1
|
Li K, Cai J, Jiang Z, Meng Q, Meng Z, Xiao H, Chen G, Qiao C, Luo L, Yu J, Li X, Wei Y, Li H, Liu C, Shen B, Wang J, Feng J. Unveiling novel insights into human IL-6 - IL-6R interaction sites through 3D computer-guided docking and systematic site mutagenesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18293. [PMID: 39112658 PMCID: PMC11306327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69429-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Understanding the precise mechanism of IL-6 interaction at the amino acid level is essential to develop IL-6-inhibiting compounds. In this study, we employed computer-guided drug design tools to predict the key residues that are involved in the interaction between IL-6 and its receptor IL-6R. Subsequently, we generated IL-6 mutants and evaluated their binding affinity to IL-6R and the IL-6R - gp130 complex, as well as monitoring their biological activities. Our findings revealed that the R167A mutant exhibited increased affinity for IL-6R, leading to enhanced binding to IL-6R - gp130 complex and subsequently elevated intracellular phosphorylation of STAT3 in effector cells. On the other hand, although E171A reduced its affinity for IL-6R, it displayed stronger binding to the IL-6R - gp130 complex, thereby enhancing its biological activity. Furthermore, we identified the importance of R178 and R181 for the precise recognition of IL-6 by IL-6R. Mutants R181A/V failed to bind to IL-6R, while maintaining an affinity for the IL-6 - gp130 complex. Additionally, deletion of the D helix resulted in complete loss of IL-6 binding affinity for IL-6R. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the binding mechanism of IL-6 and establishes a solid foundation for future design of novel IL-6 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitong Li
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Junyu Cai
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhiyang Jiang
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qingbin Meng
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhao Meng
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - He Xiao
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Guojiang Chen
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chunxia Qiao
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Longlong Luo
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jijun Yu
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yinxiang Wei
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Chenghua Liu
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Beifen Shen
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Jiannan Feng
- Laboratory for Genetic Engineering of Antibodies and Functional Proteins, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jung JH, Lee H, Jeon J, Lee YJ, Nada H, Kim M, Lee H, Bhattarai D, Lee K, Ko HW. A novel indole derivative, 2-{3-[1-(benzylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl]-2-methyl-1H-indol-1-yl}-1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethenone, suppresses hedgehog signaling and drug-resistant tumor growth. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400218. [PMID: 38963677 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays important roles in various physiological functions. Several malignancies, such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and medulloblastoma (MB), have been linked to the aberrant activation of Hh signaling. Although therapeutic drugs have been developed to inhibit Hh pathway-dependent cancer growth, drug resistance remains a major obstacle in cancer treatment. Here, we show that the newly identified, 2-{3-[1-(benzylsulfonyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl]-2-methyl-1H-indol-1-yl}-1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethenone analog (LKD1214) exhibits comparable potency to vismodegib in suppressing the Hh pathway activation. LKD1214 represses Smoothened (SMO) activity by blocking its ciliary translocation. Interestingly, we also identified that it has a distinctive binding interface with SMO compared with other SMO-regulating chemicals. Notably, it maintains an inhibitory activity against the SmoD477H mutant, as observed in a patient with vismodegib-resistant BCC. Furthermore, LKD1214 inhibits tumor growth in the mouse model of MB. Collectively, these findings suggest that LKD1214 has the therapeutic potential to overcome drug-resistance in Hh-dependent cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Hwayoung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Ji Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Hossam Nada
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Minkyoung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Hankyu Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Deepak Bhattarai
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Hyuk Wan Ko
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Babar DA, Khansole G, Kumar Singh V, Shinde A, Vaishnavi K, Balaji AS, Rode HB. N,N-Diarylsulfonamide Reduces Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-6 Levels in Cells through Nuclear Factor-κB Regulation. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300598. [PMID: 38613187 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The arylsulfonamides were synthesized from aryl sulfonyl chloride and aromatic amines in dichloromethane in the presence of pyridine. The aryne chemistry was used to prepare diarylsulfonamide from arylsulfonamides and O-silylaryl triflate with CsF in acetonitrile at room temperature for 30 min. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity followed by the cytokine/inflammatory marker's inhibition capability and its mechanism of action in RAW-264.7 cells. Elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels have been reported in inflammatory conditions and inflammation-associated disorders. Hence, reducing the IL-6 levels in inflammatory conditions can serve as an attractive therapeutic target in dealing the inflammation. Among 42 compounds, seven compounds showed significant inhibition of IL-6 levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenged RAW-264.7 cells at 12.5 μM concentration. Further, investigation revealed that the IC50 value of these compounds for reducing IL-6 levels was found to be in the range of 2.6 to 9.7 μM. The promising compounds 5y (IC50 of 2.6 μM) and 5n (IC50 of 4.1 μM) along with other derivatives fulfil drug-likeness parameters laid down by Lipinski's rule of five. Further, RT-qPCR and Western-blot analysis revealed that treatment with 5n significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory, inflammatory and macrophage marker's expression (IL-1β, CCL2, COX2 and CD68) compared to LPS control. The mechanistic evaluation showed that 5n exhibited anti-inflammatory properties by modulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. The identified compound can be a promising candidate for further discovery efforts to generate a preclinical candidate effective in inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dattatraya A Babar
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India-, 500007
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Gopinath Khansole
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India-, 500007
| | - Vishal Kumar Singh
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India-, 500007
| | - Akash Shinde
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India-, 500007
| | - Kambhampati Vaishnavi
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Andugulapati Sai Balaji
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Haridas B Rode
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India-, 500007
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Harmalkar DS, Sivaraman A, Nada H, Lee J, Kang H, Choi Y, Lee K. Natural products as IL-6 inhibitors for inflammatory diseases: Synthetic and SAR perspective. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1683-1726. [PMID: 38305581 DOI: 10.1002/med.22022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of various diseases including diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, multiple myeloma, rheumatoid arthritis, and prostate cancer. The signaling pathways associated with IL-6 offer promising targets for therapeutic interventions in inflammatory diseases and IL-6-dependent tumors. Although certain anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies are currently employed clinically, their usage is hampered by drawbacks such as high cost and potential immunogenicity, limiting their application. Thus, the imperative arises to develop novel small non-peptide molecules acting as IL-6 inhibitors. Various natural products derived from diverse sources have been investigated for their potential to inhibit IL-6 activity. Nevertheless, these natural products remain inadequately explored in terms of their structure-activity relationships. In response, our review aims to provide syntheses and structure activity perspective of natural IL-6 inhibitors. The comprehensive amalgamation of information presented in this review holds the potential to serve as a foundation for forthcoming research endeavors by medicinal chemists, facilitating the design of innovative IL-6 inhibitors to address the complexities of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh S Harmalkar
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Sanquelim, Goa, India
| | - Aneesh Sivaraman
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hossam Nada
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Joohan Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Hyeseul Kang
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hashmi HF, Xuan X, Chen K, Zhang P, Shahab M, Zheng G, Younous YA, Salamatullah AM, Bourhia M. Molecular modeling and simulation approaches to characterize potential molecular targets for burdock inulin to instigate protection against autoimmune diseases. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11291. [PMID: 38760355 PMCID: PMC11101470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we utilized molecular modeling and simulation approaches to define putative potential molecular targets for Burdock Inulin, including inflammatory proteins such as iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1β. Molecular docking results revealed potential interactions and good binding affinity for these targets; however, IL-1β, COX-2, and iNOS were identified as the best targets for Inulin. Molecular simulation-based stability assessment demonstrated that inulin could primarily target iNOS and may also supplementarily target COX-2 and IL-1β during DSS-induced colitis to reduce the role of these inflammatory mechanisms. Furthermore, residual flexibility, hydrogen bonding, and structural packing were reported with uniform trajectories, showing no significant perturbation throughout the simulation. The protein motions within the simulation trajectories were clustered using principal component analysis (PCA). The IL-1β-Inulin complex, approximately 70% of the total motion was attributed to the first three eigenvectors, while the remaining motion was contributed by the remaining eigenvectors. In contrast, for the COX2-Inulin complex, 75% of the total motion was attributed to the eigenvectors. Furthermore, in the iNOS-Inulin complex, the first three eigenvectors contributed to 60% of the total motion. Furthermore, the iNOS-Inulin complex contributed 60% to the total motion through the first three eigenvectors. To explore thermodynamically favorable changes upon mutation, motion mode analysis was carried out. The Free Energy Landscape (FEL) results demonstrated that the IL-1β-Inulin achieved a single conformation with the lowest energy, while COX2-Inulin and iNOS-Inulin exhibited two lowest-energy conformations each. IL-1β-Inulin and COX2-Inulin displayed total binding free energies of - 27.76 kcal/mol and - 37.78 kcal/mol, respectively, while iNOS-Inulin demonstrated the best binding free energy results at - 45.89 kcal/mol. This indicates a stronger pharmacological potential of iNOS than the other two complexes. Thus, further experiments are needed to use inulin to target iNOS and reduce DSS-induced colitis and other autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huma Farooque Hashmi
- School of Life Science and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xu Xuan
- School of Life Science and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- School of Life Science and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Pengying Zhang
- School of Life Science and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Muhammad Shahab
- State Key Laboratories of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojun Zheng
- State Key Laboratories of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
De-la-Torre P, Martínez-García C, Gratias P, Mun M, Santana P, Akyuz N, González W, Indzhykulian AA, Ramírez D. Identification of Druggable Binding Sites and Small Molecules as Modulators of TMC1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.05.583611. [PMID: 38826329 PMCID: PMC11142246 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.05.583611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Our ability to hear and maintain balance relies on the proper functioning of inner ear sensory hair cells, which translate mechanical stimuli into electrical signals via mechano-electrical transducer (MET) channels, composed of TMC1/2 proteins. However, the therapeutic use of ototoxic drugs, such as aminoglycosides and cisplatin, which can enter hair cells through MET channels, often leads to profound auditory and vestibular dysfunction. Despite extensive research on otoprotective compounds targeting MET channels, our understanding of how small molecule modulators interact with these channels remains limited, hampering the discovery of novel compounds. Here, we propose a structure-based screening approach, integrating 3D-pharmacophore modeling, molecular simulations, and experimental validation. Our pipeline successfully identified several novel compounds and FDA-approved drugs that reduced dye uptake in cultured cochlear explants, indicating MET modulation activity. Molecular docking and free-energy estimations for binding allowed us to identify three potential drug binding sites within the channel pore, phospholipids, and key amino acids involved in modulator interactions. We also identified shared ligand-binding features between TMC and structurally related TMEM16 protein families, providing novel insights into their distinct inhibition, while potentially guiding the rational design of MET-channel-specific modulators. Our pipeline offers a broad application to discover small molecule modulators for a wide spectrum of mechanosensitive ion channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro De-la-Torre
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paul Gratias
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Mun
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paula Santana
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nurunisa Akyuz
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy González
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulations (CBSM), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Artur A. Indzhykulian
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Mass Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Ramírez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Forid MS, Patil RB, Roney M, Huq AKMM, Mohd Nasir MHB, Mohd Aluwi MFF, Azuri MS, Wan Ishak WMB. Identification of β-cycloidal-derived mono-carbonyl curcumin analogs as potential interleukin-6 inhibitor to treat wound healing through QSAR, molecular docking, MD simulation, MM-GBSA calculation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38520169 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2331089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that involved in the different phases of wound healing. It is responsible for promoting inflammation, regulating tissue repair scar formation, stimulating the production of extracellular matrix components and recruiting immune cells to the wound site. Therefore, suppressing IL-6 is beneficial for wound healing. However, no small molecules are currently available in the market against the IL-6. As a result, this research gap motivates us to find a potential inhibitor. This study aimed to investigate the wound healing potential of novel β-cycloidal-derived mono-carbonyl curcumin analogs reported in the literature through screening a series of computational studies. The calculated pIC50 value of 18 compounds (below 10) showed that all compounds may have potential therapeutic efficacy. Molecular docking studies revealed that compound C12 (-45.6044 kcal/mol) bound most strongly in the active site of IL-6 compared to the FDA-approved drug clindamycin (-42.3223). The Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation displayed that lead compound C12 had the highest stability in the active site of IL-6 compared to the reference drug clindamycin. Furthermore, MMGBSA results indicated that C12 (-20.28 kcal/mol) had the highest binding energy compared to clindamycin (-8.36 kcal/mol). The ADMET analysis predicted that C12 are favourable for drug candidates. This study recommended compound C12 as a lead IL-6 inhibitor for future testing and development as therapeutics for wound healing.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Shaekh Forid
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Rajesh B Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad Technical Education Societys, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Miah Roney
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Bio Aromatic Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - A K M Moyeenul Huq
- Bio Aromatic Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hamzah Bin Mohd Nasir
- Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) Kuantan Campus, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Bio Aromatic Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Saupi Azuri
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Maznah Binti Wan Ishak
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen T, Liu Y, Ma B, Sun B, Pan Y, Ou Y, Yu H, She Z, Long Y. Anti-Inflammatory Sesquiterpenes from Fruiting Bodies of Schizophyllum commune. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:5416-5427. [PMID: 38477043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Schizophyllum commune, a fleshy fungus, is an important medicinal and food-homologous mushroom in China. In this work, eight undescribed sesquiterpenes schizomycins A-H (1-8) and one new meroterpenoid schizomycin I (9) together with three known analogues (10-12) were isolated from fruiting bodies of S. commune. Their planar structures were established by extensive spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data. The absolute configurations of compounds 1, 2, and 4 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and compounds 3 and 5-9 were confirmed by electronic circular dichroism calculations. Anti-inflammatory activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on IL-6 and IL-1β production in RAW 264.7 cells. Among them, compound 7 exhibited significant IL-6 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 3.6 μM. The results of molecular docking showed that compound 7 interacts with amino acid residues (Gly117, Lys118, Asp120, Thr166, and Try168) of the IL-6 receptor protein through hydrogen bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Buping Ma
- Bijie Nongtou Mushroom Industry Co. Ltd, Bijie 551700, China
| | - Bing Sun
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yahong Pan
- Guangzhou Jinchanhua Technology Co. Ltd, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yanghui Ou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Huijuan Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Zhigang She
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuhua Long
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abdel-Rahman SA, Gabr M. Small Molecule Immunomodulators as Next-Generation Therapeutics for Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:435. [PMID: 38275876 PMCID: PMC10814352 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive astrocytic glioma, remains a therapeutic challenge despite multimodal approaches. Immunotherapy holds promise, but its efficacy is hindered by the highly immunosuppressive GBM microenvironment. This review underscores the urgent need to comprehend the intricate interactions between glioma and immune cells, shaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in GBM. Immunotherapeutic advancements have shown limited success, prompting exploration of immunomodulatory approaches targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and microglia, constituting a substantial portion of the GBM TME. Converting protumor M2-like TAMs to antitumor M1-like phenotypes emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy for GBM. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses an additional challenge to successful immunotherapy, restricting drug delivery to GBM TME. Research efforts to enhance BBB permeability have mainly focused on small molecules, which can traverse the BBB more effectively than biologics. Despite over 200 clinical trials for GBM, studies on small molecule immunomodulators within the GBM TME are scarce. Developing small molecules with optimal brain penetration and selectivity against immunomodulatory pathways presents a promising avenue for combination therapies in GBM. This comprehensive review discusses various immunomodulatory pathways in GBM progression with a focus on immune checkpoints and TAM-related targets. The exploration of such molecules, with the capacity to selectively target key immunomodulatory pathways and penetrate the BBB, holds the key to unlocking new combination therapy approaches for GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somaya A. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute (MI3), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Gabr
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute (MI3), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nada H, Gul AR, Elkamhawy A, Kim S, Kim M, Choi Y, Park TJ, Lee K. Machine Learning-Based Approach to Developing Potent EGFR Inhibitors for Breast Cancer-Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Evaluation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:31784-31800. [PMID: 37692247 PMCID: PMC10483653 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is vital for regulating cellular functions, including cell division, migration, survival, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and cancer. EGFR overexpression is an ideal target for anticancer drug development as it is absent from normal tissues, marking it as tumor-specific. Unfortunately, the development of medication resistance limits the therapeutic efficacy of the currently approved EGFR inhibitors, indicating the need for further development. Herein, a machine learning-based application that predicts the bioactivity of novel EGFR inhibitors is presented. Clustering of the EGFR small-molecule inhibitor (∼9000 compounds) library showed that N-substituted quinazolin-4-amine-based compounds made up the largest cluster of EGFR inhibitors (∼2500 compounds). Taking advantage of this finding, rational drug design was used to design a novel series of 4-anilinoquinazoline-based EGFR inhibitors, which were first tested by the developed artificial intelligence application, and only the compounds which were predicted to be active were then chosen to be synthesized. This led to the synthesis of 18 novel compounds, which were subsequently evaluated for cytotoxicity and EGFR inhibitory activity. Among the tested compounds, compound 9 demonstrated the most potent antiproliferative activity, with 2.50 and 1.96 μM activity over MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines, respectively. Moreover, compound 9 displayed an EGFR inhibitory activity of 2.53 nM and promising apoptotic results, marking it a potential candidate for breast cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Nada
- BK21
FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development,
College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Anam Rana Gul
- Department
of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Ahmed Elkamhawy
- BK21
FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development,
College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Sungdo Kim
- BK21
FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development,
College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyoung Kim
- BK21
FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development,
College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- College
of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea
University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- BK21
FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development,
College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kargbo RB. The Synergistic Effects of 5-HT2A and TRP Agonism/Antagonism in Reducing Inflammation for Enhanced Mental and Physical Health. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1038-1040. [PMID: 37583822 PMCID: PMC10424303 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a widespread issue in the United States and the leading cause of disability globally, impacting people of all ages. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used for treatment, they have limited effectiveness and may take weeks to show results. There is a pressing need for fast and effective solutions for various types of depression, including chronic, clinical, situational, and undiagnosed cases. Alternative interventions are necessary not only for diagnosed depression but also for enhancing creativity, mindfulness, sexual desire, and overall well-being in individuals without a medical diagnosis of depression. This Patent Highlight discloses compositions designed to reduce inflammation and improve or maintain mental and physical health. These compositions target issues like depression, pain, mood disorders, anxiety, PTSD, digestive problems, relaxation, focus, creativity, and aim to decrease reliance on pharmaceutical and illicit drugs. The compositions involve combinations of at least one 5-HT2A serotonin receptor agonist and one TRP receptor agonist, possibly including a TRP receptor antagonist.
Collapse
|
12
|
Kargbo RB. Subhallucinogenic Concentrations of Substituted Phenethylamines as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Inflammatory and Neurological Disorders. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:884-885. [PMID: 37465310 PMCID: PMC10350937 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This Patent Highlight presents a method to treat inflammatory or neurological disorders in subjects needing treatment. The method involves administering a therapeutically effective amount of a composition containing a subhallucinogenic concentration of substituted phenethylamine. The substituted phenethylamine may belong to the 2C-X family, including 2C-H, 2C-I, 2C-B, or 2C-E. The specific concentration depends on the chronic inflammation's severity, with 25 mg for mild, 50 mg for moderate, and 100 mg for severe cases.
Collapse
|
13
|
Godesi S, Nada H, Lee J, Kang JH, Kim SY, Choi Y, Lee K. Integration of Hybridization Strategies in Pyridine-Urea Scaffolds for Novel Anticancer Agents: Design, Synthesis, and Mechanistic Insights. Molecules 2023; 28:4952. [PMID: 37446614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Annually, millions of new cancer cases are reported, leading to millions of deaths worldwide. Among the newly reported cases, breast and colon cancers prevail as the most frequently detected variations. To effectively counteract this rapid increase, the development of innovative therapies is crucial. Small molecules possessing pyridine and urea moieties have been reported in many of the currently available anticancer agents, especially VEGFR2 inhibitors. With this in mind, a rational design approach was employed to create hybrid small molecules combining urea and pyridine. These synthesized compounds underwent in vitro testing against breast and colon cancer cell lines, revealing potent submicromolar anticancer activity. Compound 8a, specifically, exhibited an impressive GI50 value of 0.06 μM against the MCF7 cancer cell line, while compound 8h displayed the highest cytotoxic activity against the HCT116 cell line, with a GI50 of 0.33 ± 0.042 μM. Notably, compounds 8a, 8h, and 8i demonstrated excellent safety profiles when tested on normal cells. Molecular docking, dynamic studies, and free energy calculations were employed to validate the affinity of these compounds as VEGFR2 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivasulu Godesi
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hossam Nada
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Joohan Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hee Kang
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Youl Kim
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|