol Plus 2024; 21:100139. [PMID: 38186852 PMCID: PMC10765305 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2023.100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Collagens are the most abundant structural proteins in the extracellular matrix of animals and play crucial roles in maintaining the structural integrity and mechanical properties of tissues and organs while mediating important biological processes. Fibrillar collagens have a unique triple helix structure with a characteristic repeating sequence of (Gly-X-Y)n. Variations within the repetitive sequence can cause misfolding of the triple helix, resulting in heritable connective tissue disorders. The most common variations are single-point missense mutations that lead to the substitution of a glycine residue with a bulkier amino acid (Gly → X). In this review, we will first discuss the importance of collagen's triple helix structure and how single Gly substitutions can impact its folding, structure, secretion, assembly into higher-order structures, and biological functions. We will review the role of "designer collagens," i.e., synthetic collagen-mimetic peptides and recombinant bacterial collagen as model systems to include Gly → X substitutions observed in collagen disorders and investigate their impact on structure and function utilizing in vitro studies. Lastly, we will explore how computational modeling of collagen peptides, especially molecular and steered molecular dynamics, has been instrumental in probing the effects of Gly substitutions on structure, receptor binding, and mechanical stability across multiple length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Gahlawat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Vikas Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - David I. Shreiber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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14
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Yi JC, Yang ZY, Zhao WT, Yang ZJ, Zhang XC, Wu CK, Lu AP, Cao DS. ChemMORT: an automatic ADMET optimization platform using deep learning and multi-objective particle swarm optimization. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae008. [PMID: 38385872 PMCID: PMC10883642 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug discovery and development constitute a laborious and costly undertaking. The success of a drug hinges not only good efficacy but also acceptable absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity (ADMET) properties. Overall, up to 50% of drug development failures have been contributed from undesirable ADMET profiles. As a multiple parameter objective, the optimization of the ADMET properties is extremely challenging owing to the vast chemical space and limited human expert knowledge. In this study, a freely available platform called Chemical Molecular Optimization, Representation and Translation (ChemMORT) is developed for the optimization of multiple ADMET endpoints without the loss of potency (https://cadd.nscc-tj.cn/deploy/chemmort/). ChemMORT contains three modules: Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) Encoder, Descriptor Decoder and Molecular Optimizer. The SMILES Encoder can generate the molecular representation with a 512-dimensional vector, and the Descriptor Decoder is able to translate the above representation to the corresponding molecular structure with high accuracy. Based on reversible molecular representation and particle swarm optimization strategy, the Molecular Optimizer can be used to effectively optimize undesirable ADMET properties without the loss of bioactivity, which essentially accomplishes the design of inverse QSAR. The constrained multi-objective optimization of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitor is provided as the case to explore the utility of ChemMORT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cai Yi
- School of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, PR China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Yi Yang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Zhao
- School of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhi-Jiang Yang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Chen Zhang
- School of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, Hunan, PR China
| | - Cheng-Kun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Computing, Changsha 410073, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ai-Ping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Cao
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, P. R. China
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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15
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Zhao X, Wang A, Zhai L, Gao J, Lyu S, Jiang Y, Zhong T, Xiao Y, Yu X. Magnetic solid phase extraction coupled to HPLC-UV for highly sensitive analysis of mono-hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1285:342020. [PMID: 38057058 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a common pollutant, the carcinogenic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have garnered considerable attention. Trace metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be detected in urine as a non-invasively approach to monitor the exposure level. Nonetheless, the urine samples have the disadvantages of being large in volume and containing numerous impurities. Given the growing demand to study metabolites with low abundance and potential biomarkers, there is a pressing need for a preconcentration and high-throughput technique for effectively handling complex liquid samples. RESULTS Polystyrene-coated magnetic nanoparticles were used to establish a novel magnetic extraction method for monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine samples. Polystyrene magnetic nanoparticles are an ideal absorbent for solid-phase extraction. After the material was mixed with the sample and adsorbed the target analyte, the analytes on the material were eluted and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Influencing factors were optimized, and the proposed method achieved desirable sensitivity in analyzing low-abundance metabolites in large volumes of complex urine samples. The recoveries of intra-day and inter-day were 78.0-118.0 % and 81.0 %-115.0 %, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day reproducibility were less than 4.5 % and 8.6 %, respectively. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.009-0.041 ng mL-1, and the limits of quantification were in the range of 0.030-0.135 ng mL-1. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY The application of reusable polystyrene-coated magnetic solid-phase nanoparticles as adsorbents makes the extraction of monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from urine samples economical and environmentally benign. The proposed method is simple, sensitive, and efficient compared to existing techniques. The nanoparticles are easy to prepare, showing potential for rapid screening of complex bulk bio-samples in batches with high efficiency and low budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macau
| | - Anyu Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Lingzi Zhai
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Jiuhe Gao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Sizhe Lyu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Yingshan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Rd, Shenhe Dist, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Tian Zhong
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ying Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078, Macau; Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Yang Z, Zhou N, Jiang X, Wang L. Loop Evolutionary Patterns Shape Catalytic Efficiency of TRI101/201 for Trichothecenes: Insights into Protein-Substrate Interactions. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6316-6331. [PMID: 37821422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Trichothecenes are highly toxic mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi, while TRI101/201 family enzymes play a crucial role in detoxification through acetylation. Studies on the substrate specificity and catalytic kinetics of TRI101/201 have revealed distinct kinetic characteristics, with significant differences observed in catalytic efficiency toward deoxynivalenol, while the catalytic efficiency for T-2 toxin remains relatively consistent. In this study, we used structural bioinformatics analysis and a molecular dynamics simulation workflow to investigate the mechanism underlying the differential catalytic activity of TRI101/201. The findings revealed that the binding stability between trichothecenes and TRI101/201 hinges primarily on a hydrophobic cage structure within the binding site. An intrinsic disordered loop, termed loop cover, defined the evolutionary patterns of the TRI101/201 protein family that are categorized into four subfamilies (V1/V2/V3/M). Furthermore, the unique loop displayed different conformations among these subfamilies' structures, which served to disrupt (V1/V2/V3) or reinforce (M) the hydrophobic cages. The disrupted cages enhanced the water exposure of the hydrophilic moieties of substrates like deoxynivalenol and thereby hindered their binding to the catalytic sites of V-type enzymes. In contrast, this water exposure does not affect substrates like T-2 toxin, which have more hydrophobic substituents, resulting in a comparable catalytic efficiency of both V- and M-type enzymes. Overall, our studies provide theoretical support for understanding the catalytic mechanism of TRI101/201, which shows how an intrinsic disordered loop could impact the protein-ligand binding and suggests a direction for rational protein design in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezheng Yang
- Taishan College, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Nana Zhou
- COFCO Nutrition and Health Research Institute, 102209 Beijing, China
| | - Xukai Jiang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Lushan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
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17
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Zhang Q, Yang L, Wang K, Guo L, Ning H, Wang S, Gong Y. Terahertz waves regulate the mechanical unfolding of tau pre-mRNA hairpins. iScience 2023; 26:107572. [PMID: 37664616 PMCID: PMC10470126 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bonds, dominate the pairing and unpairing of nucleic acid chains in the transfer process of genetic information. The energy of THz waves just matches with the weak interactions, so THz waves may interact with biomolecules. Here, the dynamic effects of THz electromagnetic (EM) waves on the mechanical unfolding process of RNA hairpins (WT-30nt and its mutants, rHP, SARS-CoV-2, and SRV-1 SF206) are investigated using steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations. The results show that THz waves can either promote the unfolding of the double helix of the RNA hairpin during the initial unfolding phase (4-21.8 THz) or significantly enhance (23.8 and 25.5 THz) or weaken (37.4 and 41.2 THz) its structural stability during unfolding. Our findings have important implications for applying THz waves to regulate dynamic deconvolution processes, such as gene replication, transcription, and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Kaicheng Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Lianghao Guo
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Hui Ning
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Yubin Gong
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
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18
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Ansari M, Moradi S, Hosseinzadeh S, Shahlaei M. Computational assessment of lipid facilitated membrane permeation of vancomycin using force-probe molecular dynamic simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37608542 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2248513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study the efficacy of different edible lipids for drug permeation enhancement of vancomycin through biological membrane was investigated using molecular dynamic simulation. In this regard, at first the ability of the lipids for complex formation with the drug was evaluated for number of most common edible lipids including tripalmitin (TPA), trimyristin (TMY), labrafil (LAB), glycerol monostearate (GMS), glycerol monooleate (GMO), Distearoylphosphorylethanolamine (DSPE), dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE), Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), cholesterol (CL), stearic acid (SA), palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA). Then the complexes were pulled thorough a bilayer membrane while the changes in force were probed. The results showed that besides the SA, PA and OA the other examined lipids were able to perform a perfect molecular complex with the drug. Also the results of pulling simulation revealed that the least of force was needed for drug transmittance through the membrane when it was covered by LAB, TMY and DSPE. These results indicated that these lipids can be the excellent materials of choice as permeation enhancer for preparing a proper oral formulation of vancomycin.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohabbat Ansari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Science, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Moradi
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Shahlaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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19
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Ayres CM, Corcelli SA, Baker BM. The Energetic Landscape of Catch Bonds in TCR Interfaces. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:325-332. [PMID: 37459192 PMCID: PMC10361606 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of peptide/MHC complexes by αβ TCRs has traditionally been viewed through the lens of conventional receptor-ligand theory. Recent work, however, has shown that TCR recognition and T cell signaling can be profoundly influenced and tuned by mechanical forces. One outcome of applied force is the catch bond, where TCR dissociation rates decrease (half-lives increase) when limited force is applied. Although catch bond behavior is believed to be widespread in biology, its counterintuitive nature coupled with the difficulties of describing mechanisms at the structural level have resulted in considerable mystique. In this review, we demonstrate that viewing catch bonds through the lens of energy landscapes, barriers, and the ensuing reaction rates can help demystify catch bonding and provide a foundation on which atomic-level TCR catch bond mechanisms can be built.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Ayres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
- The Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
| | - Steve A Corcelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
| | - Brian M Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
- The Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
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20
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Dou B, Zhu Z, Merkurjev E, Ke L, Chen L, Jiang J, Zhu Y, Liu J, Zhang B, Wei GW. Machine Learning Methods for Small Data Challenges in Molecular Science. Chem Rev 2023; 123:8736-8780. [PMID: 37384816 PMCID: PMC10999174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Small data are often used in scientific and engineering research due to the presence of various constraints, such as time, cost, ethics, privacy, security, and technical limitations in data acquisition. However, big data have been the focus for the past decade, small data and their challenges have received little attention, even though they are technically more severe in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) studies. Overall, the small data challenge is often compounded by issues, such as data diversity, imputation, noise, imbalance, and high-dimensionality. Fortunately, the current big data era is characterized by technological breakthroughs in ML, DL, and artificial intelligence (AI), which enable data-driven scientific discovery, and many advanced ML and DL technologies developed for big data have inadvertently provided solutions for small data problems. As a result, significant progress has been made in ML and DL for small data challenges in the past decade. In this review, we summarize and analyze several emerging potential solutions to small data challenges in molecular science, including chemical and biological sciences. We review both basic machine learning algorithms, such as linear regression, logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), kernel learning (KL), random forest (RF), and gradient boosting trees (GBT), and more advanced techniques, including artificial neural network (ANN), convolutional neural network (CNN), U-Net, graph neural network (GNN), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), long short-term memory (LSTM), autoencoder, transformer, transfer learning, active learning, graph-based semi-supervised learning, combining deep learning with traditional machine learning, and physical model-based data augmentation. We also briefly discuss the latest advances in these methods. Finally, we conclude the survey with a discussion of promising trends in small data challenges in molecular science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozheng Dou
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P, R. China
| | - Zailiang Zhu
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P, R. China
| | - Ekaterina Merkurjev
- Department of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Lu Ke
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P, R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P, R. China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P, R. China
- Department of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Yueying Zhu
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P, R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P, R. China
| | - Bengong Zhang
- Research Center of Nonlinear Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P, R. China
| | - Guo-Wei Wei
- Department of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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21
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Carbone D, De Franco M, Pecoraro C, Bassani D, Pavan M, Cascioferro S, Parrino B, Cirrincione G, Dall'Acqua S, Sut S, Moro S, Gandin V, Diana P. Structural Manipulations of Marine Natural Products Inspire a New Library of 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazine PDK Inhibitors Endowed with Antitumor Activity in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050288. [PMID: 37233482 DOI: 10.3390/md21050288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the main aggressive types of cancer, characterized by late prognosis and drug resistance. Among the main factors sustaining PDAC progression, the alteration of cell metabolism has emerged to have a key role in PDAC cell proliferation, invasion, and resistance to standard chemotherapeutic agents. Taking into account all these factors and the urgency in evaluating novel options to treat PDAC, in the present work we reported the synthesis of a new series of indolyl-7-azaindolyl triazine compounds inspired by marine bis-indolyl alkaloids. We first assessed the ability of the new triazine compounds to inhibit the enzymatic activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs). The results showed that most of derivatives totally inhibit PDK1 and PDK4. Molecular docking analysis was executed to predict the possible binding mode of these derivatives using ligand-based homology modeling technique. Evaluation of the capability of new triazines to inhibit the cell growth in 2D and 3D KRAS-wild-type (BxPC-3) and KRAS-mutant (PSN-1) PDAC cell line, was carried out. The results showed the capacity of the new derivatives to reduce cell growth with a major selectivity against KRAS-mutant PDAC PSN-1 on both cell models. These data demonstrated that the new triazine derivatives target PDK1 enzymatic activity and exhibit cytotoxic effects on 2D and 3D PDAC cell models, thus encouraging further structure manipulation for analogs development against PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Michele De Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Davide Bassani
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Pavan
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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22
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Singh R, Purohit R. Computational analysis of protein-ligand interaction by targeting a cell cycle restrainer. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 231:107367. [PMID: 36716649 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) are among the most crucial controllers of the cell cycle, and their abnormal activity may induce uncontrolled cell multiplication, leading to cancers. The FDA currently approved three CDK4/6 inhibitors, however, they are associated with a variety of side effects. Thus it is required to design/develop novel potent and safe CDK4/6 inhibitors. METHODS In the present work, we furnished an integrated in-silico approach followed by steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations to identify molecules that can be developed into novel CDK4/6 inhibitors. RESULTS Out of thirty-two 3-methyleneisoindolin-1-one molecules we selected top three M18, M24, and M32 molecules as potential drug candidates based on their respective interaction energies. According to the robust 250 ns MD simulations and thermodynamic free energy, M24 was the best molecule in comparison to palbociclib. In SMD, M24 required ∼205.587 kJ/mol/nm external pulling force, while palbociclib needed ∼160.97 kJ/mol/nm to dissociate from the binding pocket of the CDK4. CONCLUSIONS The high pulling force required for M24 dissociation from the binding site denotes stronger binding with CDK4. Therefore, M24 offers the possibility of a critical starting structure in developing effective CDK4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Singh
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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23
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Chowdhury P, Bhandary D. Evolution, Stability, and Applicability of Surfactant Aggregates in Targeted Delivery. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3001-3009. [PMID: 36971543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly/self-aggregation of surfactant molecules in bulk and the vicinity of a surface has been a topic of interest for decades because of its utilization in numerous modern technical applications. In this article, the results of molecular dynamics simulations are reported to investigate the self-aggregation of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at an interface of mica and water. SDS molecules starting from lower to higher surface concentrations tend to create distinct aggregated structures in the vicinity of a mica surface. The structural properties, such as density profiles, radial distribution functions, and thermodynamic properties like excess entropy and second virial coefficient, are calculated to address the bits and pieces of the self-aggregation. The change in the free energy for aggregates of varied sizes approaching the surface from the bulk aqueous solution, along with the change in their shapes during the process in terms of change in the radius of gyration and its components, is reported respectively to model a generic pathway for a surfactant-based targeted delivery system.
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24
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Xu D, Wan HX, Yao XR, Li J, Yan LT. Molecular Simulations in Macromolecular Science. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2968-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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25
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Tomarchio R, Patamia V, Zagni C, Crocetti L, Cilibrizzi A, Floresta G, Rescifina A. Steered Molecular Dynamics Simulations Study on FABP4 Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062731. [PMID: 36985701 PMCID: PMC10058326 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ordinary small molecule de novo drug design is time-consuming and expensive. Recently, computational tools were employed and proved their efficacy in accelerating the overall drug design process. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and a derivative of MD, steered molecular dynamics (SMD), turned out to be promising rational drug design tools. In this paper, we report the first application of SMD to evaluate the binding properties of small molecules toward FABP4, considering our recent interest in inhibiting fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4). FABP4 inhibitors (FABP4is) are small molecules of therapeutic interest, and ongoing clinical studies indicate that they are promising for treating cancer and other diseases such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Tomarchio
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Patamia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Zagni
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Letizia Crocetti
- Department Neurofarba, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Agostino Cilibrizzi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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26
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Mondal S, Ghanta KP, Bandyopadhyay S. Microscopic Understanding of the Conformational Stability of the Aggregated Nonamyloid β Components of α-Synuclein. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:1542-1555. [PMID: 36866721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-association of α-synuclein peptides into oligomeric species and ordered amyloid fibrils is associated with Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. In particular, the peptide domain formed between the residues Glu-61 (or E61) and Val-95 (or V95) of α-synuclein, typically termed the "nonamyloid β component" (NAC), is known to play critical roles in forming aggregated structures. In this work, we have employed molecular dynamics simulations to explore the conformational properties and relative stabilities of aggregated protofilaments of different orders, namely, tetramer (P(4)), hexamer (P(6)), octamer (P(8)), decamer (P(10)), dodecamer (P(12)), and tetradecamer (P(14)), formed by the NAC domains of α-synuclein. Besides, center-of-mass pulling and umbrella sampling simulation methods have also been employed to characterize the mechanistic pathway of peptide association/dissociation and the corresponding free energy profiles. Structural analysis showed that the disordered C-terminal loop and the central core regions of the peptide units lead to more flexible and distorted structures of the lower order protofilaments (P(4) and P(6)) as compared to the higher order ones. Interestingly, our calculation shows the presence of multiple distinctly populated conformational states for the lower order protofilament P(4), which may drive the oligomerization process along multiple pathways to form different polymorphic α-synuclein fibrillar structures. It is further observed that the nonpolar interaction between the peptides and the corresponding nonpolar solvation free energy play a dominant role in stabilizing the aggregated protofilaments. Importantly, our result showed that reduced cooperativity during the binding of a peptide unit beyond a critical size of the protofilament (P(12)) leads to less favorable binding free energy of a peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Mondal
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Krishna Prasad Ghanta
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sanjoy Bandyopadhyay
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
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27
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Pandey B, Sinha K, Dev A, Ganguly HK, Polley S, Chakrabarty S, Basu G. Phosphorylation-Competent Metastable State of Escherichia coli Toxin HipA. Biochemistry 2023; 62:989-999. [PMID: 36802529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation is a key post-translational modification that alters the functional state of many proteins. The Escherichia coli toxin HipA, which phosphorylates glutamyl-tRNA synthetase and triggers bacterial persistence under stress, becomes inactivated upon autophosphorylation of Ser150. Interestingly, Ser150 is phosphorylation-incompetent in the crystal structure of HipA since it is deeply buried ("in-state"), although in the phosphorylated state it is solvent exposed ("out-state"). To be phosphorylated, a minor population of HipA must exist in the phosphorylation-competent "out-state" (solvent-exposed Ser150), not detected in the crystal structure of unphosphorylated HipA. Here we report a molten-globule-like intermediate of HipA at low urea (∼4 kcal/mol unstable than natively folded HipA). The intermediate is aggregation-prone, consistent with a solvent exposed Ser150 and its two flanking hydrophobic neighbors (Val/Ile) in the "out-state". Molecular dynamics simulations showed the HipA "in-out" pathway to contain multiple free energy minima with an increasing degree of Ser150 solvent exposure with the free energy difference between the "in-state" and the metastable exposed state(s) to be ∼2-2.5 kcal/mol, with unique sets of hydrogen bonds and salt bridges associated with the metastable loop conformations. Together, the data clearly identify the existence of a phosphorylation-competent metastable state of HipA. Our results not only suggest a mechanism of HipA autophosphorylation but also add to a number of recent reports on unrelated protein systems where the common proposed mechanism for phosphorylation of buried residues is their transient exposure even without phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Pandey
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Krishnendu Sinha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Aditya Dev
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Himal K Ganguly
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Smarajit Polley
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Suman Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector III Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Gautam Basu
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India
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28
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Structure-based discovery of novel α-aminoketone derivatives as dual p53-MDM2/MDMX inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115282. [PMID: 36989812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The function of the p53 protein is impaired by the overexpression of its negative regulator murine double minute 2 protein (MDM2) and homologous protein MDMX. Disruption of the p53-MDM2/MDMX interaction to restore the transcriptional function of p53 is considered a promising strategy for cancer therapy. To design dual MDM2/MDMX inhibitors, the binding modes of MDM2 or MDMX with their inhibitors are elucidated. Several hot-spot residues of MDM2 or MDMX are identified by molecular dynamics simulations, alanine scanning and MM-GBSA calculations. Then, focusing on the interaction with hot-spot residues, two series of derivatives bearing 1,3-diketone and α-aminoketone scaffolds are designed and synthesized. Among these compounds, C16 is identified as the most potent compound with low micromolar binding affinities with MDM2 and MDMX. C16 also displays moderate antiproliferative activities against MDM2-overexpressing and MDMX-overexpressing cells, with IC50 values of 0.68 μM in HCT116 cells and 0.54 μM in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, C16 inhibits cell migration and invasion, reactivates the function of p53, arrests the cell cycle and induces cellular apoptosis in HCT116 and SH-SY5Y cells. Collectively, C16 can be developed as a dual MDM2 and MDMX inhibitor for cancer therapy.
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29
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Ma Q, Wang G, Li N, Wang X, Kang X, Mao Y, Wang G. Insights into the Effects and Mechanism of Andrographolide-Mediated Recovery of Susceptibility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to β-Lactam Antibiotics. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0297822. [PMID: 36602386 PMCID: PMC9927479 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02978-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequent resistance associated with β-lactam antibiotics and the high frequency of mutations in β-lactamases constitute a major clinical challenge that can no longer be ignored. Andrographolide (AP), a natural active compound, has been shown to restore susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics. Fluorescence quenching and molecular simulation showed that AP quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of β-lactamase BlaZ and stably bound to the residues in the catalytic cavity of BlaZ. Of note, AP was found to reduce the stability of the cell wall (CW) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and in combination with penicillin G (PEN), it significantly induced CW roughness and dispersion and even caused its disintegration, while the same concentration of PEN did not. In addition, transcriptome sequencing revealed that AP induced a significant stress response and increased peptidoglycan (PG) synthesis but disrupted its cross-linking, and it repressed the expression of critical genes such as mecA, blaZ, and sarA. We also validated these findings by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Association analysis using the GEO database showed that the alterations caused by AP were similar to those caused by mutations in the sarA gene. In summary, AP was able to restore the susceptibility of MRSA to β-lactam antibiotics, mainly by inhibiting the β-lactamase BlaZ, by downregulating the expression of critical resistance genes such as mecA and blaZ, and by disrupting CW homeostasis. In addition, restoration of susceptibility to antibiotics could be achieved by inhibiting the global regulator SarA, providing an effective solution to alleviate the problem of bacterial resistance. IMPORTANCE Increasingly, alternatives to antibiotics are being used to mitigate the rapid onset and development of bacterial resistance, and the combination of natural compounds with traditional antibiotics has become an effective therapeutic strategy. Therefore, we attempted to discover more mechanisms to restore susceptibility and effective dosing strategies. Andrographolide (AP), as a natural active ingredient, can mediate recovery of susceptibility of MRSA to β-lactam antibiotics. AP bound stably to the β-lactamase BlaZ and impaired its hydrolytic activity. Notably, AP was able to downregulate the expression of critical resistance genes such as mecA, blaZ, and sarA. Meanwhile, it disrupted the CW cross-linking and homeostasis, while the same concentration of penicillin could not. The multiple inhibitory effect of AP resensitizes intrinsically resistant bacteria to β-lactam antibiotics, effectively prolonging the use cycle of these antibiotics and providing an effective solution to reduce the dosage of antibiotics and providing a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Veterinary Pharmacology Lab, College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Guilai Wang
- Yinchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Na Li
- Veterinary Pharmacology Lab, College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Veterinary Pharmacology Lab, College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xinyun Kang
- Veterinary Pharmacology Lab, College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yanni Mao
- Veterinary Pharmacology Lab, College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- Veterinary Pharmacology Lab, College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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30
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Roy R, Paul S. Illustrating the Effect of Small Molecules Derived from Natural Resources on Amyloid Peptides. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:600-615. [PMID: 36638829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The onset of amyloidogenic diseases is associated with the misfolding and aggregation of proteins. Despite extensive research, no effective therapeutics are yet available to treat these chronic degenerative diseases. Targeting the aggregation of disease-specific proteins is regarded as a promising new approach to treat these diseases. In the past few years, rapid progress in this field has been made in vitro, in vivo, and in silico to generate potential drug candidates, ranging from small molecules to polymers to nanoparticles. Small molecular probes, mostly those derived from natural sources, have been of particular interest among amyloid inhibitors. Here, we summarize some of the most important natural small molecular probes which can inhibit the aggregation of Aβ, hIAPP, and α-syn peptides and discuss how their binding efficacy and preference for the peptides vary with their structure and conformation. This provides a comprehensive idea of the crucial factors which should be incorporated into the future design of novel drug candidates useful for the treatment of amyloid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati Assam-781039, India
| | - Sandip Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati Assam-781039, India
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31
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Watkins SL. Current Trends and Changes in Use of Membrane Molecular Dynamics Simulations within Academia and the Pharmaceutical Industry. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:148. [PMID: 36837651 PMCID: PMC9961006 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There has been an almost exponential increase in the use of molecular dynamics simulations in basic research and industry over the last 5 years, with almost a doubling in the number of publications each year. Many of these are focused on neurological membranes, and biological membranes in general, applied to the medical industry. A smaller portion have utilized membrane simulations to answer more basic questions related to the function of specific proteins, chemicals or biological processes. This review covers some newer studies, alongside studies from the last two decades, to determine changes in the field. Some of these are basic, while others are more profound, such as multi-component embedded membrane machinery. It is clear that many facets of the discipline remain the same, while the focus on and uses of the technology are broadening in scope and utilization as a general research tool. Analysis of recent literature provides an overview of the current methodologies, covers some of the recent trends or advances and tries to make predictions of the overall path membrane molecular dynamics will follow in the coming years. In general, the overview presented is geared towards the general scientific community, who may wish to introduce the use of these methodologies in light of these changes, making molecular dynamic simulations more feasible for general scientific or medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan L Watkins
- Plant Pathology and CRGB, Oregon State University, 2701 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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32
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Shi M, Zhou Y, Wei H, Zhang X, Du M, Zhou Y, Yin Y, Li X, Tang X, Sun L, Xu D, Li X. Interactions between curcumin and human salt-induced kinase 3 elucidated from computational tools and experimental methods. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1116098. [PMID: 37124223 PMCID: PMC10133576 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1116098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products are widely used for treating mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases and cancers. Curcumin, a well-known natural product, can be potentially used to treat cancer. Human salt-induced kinase 3 (SIK3) is one of the target proteins for curcumin. However, the interactions between curcumin and human SIK3 have not yet been investigated in detail. In this study, we studied the binding models for the interactions between curcumin and human SIK3 using computational tools such as homology modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy calculations. The open activity loop conformation of SIK3 with the ketoenol form of curcumin was the optimal binding model. The I72, V80, A93, Y144, A145, and L195 residues played a key role for curcumin binding with human SIK3. The interactions between curcumin and human SIK3 were also investigated using the kinase assay. Moreover, curcumin exhibited an IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 131 nM, and it showed significant antiproliferative activities of 9.62 ± 0.33 µM and 72.37 ± 0.37 µM against the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-23 cell lines, respectively. This study provides detailed information on the binding of curcumin with human SIK3 and may facilitate the design of novel salt-inducible kinases inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsong Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoche Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Du
- College of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyi Tang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shenzhen Shuli Tech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dingguo Xu
- College of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Research Center for Material Genome Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Dingguo Xu, ; Xiaoan Li,
| | - Xiaoan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Dingguo Xu, ; Xiaoan Li,
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Behmard E, Ghasemian A, Barzegari E, Farjadfar A, Kouhpayeh A, Najafipour S. Advanced simulations and screening to repurposing a 3C protease inhibitor against the rupintrivir-resistant human norovirus-induced gastroenteritis. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 118:108345. [PMID: 36308946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Human norovirus (HuNoV) causes acute viral gastroenteritis in all age groups, and dehydration and severe diarrhea in the elderly. The World Health Organization reports ∼1.45 million deaths from acute gastroenteritis annually in the world. Rupintrivir, an inhibitory medicine against the human rhinovirus C3 protease, has been reported to inhibit HuNoV 3C protease. However, several HuNoV 3C protease mutations have been revealed to reduce the susceptibility of HuNoV to rupintrivir. The structural details behind rupintrivir-resistance of these single-point mutations (A105V and I109V) are not still clear. Hence, in this study, a combination of computational techniques were used to determine the rupintrivir-resistance mechanism and to propose an inhibitor against wild-type and mutant HuNoV 3C protease through structure-based virtual screening. Dynamic structural results indicated the unstable binding of rupintrivir at the cleft binding site of the wild-type and mutant 3C proteases, leading to its detachment. Our findings presented that the domain II of the HuNoV 3C protease had a critical role in binding of inhibitory molecules. Binding energy computations, steered molecular dynamics and umbrella sampling simulations confirmed that amentoflavone, the novel suggested inhibitor, strongly binds to the cleft site of all protease models and has a good structural stability in the complex system along the molecular dynamic simulations. Our in silico study proposed the selected compound as a potential inhibitor against the HuNoV 3C protease. However, additional experimental and clinical studies are required to corroborate the therapeutic efficacy of the compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Behmard
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Barzegari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Akbar Farjadfar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Amin Kouhpayeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Sohrab Najafipour
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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Zhao F, Fang L, Wang Q, Ye Q, He Y, Xu W, Song Y. Exploring the Pivotal Components Influencing the Side Effects Induced by an Analgesic-Antitumor Peptide from Scorpion Venom on Human Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels 1.4 and 1.5 through Computational Simulation. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 15:33. [PMID: 36668853 PMCID: PMC9864070 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs, or Nav) are important determinants of action potential generation and propagation. Efforts are underway to develop medicines targeting different channel subtypes for the treatment of related channelopathies. However, a high degree of conservation across its nine subtypes could lead to the off-target adverse effects on skeletal and cardiac muscles due to acting on primary skeletal muscle sodium channel Nav1.4 and cardiac muscle sodium channel Nav1.5, respectively. For a long evolutionary process, some peptide toxins from venoms have been found to be highly potent yet selective on ion channel subtypes and, therefore, hold the promising potential to be developed into therapeutic agents. In this research, all-atom molecular dynamic methods were used to elucidate the selective mechanisms of an analgesic-antitumor β-scorpion toxin (AGAP) with human Nav1.4 and Nav1.5 in order to unravel the primary reason for the production of its adverse reactions on the skeletal and cardiac muscles. Our results suggest that the rational distribution of residues with ring structures near position 38 and positive residues in the C-terminal on AGAP are critical factors to ensure its analgesic efficacy. Moreover, the substitution for residues with benzene is beneficial to reduce its side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liangyi Fang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qi Ye
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanan He
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weizhuo Xu
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongbo Song
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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35
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Greene D, Barton M, Luchko T, Shiferaw Y. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor Type 2 (RyR2) Gating Mechanism. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9790-9809. [PMID: 36384028 PMCID: PMC9720719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) have been linked to fatal cardiac arrhythmias such as catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). While many CPVT mutations are associated with an increase in Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the mechanistic details of RyR2 channel gating are not well understood, and this poses a barrier in the development of new pharmacological treatments. To address this, we explore the gating mechanism of the RyR2 using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We test the effect of changing the conformation of certain structural elements by constructing chimera RyR2 structures that are derived from the currently available closed and open cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures, and we then use MD simulations to relax the system. Our key finding is that the position of the S4-S5 linker (S4S5L) on a single subunit can determine whether the channel as a whole is open or closed. Our analysis reveals that the position of the S4S5L is regulated by interactions with the U-motif on the same subunit and with the S6 helix on an adjacent subunit. We find that, in general, channel gating is crucially dependent on high percent occupancy interactions between adjacent subunits. We compare our interaction analysis to 49 CPVT1 mutations in the literature and find that 73% appear near a high percent occupancy interaction between adjacent subunits. This suggests that disruption of cooperative, high percent occupancy interactions between adjacent subunits is a primary cause of channel leak and CPVT in mutant RyR2 channels.
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36
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Iida S, Tomoshi K. Free energy and kinetic rate calculation via non-equilibrium molecular simulation: application to biomolecules. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:1303-1314. [PMID: 36659997 PMCID: PMC9842846 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-01036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulation has been recognized as a powerful tool for examining biomolecules and provides fruitful insights into not only non-equilibrium but also equilibrium processes. We review recent advances in NEMD simulation and relevant, fundamental results of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. We first introduce Crooks fluctuation theorem and Jarzynski equality that relate free energy difference to work done on a physical system during a non-equilibrium process. The theorems are beneficial for the analysis of NEMD trajectories. We then describe rate theory, a framework to calculate molecular kinetics from a non-equilibrium process; this theoretical framework enables us to calculate a reaction time-mean-first passage time-from NEMD trajectories. We, in turn, present recent NEMD techniques that apply an external force to a system to enhance molecular dissociation and introduce their application to biomolecules. Lastly, we show the current status of an appropriate selection of reaction coordinates for NEMD simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Iida
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-Ku, Tokyo, 135-0064 Japan
| | - Kameda Tomoshi
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-Ku, Tokyo, 135-0064 Japan
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37
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Aplin C, Milano SK, Zielinski KA, Pollack L, Cerione RA. Evolving Experimental Techniques for Structure-Based Drug Design. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:6599-6607. [PMID: 36029222 PMCID: PMC10161966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Structure-based drug design (SBDD) is a prominent method in rational drug development and has traditionally benefitted from the atomic models of protein targets obtained using X-ray crystallography at cryogenic temperatures. In this perspective, we highlight recent advances in the development of structural techniques that are capable of probing dynamic information about protein targets. First, we discuss advances in the field of X-ray crystallography including serial room-temperature crystallography as a method for obtaining high-resolution conformational dynamics of protein-inhibitor complexes. Next, we look at cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM), another high-resolution technique that has recently been used to study proteins and protein complexes that are too difficult to crystallize. Finally, we present small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) as a potential high-throughput screening tool to identify inhibitors that target protein complexes and protein oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Aplin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Shawn K Milano
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kara A Zielinski
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lois Pollack
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Richard A Cerione
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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38
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Peluso P, Chankvetadze B. Recognition in the Domain of Molecular Chirality: From Noncovalent Interactions to Separation of Enantiomers. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13235-13400. [PMID: 35917234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It is not a coincidence that both chirality and noncovalent interactions are ubiquitous in nature and synthetic molecular systems. Noncovalent interactivity between chiral molecules underlies enantioselective recognition as a fundamental phenomenon regulating life and human activities. Thus, noncovalent interactions represent the narrative thread of a fascinating story which goes across several disciplines of medical, chemical, physical, biological, and other natural sciences. This review has been conceived with the awareness that a modern attitude toward molecular chirality and its consequences needs to be founded on multidisciplinary approaches to disclose the molecular basis of essential enantioselective phenomena in the domain of chemical, physical, and life sciences. With the primary aim of discussing this topic in an integrated way, a comprehensive pool of rational and systematic multidisciplinary information is provided, which concerns the fundamentals of chirality, a description of noncovalent interactions, and their implications in enantioselective processes occurring in different contexts. A specific focus is devoted to enantioselection in chromatography and electromigration techniques because of their unique feature as "multistep" processes. A second motivation for writing this review is to make a clear statement about the state of the art, the tools we have at our disposal, and what is still missing to fully understand the mechanisms underlying enantioselective recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB, CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Avenue 3, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
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39
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Li TT, Peng C, Wang JQ, Xu ZJ, Su MB, Li J, Zhu WL, Li JY. Distal mutation V486M disrupts the catalytic activity of DPP4 by affecting the flap of the propeller domain. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2147-2155. [PMID: 34907358 PMCID: PMC8669218 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) plays a crucial role in regulating the bioactivity of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) that enhances insulin secretion and pancreatic β-cell proliferation, making it a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Although the crystal structure of DPP4 has been determined, its structure-function mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we examined the biochemical properties of sporadic human DPP4 mutations distal from its catalytic site, among which V486M ablates DPP4 dimerization and causes loss of enzymatic activity. Unbiased molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the distal V486M mutation induces a local conformational collapse in a β-propeller loop (residues 234-260, defined as the flap) and disrupts the dimerization of DPP4. The "open/closed" conformational transitions of the flap whereby capping the active site, are involved in the enzymatic activity of DPP4. Further site-directed mutagenesis guided by theoretical predictions verified the importance of the conformational dynamics of the flap for the enzymatic activity of DPP4. Therefore, the current studies that combined theoretical modeling and experimental identification, provide important insights into the biological function of DPP4 and allow for the evaluation of directed DPP4 genetic mutations before initiating clinical applications and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-teng Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Drug Screening Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203 China ,grid.440637.20000 0004 4657 8879School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Cheng Peng
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research; Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ji-qiu Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, National Key Laboratory for Medical Genomes, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Zhi-jian Xu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research; Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ming-bo Su
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Drug Screening Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Jia Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Drug Screening Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203 China ,grid.440637.20000 0004 4657 8879School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Wei-liang Zhu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research; Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jing-ya Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Drug Screening Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203 China
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40
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Singh R, Bhardwaj VK, Das P, Bhattacherjee D, Zyryanov GV, Purohit R. Benchmarking the ability of novel compounds to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 main protease using steered molecular dynamics simulations. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105572. [PMID: 35551011 PMCID: PMC9052739 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is an attractive target in the COVID-19 drug development process. It catalyzes the polyprotein's translation from viral RNA and specifies a particular cleavage site. Due to the absence of identical cleavage specificity in human cell proteases, targeting Mpro with chemical compounds can obstruct the replication of the virus. METHODS To explore the potential binding mechanisms of 1,2,3-triazole scaffolds in comparison to co-crystallized inhibitors 11a and 11b towards Mpro, we herein utilized molecular dynamics and enhanced sampling simulation studies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION All the 1,2,3-triazole scaffolds interacted with catalytic residues (Cys145 and His41) and binding pocket residues of Mpro involving Met165, Glu166, Ser144, Gln189, His163, and Met49. Furthermore, the adequate binding free energy and potential mean force of the topmost compound 3h was comparable to the experimental inhibitors 11a and 11b of Mpro. Overall, the current analysis could be beneficial in developing the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro potential inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Singh
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP, 176061, India,Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP, 176061, India,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Bhardwaj
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP, 176061, India,Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP, 176061, India,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pralay Das
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India,Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dhananjay Bhattacherjee
- Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 19 ul. Mira, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 19 ul. Mira, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation,I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 ul. S. Kovalevskoi, 620219, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP, 176061, India,Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP, 176061, India,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India,Corresponding author. Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP, 176061, India
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41
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Almeida ER, Capriles PVSZ, Dos Santos HF. Unveiling the Releasing Processes of Pt(II)-Based Anticancer Drugs from Oxidized Carbon Nanohorn: An In Silico Study. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:4246-4260. [PMID: 35670834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c02555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
About half of all cancer chemotherapies currently applied involve medication with the three worldwide approved Pt(II)-based drugs, cisplatin (cddp), carboplatin (cpx), and oxaliplatin (oxa), due to their notable antitumor activity for several cancers. However, this wide application is accompanied by severe side effects, such as nephrotoxicity, myelosuppression, and neurotoxicity, as a result of their low bioavailability and selectivity for cancer cells. To mitigate these drawbacks, the use of chemically functionalized carbon nanohorns (CNH) as nanocarriers represents a potential formulation since CNH has been noted for their biodegradability, biocompatibility, low toxicity, and cavities dimensionally compatible with small drugs. This work reports energetic and dynamic analyses of complexes formed by oxidized CNH (CNHox) and the cddp, cpx, and oxa drugs. Using unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we show that the encapsulated formulations (cddp@CNHox, cpx@CNHox, and oxa@CNHox) were more stable by ∼11.0 kcal mol-1 than the adsorbed ones (cddp > CNHox, cpx > CNHox, and oxa > CNHox). This high stability, mainly governed by van der Waals interactions, was responsible for the drug confinement during the entire simulation time (200 ns). The biased MD simulations of the inclusion complexes confirmed the nonspontaneity of the drug release since the potentials of mean force (PMF) indicated the endergonic character of this process. Additionally, the releasing energy profiles pointed out that the free energy barrier (ΔΔG≠) for the escape from CNHox cavity follows the order oxa > cpx ∼ cddp, with the value for the oxa complex (21-26 kcal mol-1) found to be about 36 and 30% larger than those for cpx and cddp, respectively. While the approximate residence time (tres) of the oxa drug inside the CNHox cavity was 5.45 × 108 s, the same measure for the cddp and cpx drugs was 5.3 × 105 and 1.60 × 103 s. Simulations also revealed that the escape of oxa with the oxalate group facing the nanowindow was the most unfavorable process, giving tres = 1.09 × 109 s. Besides reinforcing and extending the nanovectorization of cddp, cpx, and oxa in CNHox for cancer chemotherapies, all features considered may provide interpretations for experimental data and encourage new investigations aiming to propose less aggressive treatments for oncological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo R Almeida
- Núcleo de Estudos em Química Computacional (NEQC), Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Campus Universitário, Martelos, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-330, Brazil
| | - Priscila V S Z Capriles
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Modelagem Computacional (PGMC), Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Campus Universitário, Martelos, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-330, Brazil
| | - Hélio F Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Estudos em Química Computacional (NEQC), Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Campus Universitário, Martelos, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-330, Brazil
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Khalid A, Abdalla M, Saeed M, Ghayur MN, Kalauni SK, Albratty M, Alhazmi HA, Mesaik MA, Gilani AH, Ul-Haq Z. Sarcorucinine-D Inhibits Cholinesterases and Calcium Channels: Molecular Dynamics Simulation and In Vitro Mechanistic Investigations. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113361. [PMID: 35684298 PMCID: PMC9182202 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and calcium channel blockers are considered effective therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. AChE plays an essential role in the nervous system by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. In this study, the inhibition of the enzyme AChE by Sarcorucinine-D, a pregnane type steroidal alkaloid, was investigated with experimental enzyme kinetics and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques. Kinetics studies showed that Sarcorucinine-D inhibits two cholinesterases—AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)—noncompetitively, with Ki values of 103.3 and 4.66 µM, respectively. In silico ligand-protein docking and MD simulation studies conducted on AChE predicted that Sarcorucinine-D interacted via hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds with the residues of the active-site gorge of AChE. Sarcorucinine-D was able to relax contractility concentration-dependently in the intestinal smooth muscles of jejunum obtained from rabbits. Not only was the spontaneous spasmogenicity inhibited, but it also suppressed K+-mediated spasmogenicity, indicating an effect via the inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Sarcorucinine-D could be considered a potential lead molecule based on its properties as a noncompetitive AChE inhibitor and a Ca2+ channel blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 2424, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Maria Saeed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi 75530, Pakistan; (M.S.); (Z.U.-H.)
| | - Muhammad Nabeel Ghayur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pikeville, Pikeville, KY 41501, USA;
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan;
| | - Surya Kant Kalauni
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Nepal;
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Ahmed Mesaik
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Anwarul Hassan Gilani
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan;
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi 75530, Pakistan; (M.S.); (Z.U.-H.)
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Nguyen HL, Thai NQ, Li MS. Determination of Multidirectional Pathways for Ligand Release from the Receptor: A New Approach Based on Differential Evolution. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:3860-3872. [PMID: 35512104 PMCID: PMC9202309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Steered molecular
dynamics (SMD) simulation is a powerful method
in computer-aided drug design as it can be used to access the relative
binding affinity with high precision but with low computational cost.
The success of SMD depends on the choice of the direction along which
the ligand is pulled from the receptor-binding site. In most simulations,
the unidirectional pathway was used, but in some cases, this choice
resulted in the ligand colliding with the complex surface of the exit
tunnel. To overcome this difficulty, several variants of SMD with
multidirectional pulling have been proposed, but they are not completely
devoid of disadvantages. Here, we have proposed to determine the direction
of pulling with a simple scoring function that minimizes the receptor–ligand
interaction, and an optimization algorithm called differential evolution
is used for energy minimization. The effectiveness of our protocol
was demonstrated by finding expulsion pathways of Huperzine A and
camphor from the binding site of Torpedo California acetylcholinesterase
and P450cam proteins, respectively, and comparing them with the previous
results obtained using memetic sampling and random acceleration molecular
dynamics. In addition, by applying this protocol to a set of ligands
bound with LSD1 (lysine specific demethylase 1), we obtained a much
higher correlation between the work of pulling force and experimental
data on the inhibition constant IC50 compared to that obtained using
the unidirectional approach based on minimal steric hindrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Linh Nguyen
- Life Science Lab, Institute for Computational Science and Technology, QuangTrung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 729110, Vietnam.,Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 740500, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 71300, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Quoc Thai
- Life Science Lab, Institute for Computational Science and Technology, QuangTrung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 729110, Vietnam.,Dong Thap University, 783 Pham Huu Lau Street, Ward 6, Cao Lanh City, Dong Thap 81100, Vietnam
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
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44
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One-step synthesis of picolinohydrazides from fusaric acid: DFT, structural characterization and molecular inhibitory studies on metastatic tumor-derived exosomal and non-exosomal proteins. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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45
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Bhardwaj VK, Purohit R. A lesson for the maestro of the replication fork: Targeting the protein-binding interface of proliferating cell nuclear antigen for anticancer therapy. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1091-1102. [PMID: 35486518 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) has emerged as a promising candidate for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. PCNA is a nononcogenic mediator of DNA replication that regulates a diverse range of cellular functions and pathways through a comprehensive list of protein-protein interactions. The hydrophobic binding pocket on PCNA offers an opportunity for the development of inhibitors to target various types of cancers and modulate protein-protein interactions. In the present study, we explored the binding modes and affinity of molecule I1 (standard molecule) with the previously suggested dimer interface pocket and the hydrophobic pocket present on the frontal side of the PCNA monomer. We also identified potential lead molecules from the library of in-house synthesized 3-methylenisoindolin-1-one based molecules to inhibit the protein-protein interactions of PCNA. Our results were based on robust computational methods, including molecular docking, conventional, steered, and umbrella sampling molecular dynamics simulations. Our results suggested that the standard inhibitor I1 interacts with the hydrophobic pocket of PCNA with a higher affinity than the previously suggested binding site. Also, the proposed molecules showed better or comparable binding free energies as calculated by the Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) approach and further validated by enhanced umbrella sampling simulations. In vitro and in vivo methods could test the computationally suggested molecules for advancement in the drug discovery pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Bhardwaj
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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46
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García Jiménez D, Rossi Sebastiano M, Vallaro M, Mileo V, Pizzirani D, Moretti E, Ermondi G, Caron G. Designing Soluble PROTACs: Strategies and Preliminary Guidelines. J Med Chem 2022; 65:12639-12649. [PMID: 35469399 PMCID: PMC9574862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Solubility optimization is a crucial step to obtaining oral PROTACs. Here we measured the thermodynamic solubilities (log S) of 21 commercial PROTACs. Next, we measured BRlogD and log kwIAM (lipophilicity), EPSA, and Δ log kwIAM (polarity) and showed that lipophilicity plays a major role in governing log S, but a contribution of polarity cannot be neglected. Two-/three-dimensional descriptors calculated on conformers arising from conformational sampling and steered molecular dynamics failed in modeling solubility. Infographic tools were used to identify a privileged region of soluble PROTACs in a chemical space defined by BRlogD, log kwIAM and topological polar surface area, while machine learning provided a log S classification model. Finally, for three pairs of PROTACs we measured the solubility, lipophilicity, and polarity of the building blocks and identified the limits of estimating PROTAC solubility from the synthetic components. Overall, this paper provides promising guidelines for optimizing PROTAC solubility in early drug discovery programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego García Jiménez
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, CASSMedChem, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Rossi Sebastiano
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, CASSMedChem, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Maura Vallaro
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, CASSMedChem, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Mileo
- Global Research and Preclinical Development, Research Center, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy.,Emerging Science & Technology Unit, Research Center, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Pizzirani
- Global Research and Preclinical Development, Research Center, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy.,Emerging Science & Technology Unit, Research Center, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Elisa Moretti
- Global Research and Preclinical Development, Research Center, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ermondi
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, CASSMedChem, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Caron
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences Department, CASSMedChem, University of Torino, Via Quarello 15, 10135 Torino, Italy
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47
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In silico evaluation of atazanavir as a potential HIV main protease inhibitor and its comparison with new designed analogs. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Kumar S, Bhardwaj VK, Singh R, Das P, Purohit R. Identification of acridinedione scaffolds as potential inhibitor of DENV-2 C protein: An in silico strategy to combat dengue. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:935-946. [PMID: 35315127 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is a prominent viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes to humans that affects mainly tropical and subtropical countries worldwide. The global spread of dengue virus (DENV) is mainly occurred by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The dengue virus serotypes-2 (DENV-2) is a widely prevalent serotype of DENV, that causes the hemorrhagic fever and bleeding in the mucosa, which can be fatal. In the life cycle of DENV-2, a structural capsid (DENV-2 C) protein forms the nucleocapsid assembly and bind to the viral progeny RNA. For DENV-2 maturation, the nucleocapsid is a vital component. We used virtual ligand screening to filter out the best in-house synthesized acridinedione analogs (DSPD molecules) that could efficiently bind to DENV-2 C protein. The molecular docking and dynamics simulations studies were performed to analyze the effect of DSPD molecules on DENV-2 C protein after binding. Our findings showed that DSPD molecules strongly interacted with DENV-2 C protein, as evident from molecular interactions and several time-dependent molecular dynamics-driven analyses. Moreover, this study was also supported by the thermodynamic binding free energy and steered molecular dynamics simulations. Therefore, we intend to suggest that the DSPD3 molecule could be used as a potential therapeutic molecule against dengue complications as compared to the cocrystallized inhibitor ST-148. However, further studies are required to demonstrate the ability of DSPD3 to induce DENV-2 C tetramer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay K Bhardwaj
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pralay Das
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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49
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Zhang Y, Qiu Y, Zhang H. Computational Investigation of Structural Basis for Enhanced Binding of Isoflavone Analogues with Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:8115-8127. [PMID: 35284766 PMCID: PMC8908493 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavone compounds are potent inhibitors against mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) for the treatment of alcoholism and drug addiction, and an in-depth understanding of the underlying structural basis helps design new inhibitors for enhanced binding. Here, we investigated the binding poses and strengths of eight isoflavone analogues (including CVT-10216 and daidzin) with ALDH2 via computational methods of molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA), steered MD, and umbrella sampling. Neither the Vina scoring of docked and MD-sampled complexes nor the nonbonded protein-inhibitor interaction energy from MD simulations is able to reproduce the relative binding strength of the inhibitors compared to experimental IC50 values. Considering the solvation contribution, MM-PBSA and relatively expensive umbrella sampling yield good performance for the relative binding (free) energies. The isoflavone skeleton prefers to form π-π stacking, π-sulfur, and π-alkyl interactions with planar (Phe and Trp) or sulfur-containing (Cys and Met) residues. The enhanced inhibition of CVT-10216 originates from both end groups of the isoflavone skeleton offering strong van der Waals contacts and from the methylsulfonamide group at the 4' position by hydrogen bonding (HB) with neighboring receptor residues. These results indicate that the hydrophobic binding tunnel of ALDH2 is larger than the isoflavone skeleton in length and thus an extended hydrophobic core is likely a premise for potent inhibitors.
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50
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Huang W, Zhang L, Li Z. Advances in computer-aided drug design for type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:461-472. [PMID: 35254188 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2047644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of diabetic patients is increasing, posing a heavy social and economic burden worldwide. Traditional drug development technology is time-consuming and costly, and the emergence of computer-aided drug design (CADD) has changed this situation. This study reviews the applications of CADD in diabetic drug designing. AREAS COVERED In this article, the authors focus on the advance in CADD in diabetic drug design by elaborating the discovery, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40), dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DDP-IV), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 (SGLT-2), and glucokinase (GK). Some drug discovery of these targets is related to CADD strategies. EXPERT OPINION There is no doubt that CADD has contributed to the discovery of novel anti-diabetic agents. However, there are still many limitations and challenges, such as lack of co-crystal complex, dynamic simulations, water, and metal ion treatment. In the near future, artificial intelligence (AI) may be a promising strategy to accelerate drug discovery and reduce costs by identifying candidates. Moreover, AlphaFold, a deep learning model that predicts the 3D structure of proteins, represents a considerable advancement in the structural prediction of proteins, especially in the absence of homologous templates for protein structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqiu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
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