1
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Yang QQ, Zheng ZH, Wang M, Zhou J, Peng C, Du W, Zhan G, Han B. Ag-Catalyzed Switchable Synthesis of Site-Specifically Functionalized Pyrroles via Azafulvenium Intermediates. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38810217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Here, we present a versatile, silver-catalyzed multi-auto-tandem reaction involving enamines, alkynals, and nucleophiles, utilizing the highly reactive intermediate azafulvenium. This method allows for flexible and switchable regiodivergent reactions through either intermolecular or intramolecular nucleophilic attacks, which can be controlled by adjusting the catalytic conditions. A range of site-specific functionalized or polycyclic fused pyrrole products were efficiently produced with a high level of chemocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ze-Hong Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Wei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gu Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Bo Han
- School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
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2
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An Z, Miao M, Sun F, Lan XB, Yu JQ, Guo X, Zhang J. Copper-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of 2-(1 H-pyrrol-1-yl)aniline and alkylsilyl peroxides: a route to pyrrolo[1,2- a]quinoxalines. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2370-2374. [PMID: 38416487 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01934a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
An efficient method was developed for the one-pot construction of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines via a Cu(II)-catalyzed domino reaction between 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)anilines and alkylsilyl peroxides. This reaction proceeds through C-C bond cleavage and new C-C and C-N bond formation. A mechanistic study suggests that alkyl radical species participate in the cascade reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu An
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Man Miao
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Fengkai Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Lan
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
- Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Pham TX, Huynh TTX, Choi J, Lee JB, Park SC, Kim B, Lim YS, Hwang SB. SARS-CoV-2 exploits cellular RAD51 to promote viral propagation: implication of RAD51 inhibitor as a potential drug candidate against COVID-19. J Virol 2023; 97:e0173723. [PMID: 38051260 PMCID: PMC10734463 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01737-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Viruses are constantly evolving to promote propagation in the host. Here, we show that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) utilizes host RAD51 for replication. Silencing of RAD51 impaired SARS-CoV-2 propagation. Viral RNA colocalized with RAD51 in the cytoplasm of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, suggesting that both viral RNA and RAD51 may form a replication complex. We, therefore, evaluated RAD51 inhibitors as possible therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2. Indeed, RAD51 inhibitors exerted antiviral activities against not only Wuhan but also variants of SARS-CoV-2. Molecular docking model shows that RAD51 inhibitors impede SARS-CoV-2 propagation by interfering with dimerization of RAD51. These data suggest that RAD51 may represent a novel host-based drug target for coronavirus disease 2019 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy X. Pham
- Laboratory of RNA Viral Diseases, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Trang T. X. Huynh
- Laboratory of RNA Viral Diseases, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Bong Lee
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Seok-Chan Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sook Lim
- Laboratory of RNA Viral Diseases, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Soon B. Hwang
- Laboratory of RNA Viral Diseases, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Seoul, South Korea
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4
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Hatami M, Kouchak M, Kheirollah A, Khorsandi L, Rashidi M. Quercetin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles exhibit antitumor activity and suppress the proliferation of triple-negative MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells: implications for invasive breast cancer treatment. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9417-9430. [PMID: 37831347 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin (QC) is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in abundance in fruits and vegetables. Its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties have been previously demonstrated, but its low bioavailability hampers its clinical use. Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer with a poor response to chemotherapy. This study investigates the anti-cancer effects of quercetin-solid lipid nanoparticles (QC-SLN) on the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231. MATERIALS AND METHODS MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells were treated with 18.9 µM of QC and QC-SLN for 48 h. Cell viability, apoptosis, colony formation assay, and the anti-angiogenic effects of the treatment were evaluated. RESULTS QC-SLN displayed optimal properties (particle size of 154 nm, zeta potential of -27.7 mV, encapsulation efficiency of 99.6%, and drug loading of 1.81%) and exhibited sustained release of QC over 72 h. Compared to the QC group, the QC-SLN group showed a significant decrease in cell viability, colony formation, angiogenesis, and a substantial increase in apoptosis through the modulation of Bax and Bcl-2 at both gene and protein levels. The augmentation in the proportion of cleaved-to-pro caspases 3 and 9, as well as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), under the influence of QC-SLN, was conspicuously observed in both cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS This study showcases quercetin-solid lipid nanoparticles (QC-SLN) as a promising therapy for triple-negative breast cancer. The optimized QC-SLN formulation improved physicochemical properties and sustained quercetin release, resulting in reduced cell viability, colony formation, angiogenesis, and increased apoptosis in the MDA-MB231 cell line. These effects were driven by modulating Bax and Bcl-2 expression, activating caspases 3 and 9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm QC-SLN's efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hatami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kouchak
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kheirollah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rashidi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institution, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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5
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Damai M, Guzzardi N, Lewis V, Rao ZX, Sykes D, Patel B. Crafting mono- and novel bis-methylated pyrroloquinoxaline derivatives from a shared precursor and its application in the total synthesis of marinoquinoline A. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29561-29567. [PMID: 37822662 PMCID: PMC10562898 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of mono- and novel bis-methylated pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines through the addition of unstable methyl radicals to aryl isocyanides is described contingent upon the reaction conditions employed. The strategy has been effectively employed in the total synthesis of the natural product marinoquinoline A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Damai
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - Norman Guzzardi
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - Viliyana Lewis
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - Zenobia X Rao
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - Daniel Sykes
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
| | - Bhaven Patel
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK
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6
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Hawks AL, Bergmann A, McCraw TJ, Mason JM. UBC13-mediated template switching promotes replication stress resistance in FBH1-deficient cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.04.556280. [PMID: 37732269 PMCID: PMC10508767 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.04.556280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The proper resolution of DNA damage during replication is essential for genome stability. FBH1, a UvrD, helicase plays crucial roles in the DNA damage response. FBH1 promotes double strand break formation and signaling in response to prolonged replication stress to initiate apoptosis. Human FBH1 regulates RAD51 to inhibit homologous recombination. A previous study suggested that mis-regulation of RAD51 may contribute to replication stress resistance in FBH1-deficient cells, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we provide direct evidence that RAD51 promotes replication stress resistance in FBH1-deficient cells. We demonstrate inhibition of RAD51 using the small molecule, B02, partially rescues double strand break signaling in FBH1-deficient cells. We show that inhibition of only the strand exchange activity of RAD51 rescues double strand break signaling in FBH1 knockout cells. Finally, we show that depletion of UBC13, a E2 protein that promotes RAD51-dependent template switching, rescues double strand break formation and signaling sensitizing FBH1-deficient cells to replication stress. Our results suggest FBH1 regulates template switching to promote replication stress sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L. Hawks
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson University
| | - Amy Bergmann
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson University
| | - Tyler J. McCraw
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson University
| | - Jennifer M. Mason
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson University
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7
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Li Q, Qian W, Zhang Y, Hu L, Chen S, Xia Y. A new wave of innovations within the DNA damage response. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:338. [PMID: 37679326 PMCID: PMC10485079 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome instability has been identified as one of the enabling hallmarks in cancer. DNA damage response (DDR) network is responsible for maintenance of genome integrity in cells. As cancer cells frequently carry DDR gene deficiencies or suffer from replicative stress, targeting DDR processes could induce excessive DNA damages (or unrepaired DNA) that eventually lead to cell death. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have brought impressive benefit to patients with breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutation or homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), which proves the concept of synthetic lethality in cancer treatment. Moreover, the other two scenarios of DDR inhibitor application, replication stress and combination with chemo- or radio- therapy, are under active clinical exploration. In this review, we revisited the progress of DDR targeting therapy beyond the launched first-generation PARP inhibitors. Next generation PARP1 selective inhibitors, which could maintain the efficacy while mitigating side effects, may diversify the application scenarios of PARP inhibitor in clinic. Albeit with unavoidable on-mechanism toxicities, several small molecules targeting DNA damage checkpoints (gatekeepers) have shown great promise in preliminary clinical results, which may warrant further evaluations. In addition, inhibitors for other DNA repair pathways (caretakers) are also under active preclinical or clinical development. With these progresses and efforts, we envision that a new wave of innovations within DDR has come of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyuan Qian
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhui Chen
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanfeng Xia
- Domestic Discovery Service Unit, WuXi AppTec, 200131, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Demeyer A, Fonteneau L, Liennard M, Foyer C, Weigel P, Laurent A, Lebreton J, Fleury F, Mathé-Allainmat M. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of DIDS Analogues as Efficient Inhibitors of RAD51 Involved in Homologous Recombination. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 87:129261. [PMID: 36990245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
RAD51 is a pivotal protein of the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway, and is overexpressed in some cancer cells, disrupting then the efficiency of cancer-treatments. The development of RAD51 inhibitors appears as a promising solution to restore these cancer cells sensitization to radio- or chemotherapy. From a small molecule identified as a modulator of RAD51, the 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS), two series of analogues with small or bulky substituents on the aromatic parts of the stilbene moiety were prepared for a structure-activity relationship study. Three compounds, the cyano analogue (12), and benzamide (23) or phenylcarbamate (29) analogues of DIDS were characterized as novel potent RAD51 inhibitors with HR inhibition in the micromolar range.
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9
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Gorle S, V.N. CS, L. VR, K. RR, Akula R. Glucose as an eco-friendly reducing agent for a one-pot multicomponent synthesis of quinoxalines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2023.2176237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simhachalam Gorle
- Technology Development Centre, APSL, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Chemistry, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar V.N.
- Technology Development Centre, APSL, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Chemistry, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Vaikunta Rao L.
- Department of Chemistry, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Raghavendra Rao K.
- Technology Development Centre, APSL, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - Raghunadh Akula
- Technology Development Centre, APSL, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, India
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10
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Samanta SK, Sarkar R, Sengupta U, Das S, Ganguly D, Hasija A, Chopra D, Bera MK. A direct entry to polycyclic quinoxaline derivatives via I 2-DMSO mediated oxidative decarboxylation of α-amino acids and the subsequent Pictet-Spengler cyclization reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4650-4658. [PMID: 35612282 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00503d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A facile and highly efficient iodine-promoted strategy has been delineated for the synthesis of indolo and pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline derivatives via an oxidative Pictet-Spengler type amino cyclo-annulation reaction using ∝-amino acids as aldehyde surrogates. The concomitant benzylic oxidation and the compatibility of different starting materials under standard conditions made the current method versatile. The salient features of the protocol such as readily available starting materials, inexpensive promoters, environmental benignity, broad substrate scope, scalability, and good to excellent yield make the method more attractive to practitioners of organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Kanta Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST), Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, WB, India.
| | - Rumpa Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST), Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, WB, India.
| | - Utsav Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST), Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, WB, India.
| | - Sayan Das
- Centre for Health Science and Technology, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India
| | - Debabani Ganguly
- Centre for Health Science and Technology, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India
| | - Avantika Hasija
- Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Mrinal K Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST), Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, WB, India.
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11
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Long Y, Wang Y, Chen YY, Han WY, Wan NW, Yuan WC, Chen YZ, Cui BD. Copper-Catalyzed [5 + 1] Cyclization of o-Pyrrolo Anilines and Heterocyclic N-Tosylhydrazones for Access to Spiro-dihydropyrrolo[1,2- a]quinoxaline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4112-4123. [PMID: 35258307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An inexpensive copper-catalyzed sequential reaction process, proceeding via a nucleophilic attack of amine to Cu-carbene generated in situ from heterocyclic N-tosylhydrazone precursors followed by a 1,2-H shift/oxidative cyclization cascade of N-ylides, has been described, smoothly generating the corresponding structurally various spiro-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline derivatives. Furthermore, the significance of this protocol can be also highlighted by its diverse conversions of the synthetic compounds to the potentially bioactive molecules such as the 2-substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yue-You Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Nan-Wei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Bao-Dong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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12
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Saini KM, Saunthwal RK, Kumar A, Verma AK. Tandem 6π-Azatriene Electrocyclization of Fused Amino-cyclopentenones: Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrrolo- and Indolo-quinoxalines. Org Lett 2021; 23:7586-7591. [PMID: 34543027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A tandem 6π-azacyclization approach for the synthesis of diversified pyrrolo/indolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines from amino-cyclopentenones has been developed. The reaction proceeds through a trifluoroacetic-acid-mediated 6π-electrocyclization and concomitant opening of the cyclopentenone ring. The advantageous features of the developed chemistry include transition-metal-free conditions, operational simplicity, and a broad substrate scope. Further X-ray crystallographic studies confirm the assigned structures of the fused heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Mohan Saini
- Kalindi College, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110008, India
| | - Rakesh K Saunthwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign 61801, United States
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Akhilesh K Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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13
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Hernández‐Ruiz R, Rubio‐Presa R, Suárez‐Pantiga S, Pedrosa MR, Fernández‐Rodríguez MA, Tapia MJ, Sanz R. Mo-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of N-Polyheterocycles from Nitroarenes and Glycols with Recycling of the Waste Reduction Byproduct. Substituent-Tuned Photophysical Properties. Chemistry 2021; 27:13613-13623. [PMID: 34288167 PMCID: PMC8518888 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic domino reduction-imine formation-intramolecular cyclization-oxidation for the general synthesis of a wide variety of biologically relevant N-polyheterocycles, such as quinoxaline- and quinoline-fused derivatives, and phenanthridines, is reported. A simple, easily available, and environmentally friendly dioxomolybdenum(VI) complex has proven to be a highly efficient and versatile catalyst for transforming a broad range of starting nitroarenes involving several redox processes. Not only is this a sustainable, step-economical as well as air- and moisture-tolerant method, but also it is worth highlighting that the waste byproduct generated in the first step of the sequence is recycled and incorporated in the final target molecule, improving the overall synthetic efficiency. Moreover, selected indoloquinoxalines have been photophysically characterized in cyclohexane and toluene with exceptional fluorescence quantum yields above 0.7 for the alkyl derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Hernández‐Ruiz
- Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de BurgosPza. Misael Bañuelos s/n09001-BurgosSpain
| | - Rubén Rubio‐Presa
- Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de BurgosPza. Misael Bañuelos s/n09001-BurgosSpain
| | - Samuel Suárez‐Pantiga
- Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de BurgosPza. Misael Bañuelos s/n09001-BurgosSpain
| | - María R. Pedrosa
- Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de BurgosPza. Misael Bañuelos s/n09001-BurgosSpain
| | - Manuel A. Fernández‐Rodríguez
- Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de BurgosPza. Misael Bañuelos s/n09001-BurgosSpain
- Current address: Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química InorgánicaCampus Científico-TecnológicoFacultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de AlcaláAutovía A-II, Km 33.128805-Alcalá de HenaresMadridSpain
| | - M. José Tapia
- Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de BurgosPza. Misael Bañuelos s/n09001-BurgosSpain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de BurgosPza. Misael Bañuelos s/n09001-BurgosSpain
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14
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VE-822, a novel DNA Holliday junction stabilizer, inhibits homologous recombination repair and triggers DNA damage response in osteogenic sarcomas. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114767. [PMID: 34537248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Homologous recombination repair (HRR) is crucial for genomic stability of cancer cells and is an attractive target in cancer therapy. Holliday junction (HJ) is a four-way DNA intermediate that performs an essential role in homology-directed repair. However, few studies about regulatory mechanisms of HJs have been reported. In this study, to better understand the biological effects of HJs, VE-822 was identified as an effective DNA HJ stabilizer to promote the assembly of HJs both in vitro and in cells. This compound could inhibit the HRR level, activate DNA-PKCS to trigger DNA damage response (DDR) and induce telomeric DNA damage via stabilizing DNA HJs. Furthermore, VE-822 was demonstrated to sensitize the osteosarcoma cells to doxorubicin (Dox) by enhancing DNA damage and cellular apoptosis. This work thus reports one novel HJ stabilizer, and provide a potential anticancer strategy through the modulation of DNA HJs.
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15
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Malka MM, Eberle J, Niedermayer K, Zlotos DP, Wiesmüller L. Dual PARP and RAD51 Inhibitory Drug Conjugates Show Synergistic and Selective Effects on Breast Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070981. [PMID: 34356606 PMCID: PMC8301877 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic principle of synthetic lethality has most successfully been exploited in therapies engaging Poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP) inhibitors to treat patients with homologous recombination (HR)-defective tumors. In this work, we went a step further following the idea of a local molecular cooperation and designed hybrid compounds M1–M3. The drug conjugates M1–M3 combine Olaparib, the first PARP inhibitor approved for clinical use, with Cpd 1, an inhibitor of RAD51 that blocks its HR functions and yet permits RAD51 nucleoprotein filament formation on single-stranded DNA. While in M2 and M3, the parental drugs are linked by -CO-(CH2)n-CO-spacers (n = 2 and 4, respectively), they are directly merged omitting the piperazine ring of Olaparib in M1. Monitoring anti-survival effects of M1–M3 in six breast cancer cell lines of different molecular subtypes showed that in each cell line, at least one of the drug conjugates decreased viability by one to two orders of magnitude compared with parental drugs. While triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells with frequent BRCA1 pathway dysfunction were sensitive to spacer-linked hybrid compounds M1 and M2 regardless of their HR capacities, non-TNBC cells were responsive to the merged drug conjugate M1 only, suggesting different spatial requirements for dual inhibition in these two groups of cell lines. These results demonstrate that, depending on chemical linkage, dual PARP1-RAD51 inhibitory drugs can either sensitize non-TNBC and re-sensitize TNBC cells, or discriminate between these groups of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthews M. Malka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, Main Entrance of Al Tagamoa Al Khames, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Julia Eberle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.E.); (K.N.)
| | - Kathrin Niedermayer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.E.); (K.N.)
| | - Darius P. Zlotos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, Main Entrance of Al Tagamoa Al Khames, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (D.P.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Lisa Wiesmüller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (J.E.); (K.N.)
- Correspondence: (D.P.Z.); (L.W.)
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16
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Nguyen TT, Phan NTS, Ho TH, Phan NTA, Ho TTC, Tran DLM. Elemental Sulfur Mediated Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines from 1-(2-Nitroaryl)pyrroles. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1534-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMethods to afford pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines often require the use of prefunctionalized aniline precursors, transition metals, and/or harsh conditions. Herein we describe a simple coupling of 1-(2-nitroaryl)pyrroles and arylacetic acids, in the presence of elemental sulfur, to furnish the fused heterocycles in good yields. The conditions are compatible with many functionalities including ester, nitrile, halogen, and nitro groups. Use of benzyl alcohols and picoline coupling reagents was also attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung T. Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT)
- Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
| | - Nam T. S. Phan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT)
- Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
| | - Tuan H. Ho
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT)
- Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
| | - Nhu T. A. Phan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT)
- Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
| | - Thuyen T. C. Ho
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT)
- Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
| | - Duyen L. M. Tran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT)
- Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City
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17
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Mandal S, Pramanik A. Three-Component Synthesis of Pyrrolo/indolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines Substituted with o-Biphenylester/N-arylcarbamate/N-arylurea: A Domino Approach Involving Spirocyclic Ring Opening. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5047-5064. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhro Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Animesh Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
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18
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Scott DE, Francis-Newton NJ, Marsh ME, Coyne AG, Fischer G, Moschetti T, Bayly AR, Sharpe TD, Haas KT, Barber L, Valenzano CR, Srinivasan R, Huggins DJ, Lee M, Emery A, Hardwick B, Ehebauer M, Dagostin C, Esposito A, Pellegrini L, Perrior T, McKenzie G, Blundell TL, Hyvönen M, Skidmore J, Venkitaraman AR, Abell C. A small-molecule inhibitor of the BRCA2-RAD51 interaction modulates RAD51 assembly and potentiates DNA damage-induced cell death. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:835-847.e5. [PMID: 33662256 PMCID: PMC8219027 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BRCA2 controls RAD51 recombinase during homologous DNA recombination (HDR) through eight evolutionarily conserved BRC repeats, which individually engage RAD51 via the motif Phe-x-x-Ala. Using structure-guided molecular design, templated on a monomeric thermostable chimera between human RAD51 and archaeal RadA, we identify CAM833, a 529 Da orthosteric inhibitor of RAD51:BRC with a Kd of 366 nM. The quinoline of CAM833 occupies a hotspot, the Phe-binding pocket on RAD51 and the methyl of the substituted α-methylbenzyl group occupies the Ala-binding pocket. In cells, CAM833 diminishes formation of damage-induced RAD51 nuclear foci; inhibits RAD51 molecular clustering, suppressing extended RAD51 filament assembly; potentiates cytotoxicity by ionizing radiation, augmenting 4N cell-cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death and works with poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP)1 inhibitors to suppress growth in BRCA2-wildtype cells. Thus, chemical inhibition of the protein-protein interaction between BRCA2 and RAD51 disrupts HDR and potentiates DNA damage-induced cell death, with implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan E Scott
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Nicola J Francis-Newton
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - May E Marsh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Anthony G Coyne
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Gerhard Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Tommaso Moschetti
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Andrew R Bayly
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Timothy D Sharpe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Kalina T Haas
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Lorraine Barber
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Chiara R Valenzano
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Rajavel Srinivasan
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - David J Huggins
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK; Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Miyoung Lee
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Amy Emery
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Bryn Hardwick
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Matthias Ehebauer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Claudio Dagostin
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Alessandro Esposito
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Luca Pellegrini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Trevor Perrior
- Excellium Consulting, Brook Farm Barn, Lackford, Bury St Edmunds IP28 6HL, UK
| | - Grahame McKenzie
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Tom L Blundell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
| | - John Skidmore
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Ashok R Venkitaraman
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK.
| | - Chris Abell
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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19
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Nickoloff JA, Taylor L, Sharma N, Kato TA. Exploiting DNA repair pathways for tumor sensitization, mitigation of resistance, and normal tissue protection in radiotherapy. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:244-263. [PMID: 34337349 PMCID: PMC8323830 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
More than half of cancer patients are treated with radiotherapy, which kills tumor cells by directly and indirectly inducing DNA damage, including cytotoxic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Tumor cells respond to these threats by activating a complex signaling network termed the DNA damage response (DDR). The DDR arrests the cell cycle, upregulates DNA repair, and triggers apoptosis when damage is excessive. The DDR signaling and DNA repair pathways are fertile terrain for therapeutic intervention. This review highlights strategies to improve therapeutic gain by targeting DDR and DNA repair pathways to radiosensitize tumor cells, overcome intrinsic and acquired tumor radioresistance, and protect normal tissue. Many biological and environmental factors determine tumor and normal cell responses to ionizing radiation and genotoxic chemotherapeutics. These include cell type and cell cycle phase distribution; tissue/tumor microenvironment and oxygen levels; DNA damage load and quality; DNA repair capacity; and susceptibility to apoptosis or other active or passive cell death pathways. We provide an overview of radiobiological parameters associated with X-ray, proton, and carbon ion radiotherapy; DNA repair and DNA damage signaling pathways; and other factors that regulate tumor and normal cell responses to radiation. We then focus on recent studies exploiting DSB repair pathways to enhance radiotherapy therapeutic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jac A. Nickoloff
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Correspondence Address: Dr. Jac A. Nickoloff, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, 1681 Campus Delivery, Ft. Collins, CO 80523-1681, USA. E-mail:
| | - Lynn Taylor
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Takamitsu A. Kato
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA
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20
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Nan J, Ma Q, Yin J, Liang C, Tian L, Ma Y. RhIII-Catalyzed formal [5 + 1] cyclization of 2-pyrrolyl/indolylanilines using vinylene carbonate as a C1 synthon. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A rhodium(iii)-catalyzed formal C–H [5 + 1] cyclization of 2-pyrrolyl/indolylanilines with vinylene carbonate has been explored towards the potent assembly of diverse 4-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Nan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Jiacheng Yin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Lei Tian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Yangmin Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
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21
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Myers S, Ortega JA, Cavalli A. Synthetic Lethality through the Lens of Medicinal Chemistry. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14151-14183. [PMID: 33135887 PMCID: PMC8015234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Personalized medicine and therapies represent the goal of modern medicine, as drug discovery strives to move away from one-cure-for-all and makes use of the various targets and biomarkers within differing disease areas. This approach, especially in oncology, is often undermined when the cells make use of alternative survival pathways. As such, acquired resistance is unfortunately common. In order to combat this phenomenon, synthetic lethality is being investigated, making use of existing genetic fragilities within the cancer cell. This Perspective highlights exciting targets within synthetic lethality, (PARP, ATR, ATM, DNA-PKcs, WEE1, CDK12, RAD51, RAD52, and PD-1) and discusses the medicinal chemistry programs being used to interrogate them, the challenges these programs face, and what the future holds for this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel
H. Myers
- Computational
& Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Jose Antonio Ortega
- Computational
& Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational
& Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University
of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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22
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Grundy MK, Buckanovich RJ, Bernstein KA. Regulation and pharmacological targeting of RAD51 in cancer. NAR Cancer 2020; 2:zcaa024. [PMID: 33015624 PMCID: PMC7520849 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of homologous recombination (HR) is central for cancer prevention. However, too little HR can increase cancer incidence, whereas too much HR can drive cancer resistance to therapy. Importantly, therapeutics targeting HR deficiency have demonstrated a profound efficacy in the clinic improving patient outcomes, particularly for breast and ovarian cancer. RAD51 is central to DNA damage repair in the HR pathway. As such, understanding the function and regulation of RAD51 is essential for cancer biology. This review will focus on the role of RAD51 in cancer and beyond and how modulation of its function can be exploited as a cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKenzie K Grundy
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ronald J Buckanovich
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kara A Bernstein
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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23
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Route to pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines via a furan ring opening-pyrrole ring closure sequence. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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24
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Patil BN, Lade JJ, Pardeshi SD, Patil P, Chaskar AC. Polyethylene‐Glycol‐ (PEG‐400) Mediated Environmentally Benign Protocol for the Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxalines from Benzyl Amines at Room Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhausaheb N. Patil
- National Centre for Nanosciences and NanotechnologyUniversity of Mumbai, VidyanagariKalina Campus, Santacruz (East) Mumbai- 400098, Maharashtra India
| | - Jatin J. Lade
- National Centre for Nanosciences and NanotechnologyUniversity of Mumbai, VidyanagariKalina Campus, Santacruz (East) Mumbai- 400098, Maharashtra India
| | - Sachin D. Pardeshi
- National Centre for Nanosciences and NanotechnologyUniversity of Mumbai, VidyanagariKalina Campus, Santacruz (East) Mumbai- 400098, Maharashtra India
| | - Prashant Patil
- VERT Chemmie, Naupada, Thane (W) 400602 Maharashtra India
| | - Atul C. Chaskar
- National Centre for Nanosciences and NanotechnologyUniversity of Mumbai, VidyanagariKalina Campus, Santacruz (East) Mumbai- 400098, Maharashtra India
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25
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Gourley C, Balmaña J, Ledermann JA, Serra V, Dent R, Loibl S, Pujade-Lauraine E, Boulton SJ. Moving From Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibition to Targeting DNA Repair and DNA Damage Response in Cancer Therapy. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:2257-2269. [PMID: 31050911 DOI: 10.1200/jco.18.02050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) pathway coordinates the identification, signaling, and repair of DNA damage caused by endogenous or exogenous factors and regulates cell-cycle progression with DNA repair to minimize DNA damage being permanently passed through cell division. Severe DNA damage that cannot be repaired may trigger apoptosis; as such, the DDR pathway is of crucial importance as a cancer target. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is the best-known element of the DDR, and several PARP inhibitors have been licensed. However, there are approximately 450 proteins involved in DDR, and a number of these other targets are being investigated in the laboratory and clinic. We review the most recent evidence for the clinical effect of PARP inhibition in breast and ovarian cancer and explore expansion into the first-line setting and into other tumor types. We critique the evidence for patient selection techniques and summarize what is known about mechanisms of PARP inhibitor resistance. We then discuss what is known about the preclinical rationale for targeting other members of the DDR pathway and the associated tumor cell genetics that may confer sensitivity to these agents. Examples include DNA damage sensors (MLH1), damage signaling molecules (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated; ataxia-telangiectasia mutated-related and Rad3-related; CHK1/2; DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit; WEE1; CDC7), or effector proteins for repair (POLQ [also referred to as POLθ], RAD51, poly [ADP-ribose] glycohydrolase). Early-phase clinical trials targeting some of these molecules, either as a single agent or in combination, are discussed. Finally, we outline the challenges that must be addressed to maximize the therapeutic opportunity that targeting DDR provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Gourley
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Violeta Serra
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebecca Dent
- National Cancer Center and Duke - NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Simon J Boulton
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Artios Pharma, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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26
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Niazvand F, Orazizadeh M, Khorsandi L, Abbaspour M, Mansouri E, Khodadadi A. Effects of Quercetin-Loaded Nanoparticles on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55040114. [PMID: 31013662 PMCID: PMC6524048 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Previous studies have shown anti-tumor activity of quercetin (QT). However, the low bioavailability of QT has restricted its use. This study aimed to assess the toxic effect of QT encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles (QT-SLNs) on the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: MCF-7 and MCF-10A (non-tumorigenic cell line) cell lines treated with 25 µmol/mL of QT or QT-SLNs for 48 h. Cell viability, colony formation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were evaluated to determine the toxic effects of the QT-SLNs. Results: The QT-SLNs with appropriate characteristics (particle size of 85.5 nm, a zeta potential of −22.5 and encapsulation efficiency of 97.6%) were prepared. The QT-SLNs showed sustained QT release until 48 h. Cytotoxicity assessments indicated that QT-SLNs inhibited MCF-7 cells growth with a low IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) value, compared to the free QT. QT-SLNs induced a significant decrease in the viability and proliferation of MCF-7 cells, compared to the free QT. QT-SLN significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and MDA contents and significantly decreased antioxidant enzyme activity in the MCF-7 cells. Following QT-SLNs treatment, the expression of the Bcl-2 protein significantly decreased, whereas Bx expression showed a significant increase in comparison with free QT-treated cells. Furthermore, The QT-SLNs significantly increased apoptotic and necrotic indexes in MCF-7 cells. Viability, proliferation, oxidative stress and apoptosis of MCF-10A cells were not affected by QT or QT-SLNs. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, SLN significantly enhanced the toxic effect of QT against human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Niazvand
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Abbaspour
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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27
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Budke B, Tueckmantel W, Miles K, Kozikowski AP, Connell PP. Optimization of Drug Candidates That Inhibit the D-Loop Activity of RAD51. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1031-1040. [PMID: 30957434 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
RAD51 is the central protein in homologous recombination (HR) repair, where it first binds ssDNA and then catalyzes strand invasion via a D-loop intermediate. Additionally, RAD51 plays a role in faithful DNA replication by protecting stalled replication forks; this requires RAD51 to bind DNA but may not require the strand invasion activity of RAD51. We previously described a small-molecule inhibitor of RAD51 named RI(dl)-2 (RAD51 inhibitor of D-loop formation #2, hereafter called 2 h), which inhibits D-loop activity while sparing ssDNA binding. However, 2 h is limited in its ability to inhibit HR in vivo, preventing only about 50 % of total HR events in cells. We sought to improve upon this by performing a structure-activity relationship (SAR) campaign for more potent analogues of 2 h. Most compounds were prepared from 1-(2-aminophenyl)pyrroles by forming the quinoxaline moiety either by condensation with aldehydes, then dehydrogenation of the resulting 4,5-dihydro intermediates, or by condensation with N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole, chlorination, and installation of the 4-substituent through Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. Many analogues exhibited enhanced activity against human RAD51, but in several of these compounds the increased inhibition was due to the introduction of dsDNA intercalation activity. We developed a sensitive assay to measure dsDNA intercalation, and identified two analogues of 2 h that promote complete HR inhibition in cells while exerting minimal intercalation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Budke
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Kelsey Miles
- StarWise Therapeutics LLC, Madison, WI, 53719, USA
| | | | - Philip P Connell
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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28
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Sibiya MA, Raphoko L, Mangokoana D, Makola R, Nxumalo W, Matsebatlela TM. Induction of Cell Death in Human A549 Cells Using 3-(Quinoxaline-3-yl) Prop-2-ynyl Methanosulphonate and 3-(Quinoxaline-3-yl) Prop-2-yn-1-ol. Molecules 2019; 24:E407. [PMID: 30678061 PMCID: PMC6384999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major advancements in the development of various chemotherapeutic agents, treatment for lung cancer remains costly, ineffective, toxic to normal non-cancerous cells, and still hampered by a high level of remissions. A novel cohort of quinoxaline derivatives designed to possess a wide spectrum of biological activities was synthesized with promising targeted and selective anticancer drug activity. Hence, this study was aimed at determining in vitro anticancer activity effects of a newly synthesized class of 3-(quinoxaline-3-yl) prop-2-ynyl quinoxaline derivatives on A549 lung cancer cells. An assessment of the quinoxaline derivatives ferric reducing power, free radical scavenging activity, cytotoxic activity, and ability to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was performed using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H₂DCFDA) assays, respectively. The ability of the quinoxaline derivatives to induce apoptosis in A549 cells was assessed using the Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) and Annexin V-FITC/Dead Cell Assay. Of the four quinoxaline derivatives tested, 3-(quinoxaline-3-yl) prop-2-ynyl methanosulphate (LA-39B) and 3-(quinoxaline-3-yl) prop-2-yn-1-ol (LA-55) displayed a dose-dependent reducing power, free-radical scavenging activity, inhibition of cell viability, and stimulation of ROS production which was accompanied by induction of apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells. None of the quinoxaline derivatives induced cell death or ROS production in non-cancerous Raw 267.4 macrophage cells. Cytotoxicity was observed in A549 lung cancer, HeLa cervical cancer, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells albeit inhibition was more pronounced in A549 cells. The results of the study suggest that 3-(quinoxaline-3-yl) prop-2-ynyl methanosulphate and 3-(quinoxaline-3-yl) prop-2-yn-1-ol induce apoptotic cell death in A549 lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mixo Aunny Sibiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
| | - Lerato Raphoko
- Chemistry Department, School of Physical and Mineral Sciences, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
| | - Dikgale Mangokoana
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
| | - Raymond Makola
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
| | - Winston Nxumalo
- Chemistry Department, School of Physical and Mineral Sciences, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
| | - Thabe Moses Matsebatlela
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
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29
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Krishna T, Reddy TN, Laxminarayana E, Kalita D. Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2-a
]quinoxaline Derivatives from 1-(2-Aminophenyl)-pyrroles and Aldehydes. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thalishetti Krishna
- Technology Development Centre; Custom Pharmaceutical Services, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd; Hyderabad 500049 India
- Department of Chemistry; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad -; 500 085 Telangana India
| | - Thatikonda Narendar Reddy
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Telangana; Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - Eppakayala Laxminarayana
- Department of Chemistry, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology (Autonomous), Ghatkesar; Hyderabad- 501301, Telangana India
| | - Dipak Kalita
- Technology Development Centre; Custom Pharmaceutical Services, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd; Hyderabad 500049 India
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30
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Wu D, Chen L, Ma S, Luo H, Cao J, Chen R, Duan Z, Mathey F. Synthesis of 1,3-Azaphospholes with Pyrrolo[1,2- a]quinoline Skeleton and Their Optical Applications. Org Lett 2018; 20:4103-4106. [PMID: 29931983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of 1,3-azaphospholes with a pyrrolo[1,2- a]quinoline skeleton has been described. These new annulated 1,3-azaphospholes exhibit good photoelectric performance and can be used as the emitting dopant in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and dye for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Lingfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Shuangliang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Huiying Luo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510000 , P. R. China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Francois Mathey
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, International Phosphorus Laboratory, International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
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31
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Huang H, Wei Z, Hou J, Wang R, Tao G, Wang M, Duan Z, Mathey F. λ 3
-Pyrroloazaphosphinines with Relatively Stable P=C Double Bonds. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; International Phosphorus Laboratory; International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province Zhengzhou University; 450001 Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; International Phosphorus Laboratory; International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province Zhengzhou University; 450001 Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Hou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; International Phosphorus Laboratory; International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province Zhengzhou University; 450001 Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Ruoqing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; International Phosphorus Laboratory; International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province Zhengzhou University; 450001 Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Guanyu Tao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; International Phosphorus Laboratory; International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province Zhengzhou University; 450001 Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Mincan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; International Phosphorus Laboratory; International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province Zhengzhou University; 450001 Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; International Phosphorus Laboratory; International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province Zhengzhou University; 450001 Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - François Mathey
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; International Phosphorus Laboratory; International Joint Research Laboratory for Functional Organophosphorus Materials of Henan Province Zhengzhou University; 450001 Zhengzhou P. R. China
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32
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Ferguson PJ, Vincent MD, Koropatnick J. Synergistic Antiproliferative Activity of the RAD51 Inhibitor IBR2 with Inhibitors of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases and Microtubule Protein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:46-54. [PMID: 29061656 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.241661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer cell genetic instability contributes to characteristics that mediate tumorigenicity, it also contributes to the tumor-selective toxicity of some chemotherapy drugs. This synthetic lethality can be enhanced by inhibitors of DNA repair. To exploit this potential Achilles heel, we tested the ability of a RAD51 inhibitor to potentiate the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs. 2-(Benzylsulfonyl)-1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline (IBR2) inhibits RAD51-mediated DNA double-strand break repair but also enhances cytotoxicity of the Bcr-Abl inhibitor imatinib. The potential for synergy between IBR2 and more drugs was examined in vitro across a spectrum of cancer cell lines from various tissues. Cells were exposed to IBR2 simultaneously with inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases, DNA-damaging agents, or microtubule disruptors. IBR2, at concentrations that inhibited proliferation between 0% and 75%, enhanced toxicity by up to 80% of imatinib and regorafenib (targets RAF and kit); epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, and osimertinib; and vincristine, an inhibitor of microtubule function. However, IBR2 antagonized the action of olaparib, cisplatin, melphalan, and irinotecan. A vincristine-resistant squamous cell line was not cross resistant to imatinib, but IBR2 and another RAD51 inhibitor (B02) enhanced imatinib toxicity in this cell line, its HN-5a parent, and the colon cancer line HT-29 by up to 60% and much better than verapamil, a P-glycoprotein inhibitor (P < 0.05). Given the disparate agents the functions of which are enhanced by IBR2, the mechanisms of enhancement may be multimodal. Whether RAD51 is common to these mechanisms remains to be elucidated, but it provides the potential for selectivity to tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Ferguson
- London Regional Cancer Program and Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada (P.J.F., M.D.V., J.K.); and Departments of Microbiology and Immunology (J.K.), Pathology (J.K.), Physiology and Pharmacology (J.K.), and Oncology (P.J.F., M.D.V., J.K.), University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark D Vincent
- London Regional Cancer Program and Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada (P.J.F., M.D.V., J.K.); and Departments of Microbiology and Immunology (J.K.), Pathology (J.K.), Physiology and Pharmacology (J.K.), and Oncology (P.J.F., M.D.V., J.K.), University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Koropatnick
- London Regional Cancer Program and Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada (P.J.F., M.D.V., J.K.); and Departments of Microbiology and Immunology (J.K.), Pathology (J.K.), Physiology and Pharmacology (J.K.), and Oncology (P.J.F., M.D.V., J.K.), University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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33
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Rubio-Presa R, Pedrosa MR, Fernández-Rodríguez MA, Arnáiz FJ, Sanz R. Molybdenum-Catalyzed Synthesis of Nitrogenated Polyheterocycles from Nitroarenes and Glycols with Reuse of Waste Reduction Byproduct. Org Lett 2017; 19:5470-5473. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Rubio-Presa
- Departamento de Química,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Marı́a R. Pedrosa
- Departamento de Química,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J. Arnáiz
- Departamento de Química,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento de Química,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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34
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Hengel SR, Spies MA, Spies M. Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting DNA Repair and DNA Repair Deficiency in Research and Cancer Therapy. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:1101-1119. [PMID: 28938088 PMCID: PMC5679738 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
To maintain stable genomes and to avoid cancer and aging, cells need to repair a multitude of deleterious DNA lesions, which arise constantly in every cell. Processes that support genome integrity in normal cells, however, allow cancer cells to develop resistance to radiation and DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics. Chemical inhibition of the key DNA repair proteins and pharmacologically induced synthetic lethality have become instrumental in both dissecting the complex DNA repair networks and as promising anticancer agents. The difficulty in capitalizing on synthetically lethal interactions in cancer cells is that many potential targets do not possess well-defined small-molecule binding determinates. In this review, we discuss several successful campaigns to identify and leverage small-molecule inhibitors of the DNA repair proteins, from PARP1, a paradigm case for clinically successful small-molecule inhibitors, to coveted new targets, such as RAD51 recombinase, RAD52 DNA repair protein, MRE11 nuclease, and WRN DNA helicase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Hengel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - M Ashley Spies
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Maria Spies
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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35
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Bindra RS, Chalmers AJ, Evans S, Dewhirst M. GBM radiosensitizers: dead in the water…or just the beginning? J Neurooncol 2017; 134:513-521. [PMID: 28762004 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-017-2427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The finding that most GBMs recur either near or within the primary site after radiotherapy has fueled great interest in the development of radiosensitizers to enhance local control. Unfortunately, decades of clinical trials testing a wide range of novel therapeutic approaches have failed to yield any clinically viable radiosensitizers. However, many of the previous radiosensitizing strategies were not based on clear pre-clinical evidence, and in many cases blood-barrier penetration was not considered. Furthermore, DNA repair inhibitors have only recenly arrived in the clinic, and likely represent potent agents for glioma radiosensitization. Here, we present recent progress in the use of small molecule DNA damage response inhibitors as GBM radiosensitizers. In addition, we discuss the latest progress in targeting hypoxia and oxidative stress for GBM radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit S Bindra
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Anthony J Chalmers
- Institute of Cancer Sciences & Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sydney Evans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19081, USA
| | - Mark Dewhirst
- Radiation Oncology Department, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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36
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Aiello F, Carullo G, Giordano F, Spina E, Nigro A, Garofalo A, Tassini S, Costantino G, Vincetti P, Bruno A, Radi M. Identification of Breast Cancer Inhibitors Specific for G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER)-Expressing Cells. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1279-1285. [PMID: 28520140 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Together with estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ, the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) mediates important pathophysiological signaling pathways induced by estrogens and is currently regarded as a promising target for ER-negative (ER-) and triple-negative (TN) breast cancer. Only a few selective GPER modulators have been reported to date, and their use in cancer cell lines has often led to contradictory results. Herein we report the application of virtual screening and cell-based studies for the identification of new chemical scaffolds with a specific antiproliferative effect against GPER-expressing breast cancer cell lines. Out of the four different scaffolds identified, 8-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline 14 c was found to be the most promising compound able to induce: 1) antiproliferative activity in GPER-expressing cell lines (MCF7 and SKBR3), similarly to G15; 2) no effect on cells that do not express GPER (HEK293); 3) a decrease in cyclin D1 expression; and 4) a sustained induction of cell-cycle negative regulators p53 and p21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Aiello
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Elena Spina
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Alessandra Nigro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Sabrina Tassini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Costantino
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Vincetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Agostino Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Radi
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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37
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Xie C, Zhang Z, Li D, Gong J, Han X, Liu X, Ma C. Dimethyl Sulfoxide Involved One-Pot Synthesis of Quinoxaline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2017; 82:3491-3499. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Danyang Li
- Key
Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jian Gong
- Key
Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xushuang Han
- Key
Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chen Ma
- Key
Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of
Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines,
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
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38
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Liu H, Zhou F, Luo W, Chen Y, Zhang C, Ma C. Application of α-amino acids for the transition-metal-free synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7157-7164. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A practical and concise protocol for the efficient synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines from readily available α-amino acids and 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)anilines under transition metal-free conditions has been established. This protocol, which includes the formation of new C–C and C–N bonds, features a wide substrate scope with a broad range of functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Wen Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
| | - Chen Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
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39
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Dai C, Deng S, Zhu Q, Tang X. Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines via copper or iron-catalyzed aerobic oxidative carboamination of sp3C–H bonds. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed an aerobic oxidative carboamination of sp3C–H bonds with 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)anilines for synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenshu Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou 510515
- P. R. China
| | - Siqi Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou 510515
- P. R. China
| | - Qiuhua Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou 510515
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou 510515
- P. R. China
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40
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Budke B, Lv W, Kozikowski AP, Connell PP. Recent Developments Using Small Molecules to Target RAD51: How to Best Modulate RAD51 for Anticancer Therapy? ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2468-2473. [PMID: 27781374 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) is an evolutionarily conserved DNA repair process. Overexpression of the key HR protein RAD51 is a common feature of malignant cells. RAD51 plays two distinct genome-stabilizing roles, including HR-mediated repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and the promotion of replication fork stability during replication stress. Because upregulation of RAD51 in cancer cells can promote tumor resistance to DNA-damaging oncologic therapies, we and others have worked to develop cancer therapeutics that target various aspects of RAD51 protein function. Herein, we provide an overview of recent developments in this field, together with our perspectives on the challenges associated with these evolving anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Budke
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Drug Discovery Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alan P Kozikowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Drug Discovery Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Philip P Connell
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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41
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Brindisi M, Brogi S, Maramai S, Grillo A, Borrelli G, Butini S, Novellino E, Allarà M, Ligresti A, Campiani G, Di Marzo V, Gemma S. Harnessing the pyrroloquinoxaline scaffold for FAAH and MAGL interaction: definition of the structural determinants for enzyme inhibition. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12524g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacogenic pyrroloquinoxaline scaffold has been exploited for developing piperazine and 4-aminopiperidine carboxamides/carbamates as inhibitors of the endocannabinoids’ catabolic enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase.
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