1
|
He Z, Yang W, Yang F, Zhang J, Ma L. Innovative medicinal chemistry strategies for enhancing drug solubility. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 279:116842. [PMID: 39260319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Drug candidates with poor solubility have been recognized as the cause of many drug development failures, owing to the fact that low solubility is unfavorable for physicochemical, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties. Given the imperative role of solubility during drug development, we herein summarize various strategies for solubility optimizations from a medicinal chemistry perspective, including introduction of polar group, salt formation, structural simplification, disruption of molecular planarity and symmetry, optimizations on the solvent exposed region as well as prodrug design. In addition, methods for solubility assessment and prediction are reviewed. Besides, we have deeply discussed the strategies for solubility improvement. This paper is expected to be beneficial for the development of drug-like molecules with good solubility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxu He
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 450046, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Liying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; China Meheco Topfond Pharmaceutical Co., Zhumadian, 463000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hirst DJ, Bamborough P, Al-Mahdi N, Angell DC, Barnett HA, Baxter A, Bit RA, Brown JA, Chung CW, Craggs PD, Davis RP, Demont EH, Ferrie A, Gordon LJ, Harada I, Ho TCT, Holyer ID, Hooper-Greenhill E, Jones KL, Lindon MJ, Lovatt C, Lugo D, Maller C, McGonagle G, Messenger C, Mitchell DJ, Pascoe DD, Patel VK, Patten C, Poole DL, Shah RR, Rioja I, Stafford KAJ, Tape D, Taylor S, Theodoulou NH, Tomlinson L, Wall ID, Wellaway CR, White G, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Structure- and Property-Based Optimization of Efficient Pan-Bromodomain and Extra Terminal Inhibitors to Identify Oral and Intravenous Candidate I-BET787. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10464-10489. [PMID: 38866424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) family of bromodomain-containing proteins are important epigenetic regulators that elicit their effect through binding histone tail N-acetyl lysine (KAc) post-translational modifications. Recognition of such markers has been implicated in a range of oncology and immune diseases and, as such, small-molecule inhibition of the BET family bromodomain-KAc protein-protein interaction has received significant interest as a therapeutic strategy, with several potential medicines under clinical evaluation. This work describes the structure- and property-based optimization of a ligand and lipophilic efficient pan-BET bromodomain inhibitor series to deliver candidate I-BET787 (70) that demonstrates efficacy in a mouse model of inflammation and suitable properties for both oral and intravenous (IV) administration. This focused two-phase explore-exploit medicinal chemistry effort delivered the candidate molecule in 3 months with less than 100 final compounds synthesized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Hirst
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Bamborough
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Niam Al-Mahdi
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Davina C Angell
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Heather A Barnett
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Andrew Baxter
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rino A Bit
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Jack A Brown
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Chun-Wa Chung
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Peter D Craggs
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Robert P Davis
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Emmanuel H Demont
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Alan Ferrie
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Laurie J Gordon
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Isobel Harada
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Tim C T Ho
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ian D Holyer
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Katherine L Jones
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Matthew J Lindon
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Cerys Lovatt
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - David Lugo
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Claire Maller
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Grant McGonagle
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Cassie Messenger
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Darren J Mitchell
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - David D Pascoe
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | | | - Darren L Poole
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rishi R Shah
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Daniel Tape
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Simon Taylor
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Laura Tomlinson
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ian D Wall
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Gemma White
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Subbaiah MAM, Rautio J, Meanwell NA. Prodrugs as empowering tools in drug discovery and development: recent strategic applications of drug delivery solutions to mitigate challenges associated with lead compounds and drug candidates. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2099-2210. [PMID: 38226865 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The delivery of a drug to a specific organ or tissue at an efficacious concentration is the pharmacokinetic (PK) hallmark of promoting effective pharmacological action at a target site with an acceptable safety profile. Sub-optimal pharmaceutical or ADME profiles of drug candidates, which can often be a function of inherently poor physicochemical properties, pose significant challenges to drug discovery and development teams and may contribute to high compound attrition rates. Medicinal chemists have exploited prodrugs as an informed strategy to productively enhance the profiles of new chemical entities by optimizing the physicochemical, biopharmaceutical, and pharmacokinetic properties as well as selectively delivering a molecule to the site of action as a means of addressing a range of limitations. While discovery scientists have traditionally employed prodrugs to improve solubility and membrane permeability, the growing sophistication of prodrug technologies has enabled a significant expansion of their scope and applications as an empowering tool to mitigate a broad range of drug delivery challenges. Prodrugs have emerged as successful solutions to resolve non-linear exposure, inadequate exposure to support toxicological studies, pH-dependent absorption, high pill burden, formulation challenges, lack of feasibility of developing solid and liquid dosage forms, first-pass metabolism, high dosing frequency translating to reduced patient compliance and poor site-specific drug delivery. During the period 2012-2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 50 prodrugs, which amounts to 13% of approved small molecule drugs, reflecting both the importance and success of implementing prodrug approaches in the pursuit of developing safe and effective drugs to address unmet medical needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiah A M Subbaiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Biocon Park, Bommasandra Phase IV, Bangalore, PIN 560099, India.
| | - Jarkko Rautio
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- The Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oberoi HS, Arce F, Purohit HS, Yu M, Fowler CA, Zhou D, Law D. Design of a Re-Dispersible High Drug Load Amorphous Formulation. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:250-263. [PMID: 36243131 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) are a commonly used enabling formulation technology to drive oral absorption of poorly soluble drugs. To ensure adequate solid-state stability and dissolution characteristics, the ASD formulation design typically has ≤ 25% drug loading. Exposed to aqueous media, ASD formulations can produce drug-rich colloidal dispersion with particle size < 500 nm. This in situ formation of colloidal particles requires incorporation of excess excipients in the formulation. The concept of using engineered drug-rich particles having comparable size as those generated by ASDs in aqueous media is explored with the goal of increasing drug loading in the solid dosage form. Utilizing ABT-530 as model compound, a controlled solvent-antisolvent precipitation method resulted in a dilute suspension that contained drug-rich (90% (w/w)) amorphous nanoparticles (ANP). The precipitation process was optimized to yield a suspension containing < 300 nm ANP. A systematic evaluation of formulation properties and process variables resulted in the generation of dry powders composed of 1-8 µm agglomerates of nanoparticles which in contact with water regenerated the colloidal suspension having particle size comparable to primary particles. Thus, this work demonstrates an approach to designing a re-dispersible ANP based powder containing ≥90% w/w ABT-530 that could be used in preparation of a high drug load solid dosage form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Freddy Arce
- Current Affiliation: Bristol Myers Squibb, NJ, USA
| | | | - Mengqi Yu
- NCE-Formulation Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Craig A Fowler
- NCE-Formulation Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Devalina Law
- NCE-Formulation Sciences, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Studies on Preformulation and Formulation of JIN-001 Liquisolid Tablet with Enhanced Solubility. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040412. [PMID: 35455409 PMCID: PMC9030333 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor liquisolid tablet with improved solubility to overcome low bioavailability issues. As an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), JIN-001, a novel Hsp90 inhibitor, was reported to have substantial in vitro antiproliferative and in vivo antitumor activity; however, JIN-001 was a crystalline solid with very low solubility in an aqueous solution, and therefore, Capryol 90, which has excellent solubilization ability, was selected as an optimal liquid vehicle based on solubility studies. JIN-001 liquisolid (JLS) powder was successfully prepared by dissolving JIN-001 in Capryol 90 and mixing colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD) used as an oil adsorption agent. The prepared JLS was confirmed to be amorphous. Based on the result of the solubility test of JLS, compared to JIN-001, the solubility of the former was significantly improved in all solvents regardless of pH. JLS tablets were prepared through wet granulation using JIN-001 and stable excipients based on the compatibility test. The developed JLS tablet significantly increased the drug release rate in all tested solutions; however, the liquisolid method had no significant effect on bioavailability in the pharmacokinetics study in beagle dogs. In conclusion, the liquisolid system influenced the solubility and dissolution rate of JIN-001.
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang Y, Du Y, Su W. Convenient and Flexible Syntheses of gem-Dimethyl Carboxylic Triggers via Mono-Selective β-C(sp3)-H Arylation of Pivalic Acid with ortho-Substituted Aryl Iodides. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00478j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a palladium(II)-catalyzed mono-selective C(sp3)-H arylation of pivalic acid for rapid construction of an important library of 3-aryl-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acids, especially those ortho-substituted-aryl compounds. The strategy greatly streamlines the...
Collapse
|
7
|
Voight EA, Greszler SN, Kym PR. Fueling the Pipeline via Innovations in Organic Synthesis. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1365-1373. [PMID: 34531945 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The paramount importance of synthetic organic chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry arises from the necessity to physically prepare all designed molecules to obtain key data to feed the design-synthesis-data cycle, with the medicinal chemist at the center of this cycle. Synthesis specialists accelerate the cycle of medicinal chemistry innovation by rapidly identifying and executing impactful synthetic methods and strategies to accomplish project goals, addressing the synthetic accessibility bottleneck that often plagues discovery efforts. At AbbVie, Discovery Synthesis Groups (DSGs) such as Centralized Organic Synthesis (COS) have been deployed as embedded members of medicinal chemistry teams, filling the gap between discovery and process chemistry. COS chemists provide synthetic tools, scaffolds, and lead compounds to fuel the pipeline. Examples of project contributions from neuroscience, cystic fibrosis, and virology illustrate the impact of the DSG approach. In the first ten years of innovative science in pursuit of excellence in synthesis, several advanced drug candidates, including ABBV-2222 (galicaftor) for cystic fibrosis and foslevodopa/foscarbidopa for Parkinson's disease, have emerged with key contributions from COS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Voight
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Stephen N. Greszler
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Philip R. Kym
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Voight EA, Greszler SN, Hartung J, Ji J, Klix RC, Randolph JT, Shelat BH, Waters JE, DeGoey DA. Desymmetrization of pibrentasvir for efficient prodrug synthesis. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10076-10082. [PMID: 34349971 PMCID: PMC8317637 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02396a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel and practical desymmetrization tactic is described to access a new class of pibrentasvir prodrugs. The homotopic benzimidazoles of pibrentasvir (PIB) are differentiated via a one-pot di-Boc/mono-de-Boc selective N-Boc protection and formaldehyde adduct formation sequence, both enabled by crystallization-induced selectivity. The first step represents the only known application of the Horeau principle of statistical amplification for C2-symmetric polyheterocycle regioselective functionalization. The resulting versatile intermediate is employed in the high-yielding preparation of several pibrentasvir prodrug candidates. Horeau principle statistical amplification and solubility-driven selectivities allow C2-desymmetrization of pibrentasvir without typically required internal functionalization or steric proximity effects.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Voight
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| | - Stephen N Greszler
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| | - John Hartung
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| | - Jianguo Ji
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| | - Russell C Klix
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| | - John T Randolph
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| | - Bhadra H Shelat
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| | - Jan E Waters
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| | - David A DeGoey
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago Illinois 60064-1802 USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Groaz E, De Clercq E, Herdewijn P. Anno 2021: Which antivirals for the coming decade? ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2021; 57:49-107. [PMID: 34744210 PMCID: PMC8563371 DOI: 10.1016/bs.armc.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable progress in the development of antiviral drugs, among which anti-immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) medications can be considered real success stories, many viral infections remain without an effective treatment. This not only applies to infectious outbreaks caused by zoonotic viruses that have recently spilled over into humans such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but also ancient viral diseases that have been brought under control by vaccination such as variola (smallpox), poliomyelitis, measles, and rabies. A largely unsolved problem are endemic respiratory infections due to influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and rhinoviruses, whose associated morbidity will likely worsen with increasing air pollution. Furthermore, climate changes will expose industrialized countries to a dangerous resurgence of viral hemorrhagic fevers, which might also become global infections. Herein, we summarize the recent progress that has been made in the search for new antivirals against these different threats that the world population will need to confront with increasing frequency in the next decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Groaz
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,Corresponding author:
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|