1
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Noireterre A, Stutz F. Cdc48/p97 segregase: Spotlight on DNA-protein crosslinks. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 139:103691. [PMID: 38744091 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The ATP-dependent molecular chaperone Cdc48 (in yeast) and its human counterpart p97 (also known as VCP), are essential for a variety of cellular processes, including the removal of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) from the DNA. Growing evidence demonstrates in the last years that Cdc48/p97 is pivotal in targeting ubiquitinated and SUMOylated substrates on chromatin, thereby supporting the DNA damage response. Along with its cofactors, notably Ufd1-Npl4, Cdc48/p97 has emerged as a central player in the unfolding and processing of DPCs. This review introduces the detailed structure, mechanism and cellular functions of Cdc48/p97 with an emphasis on the current knowledge of DNA-protein crosslink repair pathways across several organisms. The review concludes by discussing the potential therapeutic relevance of targeting p97 in DPC repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Noireterre
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 4 1211, Switzerland
| | - Françoise Stutz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 4 1211, Switzerland.
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2
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Maduka AO, Manohar S, Foster MW, Silva GM. Localized K63 ubiquitin signaling is regulated by VCP/p97 during oxidative stress. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.598218. [PMID: 38948861 PMCID: PMC11213022 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.598218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Under stress conditions, cells reprogram their molecular machineries to mitigate damage and promote survival. Ubiquitin signaling is globally increased during oxidative stress, controlling protein fate and supporting stress defenses at several subcellular compartments. However, the rules driving subcellular ubiquitin localization to promote these concerted response mechanisms remain understudied. Here, we show that K63-linked ubiquitin chains, known to promote proteasome-independent pathways, accumulate primarily in non-cytosolic compartments during oxidative stress induced by sodium arsenite in mammalian cells. Our subcellular ubiquitin proteomic analyses of non-cytosolic compartments expanded 10-fold the pool of proteins known to be ubiquitinated during arsenite stress (2,046) and revealed their involvement in pathways related to immune signaling and translation control. Moreover, subcellular proteome analyses revealed proteins that are recruited to non-cytosolic compartments under stress, including a significant enrichment of helper ubiquitin-binding adaptors of the ATPase VCP that processes ubiquitinated substrates for downstream signaling. We further show that VCP recruitment to non-cytosolic compartments under arsenite stress occurs in a ubiquitin-dependent manner mediated by its adaptor NPLOC4. Additionally, we show that VCP and NPLOC4 activities are critical to sustain low levels of non-cytosolic K63-linked ubiquitin chains, supporting a cyclical model of ubiquitin conjugation and removal that is disrupted by cellular exposure to reactive oxygen species. This work deepens our understanding of the role of localized ubiquitin and VCP signaling in the basic mechanisms of stress response and highlights new pathways and molecular players that are essential to reshape the composition and function of the human subcellular proteome under dynamic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandhya Manohar
- Institute for Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew W. Foster
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
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3
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Yang J, Yu YC, Wang ZX, Li QQ, Ding N, Leng XJ, Cai J, Zhang MY, Wang JJ, Zhou Y, Wei TH, Xue X, Dai WC, Sun SL, Yang Y, Li NG, Shi ZH. Research strategies of small molecules as chemotherapeutics to overcome multiple myeloma resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116435. [PMID: 38648728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a cancer of plasma cells, is the second most common hematological malignancy which is characterized by aberrant plasma cells infiltration in the bone marrow and complex heterogeneous cytogenetic abnormalities. Over the past two decades, novel treatment strategies such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators, and monoclonal antibodies have significantly improved the relative survival rate of MM patients. However, the development of drug resistance results in the majority of MM patients suffering from relapse, limited treatment options and uncontrolled disease progression after relapse. There are urgent needs to develop and explore novel MM treatment strategies to overcome drug resistance and improve efficacy. Here, we review the recent small molecule therapeutic strategies for MM, and introduce potential new targets and corresponding modulators in detail. In addition, this paper also summarizes the progress of multi-target inhibitor therapy and protein degradation technology in the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yan-Cheng Yu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Ning Ding
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Leng
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jiao Cai
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Tian-Hua Wei
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xin Xue
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Wei-Chen Dai
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Shan-Liang Sun
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Nian-Guang Li
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Zhi-Hao Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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4
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Klickstein JA, Johnson MA, Antonoudiou P, Maguire J, Paulo JA, Gygi SP, Weihl C, Raman M. ALS-related p97 R155H mutation disrupts lysophagy in iPSC-derived motor neurons. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:366-382. [PMID: 38335961 PMCID: PMC10937112 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the AAA+ ATPase p97 cause multisystem proteinopathy 1, which includes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; however, the pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to motor neuron loss remain obscure. Here, we use two induced pluripotent stem cell models differentiated into spinal motor neurons to investigate how p97 mutations perturb the motor neuron proteome. Using quantitative proteomics, we find that motor neurons harboring the p97 R155H mutation have deficits in the selective autophagy of lysosomes (lysophagy). p97 R155H motor neurons are unable to clear damaged lysosomes and have reduced viability. Lysosomes in mutant motor neurons have increased pH compared with wild-type cells. The clearance of damaged lysosomes involves UBXD1-p97 interaction, which is disrupted in mutant motor neurons. Finally, inhibition of the ATPase activity of p97 using the inhibitor CB-5083 rescues lysophagy defects in mutant motor neurons. These results add to the evidence that endo-lysosomal dysfunction is a key aspect of disease pathogenesis in p97-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Klickstein
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Michelle A Johnson
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | - Jamie Maguire
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Steve P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Chris Weihl
- Department of Neurology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Malavika Raman
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
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5
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Pozner A, Li L, Verma SP, Wang S, Barrott JJ, Nelson ML, Yu JSE, Negri GL, Colborne S, Hughes CS, Zhu JF, Lambert SL, Carroll LS, Smith-Fry K, Stewart MG, Kannan S, Jensen B, John CM, Sikdar S, Liu H, Dang NH, Bourdage J, Li J, Vahrenkamp JM, Mortenson KL, Groundland JS, Wustrack R, Senger DL, Zemp FJ, Mahoney DJ, Gertz J, Zhang X, Lazar AJ, Hirst M, Morin GB, Nielsen TO, Shen PS, Jones KB. ASPSCR1-TFE3 reprograms transcription by organizing enhancer loops around hexameric VCP/p97. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1165. [PMID: 38326311 PMCID: PMC10850509 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The t(X,17) chromosomal translocation, generating the ASPSCR1::TFE3 fusion oncoprotein, is the singular genetic driver of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) and some Xp11-rearranged renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), frustrating efforts to identify therapeutic targets for these rare cancers. Here, proteomic analysis identifies VCP/p97, an AAA+ ATPase with known segregase function, as strongly enriched in co-immunoprecipitated nuclear complexes with ASPSCR1::TFE3. We demonstrate that VCP is a likely obligate co-factor of ASPSCR1::TFE3, one of the only such fusion oncoprotein co-factors identified in cancer biology. Specifically, VCP co-distributes with ASPSCR1::TFE3 across chromatin in association with enhancers genome-wide. VCP presence, its hexameric assembly, and its enzymatic function orchestrate the oncogenic transcriptional signature of ASPSCR1::TFE3, by facilitating assembly of higher-order chromatin conformation structures demonstrated by HiChIP. Finally, ASPSCR1::TFE3 and VCP demonstrate co-dependence for cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in ASPS and RCC mouse models, underscoring VCP's potential as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Pozner
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Shiv Prakash Verma
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jared J Barrott
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mary L Nelson
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jamie S E Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gian Luca Negri
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shane Colborne
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Ju-Fen Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sydney L Lambert
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lara S Carroll
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kyllie Smith-Fry
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michael G Stewart
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sarmishta Kannan
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Bodrie Jensen
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Cini M John
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Saif Sikdar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ngoc Ha Dang
- Department of Oncology, Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Bourdage
- Department of Oncology, Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jinxiu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jeffery M Vahrenkamp
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Katelyn L Mortenson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John S Groundland
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rosanna Wustrack
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Donna L Senger
- Department of Oncology, Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Franz J Zemp
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Douglas J Mahoney
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alexander J Lazar
- Departments of Anatomic Pathology, Translational Molecular Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martin Hirst
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregg B Morin
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Torsten O Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter S Shen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kevin B Jones
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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6
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Yu G, Bai Y, Zhang ZY. Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP)/p97 Oligomerization. Subcell Biochem 2024; 104:485-501. [PMID: 38963497 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-58843-3_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP), also known as p97, is an evolutionarily conserved AAA+ ATPase essential for cellular homeostasis. Cooperating with different sets of cofactors, VCP is involved in multiple cellular processes through either the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) or the autophagy/lysosomal route. Pathogenic mutations frequently found at the interface between the NTD domain and D1 ATPase domain have been shown to cause malfunction of VCP, leading to degenerative disorders including the inclusion body myopathy associated with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and cancers. Therefore, VCP has been considered as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegeneration and cancer. Most of previous studies found VCP predominantly exists and functions as a hexamer, which unfolds and extracts ubiquitinated substrates from protein complexes for degradation. However, recent studies have characterized a new VCP dodecameric state and revealed a controlling mechanism of VCP oligomeric states mediated by the D2 domain nucleotide occupancy. Here, we summarize our recent knowledge on VCP oligomerization, regulation, and potential implications of VCP in cellular function and pathogenic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guimei Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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7
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Li XJ, Nie P, Herdewijn P, Sun JG. Unlocking the synthetic approaches and clinical application of approved small-molecule drugs for gastrointestinal cancer treatment: A comprehensive exploration. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115928. [PMID: 37944387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers encompass a group of malignancies affecting the digestive system, including the stomach, esophagus, liver, colon, rectum and pancreas. These cancers represent a significant global health burden, necessitating effective treatment strategies. Small-molecule drugs have emerged as crucial therapeutic options in the fight against GI cancers due to their oral bioavailability, targeted mechanisms of action, and well-established safety profiles. The review then elucidates the clinical applications and synthetic methods of clinically approved small-molecule drugs for the treatment of GI cancer, shedding light on their mechanisms of action and their potential in mitigating GI cancer progression. The review also discusses future prospects and the evolving landscape of small-molecule drug development in GI oncology, highlighting the potential for personalized medicine. In summary, this review provides valuable insights into cutting-edge strategies for harnessing clinically approved small-molecule drugs to combat GI cancer effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Peng Nie
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute of Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute of Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jian-Gang Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
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8
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Nguyen NH, Sarangi S, McChesney EM, Sheng S, Durrant JD, Porter AW, Kleyman TR, Pitluk ZW, Brodsky JL. Genome mining yields putative disease-associated ROMK variants with distinct defects. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1011051. [PMID: 37956218 PMCID: PMC10695394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bartter syndrome is a group of rare genetic disorders that compromise kidney function by impairing electrolyte reabsorption. Left untreated, the resulting hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration can be fatal, and there is currently no cure. Bartter syndrome type II specifically arises from mutations in KCNJ1, which encodes the renal outer medullary potassium channel, ROMK. Over 40 Bartter syndrome-associated mutations in KCNJ1 have been identified, yet their molecular defects are mostly uncharacterized. Nevertheless, a subset of disease-linked mutations compromise ROMK folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which in turn results in premature degradation via the ER associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. To identify uncharacterized human variants that might similarly lead to premature degradation and thus disease, we mined three genomic databases. First, phenotypic data in the UK Biobank were analyzed using a recently developed computational platform to identify individuals carrying KCNJ1 variants with clinical features consistent with Bartter syndrome type II. In parallel, we examined genomic data in both the NIH TOPMed and ClinVar databases with the aid of Rhapsody, a verified computational algorithm that predicts mutation pathogenicity and disease severity. Subsequent phenotypic studies using a yeast screen to assess ROMK function-and analyses of ROMK biogenesis in yeast and human cells-identified four previously uncharacterized mutations. Among these, one mutation uncovered from the two parallel approaches (G228E) destabilized ROMK and targeted it for ERAD, resulting in reduced cell surface expression. Another mutation (T300R) was ERAD-resistant, but defects in channel activity were apparent based on two-electrode voltage clamp measurements in X. laevis oocytes. Together, our results outline a new computational and experimental pipeline that can be applied to identify disease-associated alleles linked to a range of other potassium channels, and further our understanding of the ROMK structure-function relationship that may aid future therapeutic strategies to advance precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga H. Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Srikant Sarangi
- Paradigm4, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Erin M. McChesney
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shaohu Sheng
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jacob D. Durrant
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aidan W. Porter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thomas R. Kleyman
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Jeffrey L. Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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9
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Sedenkova KN, Leschukov DN, Grishin YK, Zefirov NA, Gracheva YA, Skvortsov DA, Hrytseniuk YS, Vasilyeva LA, Spirkova EA, Shevtsov PN, Shevtsova EF, Lukmanova AR, Spiridonov VV, Markova AA, Nguyen MT, Shtil AA, Zefirova ON, Yaroslavov AA, Milaeva ER, Averina EB. Verubulin (Azixa) Analogues with Increased Saturation: Synthesis, SAR and Encapsulation in Biocompatible Nanocontainers Based on Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ Cross-Linked Alginate. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1499. [PMID: 37895970 PMCID: PMC10610134 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulin-targeting agents attract undiminished attention as promising compounds for the design of anti-cancer drugs. Verubulin is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor, binding to colchicine-binding sites. In the present work, a series of verubulin analogues containing a cyclohexane or cycloheptane ring 1,2-annulated with pyrimidine moiety and various substituents in positions 2 and 4 of pyrimidine were obtained and their cytotoxicity towards cancer and non-cancerous cell lines was estimated. The investigated compounds revealed activity against various cancer cell lines with IC50 down to 1-4 nM. According to fluorescent microscopy data, compounds that showed cytotoxicity in the MTT test disrupt the normal cytoskeleton of the cell in a pattern similar to that for combretastatin A-4. The hit compound (N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-amine) was encapsulated in biocompatible nanocontainers based on Ca2+ or Mg2+ cross-linked alginate and it was demonstrated that its cytotoxic activity was preserved after encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya N Sedenkova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis N Leschukov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri K Grishin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Zefirov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia A Gracheva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Skvortsov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Lilja A Vasilyeva
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Spirkova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Pavel N Shevtsov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Elena F Shevtsova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Alina R Lukmanova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily V Spiridonov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina A Markova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Minh T Nguyen
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A Shtil
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Cyber Intelligence Systems, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga N Zefirova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Elena R Milaeva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena B Averina
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Pozner A, Verma SP, Li L, Wang S, Barrott JJ, Nelson ML, Yu JSE, Negri GL, Colborne S, Hughes CS, Zhu JF, Lambert SL, Carroll LS, Smith-Fry K, Stewart MG, Kannan S, Jensen B, Mortenson KL, John C, Sikdar S, Liu H, Dang NH, Bourdage J, Li J, Vahrenkamp JM, Groundland JS, Wustrack R, Senger DL, Zemp FJ, Mahoney DJ, Gertz J, Zhang X, Lazar AJ, Hirst M, Morin GB, Nielsen TO, Shen PS, Jones KB. ASPSCR1-TFE3 reprograms transcription by organizing enhancer loops around hexameric VCP/p97. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.29.560242. [PMID: 37873234 PMCID: PMC10592841 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.29.560242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The t(X,17) chromosomal translocation, generating the ASPSCR1-TFE3 fusion oncoprotein, is the singular genetic driver of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) and some Xp11-rearranged renal cell carcinomas (RCC), frustrating efforts to identify therapeutic targets for these rare cancers. Proteomic analysis showed that VCP/p97, an AAA+ ATPase with known segregase function, was strongly enriched in co-immunoprecipitated nuclear complexes with ASPSCR1-TFE3. We demonstrate that VCP is a likely obligate co-factor of ASPSCR1-TFE3, one of the only such fusion oncoprotein co-factors identified in cancer biology. Specifically, VCP co-distributed with ASPSCR1-TFE3 across chromatin in association with enhancers genome-wide. VCP presence, its hexameric assembly, and its enzymatic function orchestrated the oncogenic transcriptional signature of ASPSCR1-TFE3, by facilitating assembly of higher-order chromatin conformation structures as demonstrated by HiChIP. Finally, ASPSCR1-TFE3 and VCP demonstrated co-dependence for cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in ASPS and RCC mouse models, underscoring VCP's potential as a novel therapeutic target.
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11
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de Oliveira C, Leswing K, Feng S, Kanters R, Abel R, Bhat S. FEP Protocol Builder: Optimization of Free Energy Perturbation Protocols Using Active Learning. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:5592-5603. [PMID: 37594480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Significant improvements have been made in the past decade to methods that rapidly and accurately predict binding affinity through free energy perturbation (FEP) calculations. This has been driven by recent advances in small-molecule force fields and sampling algorithms combined with the availability of low-cost parallel computing. Predictive accuracies of ∼1 kcal mol-1 have been regularly achieved, which are sufficient to drive potency optimization in modern drug discovery campaigns. Despite the robustness of these FEP approaches across multiple target classes, there are invariably target systems that do not display expected performance with default FEP settings. Traditionally, these systems required labor-intensive manual protocol development to arrive at parameter settings that produce a predictive FEP model. Due to the (a) relatively large parameter space to be explored, (b) significant compute requirements, and (c) limited understanding of how combinations of parameters can affect FEP performance, manual FEP protocol optimization can take weeks to months to complete, and often does not involve rigorous train-test set splits, resulting in potential overfitting. These manual FEP protocol development timelines do not coincide with tight drug discovery project timelines, essentially preventing the use of FEP calculations for these target systems. Here, we describe an automated workflow termed FEP Protocol Builder (FEP-PB) to rapidly generate accurate FEP protocols for systems that do not perform well with default settings. FEP-PB uses an active-learning workflow to iteratively search the protocol parameter space to develop accurate FEP protocols. To validate this approach, we applied it to pharmaceutically relevant systems where default FEP settings could not produce predictive models. We demonstrate that FEP-PB can rapidly generate accurate FEP protocols for the previously challenging MCL1 system with limited human intervention. We also apply FEP-PB in a real-world drug discovery setting to generate an accurate FEP protocol for the p97 system. FEP-PB is able to generate a more accurate protocol than the expert user, rapidly validating p97 as amenable to free energy calculations. Additionally, through the active-learning workflow, we are able to gain insight into which parameters are most important for a given system. These results suggest that FEP-PB is a robust tool that can aid in rapidly developing accurate FEP protocols and increasing the number of targets that are amenable to the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- César de Oliveira
- Schrodinger, Inc., 9868 Scranton Road, Suite 3200, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Karl Leswing
- Schrodinger, Inc., 1540 Broadway, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - Shulu Feng
- Schrodinger, Inc., 1540 Broadway, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - René Kanters
- Schrodinger, Inc., 1540 Broadway, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - Robert Abel
- Schrodinger, Inc., 1540 Broadway, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - Sathesh Bhat
- Schrodinger, Inc., 1540 Broadway, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
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12
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Chang YC, Lin K, Baxley RM, Durrett W, Wang L, Stojkova O, Billmann M, Ward H, Myers CL, Bielinsky AK. RNF4 and USP7 cooperate in ubiquitin-regulated steps of DNA replication. Open Biol 2023; 13:230068. [PMID: 37607592 PMCID: PMC10444366 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA replication requires precise regulation achieved through post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination and SUMOylation. These modifications are linked by the SUMO-targeted E3 ubiquitin ligases (STUbLs). Ring finger protein 4 (RNF4), one of only two mammalian STUbLs, participates in double-strand break repair and resolving DNA-protein cross-links. However, its role in DNA replication has been poorly understood. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genetic screens, we discovered an unexpected dependency of RNF4 mutants on ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 (USP7) for survival in TP53-null retinal pigment epithelial cells. TP53-/-/RNF4-/-/USP7-/- triple knockout (TKO) cells displayed defects in DNA replication that cause genomic instability. These defects were exacerbated by the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, which limited the nuclear ubiquitin pool. A shortage of free ubiquitin suppressed the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)-mediated checkpoint response, leading to increased cell death. In conclusion, RNF4 and USP7 work cooperatively to sustain a functional level of nuclear ubiquitin to maintain the integrity of the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chu Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kevin Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ryan M. Baxley
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wesley Durrett
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Liangjun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Olivera Stojkova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Maximilian Billmann
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Henry Ward
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Chad L. Myers
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Anja-Katrin Bielinsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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13
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Zhang X, Jiang L, Li Y, Feng Q, Sun X, Wang Y, Zhao M. Discovery of novel benzylquinazoline molecules as p97/VCP inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1209060. [PMID: 37388451 PMCID: PMC10300352 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1209060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Protein p97 is an extensively investigated AAA ATPase with various cellular activities, including cell cycle control, ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, and NF-κB activation. Method: In this study, we designed, synthesized and evaluated eight novel DBeQanalogs as potential p97 inhibitors in vivo and in vitro. Results: In the p97 ATPase inhibition assay, compounds 6 and 7 showed higher potency than the known p97 inhibitors, DBeQ and CB-5083. Compounds 4-6 dramatically induced G0/G1 phase arrest in the HCT116 cells, and compound 7 arrested the cells in both G0/G1 and S phases. Western blots showed elevated levels of SQSTM/p62, ATF-4, and NF-κB in HCT116 cells with the treatment of compounds 4-7, confirming their role in inhibiting the p97 signaling pathway in cells. In addition, the IC50 of compounds 4-6 against HCT116, RPMI-8226, and s180 proliferation were 0.24-6.9 µM with comparable potency as DBeQ. However, compounds 4-6 displayed low toxicity against the normal human colon cell line. Thus, compounds 6 and 7 were proved to be potential p97 inhibitors with less cytotoxicity. In vivo studies using the s180 xenograft model have demonstrated that compound 6 inhibited tumor growth, led to a significant reduction of p97 concentration in the serum and tumor, and indicated non-toxicity on the body weight and organ-to-brain weight ratios except for the spleen at the dose of 90 μmol/kg/day for 10 days. Furthermore, the present study indicated that compound 6 may not induce s180 mice myelosuppression often observed in the p97 inhibitors. Conclusion: Compound 6 displayed high binding affinity to p97, great p97 ATPase inhibition, selective cytotoxicity, remarkable anti-tumor effect, and upregulated safety, which improved the clinical potential of p97 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Lingna Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Feng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Xiulin Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Yaonan Wang
- Core Facilities Centre, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
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14
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Nguyen NH, Sarangi S, McChesney EM, Sheng S, Porter AW, Kleyman TR, Pitluk ZW, Brodsky JL. Genome mining yields new disease-associated ROMK variants with distinct defects. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.05.539609. [PMID: 37214976 PMCID: PMC10197530 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.05.539609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bartter syndrome is a group of rare genetic disorders that compromise kidney function by impairing electrolyte reabsorption. Left untreated, the resulting hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and dehydration can be fatal. Although there is no cure for this disease, specific genes that lead to different Bartter syndrome subtypes have been identified. Bartter syndrome type II specifically arises from mutations in the KCNJ1 gene, which encodes the renal outer medullary potassium channel, ROMK. To date, over 40 Bartter syndrome-associated mutations in KCNJ1 have been identified. Yet, their molecular defects are mostly uncharacterized. Nevertheless, a subset of disease-linked mutations compromise ROMK folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which in turn results in premature degradation via the ER associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. To identify uncharacterized human variants that might similarly lead to premature degradation and thus disease, we mined three genomic databases. First, phenotypic data in the UK Biobank were analyzed using a recently developed computational platform to identify individuals carrying KCNJ1 variants with clinical features consistent with Bartter syndrome type II. In parallel, we examined ROMK genomic data in both the NIH TOPMed and ClinVar databases with the aid of a computational algorithm that predicts protein misfolding and disease severity. Subsequent phenotypic studies using a high throughput yeast screen to assess ROMK function-and analyses of ROMK biogenesis in yeast and human cells-identified four previously uncharacterized mutations. Among these, one mutation uncovered from the two parallel approaches (G228E) destabilized ROMK and targeted it for ERAD, resulting in reduced protein expression at the cell surface. Another ERAD-targeted ROMK mutant (L320P) was found in only one of the screens. In contrast, another mutation (T300R) was ERAD-resistant, but defects in ROMK activity were apparent after expression and two-electrode voltage clamp measurements in Xenopus oocytes. Together, our results outline a new computational and experimental pipeline that can be applied to identify disease-associated alleles linked to a range of other potassium channels, and further our understanding of the ROMK structure-function relationship that may aid future therapeutic strategies. Author Summary Bartter syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by defective renal electrolyte handing, leading to debilitating symptoms and, in some patients, death in infancy. Currently, there is no cure for this disease. Bartter syndrome is divided into five types based on the causative gene. Bartter syndrome type II results from genetic variants in the gene encoding the ROMK protein, which is expressed in the kidney and assists in regulating sodium, potassium, and water homeostasis. Prior work established that some disease-associated ROMK mutants misfold and are destroyed soon after their synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Because a growing number of drugs have been identified that correct defective protein folding, we wished to identify an expanded cohort of similarly misshapen and unstable disease-associated ROMK variants. To this end, we developed a pipeline that employs computational analyses of human genome databases with genetic and biochemical assays. Next, we both confirmed the identity of known variants and uncovered previously uncharacterized ROMK variants associated with Bartter syndrome type II. Further analyses indicated that select mutants are targeted for ER-associated degradation, while another mutant compromises ROMK function. This work sets-the-stage for continued mining for ROMK loss of function alleles as well as other potassium channels, and positions select Bartter syndrome mutations for correction using emerging pharmaceuticals.
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15
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Wang J, Han S, Ye J. Topological regulation of a transmembrane protein by luminal-to-cytosolic retrotranslocation of glycosylated sequence. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112311. [PMID: 36972171 PMCID: PMC10520219 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins must adopt proper topology to perform their functions. We previously demonstrated that ceramide regulates TM4SF20 (transmembrane 4 L6 family 20) by altering the topology of the transmembrane protein, but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Here we report that TM4SF20 is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with a cytosolic C terminus and a luminal loop before the last transmembrane helix where N132, N148, and N163 are glycosylated. In the absence of ceramide, the sequence surrounding glycosylated N163 but not N132 is retrotranslocated from lumen to cytosol independent of ER-associated degradation. Accompanying this retrotranslocation, the C terminus of the protein is relocated from cytosol to lumen. Ceramide delays the retrotranslocation process, causing accumulation of the protein that is originally synthesized. Our findings suggest that N-linked glycans, although synthesized in the lumens, may be exposed to cytosol through retrotranslocation, a reaction that may play a crucial role in topological regulation of transmembrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sungwon Han
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jin Ye
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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16
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Valimehr S, Sethi A, Shukla M, Bhattacharyya S, Kazemi M, Rouiller I. Molecular Mechanisms Driving and Regulating the AAA+ ATPase VCP/p97, an Important Therapeutic Target for Treating Cancer, Neurological and Infectious Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050737. [PMID: 37238606 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
p97/VCP, a highly conserved type II ATPase associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA+ ATPase), is an important therapeutic target in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. p97 performs a variety of functions in the cell and facilitates virus replication. It is a mechanochemical enzyme that generates mechanical force from ATP-binding and hydrolysis to perform several functions, including unfolding of protein substrates. Several dozens of cofactors/adaptors interact with p97 and define the multifunctionality of p97. This review presents the current understanding of the molecular mechanism of p97 during the ATPase cycle and its regulation by cofactors and small-molecule inhibitors. We compare detailed structural information obtained in different nucleotide states in the presence and absence of substrates and inhibitors. We also review how pathogenic gain-of-function mutations modify the conformational changes of p97 during the ATPase cycle. Overall, the review highlights how the mechanistic knowledge of p97 helps in designing pathway-specific modulators and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Valimehr
- Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Ian Holmes Imaging Centre, Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ashish Sethi
- Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Australian Nuclear Science Technology Organisation, The Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Manjari Shukla
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342030, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudipta Bhattacharyya
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342030, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mohsen Kazemi
- Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Isabelle Rouiller
- Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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17
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Jaffray EG, Tatham MH, Mojsa B, Liczmanska M, Rojas-Fernandez A, Yin Y, Ball G, Hay RT. The p97/VCP segregase is essential for arsenic-induced degradation of PML and PML-RARA. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202201027. [PMID: 36880596 PMCID: PMC10005898 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202201027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia is caused by expression of the oncogenic Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML)-Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha (RARA) fusion protein. Therapy with arsenic trioxide results in degradation of PML-RARA and PML and cures the disease. Modification of PML and PML-RARA with SUMO and ubiquitin precedes ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. To identify additional components of this pathway, we performed proteomics on PML bodies. This revealed that association of p97/VCP segregase with PML bodies is increased after arsenic treatment. Pharmacological inhibition of p97 altered the number, morphology, and size of PML bodies, accumulated SUMO and ubiquitin modified PML and blocked arsenic-induced degradation of PML-RARA and PML. p97 localized to PML bodies in response to arsenic, and siRNA-mediated depletion showed that p97 cofactors UFD1 and NPLOC4 were critical for PML degradation. Thus, the UFD1-NPLOC4-p97 segregase complex is required to extract poly-ubiquitinated, poly-SUMOylated PML from PML bodies, prior to degradation by the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellis G. Jaffray
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Michael H. Tatham
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Barbara Mojsa
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Magda Liczmanska
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Yili Yin
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Graeme Ball
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Ronald T. Hay
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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18
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Zhang TM, Liao L, Yang SY, Huang MY, Zhang YL, Deng L, Hu SY, Yang F, Zhang FL, Shao ZM, Li DQ. TOLLIP-mediated autophagic degradation pathway links the VCP-TMEM63A-DERL1 signaling axis to triple-negative breast cancer progression. Autophagy 2023; 19:805-821. [PMID: 35920704 PMCID: PMC9980475 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2103992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging breast cancer subtype to treat due to the lack of effective targeted therapies. Transmembrane (TMEM) proteins represent attractive drug targets for cancer therapy, but biological functions of most members of the TMEM family remain unknown. Here, we report for the first time that TMEM63A (transmembrane protein 63A), a poorly characterized TMEM protein with unknown functions in human cancer, functions as a novel oncogene to promote TNBC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that TMEM63A localizes in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosome membranes, and interacts with VCP (valosin-containing protein) and its cofactor DERL1 (derlin 1). Furthermore, TMEM63A undergoes autophagy receptor TOLLIP-mediated autophagic degradation and is stabilized by VCP through blocking its lysosomal degradation. Strikingly, TMEM63A in turn stabilizes oncoprotein DERL1 through preventing TOLLIP-mediated autophagic degradation. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of VCP by CB-5083 or knockdown of DERL1 partially abolishes the oncogenic effects of TMEM63A on TNBC progression both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these findings uncover a previously unknown functional and mechanistic role for TMEM63A in TNBC progression and provide a new clue for targeting TMEM63A-driven TNBC tumors by using a VCP inhibitor.Abbreviations: ATG16L1, autophagy related 16 like 1; ATG5, autophagy related 5; ATP5F1B/ATP5B, ATP synthase F1 subunit beta; Baf-A1, bafilomycin A1; CALCOCO2/NDP52, calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CANX, calnexin; DERL1, derlin 1; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ERAD, endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation; HSPA8, heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8; IP, immunoprecipitation; LAMP2A, lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; NBR1, NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; OPTN, optineurin; RT-qPCR, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR; SQSTM1/p62, sequestosome 1; TAX1BP1, Tax1 binding protein 1; TMEM63A, transmembrane protein 63A; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer; TOLLIP, toll interacting protein; VCP, valosin containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Mei Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China
| | - Li Liao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China
| | - Shao-Ying Yang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China
| | - Min-Ying Huang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China
| | - Yin-Ling Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Hu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China
| | - Fang-Lin Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China
| | - Zhi-Min Shao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai Yangpu, China.,Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, Yangpu, China
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19
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Saha I, Yuste-Checa P, Da Silva Padilha M, Guo Q, Körner R, Holthusen H, Trinkaus VA, Dudanova I, Fernández-Busnadiego R, Baumeister W, Sanders DW, Gautam S, Diamond MI, Hartl FU, Hipp MS. The AAA+ chaperone VCP disaggregates Tau fibrils and generates aggregate seeds in a cellular system. Nat Commun 2023; 14:560. [PMID: 36732333 PMCID: PMC9894937 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-like aggregates of the microtubule-associated protein Tau are associated with several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease. The existence of cellular machinery for the removal of such aggregates has remained unclear, as specialized disaggregase chaperones are thought to be absent in mammalian cells. Here we show in cell culture and in neurons that the hexameric ATPase valosin-containing protein (VCP) is recruited to ubiquitylated Tau fibrils, resulting in their efficient disaggregation. Aggregate clearance depends on the functional cooperation of VCP with heat shock 70 kDa protein (Hsp70) and the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery. While inhibition of VCP activity stabilizes large Tau aggregates, disaggregation by VCP generates seeding-active Tau species as byproduct. These findings identify VCP as a core component of the machinery for the removal of neurodegenerative disease aggregates and suggest that its activity can be associated with enhanced aggregate spreading in tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itika Saha
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Yuste-Checa
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Miguel Da Silva Padilha
- Molecular Neurodegeneration Group, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Molecules - Signaling - Development, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Center for Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Structural Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Roman Körner
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hauke Holthusen
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Victoria A Trinkaus
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Structural Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Irina Dudanova
- Molecular Neurodegeneration Group, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Molecules - Signaling - Development, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Center for Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.,Department of Structural Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Structural Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - David W Sanders
- Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, TX, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Saurabh Gautam
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, 55216, Ingelheim, Germany.,ViraTherapeutics GmbH, 6063, Rum, Austria
| | - Marc I Diamond
- Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, TX, USA
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany. .,Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
| | - Mark S Hipp
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. .,School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan, 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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20
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Kilgas S, Ramadan K. Inhibitors of the ATPase p97/VCP: From basic research to clinical applications. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:3-21. [PMID: 36640759 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis deficiencies underlie various cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are responsible for most of the protein degradation in mammalian cells and, therefore, represent attractive targets for cancer therapy and that of neurodegenerative diseases. The ATPase p97, also known as VCP, is a central component of the UPS that extracts and disassembles its substrates from various cellular locations and also regulates different steps in autophagy. Several UPS- and autophagy-targeting drugs are in clinical trials. In this review, we focus on the development of various p97 inhibitors, including the ATPase inhibitors CB-5083 and CB-5339, which reached clinical trials by demonstrating effective anti-tumor activity across various tumor models, providing an effective alternative to targeting protein degradation for cancer therapy. Here, we provide an overview of how different p97 inhibitors have evolved over time both as basic research tools and effective UPS-targeting cancer therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Kilgas
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Kristijan Ramadan
- Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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21
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Common Markers and Small Molecule Inhibitors in Golgi Studies. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2557:453-493. [PMID: 36512231 PMCID: PMC10178357 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2639-9_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, we provide a detailed guide for the application of commonly used small molecules to study Golgi structure and function in vitro. Furthermore, we have curated a concise, validated list of endomembrane markers typically used in downstream assays to examine the consequent effect on the Golgi via microscopy and western blot after drug treatment. This chapter will be useful for researchers beginning their foray into the field of intracellular trafficking and Golgi biology.
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22
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del Rio Oliva M, Basler M. Valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97) inhibition reduces viral clearance and induces toxicity associated with muscular damage. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1015. [PMID: 36456548 PMCID: PMC9715549 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97 has emerged as a central regulator of the ubiquitin-proteasome system by connecting ubiquitylation and degradation. The development of CB-5083, an ATPase D2-domain-selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of VCP/p97, allows targeting of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in human diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effect of CB-5083 on the immune response in mice by using the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) as an infection model. We demonstrate that LCMV infection increased the susceptibility to CB-5083 treatment in a CD8-independent manner. Administration of CB-5083 to mice reduced the cytotoxic T cell response and impaired viral clearance. Compared to uninfected cells, CB-5083 treatment enhanced the unfolded protein response in LCMV-infected cells. Administration of CB-5083 during the expansion of CD8+ T cells led to strong toxicity in mice within hours, which resulted in enhanced IL-6 levels in the serum and accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. Furthermore, we linked the observed toxicity to the specific formation of aggregates in the skeletal muscle tissue and the upregulation of both lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase in the serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta del Rio Oliva
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Basler
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany ,grid.469411.fBiotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
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23
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Wang X, Wen T, Miao H, Hu W, Lei M, Zhu Y. Discovery of a new class of valosine containing protein (VCP/P97) inhibitors for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 74:117050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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24
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Lehner MH, Walker J, Temcinaite K, Herlihy A, Taschner M, Berger AC, Corbett AH, Dirac Svejstrup AB, Svejstrup JQ. Yeast Smy2 and its human homologs GIGYF1 and -2 regulate Cdc48/VCP function during transcription stress. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111536. [PMID: 36288698 PMCID: PMC9638028 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The "last resort" pathway results in ubiquitylation and degradation of RNA polymerase II in response to transcription stress and is governed by factors such as Def1 in yeast. Here, we show that the SMY2 gene acts as a multi-copy suppressor of DEF1 deletion and functions at multiple steps of the last resort pathway. We also provide genetic and biochemical evidence from disparate cellular processes that Smy2 works more broadly as a hitherto overlooked regulator of Cdc48 function. Similarly, the Smy2 homologs GIGYF1 and -2 affect the transcription stress response in human cells and regulate the function of the Cdc48 homolog VCP/p97, presently being explored as a target for cancer therapy. Indeed, we show that the apoptosis-inducing effect of VCP inhibitors NMS-873 and CB-5083 is GIGYF1/2 dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Harreman Lehner
- Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Jane Walker
- Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kotryna Temcinaite
- Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Anna Herlihy
- Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Michael Taschner
- Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Adam C Berger
- Department of Biology, RRC 1021, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta 30322, GA, USA
| | - Anita H Corbett
- Department of Biology, RRC 1021, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta 30322, GA, USA
| | - A Barbara Dirac Svejstrup
- Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jesper Q Svejstrup
- Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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25
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Ghosh S, Mazumdar T, Xu W, Powell RT, Stephan C, Shen L, Shah PA, Pickering CR, Myers JN, Wang J, Frederick MJ, Johnson FM. Combined TRIP13 and Aurora Kinase Inhibition Induces Apoptosis in Human Papillomavirus-Driven Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4479-4493. [PMID: 35972731 PMCID: PMC9588713 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes >5% of cancers, but no therapies uniquely target HPV-driven cancers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We tested the cytotoxic effect of 864 drugs in 16 HPV-positive and 17 HPV-negative human squamous cancer cell lines. We confirmed apoptosis in vitro and in vivo using patient-derived xenografts. Mitotic pathway components were manipulated with drugs, knockdown, and overexpression. RESULTS Aurora kinase inhibitors were more effective in vitro and in vivo in HPV-positive than in HPV-negative models. We hypothesized that the mechanism of sensitivity involves retinoblastoma (Rb) expression because the viral oncoprotein E7 leads to Rb protein degradation, and basal Rb protein expression correlates with Aurora inhibition-induced apoptosis. Manipulating Rb directly, or by inducing E7 expression, altered cells' sensitivity to Aurora kinase inhibitors. Rb affects expression of the mitotic checkpoint genes MAD2L1 and BUB1B, which we found to be highly expressed in HPV-positive patient tumors. Knockdown of MAD2L1 or BUB1B reduced Aurora kinase inhibition-induced apoptosis, whereas depletion of the MAD2L1 regulator TRIP13 enhanced it. TRIP13 is a potentially druggable AAA-ATPase. Combining Aurora kinase inhibition with TRIP13 depletion led to extensive apoptosis in HPV-positive cancer cells but not in HPV-negative cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data support a model in which HPV-positive cancer cells maintain a balance of MAD2L1 and TRIP13 to allow mitotic exit and survival in the absence of Rb. Because it does not affect cells with intact Rb function, this novel combination may have a wide therapeutic window, enabling the effective treatment of Rb-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Ghosh
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Tuhina Mazumdar
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Reid T. Powell
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Clifford Stephan
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pooja A. Shah
- Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Curtis R. Pickering
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeffery N. Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Faye M. Johnson
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
- Corresponding author. Faye M. Johnson, M.D., PhD., Faculty, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Professor, Thoracic, Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, Box 432, Houston, TX 77030, phone 713-792-6363, fax 713-792-1220,
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26
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Wang Z, Li X, Qiu J, Li W, Li H, Weng Z, Li H. Modular Access to 2-(Trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyridines and Their Benzo Analogues through a Copper(I)-Catalyzed Radical Annulation. Org Lett 2022; 24:6292-6297. [PMID: 36005387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A mechanistically distinctive copper-catalyzed radical annulation to valuable 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines and their benzo analogues has been described for the first time. Notably, the newly developed complementary process allows the synthesis of 4- or 6-substituted target molecular entities as a single product, which was previously challenging to access by existing methods. The utility of this process is further demonstrated by the facile construction of four different ring systems, a gram-scale synthesis, and the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jie Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhiqiang Weng
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Material, Ocean College, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Huaifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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27
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Kim MJ, Lee SW, Dao PDQ, Cho CS. Synthesis of benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐
a
]indolo[1,2‐
c
]quinazolines from 2‐(2‐bromoaryl)indoles and 2‐methoxybenzimidazoles under recyclable magnetic MOF‐199 catalysis. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea
| | - Seong Weon Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea
| | - Pham Duy Quang Dao
- Department of Applied Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea
| | - Chan Sik Cho
- Department of Applied Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea
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28
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Compounds activating VCP D1 ATPase enhance both autophagic and proteasomal neurotoxic protein clearance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4146. [PMID: 35842429 PMCID: PMC9288506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31905-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the removal of aggregate-prone toxic proteins is a rational therapeutic strategy for a number of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Huntington's disease and various spinocerebellar ataxias. Ideally, such approaches should preferentially clear the mutant/misfolded species, while having minimal impact on the stability of wild-type/normally-folded proteins. Furthermore, activation of both ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome routes may be advantageous, as this would allow effective clearance of both monomeric and oligomeric species, the latter which are inaccessible to the proteasome. Here we find that compounds that activate the D1 ATPase activity of VCP/p97 fulfill these requirements. Such effects are seen with small molecule VCP activators like SMER28, which activate autophagosome biogenesis by enhancing interactions of PI3K complex components to increase PI(3)P production, and also accelerate VCP-dependent proteasomal clearance of such substrates. Thus, this mode of VCP activation may be a very attractive target for many neurodegenerative diseases.
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29
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Insights into the Structure and Function of the Pex1/Pex6 AAA-ATPase in Peroxisome Homeostasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132067. [PMID: 35805150 PMCID: PMC9265785 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The AAA-ATPases Pex1 and Pex6 are required for the formation and maintenance of peroxisomes, membrane-bound organelles that harbor enzymes for specialized metabolism. Together, Pex1 and Pex6 form a heterohexameric AAA-ATPase capable of unfolding substrate proteins via processive threading through a central pore. Here, we review the proposed roles for Pex1/Pex6 in peroxisome biogenesis and degradation, discussing how the unfolding of potential substrates contributes to peroxisome homeostasis. We also consider how advances in cryo-EM, computational structure prediction, and mechanisms of related ATPases are improving our understanding of how Pex1/Pex6 converts ATP hydrolysis into mechanical force. Since mutations in PEX1 and PEX6 cause the majority of known cases of peroxisome biogenesis disorders such as Zellweger syndrome, insights into Pex1/Pex6 structure and function are important for understanding peroxisomes in human health and disease.
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Latorre V, Geller R. Identification of Cytoplasmic Chaperone Networks Relevant for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:880394. [PMID: 35615506 PMCID: PMC9125393 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.880394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA viruses have limited coding capacity and must therefore successfully subvert cellular processes to facilitate their replication. A fundamental challenge faced by both viruses and their hosts is the ability to achieve the correct folding and assembly of their proteome while avoiding misfolding and aggregation. In cells, this process is facilitated by numerous chaperone systems together with a large number of co-chaperones. In this work, we set out to define the chaperones and co-chaperones involved in the replication of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Using an RNAi screen, we identify multiple members of cellular protein folding networks whose knockdown alters RSV replication. The reduced number of chaperones and co-chaperones identified in this work can facilitate the unmasking of specific chaperone subnetworks required for distinct steps of the RSV life cycle and identifies new potential targets for antiviral therapy. Indeed, we show that the pharmacological inhibition of one of the genes identified in the RNAi screen, valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97), can impede the replication of RSV by interfering with the infection cycle at multiple steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Latorre
- Viral Biology Group, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | - Ron Geller
- Viral Biology Group, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Spain
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Prophet SM, Naughton BS, Schlieker C. p97/UBXD1 Generate Ubiquitylated Proteins That Are Sequestered into Nuclear Envelope Herniations in Torsin-Deficient Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4627. [PMID: 35563018 PMCID: PMC9100061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
DYT1 dystonia is a debilitating neurological movement disorder that arises upon Torsin ATPase deficiency. Nuclear envelope (NE) blebs that contain FG-nucleoporins (FG-Nups) and K48-linked ubiquitin are the hallmark phenotype of Torsin manipulation across disease models of DYT1 dystonia. While the aberrant deposition of FG-Nups is caused by defective nuclear pore complex assembly, the source of K48-ubiquitylated proteins inside NE blebs is not known. Here, we demonstrate that the characteristic K48-ubiquitin accumulation inside blebs requires p97 activity. This activity is highly dependent on the p97 adaptor UBXD1. We show that p97 does not significantly depend on the Ufd1/Npl4 heterodimer to generate the K48-ubiquitylated proteins inside blebs, nor does inhibiting translation affect the ubiquitin sequestration in blebs. However, stimulating global ubiquitylation by heat shock greatly increases the amount of K48-ubiquitin sequestered inside blebs. These results suggest that blebs have an extraordinarily high capacity for sequestering ubiquitylated protein generated in a p97-dependent manner. The p97/UBXD1 axis is thus a major factor contributing to cellular DYT1 dystonia pathology and its modulation represents an unexplored potential for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Prophet
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (S.M.P.); (B.S.N.)
| | - Brigitte S. Naughton
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (S.M.P.); (B.S.N.)
| | - Christian Schlieker
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (S.M.P.); (B.S.N.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal uptake and subsequent spread of proteopathic seeds, such as αS (alpha-synuclein), Tau, and TDP-43, contribute to neurodegeneration. The cellular machinery participating in this process is poorly understood. One proteinopathy called multisystem proteinopathy (MSP) is associated with dominant mutations in Valosin Containing Protein (VCP). MSP patients have muscle and neuronal degeneration characterized by aggregate pathology that can include αS, Tau and TDP-43. METHODS We performed a fluorescent cell sorting based genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen in αS biosensors. αS and TDP-43 seeding activity under varied conditions was assessed using FRET/Flow biosensor cells or immunofluorescence for phosphorylated αS or TDP-43 in primary cultured neurons. We analyzed in vivo seeding activity by immunostaining for phosphorylated αS following intrastriatal injection of αS seeds in control or VCP disease mutation carrying mice. RESULTS One hundred fifty-four genes were identified as suppressors of αS seeding. One suppressor, VCP when chemically or genetically inhibited increased αS seeding in cells and neurons. This was not due to an increase in αS uptake or αS protein levels. MSP-VCP mutation expression increased αS seeding in cells and neurons. Intrastriatal injection of αS preformed fibrils (PFF) into VCP-MSP mutation carrying mice increased phospho αS expression as compared to control mice. Cells stably expressing fluorescently tagged TDP-43 C-terminal fragment FRET pairs (TDP-43 biosensors) generate FRET when seeded with TDP-43 PFF but not monomeric TDP-43. VCP inhibition or MSP-VCP mutant expression increases TDP-43 seeding in TDP-43 biosensors. Similarly, treatment of neurons with TDP-43 PFFs generates high molecular weight insoluble phosphorylated TDP-43 after 5 days. This TDP-43 seed dependent increase in phosphorlyated TDP-43 is further augmented in MSP-VCP mutant expressing neurons. CONCLUSION Using an unbiased screen, we identified the multifunctional AAA ATPase VCP as a suppressor of αS and TDP-43 aggregate seeding in cells and neurons. VCP facilitates the clearance of damaged lysosomes via lysophagy. We propose that VCP's surveillance of permeabilized endosomes may protect against the proteopathic spread of pathogenic protein aggregates. The spread of distinct aggregate species may dictate the pleiotropic phenotypes and pathologies in VCP associated MSP.
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Kobakhidze G, Sethi A, Valimehr S, Ralph SA, Rouiller I. The AAA+ ATPase p97 as a novel parasite and tuberculosis drug target. Trends Parasitol 2022; 38:572-590. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Johnson MA, Klickstein JA, Khanna R, Gou Y, Raman M. The Cure VCP Scientific Conference 2021: Molecular and clinical insights into neurodegeneration and myopathy linked to multisystem proteinopathy-1 (MSP-1). Neurobiol Dis 2022; 169:105722. [PMID: 35405261 PMCID: PMC9169230 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2021 VCP Scientific Conference took place virtually from September 9–10, 2021. This conference, planned and organized by the nonprofit patient advocacy group Cure VCP Disease, Inc. (https://www.curevcp.org), was the first VCP focused meeting since the 215th ENMC International Workshop VCP-related multi-system proteinopathy in 2016 (Evangelista et al., 2016). Mutations in VCP cause a complex and heterogenous disease termed inclusion body myopathy (IBM) with Paget’s disease of the bone (PDB) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (IBMPFD), or multisystem proteinopathy 1 (MSP-1) Kimonis (n.d.), Kovach et al. (2001), Kimonis et al. (2000). In addition, VCP mutations also cause other age-related neurodegenerative disorders including amyptrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinsonism, Charcot-Marie type II-B, vacuolar tauopathy among others (Korb et al., 2022). The objectives of this conference were as follows: (1) to provide a forum that facilitates sharing of published and unpublished information on physiological roles of p97/VCP, and on how mutations of VCP lead to diseases; (2) to bolster understanding of mechanisms involved in p97/VCP-relevant diseases and to enable identification of therapeutics to treat these conditions; (3) to identify gaps and barriers of further discoveries and translational research in the p97/VCP field; (4) to set a concrete basic and translational research agenda for future studies including crucial discussions on biomarker discoveries and patient longitudinal studies to facilitate near-term clinical trials; (5) to accelerate cross-disciplinary research collaborations among p97/VCP researchers; (6) to enable attendees to learn about new tools and reagents with the potential to facilitate p97/VCP research; (7) to assist trainees in propelling their research and to foster mentorship from leaders in the field; and (8) to promote diversity and inclusion of under-represented minorities in p97/VCP research as diversity is critically important for strong scientific research. Given the range of topics, the VCP Scientific Conference brought together over one hundred and forty individuals representing a diverse group of research scientists, trainees, medical practitioners, industry representatives, and patient advocates. Twenty-five institutions with individuals from thirteen countries attended this virtual meeting. In this report, we summarize the major topics presented at this conference by a range of experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Johnson
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jacob A Klickstein
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Richa Khanna
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yunzi Gou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Malavika Raman
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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Wang F, Li S, Houerbi N, Chou TF. Temporal proteomics reveal specific cell cycle oncoprotein downregulation by p97/VCP inhibition. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:517-529.e5. [PMID: 34847375 PMCID: PMC8934257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Targeting protein quality control (PQC) pathways using proteasome or p97/VCP inhibition can effectively treat blood tumors. However, in solid tumors, only p97/VCP inhibitors are effective. To probe this difference in efficacy, we tracked HCT116 colon cancer cells using temporal proteomics to define the cellular and molecular responses to proteasome and p97 inhibition. Proteins involved in general PQC pathways were similarly upregulated by both treatments, suggesting that the proteotoxic stress caused by inhibitors does not explain the differential therapeutic effectiveness. Unexpectedly, proteins specifically dysregulated by two p97 inhibitors are involved in cell cycle control. Indeed, eleven cell cycle proteins were downregulated by p97 inhibition but not by proteasome inhibition. Western blot analysis validated the degradation of cyclin D1 and Securin, which depends on proteasome but not on p97. Differing regulation of cell cycle proteins by p97 and the proteasome may, therefore, explain the therapeutic efficacy of p97 inhibitors in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Shan Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Nadia Houerbi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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Ye Z, Wang K, Chen L, Jin X, Chen H, Tang G, Yao SQ, Feng Z, Zhang CJ. A targeted covalent inhibitor of p97 with proteome-wide selectivity. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:982-989. [PMID: 35256959 PMCID: PMC8897041 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A resurging interest in targeted covalent inhibitors (TCIs) focus on compounds capable of irreversibly reacting with nucleophilic amino acids in a druggable target. p97 is an emerging protein target for cancer therapy, viral infections and neurodegenerative diseases. Extensive efforts were devoted to the development of p97 inhibitors. The most promising inhibitor of p97 was in phase 1 clinical trials, but failed due to the off-target-induced toxicity, suggesting the selective inhibitors of p97 are highly needed. We report herein a new type of TCIs (i.e., FL-18) that showed proteome-wide selectivity towards p97. Equipped with a Michael acceptor and a basic imidazole, FL-18 showed potent inhibition towards U87MG tumor cells, and in proteome-wide profiling, selectively modified endogenous p97 as confirmed by in situ fluorescence scanning, label-free quantitative proteomics and functional validations. FL-18 selectively modified cysteine residues located within the D2 ATP site of p97. This covalent labeling of cysteine residue in p97 was verified by LC‒MS/MS-based site-mapping and site-directed mutagenesis. Further structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies with FL-18 analogs were established. Collectively, FL-18 is the first known small-molecule TCI capable of covalent engagement of p97 with proteome-wide selectivity, thus providing a promising scaffold for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanghui Tang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhiqiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel.: +86 10 63165311, fax: +86 10 63017757.
| | - Chong-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel.: +86 10 63165311, fax: +86 10 63017757.
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Cheng C, Weiss L, Leinonen H, Shmara A, Yin HZ, Ton T, Do A, Lee J, Ta L, Mohanty E, Vargas J, Weiss J, Palczewski K, Kimonis V. VCP/p97 inhibitor CB-5083 modulates muscle pathology in a mouse model of VCP inclusion body myopathy. J Transl Med 2022; 20:21. [PMID: 34998409 PMCID: PMC8742393 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic gain of function variants in Valosin-containing protein (VCP) cause a unique disease characterized by inclusion body myopathy with early-onset Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (also known as Multisystem proteinopathy (MSP)). Previous studies in drosophila models of VCP disease indicate treatment with VCP inhibitors mitigates disease pathology. Earlier-generation VCP inhibitors display off-target effects and relatively low therapeutic potency. New generation of VCP inhibitors needs to be evaluated in a mouse model of VCP disease. In this study, we tested the safety and efficacy of a novel and potent VCP inhibitor, CB-5083 using VCP patient-derived myoblast cells and an animal model of VCP disease. METHODS First, we analyzed the effect of CB-5083 in patient-derived myoblasts on the typical disease autophagy and TDP-43 profile by Western blot. Next, we determined the maximum tolerated dosage of CB-5083 in mice and treated the 2-month-old VCPR155H/R155H mice for 5 months with 15 mg/kg CB-5083. We analyzed motor function monthly by Rotarod; and we assessed the end-point blood toxicology, and the muscle and brain pathology, including autophagy and TDP-43 profile, using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. We also treated 12-month-old VCPR155H/+ mice for 6 months and performed similar analysis. Finally, we assessed the potential side effects of CB-5083 on retinal function, using electroretinography in chronically treated VCPR155H/155H mice. RESULTS In vitro analyses using patient-derived myoblasts confirmed that CB-5083 can modulate expression of the proteins in the autophagy pathways. We found that chronic CB-5083 treatment is well tolerated in the homozygous mice harboring patient-specific VCP variant, R155H, and can ameliorate the muscle pathology characteristic of the disease. VCP-associated pathology biomarkers, such as elevated TDP-43 and p62 levels, were significantly reduced. Finally, to address the potential adverse effect of CB-5083 on visual function observed in a previous oncology clinical trial, we analyzed retinal function in mice treated with moderate doses of CB-5083 for 5 months and documented the absence of permanent ocular toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these findings suggest that long-term use of CB-5083 by moderate doses is safe and can improve VCP disease-associated muscle pathology. Our results provide translationally relevant evidence that VCP inhibitors could be beneficial in the treatment of VCP disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lan Weiss
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Henri Leinonen
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, and the Department of Ophthalmology, Center for Translational Vision Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alyaa Shmara
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Hong Z Yin
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Ton
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Annie Do
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Lee
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lac Ta
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Eshanee Mohanty
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jesse Vargas
- Cleave Therapeutics, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, and the Department of Ophthalmology, Center for Translational Vision Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Arulkumar M, Yang K, Wang N, Penislusshiyan S, Palvannan T, Ramalingam K, Chen F, Luo SH, Zhou YJ, Wang ZY. Synthesis of benzimidazole/triphenylamine-based compounds, evaluation of their bioactivities and an in silico study with receptor tyrosine kinases. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05073g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The antiproliferative activity of AL-1 against various cancer cells indicated the applicability of the BI-TPA-based compound as a potential multi-cancer inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Arulkumar
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Neng Wang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Sakayanathan Penislusshiyan
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thayumanavan Palvannan
- Laboratory of Bioprocess and Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthick Ramalingam
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Management and Treatment, School of Environment, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Fuming Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Management and Treatment, School of Environment, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shi-He Luo
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Zhou
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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Cheng KW, Li S, Wang F, Ruiz-Lopez NM, Houerbi N, Chou TF. Impacts of p97 on Proteome Changes in Human Cells during Coronaviral Replication. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112953. [PMID: 34831176 PMCID: PMC8616207 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronavirus (HCoV) similar to other viruses rely on host cell machinery for both replication and to spread. The p97/VCP ATPase is associated with diverse pathways that may favor HCoV replication. In this study, we assessed the role of p97 and associated host responses in human lung cell line H1299 after HCoV-229E or HCoV-OC43 infection. Inhibition of p97 function by small molecule inhibitors shows antiviral activity, particularly at early stages of the virus life cycle, during virus uncoating and viral RNA replication. Importantly, p97 activity inhibition protects human cells against HCoV-induced cytopathic effects. The p97 knockdown also inhibits viral production in infected cells. Unbiased quantitative proteomics analyses reveal that HCoV-OC43 infection resulted in proteome changes enriched in cellular senescence and DNA repair during virus replication. Further analysis of protein changes between infected cells with control and p97 shRNA identifies cell cycle pathways for both HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 infection. Together, our data indicate a role for the essential host protein p97 in supporting HCoV replication, suggesting that p97 is a therapeutic target to treat HCoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wen Cheng
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (F.W.); (N.M.R.-L.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence: (K.-W.C.); (T.-F.C.); Tel.: +1-626-395-6772 (T.-F.C.)
| | - Shan Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (F.W.); (N.M.R.-L.); (N.H.)
| | - Feng Wang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (F.W.); (N.M.R.-L.); (N.H.)
| | - Nallely M. Ruiz-Lopez
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (F.W.); (N.M.R.-L.); (N.H.)
| | - Nadia Houerbi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (F.W.); (N.M.R.-L.); (N.H.)
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (F.W.); (N.M.R.-L.); (N.H.)
- Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Correspondence: (K.-W.C.); (T.-F.C.); Tel.: +1-626-395-6772 (T.-F.C.)
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Pharmacological targeting of endoplasmic reticulum stress in disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 21:115-140. [PMID: 34702991 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leads to ER stress, resulting in activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that aims to restore protein homeostasis. However, the UPR also plays an important pathological role in many diseases, including metabolic disorders, cancer and neurological disorders. Over the last decade, significant effort has been invested in targeting signalling proteins involved in the UPR and an array of drug-like molecules is now available. However, these molecules have limitations, the understanding of which is crucial for their development into therapies. Here, we critically review the existing ER stress and UPR-directed drug-like molecules, highlighting both their value and their limitations.
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41
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The Biogenesis of Dengue Virus Replication Organelles Requires the ATPase Activity of Valosin-Containing Protein. Viruses 2021; 13:v13102092. [PMID: 34696522 PMCID: PMC8540793 DOI: 10.3390/v13102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The dengue virus (DENV) causes the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease worldwide. While its incidence is increasing in many countries, there is no approved antiviral therapy currently available. In infected cells, the DENV induces extensive morphological alterations of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to generate viral replication organelles (vRO), which include convoluted membranes (CM) and vesicle packets (VP) hosting viral RNA replication. The viral non-structural protein NS4B localizes to vROs and is absolutely required for viral replication through poorly defined mechanisms, which might involve cellular protein partners. Previous interactomic studies identified the ATPase valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a DENV NS4B-interacting host factor in infected cells. Using both pharmacological and dominant-negative inhibition approaches, we show, in this study, that VCP ATPase activity is required for efficient DENV replication. VCP associates with NS4B when expressed in the absence of other viral proteins while in infected cells, both proteins colocalize within large DENV-induced cytoplasmic structures previously demonstrated to be CMs. Consistently, VCP inhibition dramatically reduces the abundance of DENV CMs in infected cells. Most importantly, using a recently reported replication-independent plasmid-based vRO induction system, we show that de novo VP biogenesis is dependent on VCP ATPase activity. Overall, our data demonstrate that VCP ATPase activity is required for vRO morphogenesis and/or stability. Considering that VCP was shown to be required for the replication of other flaviviruses, our results argue that VCP is a pan-flaviviral host dependency factor. Given that new generation VCP-targeting drugs are currently evaluated in clinical trials for cancer treatment, VCP may constitute an attractive broad-spectrum antiviral target in drug repurposing approaches.
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42
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Huang B, Ginex T, Luque FJ, Jiang X, Gao P, Zhang J, Kang D, Daelemans D, De Clercq E, Pannecouque C, Zhan P, Liu X. Structure-Based Design and Discovery of Pyridyl-Bearing Fused Bicyclic HIV-1 Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Characterization, and Molecular Modeling Studies. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13604-13621. [PMID: 34496571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Two series of new pyridyl-bearing fused bicyclic analogues designed to target the dual-tolerant regions of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-binding pocket were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HIV activities. Several compounds, such as 6, 14, 15, 21, 30, and 33, were found to be potent inhibitors against the wild-type (WT) HIV-1 strain or multiple NNRTI-resistant strains at low nanomolar levels. Detailed structure-activity relationships were obtained by utilizing the variation of moieties within the corresponding pharmacophores. In vitro metabolic stability profiles and some drug-like properties of selected compounds were assessed, furnishing the preliminary structure-metabolic stability relationships. Furthermore, molecular modeling studies elucidated the binding modes of compounds 6, 15, 21, and 30 in the binding pocket of WT, E138K, K103N, or Y181C HIV-1 RTs. These promising compounds can be used as lead compounds and warrant further structural optimization to yield more active HIV-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshi Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Tiziana Ginex
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Torribera, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB) and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Javier Luque
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Torribera, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB) and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xiangyi Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ping Gao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Dongwei Kang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China.,China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, Herestraat 49 Postbus 1043 (09.A097), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, Herestraat 49 Postbus 1043 (09.A097), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Pannecouque
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, Herestraat 49 Postbus 1043 (09.A097), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China.,China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China.,China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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43
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Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP)/p97: A Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810177. [PMID: 34576340 PMCID: PMC8469696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, a member of the AAA+ ATPase family, is a molecular chaperone recruited to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by binding to membrane adapters (nuclear protein localization protein 4 (NPL4), p47 and ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domain-containing protein 1 (UBXD1)), where it is involved in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). However, VCP/p97 interacts with many cofactors to participate in different cellular processes that are critical for cancer cell survival and aggressiveness. Indeed, VCP/p97 is reported to be overexpressed in many cancer types and is considered a potential cancer biomarker and therapeutic target. This review summarizes the role of VCP/p97 in different cancers and the advances in the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors with therapeutic potential, focusing on the challenges associated with cancer-related VCP mutations in the mechanisms of resistance to inhibitors.
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44
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AAA+ ATPase p97/VCP mutants and inhibitor binding disrupt inter-domain coupling and subsequent allosteric activation. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101187. [PMID: 34520757 PMCID: PMC8517850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human AAA+ ATPase p97, also known as valosin-containing protein, a potential target for cancer therapeutics, plays a vital role in the clearing of misfolded proteins. p97 dysfunction is also known to play a crucial role in several neurodegenerative disorders, such as MultiSystem Proteinopathy 1 (MSP-1) and Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). However, the structural basis of its role in such diseases remains elusive. Here, we present cryo-EM structural analyses of four disease mutants p97R155H, p97R191Q, p97A232E, p97D592N, as well as p97E470D, implicated in resistance to the drug CB-5083, a potent p97 inhibitor. Our cryo-EM structures demonstrate that these mutations affect nucleotide-driven allosteric activation across the three principal p97 domains (N, D1, and D2) by predominantly interfering with either (1) the coupling between the D1 and N-terminal domains (p97R155H and p97R191Q), (2) the interprotomer interactions (p97A232E), or (3) the coupling between D1 and D2 nucleotide domains (p97D592N, p97E470D). We also show that binding of the competitive inhibitor, CB-5083, to the D2 domain prevents conformational changes similar to those seen for mutations that affect coupling between the D1 and D2 domains. Our studies enable tracing of the path of allosteric activation across p97 and establish a common mechanistic link between active site inhibition and defects in allosteric activation by disease-causing mutations and have potential implications for the design of novel allosteric compounds that can modulate p97 function.
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45
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Song F, Bian Y, Liu J, Li Z, Zhao L, Fang J, Lai Y, Zhou M. Indole Alkaloids, Synthetic Dimers and Hybrids with Potential In Vivo Anticancer Activity. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:377-403. [PMID: 32901583 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200908162311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Indole, a heterocyclic organic compound, is one of the most promising heterocycles found in natural and synthetic sources since its derivatives possess fascinating structural diversity and various therapeutic properties. Indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids could act on diverse targets in cancer cells, and consequently, possess potential antiproliferative effects on various cancers both in vitro and in vivo. Vinblastine, midostaurin, and anlotinib as the representative of indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids respectively, have already been clinically applied to treat many types of cancers, demonstrating indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids are useful scaffolds for the development of novel anticancer agents. Covering articles published between 2010 and 2020, this review emphasizes the recent development of indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids with potential in vivo therapeutic application for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Song
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Yunqiang Bian
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenghua Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Junman Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Yonghong Lai
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
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46
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Roux B, Vaganay C, Vargas JD, Alexe G, Benaksas C, Pardieu B, Fenouille N, Ellegast JM, Malolepsza E, Ling F, Sodaro G, Ross L, Pikman Y, Conway AS, Tang Y, Wu T, Anderson DJ, Le Moigne R, Zhou HJ, Luciano F, Hartigan CR, Galinsky I, DeAngelo DJ, Stone RM, Auberger P, Schenone M, Carr SA, Guirouilh-Barbat J, Lopez B, Khaled M, Lage K, Hermine O, Hemann MT, Puissant A, Stegmaier K, Benajiba L. Targeting acute myeloid leukemia dependency on VCP-mediated DNA repair through a selective second-generation small-molecule inhibitor. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/587/eabg1168. [PMID: 33790022 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development and survival of cancer cells require adaptive mechanisms to stress. Such adaptations can confer intrinsic vulnerabilities, enabling the selective targeting of cancer cells. Through a pooled in vivo short hairpin RNA (shRNA) screen, we identified the adenosine triphosphatase associated with diverse cellular activities (AAA-ATPase) valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a top stress-related vulnerability in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We established that AML was the most responsive disease to chemical inhibition of VCP across a panel of 16 cancer types. The sensitivity to VCP inhibition of human AML cell lines, primary patient samples, and syngeneic and xenograft mouse models of AML was validated using VCP-directed shRNAs, overexpression of a dominant-negative VCP mutant, and chemical inhibition. By combining mass spectrometry-based analysis of the VCP interactome and phospho-signaling studies, we determined that VCP is important for ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase activation and subsequent DNA repair through homologous recombination in AML. A second-generation VCP inhibitor, CB-5339, was then developed and characterized. Efficacy and safety of CB-5339 were validated in multiple AML models, including syngeneic and patient-derived xenograft murine models. We further demonstrated that combining DNA-damaging agents, such as anthracyclines, with CB-5339 treatment synergizes to impair leukemic growth in an MLL-AF9-driven AML murine model. These studies support the clinical testing of CB-5339 as a single agent or in combination with standard-of-care DNA-damaging chemotherapy for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Roux
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Camille Vaganay
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | | | - Gabriela Alexe
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chaima Benaksas
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Bryann Pardieu
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Nina Fenouille
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Jana M Ellegast
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Edyta Malolepsza
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Frank Ling
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Gaetano Sodaro
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Linda Ross
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yana Pikman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amy S Conway
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Tony Wu
- Cleave Therapeutics Inc., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA
| | | | | | - Han-Jie Zhou
- Cleave Therapeutics Inc., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA
| | | | - Christina R Hartigan
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ilene Galinsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel J DeAngelo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Richard M Stone
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Patrick Auberger
- C3M, INSERM U1065, Team Cell Death, Differentiation, Inflammation and Cancer, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Monica Schenone
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Josée Guirouilh-Barbat
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Bernard Lopez
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Khaled
- INSERM U1186, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Kasper Lage
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1163 and CNRS 8254, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker, APHP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Michael T Hemann
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alexandre Puissant
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. .,Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Lina Benajiba
- Université de Paris, INSERM U944 and CNRS UMR 7212, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Hôpital Saint Louis, APHP, 75010 Paris, France.
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47
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Zhang G, Li S, Cheng KW, Chou TF. AAA ATPases as therapeutic targets: Structure, functions, and small-molecule inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113446. [PMID: 33873056 PMCID: PMC8165034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activity (AAA ATPase) are essential enzymes found in all organisms. They are involved in various processes such as DNA replication, protein degradation, membrane fusion, microtubule serving, peroxisome biogenesis, signal transduction, and the regulation of gene expression. Due to the importance of AAA ATPases, several researchers identified and developed small-molecule inhibitors against these enzymes. We discuss six AAA ATPases that are potential drug targets and have well-developed inhibitors. We compare available structures that suggest significant differences of the ATP binding pockets among the AAA ATPases with or without ligand. The distances from ADP to the His20 in the His-Ser-His motif and the Arg finger (Arg353 or Arg378) in both RUVBL1/2 complex structures bound with or without ADP have significant differences, suggesting dramatically different interactions of the binding site with ADP. Taken together, the inhibitors of six well-studied AAA ATPases and their structural information suggest further development of specific AAA ATPase inhibitors due to difference in their structures. Future chemical biology coupled with proteomic approaches could be employed to develop variant specific, complex specific, and pathway specific inhibitors or activators for AAA ATPase proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, United States.
| | - Shan Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, United States
| | - Kai-Wen Cheng
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, United States
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, United States.
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48
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Sannino S, Yates ME, Schurdak ME, Oesterreich S, Lee AV, Wipf P, Brodsky JL. Unique integrated stress response sensors regulate cancer cell susceptibility when Hsp70 activity is compromised. eLife 2021; 10:64977. [PMID: 34180400 PMCID: PMC8275131 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones, such as Hsp70, prevent proteotoxicity and maintain homeostasis. This is perhaps most evident in cancer cells, which overexpress Hsp70 and thrive even when harboring high levels of misfolded proteins. To define the response to proteotoxic challenges, we examined adaptive responses in breast cancer cells in the presence of an Hsp70 inhibitor. We discovered that the cells bin into distinct classes based on inhibitor sensitivity. Strikingly, the most resistant cells have higher autophagy levels, and autophagy was maximally activated only in resistant cells upon Hsp70 inhibition. In turn, resistance to compromised Hsp70 function required the integrated stress response transducer, GCN2, which is commonly associated with amino acid starvation. In contrast, sensitive cells succumbed to Hsp70 inhibition by activating PERK. These data reveal an unexpected route through which breast cancer cells adapt to proteotoxic insults and position GCN2 and autophagy as complementary mechanisms to ensure survival when proteostasis is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sannino
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Megan E Yates
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee-Women Research Institute, Pittsburgh, United States.,Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Mark E Schurdak
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.,University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee-Women Research Institute, Pittsburgh, United States.,Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee-Women Research Institute, Pittsburgh, United States.,Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
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49
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Dao PDQ, Cho CS. Synthesis of Trinuclear Benzimidazole‐Fused Hybrid Scaffolds by Transition Metal‐Free Tandem C(sp
2
)−N Bond Formation under Microwave Irradiation. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pham Duy Quang Dao
- Department of Applied Chemistry Kyungpook National University 80 Daehakro, Bukgu Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Sik Cho
- Department of Applied Chemistry Kyungpook National University 80 Daehakro, Bukgu Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
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50
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Wang J, Chen Y, Huang C, Hao Q, Zeng SX, Omari S, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Lu H. Valosin-Containing Protein Stabilizes Mutant p53 to Promote Pancreatic Cancer Growth. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4041-4053. [PMID: 34099490 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 80% of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) harbor TP53 mutations, among which, R273H is the most frequent. Although p53-R273H is known to possess gain-of-function properties, how it is regulated in PDAC has not been extensively explored. Here we identify valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a regulator of p53-R273H by conducting immunoprecipitation-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. VCP bound p53-R273H at its DNA binding domain. Ectopic or endogenous VCP stabilized p53-R273H by binding to MDM2 and disrupting its association with mutant p53. Inhibition of VCP either by genetic depletion or the pharmacologic inhibitor CB-5083 increased ubiquitination and degradation of p53-R273H, leading to cell death. Consistently, ablation of VCP markedly retarded growth of cultured PDAC cells and xenograft PDAC tumors. Together, these results unveil VCP as a novel partner of p53-R273H in promoting PDAC growth and as a potential target for developing anti-PDAC therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a novel regulator of p53-R273H stability and suggest VCP as a potential target for development of pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yajie Chen
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Gynecological Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Hao
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Sara Omari
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Gynecological Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering Research Center, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
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