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Gamal H, Ismail KA, Omar AMME, Teleb M, Abu-Serie MM, Huang S, Abdelsattar AS, Zamponi GW, Fahmy H. Non-small cell lung cancer sensitisation to platinum chemotherapy via new thiazole-triazole hybrids acting as dual T-type CCB/MMP-9 inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2388209. [PMID: 39140776 PMCID: PMC11328607 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2388209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin remains the unchallenged standard therapy for NSCLC. However, it is not completely curative due to drug resistance and oxidative stress-induced toxicity. Drug resistance is linked to overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and aberrant calcium signalling. We report synthesis of novel thiazole-triazole hybrids as MMP-9 inhibitors with T-type calcium channel blocking and antioxidant effects to sensitise NSCLC to cisplatin and ameliorate its toxicity. MTT and whole cell patch clamp assays revealed that 6d has a balanced profile of cytotoxicity (IC50 = 21 ± 1 nM, SI = 12.14) and T-type calcium channel blocking activity (⁓60% at 10 μM). It exhibited moderate ROS scavenging activity and nanomolar MMP-9 inhibition (IC50 = 90 ± 7 nM) surpassing NNGH with MMP-9 over -2 and MMP-10 over -13 selectivity. Docking and MDs simulated its receptor binding mode. Combination studies confirmed that 6d synergized with cisplatin (CI = 0.69 ± 0.05) lowering its IC50 by 6.89 folds. Overall, the study introduces potential lead adjuvants for NSCLC platinum-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Khadiga A Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Alamein International University (AIU), Alamein City, Egypt
| | - A-Mohsen M E Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Egypt
| | - Sun Huang
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Abdalla S Abdelsattar
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Zewail City of Sciences and Technology, October Gardens, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Hesham Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
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2
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Rashid ZA, Bardaweel SK. Novel Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12133. [PMID: 37569509 PMCID: PMC10418771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) belong to a family of zinc-dependent proteolytic metalloenzymes. MMP-9, a member of the gelatinase B family, is characterized as one of the most intricate MMPs. The crucial involvement of MMP-9 in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling underscores its significant correlation with each stage of cancer pathogenesis and progression. The design and synthesis of MMP-9 inhibitors is a potentially attractive research area. Unfortunately, to date, there is no effective MMP-9 inhibitor that passes the clinical trials and is approved by the FDA. This review primarily focuses on exploring the diverse strategies employed in the design and advancement of MMP-9 inhibitors, along with their anticancer effects and selectivity. To illuminate the essential structural characteristics necessary for the future design of novel MMP-9 inhibitors, the current narrative review highlights several recently discovered MMP-9 inhibitors exhibiting notable selectivity and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanaa K. Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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3
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Transcriptomic profiling and pathway analysis of cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells following ionizing radiation exposure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24214. [PMID: 34930946 PMCID: PMC8688546 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular system is sensitive to radiation injury, and vascular damage is believed to play a key role in delayed tissue injury such as pulmonary fibrosis. However, the response of endothelial cells to radiation is not completely understood. We examined the response of primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) to 10 Gy (1.15 Gy/min) X-irradiation. HLMVEC underwent senescence (80-85%) with no significant necrosis or apoptosis. Targeted RT-qPCR showed increased expression of genes CDKN1A and MDM2 (10-120 min). Western blotting showed upregulation of p2/waf1, MDM2, ATM, and Akt phosphorylation (15 min-72 h). Low levels of apoptosis at 24-72 h were identified using nuclear morphology. To identify novel pathway regulation, RNA-seq was performed on mRNA using time points from 2 to 24 h post-irradiation. Gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed increased cell cycle inhibition, DNA damage response, pro- and anti- apoptosis, and pro-senescence gene expression. Based on published literature on inflammation and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) pathway genes, we identified increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes and EndMT-associated genes by 24 h. Together our data reveal a time course of integrated gene expression and protein activation leading from early DNA damage response and cell cycle arrest to senescence, pro-inflammatory gene expression, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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Mardianingrum R, Hariono M, Ruswanto R, Yusuf M, Muchtaridi M. Synthesis, Anticancer Activity, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Molecular Modeling Studies of α-Mangostin Derivatives as hERα Inhibitor. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 62:5305-5316. [PMID: 34854302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
α-Mangostin is one of the secondary metabolites in mangosteen pericarp, which has been reported to have anti-breast cancer activity. In our previous study, three α-mangostin derivatives were computationally designed as hERα antagonists. In this present study, the designed compounds were synthesized undergoing a benzoylation reaction between α-mangostin with three benzoyl chloride derivatives to produce three derivatives, namely, AMB-1, AMB-2, and AMB-10. The synthesized compounds were then evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell model with hERα as the protein target. The in vitro assay shows moderate activity (57-126 μM) for all derivatives. The dynamic behaviors of all ligands, including α-mangostin and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT), were studied with 100 ns of MD simulation. The structure-activity relationship shows that although it does not entirely concord with the expected design, it can explain the trend of α-mangostin and its derivatives antiproliferative activities against MCF-7, which associates with hERα antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Mardianingrum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia.,Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Perjuangan, Tasikmalaya 46115, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Maywan Hariono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ruswanto Ruswanto
- Pharmacy Program, STIKes Bakti Tunas Husada, Tasikmalaya 46115, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
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Hariono M, Wijaya DBE, Chandra T, Frederick N, Putri AB, Herawati E, Warastika LA, Permatasari M, Putri ADA, Ardyantoro S. A Decade of Indonesian Atmosphere in Computer-Aided Drug Design. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 62:5276-5288. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maywan Hariono
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dominikus B. E. Wijaya
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teddy Chandra
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nico Frederick
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Agnes B. Putri
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Erlia Herawati
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Luthfi A. Warastika
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Merry Permatasari
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Agata D. A. Putri
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Satrio Ardyantoro
- Drug Discovery Student Club, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Bioguided Fractionation of Local Plants against Matrix Metalloproteinase9 and Its Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer Cell Models: In Silico and In Vitro Study (Part II). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051464. [PMID: 33800366 PMCID: PMC7962846 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous work, the partitions (1 mg/mL) of Ageratum conyzoides (AC) aerial parts and Ixora coccinea (IC) leaves showed inhibitions of 94% and 96%, respectively, whereas their fractions showed IC50 43 and 116 µg/mL, respectively, toward Matrix Metalloproteinase9 (MMP9), an enzyme that catalyzes a proteolysis of extracellular matrix. In this present study, we performed IC50 determinations for AC n-hexane, IC n-hexane, and IC ethylacetate partitions, followed by the cytotoxicity study of individual partitions against MDA-MB-231, 4T1, T47D, MCF7, and Vero cell lines. Successive fractionations from AC n-hexane and IC ethylacetate partitions led to the isolation of two compounds, oxytetracycline (OTC) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP). The result showed that AC n-hexane, IC n-hexane, and IC ethylacetate partitions inhibit MMP9 with their respective IC50 as follows: 246.1 µg/mL, 5.66 µg/mL, and 2.75 × 10−2 µg/mL. Toward MDA-MB-231, 4T1, T47D, and MCF7, AC n-hexane demonstrated IC50 2.05, 265, 109.70, and 2.11 µg/mL, respectively, whereas IC ethylacetate showed IC50 1.92, 57.5, 371.5, and 2.01 µg/mL, respectively. The inhibitions toward MMP9 by OTC were indicated by its IC50 18.69 µM, whereas DOP was inactive. A molecular docking study suggested that OTC prefers to bind to PEX9 rather than its catalytic domain. Against 4T1, OTC showed inhibition with IC50 414.20 µM. In conclusion, this study furtherly supports the previous finding that AC and IC are two herbals with potential to be developed as triple-negative anti-breast cancer agents.
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Hariyono P, Patramurti C, Candrasari DS, Hariono M. An integrated virtual screening of compounds from Carica papaya leaves against multiple protein targets of SARS-Coronavirus-2. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 3:100113. [PMID: 33619449 PMCID: PMC7889459 DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of SARS-Coronavirus-2 (Coronavirus-19) has been progressing by the increasing trend of the cases as well as deaths with neither vaccine nor drug is rationally used to stop the viral spread over. This study aims to perform an integrated virtual screening of compounds that had been identified from Carica papaya leaves, which are proposed to be a herbal treatment for SARS-Coronavirus-2. The screening was initiated by evaluating the 40 compounds from Carica papaya leaves for their drug-like likeness property. The selected compounds were then secondly screened using carcinogenic and toxicity filters. Further selected compounds were thirdly screened for their pharmacokinetic profile and the screening was lastly performed by docking the third selected compounds against multiple protein targets of SARS-Coronavirus-2 employing 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase (RdRp), endonuclease (EndoU), S1 and S2 region of spike protein. The results show that 20 of 40 compounds, which meet the requirements of drug-like likeness, carcinogenicity-toxicity filter, and pharmacokinetic profiles, can interact with the multiple protein targets of SARS-Coronavirus-2 with the order from high to low affinity as follows: S1 > 3CLpro > EndoU > RdRp > PLpro > S2. In conclusion, Carica papaya leaves are worth to be proposed for further in vitro study against SARS-Coronavirus-2 at both molecular and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandu Hariyono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Christine Patramurti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Damiana S Candrasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Maywan Hariono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Campus III, Paingan, Maguwoharjo, Sleman 55282, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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8
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Das N, Benko C, Gill SE, Dufour A. The Pharmacological TAILS of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 14:ph14010031. [PMID: 33396445 PMCID: PMC7823758 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been demonstrated to have both detrimental and protective functions in inflammatory diseases. Several MMP inhibitors, with the exception of Periostat®, have failed in Phase III clinical trials. As an alternative strategy, recent efforts have been focussed on the development of more selective inhibitors or targeting other domains than their active sites through specific small molecule inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies. Here, we present some examples that aim to better understand the mechanisms of conformational changes/allosteric control of MMPs functions. In addition to MMP inhibitors, we discuss unbiased global approaches, such as proteomics and N-terminomics, to identify new MMP substrates. We present some examples of new MMP substrates and their implications in regulating biological functions. By characterizing the roles and substrates of individual MMP, MMP inhibitors could be utilized more effectively in the optimal disease context or in diseases never tested before where MMP activity is elevated and contributing to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabangshu Das
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Join Healthy, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
| | - Colette Benko
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Join Healthy, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Foothills Hospital, 3330 Hospital Dr, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sean E. Gill
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Victoria Research Labs, Lawson Health Research Institute, A6-134, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada;
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Join Healthy, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Foothills Hospital, 3330 Hospital Dr, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Yano H, Nishimiya D, Kawaguchi Y, Tamura M, Hashimoto R. Discovery of potent and specific inhibitors targeting the active site of MMP-9 from the engineered SPINK2 library. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244656. [PMID: 33373399 PMCID: PMC7771667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to many physiological and pathological phenomena via the proteolysis of extracellular matrix components. Specific blocking of the active site of each MMP sheds light on its particular role. However, it remains difficult to acquire an active-site inhibitor with high specificity for only the target MMP due to the highly conserved structure around the active site of MMPs. Recently, we reported that potent and specific inhibitors of serine proteases were obtained from our proprietary engineered serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 2 (SPINK2) library. In this research, using this library, we succeeded in obtaining potent and specific MMP-9 inhibitors. The obtained inhibitors bound to the active site of MMP-9 and inhibited MMP-9 with low nanomolar Ki values. The inhibitors did not cross-react with other MMPs that we tested. Further analysis using MMP-9 mutants demonstrated that the inhibitors recognize not only the residues around the conserved active site of MMP-9 but also different and unique residues in exosites that are distant from each other. This unique recognition manner, which can be achieved by the large interface provided by engineered SPINK2, may contribute to the generation of specific active-site inhibitors of MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Yano
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Daisuke Nishimiya
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshirou Kawaguchi
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Tamura
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hashimoto
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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Bioguided Fractionation of Local Plants against Matrix Metalloproteinase9 and Its Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer Cell Models: In Silico and In Vitro Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204691. [PMID: 33066411 PMCID: PMC7587335 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase9 (MMP9) is known to be highly expressed during metastatic cancer where most known potential inhibitors failed in the clinical trials. This study aims to select local plants in our state, as anti-breast cancer agent with hemopexin-like domain of MMP9 (PEX9) as the selective protein target. In silico screening for PEX9 inhibitors was performed from our in house-natural compound database to identify the plants. The selected plants were extracted using methanol and then a step-by-step in vitro screening against MMP9 was performed from its crude extract, partitions until fractions using FRET-based assay. The partitions were obtained by performing liquid–liquid extraction on the methanol extract using n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol, and water representing nonpolar to polar solvents. The fractions were made from the selected partition, which demonstrated the best inhibition percentage toward MMP9, using column chromatography. Of the 200 compounds screened, 20 compounds that scored the binding affinity −11.2 to −8.1 kcal/mol toward PEX9 were selected as top hits. The binding of these hits were thoroughly investigated and linked to the plants which they were reported to be isolated from. Six of the eight crude extracts demonstrated inhibition toward MMP9 with the IC50 24 to 823 µg/mL. The partitions (1 mg/mL) of Ageratum conyzoides aerial parts and Ixora coccinea leaves showed inhibition 94% and 96%, whereas their fractions showed IC50 43 and 116 µg/mL, respectively toward MMP9. Using MTT assay, the crude extract of Ageratum exhibited IC50 22 and 229 µg/mL against 4T1 and T47D cell proliferations, respectively with a high safety index concluding its potential anti-breast cancer from herbal.
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Kotta JC, Lestari ABS, Candrasari DS, Hariono M. Medicinal Effect, In Silico Bioactivity Prediction, and Pharmaceutical Formulation of Ageratum conyzoides L.: A Review. SCIENTIFICA 2020; 2020:6420909. [PMID: 33110668 PMCID: PMC7578719 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6420909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Goat weed (Ageratum conyzoides L.), or bandotan in Indonesia, is an herbaceous plant that broadly grows up in both subtropical as well as tropical areas. This herb contains many phytoconstituents which have many benefits in different aspects. The essential oil contains phytochemicals such as phenol, phenolic ester, and coumarin, whereas many compounds can been identified in the whole part such as terpenoid, steroid, chromene, pyrrolizidine alkaloid, and flavonoid. Empirically, this herb has been used as an antihemorrhagic, antiseptic, antileprosy, and wound-healing agent. This article reviews the potency of the herb in medication according to the chemical substances being deposited, which are collected from numerous studies, followed by its in silico bioactivity prediction as well as its pharmaceutical dosage form formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvidianto C. Kotta
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta Campus III, Depok 55282, Indonesia
| | - Agatha B. S. Lestari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta Campus III, Depok 55282, Indonesia
| | - Damiana S. Candrasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta Campus III, Depok 55282, Indonesia
| | - Maywan Hariono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta Campus III, Depok 55282, Indonesia
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