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Khalifa H, Rasheed S, Haupenthal J, Herrmann J, Mandour YM, Abadi AH, Engel M, Müller R, Hirsch AKH, Abdel-Halim M, Hamed MM. Development and evaluation of 2,4-disubstituted-5-aryl pyrimidine derivatives as antibacterial agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300656. [PMID: 38304944 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Designing novel candidates as potential antibacterial scaffolds has become crucial due to the lack of new antibiotics entering the market and the persistent rise in multidrug resistance. Here, we describe a new class of potent antibacterial agents based on a 5-aryl-N2,N4-dibutylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine scaffold. Structural optimization focused on the 5-aryl moiety and the bioisosteric replacement of the side chain linker atom. Screening of the synthesized compounds focused on a panel of bacterial strains, including gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus strains (Newman MSSA, methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant), and the gram-negative Escherichia coli (ΔAcrB strain). Several compounds showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with compound 12, bearing a 4-chlorophenyl substituent, being the most potent among this series of compounds. This frontrunner compound revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 1 µg/mL against the S. aureus strain (Mu50 methicillin-resistant S. aureus/vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus) and an MIC of 2 µg/mL against other tested strains. The most potent derivatives were further tested against a wider panel of bacteria and evaluated for their cytotoxicity, revealing further potent activities toward Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis. To explore the mode of action, compound 12 was tested in a macromolecule inhibition assay. The obtained data were supported by the safety profile of compound 12, which possessed an IC50 of 12.3 µg/mL against HepG2 cells. The current results hold good potential for a new class of extended-spectrum antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Khalifa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sari Rasheed
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Saarbrucken, Germany
| | - Jörg Haupenthal
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Saarbrucken, Germany
| | - Yasmine M Mandour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf H Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Saarbrucken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anna K H Hirsch
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Saarbrucken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Hamed
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
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2
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Liu H, Xu T, Xue Z, Huang M, Wang T, Zhang M, Yang R, Guo Y. Current Development of Thiazole-Containing Compounds as Potential Antibacterials against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:350-370. [PMID: 38232301 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria is threatening to human health and life around the world. In particular, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes fatal injuries to human beings and serious economic losses to animal husbandry due to its easy transmission and difficult treatment. Currently, the development of novel, highly effective, and low-toxicity antimicrobials is important to combat MRSA infections. Thiazole-containing compounds with good biological activity are widely used in clinical practice, and appropriate structural modifications make it possible to develop new antimicrobials. Here, we review thiazole-containing compounds and their antibacterial effects against MRSA reported in the past two decades and discuss their structure-activity relationships as well as the corresponding antimicrobial mechanisms. Some thiazole-containing compounds exhibit potent antibacterial efficacy in vitro and in vivo after appropriate structural modifications and could be used as antibacterial candidates. This Review provides insights into the development of thiazole-containing compounds as antimicrobials to combat MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zihan Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Meijuan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruige Yang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
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3
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Hagras M, Abuelkhir AA, Abutaleb NS, Helal AM, Fawzy IM, Hegazy M, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Novel phenylthiazoles with a tert-butyl moiety: promising antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens with enhanced ADME properties. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1513-1526. [PMID: 38174234 PMCID: PMC10763701 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07619a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The structure-activity relationship of a new tert-butylphenylthiazole series, with a pyrimidine linker, was investigated. We wished to expand knowledge of this novel class of antibiotics by generating 21 new derivatives bearing ≥2 heteroatoms in their side chains. Their activity was examined against isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Clostridium difficile, Escherichia coli, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Candida albicans. Two compounds with 1,2-diaminocyclohexane as a nitrogenous side chain showed promising activity against the highly infectious MRSA USA300 strain, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 μg mL-1. One of these two compounds demonstrated potent activity against C. difficile, with a MIC of 4 μg mL-1. Moderate activities against a C. difficile strain with a MIC of 8 μg mL-1 were noted. Some new compounds possessed antifungal activity against a wild fluconazole-resistant C. albicans strain, with MIC values of 4-16 μg mL-1. ADME and metabolism-simulation studies were performed for the most promising compound and compared with lead compounds. Our results revealed that one compound possessed greater penetration of bacterial membranes and metabolic resistance, which aided a longer duration of action against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman A Abuelkhir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Helal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Iten M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt 11835 Cairo Egypt
| | - Maghawry Hegazy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
- Center for One Health Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
- University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology October Gardens 6th of October Giza 12578 Egypt
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4
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Shahin IG, Mohamed KO, Taher AT, Elsebaei MM, Mayhoub AS, Kassab AE, Elshewy A. New Phenylthiazoles: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation as Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Anti-COVID-19 Candidates. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301143. [PMID: 37857580 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The combination of antibacterial and antiviral agents is becoming a very important aspect of dealing with resistant bacterial and viral infections. The N-phenylthiazole scaffold was found to possess significant anti-MRSA, antifungal, and anti-COVID-19 activities as previously published; hence, a slight refinement was proposed to attach various alkyne lipophilic tails to this promising scaffold, to investigate their effects on the antimicrobial activity of the newly synthesized compounds and to provide a valuable structure-activity relationship. Phenylthiazole 4 m exhibited the most potent anti-MRSA activity with 8 μg/mL MIC value. Compounds 4 k and 4 m demonstrated potent activity against Clostridium difficile with MIC values of 2 μg/mL and moderate activity against Candida albicans with MIC value of 4 μg/mL. When analyzed for their anti-COVID-19 inhibitory effect, compound 4 b emerged with IC50 =1269 nM and the highest selectivity of 138.86 and this was supported by its binding score of -5.21 kcal mol-1 when docked against SARS-CoV-2 M pro . Two H-bonds were formed, one with His164 and the other with Met49 stabilizing phenylthiazole derivative 4 b, inside the binding pocket. Additionally, it created two arene-H bonds with Asn142 and Glu166, through the phenylthiazole scaffold and one arene-H bond with Leu141 via the phenyl ring of the lipophilic tail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas G Shahin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, 11787, Egypt
| | - Khaled O Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Azza T Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6-October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
- University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail, City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th October, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshewy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, Galala Plateau, Attaka, Suez, 43713, Egypt
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5
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Hagras M, Abutaleb NS, Ezzat HG, Salama EA, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Naphthylthiazoles: a class of broad-spectrum antifungals. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2089-2099. [PMID: 37859711 PMCID: PMC10583822 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00323j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcal infections remain a major cause of mortality worldwide due to the ability of Cryptococci to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) causing lethal meningitis. The limited number of available therapeutics, which exhibit limited availability, severe toxicity and low tolerability, necessitates the development of new therapeutics. Investigating the antifungal activity of a novel series of naphthylthiazoles provided trans-diaminocyclohexyl derivative 18 with many advantageous attributes as a potential therapeutic for cryptococcal meningitis. Briefly, the antimycotic activity of 18 against cryptococcal strains was highly comparable to that of amphotericin-B and fluconazole with MIC values as low as 1 μg mL-1. Moreover, compound 18 possessed additional advantages over fluconazole; it significantly reduced the intracellular burden of Cryptococci and markedly inhibited cryptococcal biofilm formation. Initial PK assessment of 18 indicated its ability to reach the CNS after oral administration with high permeability, and it maintained therapeutic plasma concentrations for 18 h. Its antifungal activity extended to other clinically relevant strains, such as fluconazole-resistant C. auris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Hany G Ezzat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Ehab A Salama
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
- Center for One Health Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
- Nanoscience Program, University of Science and Technology Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October Giza 12578 Egypt
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6
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Almaghrabi M, Musa A, Aljohani AKB, Ahmed HEA, Alsulaimany M, Miski SF, Mostafa EM, Hussein S, Parambi DGT, Ghoneim MM, Elgammal WE, Halawa AH, Hammad A, El-Agrody AM. Introducing of novel class of pyrano[2,3- c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile analogs with potent antimicrobial activity, DNA gyrase inhibition, and prominent pharmacokinetic and CNS toxicity profiles supported by molecular dynamic simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37661733 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2252088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Microbiological DNA gyrase is recognized as an exceptional microbial target for the innovative development of low-resistant and more effective antimicrobial drugs. Hence, we introduced a one-pot facile synthesis of a novel pyranopyrazole scaffold bearing different functionalities; substituted aryl ring, nitrile, and hydroxyl groups. All new analogs were characterized with full spectroscopic data. The antimicrobial screening for all analogs was assessed against standard strains of Gm + ve and Gm-ve through in vitro considers. The screened compounds displayed very promising MIC/MBC values against some of the bacterial strains with broad or selective antibacterial effects. Of these, 4j biphenyl analog showed 0.5-2/2-8 µg/mL MIC/MBC for suppression and killing of Gm + ve and Gm-ve strains. Moreover, the antimicrobial screening was assessed for the most potent analogs against certain highly resistant microbial strains. Consequently, DNA gyrase supercoiling assay was done for all analogs using ciprofloxacin as reference positive control. Obviously, the results showed a different activity profile with potent analog 4j with IC50 value 6.29 µg/mL better than reference drug 10.2 µg/mL. Additionally, CNS toxicity testing was done using the HiB5 cell line for attenuation of GABA/NMDA expression to both 4j and ciprofloxacin compounds that revealed better neurotransmitter modulation by novel scaffold. Importantly, docking and dynamic simulations were performed for the most active 4j analog to investigate its interaction with DNA binding sites, which supported the in vitro observations and compound stability with binding pocket. Finally, a novel scaffold pyranopyrazole was introduced as a DNA gyrase inhibitor with prominent antibacterial efficacy and low CNS side effect toxicity better than quinolones.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almaghrabi
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed K B Aljohani
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany E A Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Alsulaimany
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar F Miski
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid E Elgammal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Halawa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ali Hammad
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Agrody
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
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7
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Omara M, Hagras M, Elsebaie MM, Abutaleb NS, Nour El-Din HT, Mekhail MO, Attia AS, Seleem MN, Sarg MT, Mayhoub AS. Exploring novel aryl/heteroaryl-isosteres of phenylthiazole against multidrug-resistant bacteria. RSC Adv 2023; 13:19695-19709. [PMID: 37425632 PMCID: PMC10323310 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02778c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become a concern as a worldwide threat. A novel scaffold of phenylthiazoles was recently evaluated against multidrug-resistant Staphylococci to control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, showing good results. Several structural modifications are needed based on the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of this new antibiotic class. Previous studies revealed the existence of two key structural features essential for the antibacterial activity, the guanidine head and lipophilic tail. In this study, a new series of twenty-three phenylthiazole derivatives were synthesized utilizing the Suzuki coupling reaction to explore the lipophilic part. The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated against a range of clinical isolates. The three most promising compounds, 7d, 15d and 17d, with potent MIC values against MRSA USA300 were selected for further antimicrobial evaluation. The tested compounds exhibited potent results against the tested MSSA, MRSA, and VRSA strains (concentration: 0.5 to 4 μg mL-1). Compound 15d inhibited MRSA USA400 at a concentration of 0.5 μg mL-1 (one-fold more potent than vancomycin) and showed low MIC values against ten clinical isolates, including linezolid-resistant strain MRSA NRS119 and three vancomycin-resistant isolates VRSA 9/10/12. Moreover, compound 15d retained its potent antibacterial activity using the in vivo model by the burden reduction of MRSA USA300 in skin-infected mice. The tested compounds also showed good toxicity profiles and were found to be highly tolerable to Caco-2 cells at concentrations of up to 16 μg mL-1, with 100% of the cells remaining viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Omara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elsebaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Hanzada T Nour El-Din
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Maria O Mekhail
- PharmD-Clinical Pharmacy Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Attia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Cairo 11562 Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University Giza Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
- Center for One Health Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA
| | - Marwa T Sarg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
- Nanoscience Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology Giza Egypt
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8
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Malebari AM, E A Ahmed H, Ihmaid SK, Omar AM, Muhammad YA, Althagfan SS, Aljuhani N, A A El-Sayed AA, Halawa AH, El-Tahir HM, Turkistani SA, Almaghrabi M, K B Aljohani A, El-Agrody AM, Abulkhair HS. Exploring the dual effect of novel 1,4-diarylpyranopyrazoles as antiviral and anti-inflammatory for the management of SARS-CoV-2 and associated inflammatory symptoms. Bioorg Chem 2023; 130:106255. [PMID: 36403336 PMCID: PMC9671780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 and associated substantial inflammations continue to threaten humankind triggering death worldwide. So, the development of new effective antiviral and anti-inflammatory medications is a major scientific goal. Pyranopyrazoles have occupied a crucial position in medicinal chemistry because of their biological importance. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a series of sixteen pyranopyrazole derivatives substituted with two aryl groups at N-1 and C-4. The designed compounds are suggested to show dual activity to combat the emerging Coronaviruses and associated substantial inflammations. All compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiviral activity and cytotoxicity against SARS-CoV infected Vero cells. As well, the in vitro assay of all derivatives against the SARS-CoV Mpro target was performed. Results revealed the potential of three pyranopyrazoles (22, 27, and 31) to potently inhibit the viral main protease with IC50 values of 2.01, 1.83, and 4.60 μM respectively compared with 12.85 and 82.17 μM for GC-376 and lopinavir. Additionally, in vivo anti-inflammatory testing for the most active compound 27 proved its ability to reduce levels of two cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). Molecular docking and dynamics simulation revealed consistent results with the in vitro enzymatic assay and indicated the stability of the putative complex of 27 with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The assessment of metabolic stability and physicochemical properties of 27 have also been conducted. This investigation identified a set of metabolically stable pyranopyrazoles as effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and suppressors of host cell cytokine release. We believe that the new compounds deserve further chemical optimization and evaluation for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizah M Malebari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Alsulaymanyah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany E A Ahmed
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia; Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Saleh K Ihmaid
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdelsattar M Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Alsulaymanyah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yosra A Muhammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Alsulaymanyah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan S Althagfan
- Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Department, Taibah University, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Aljuhani
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Aziz A A El-Sayed
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Halawa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M El-Tahir
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Almaghrabi
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed K B Aljohani
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M El-Agrody
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, International Coastal Road, New Damietta 34518, Egypt.
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9
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Shahin IG, Mohamed KO, Taher AT, Mayhoub AS, Kassab AE. The Anti-MRSA Activity of Phenylthiazoles: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3469-3477. [PMID: 36424796 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221124112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an aggravating global issue therefore it has been under extensive research in an attempt to reduce the number of antibiotics that are constantly reported as obsolete jeopardizing the lives of millions worldwide. Thiazoles possess a reputation as one of the most diverse biologically active nuclei, and phenylthiazoles are no less exceptional with an assorted array of biological activities such as anthelmintic, insecticidal, antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antifungal activity. Recently phenyl thiazoles came under the spotlight as a scaffold having strong potential as an anti-MRSA lead compound. It is a prominent pharmacophore in designing and synthesizing new compounds with antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria such as MRSA, which is categorized as a serious threat pathogen, that exhibited concomitant resistance to most of the first-line antibiotics. MRSA has been associated with soft tissue and skin infections resulting in high death rates, rapid dissemination, and loss of millions of dollars of additional health care costs. In this brief review, we have focused on the advances of phenylthiazole derivatives as potential anti-MRSA from 2014 to 2021. The review encompasses the effect on biological activity due to combining this molecule with various synthetic pharmacophores. The physicochemical aspects were correlated with the pharmacokinetic properties of the reviewed compounds to reach a structure-activity relationship profile. Lead optimization of phenyl thiazole derivatives has additionally been outlined where the lipophilicity of the compounds was balanced with the metabolic stability and oral solubility to aid the researchers in medicinal chemistry, design, and synthesizing effective anti- MRSA phenylthiazoles in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas G Shahin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza 11787, Egypt
| | - Khaled O Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Azza T Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6-October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.,University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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10
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Evaluation of bisphenylthiazoles as a promising class for combating multidrug-resistant fungal infections. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258465. [PMID: 34735467 PMCID: PMC8568133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To minimize the intrinsic toxicity of the antibacterial agent hydrazinyloxadiazole 1, the hydrazine moiety was replaced with ethylenediamine (compound 7). This replacement generated a potent antifungal agent with no antibacterial activity. Notably, use of a 1,2-diaminocyclohexane moiety, as a conformationally-restricted isostere for ethylenediamine, potentiated the antifungal activity in both the cis and trans forms of N-(5-(2-([1,1’-biphenyl]-4-yl)-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine (compounds 16 and 17). Both compounds 16 and 17 were void of any antibacterial activity; nonetheless, they showed equipotent antifungal activity in vitro to that of the most potent approved antifungal agent, amphotericin B. The promising antifungal effects of compounds 16 and 17 were maintained when assessed against an additional panel of 26 yeast and mold clinical isolates, including the Candida auris and C. krusei. Furthermore, compound 17 showed superior activity to amphotericin B in vitro against Candida glabrata and Cryptococcus gattii. Additionally, neither compound inhibited the normal human microbiota, and both possessed excellent safety profiles and were 16 times more tolerable than amphotericin B.
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11
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Walunj Y, Shinde A, Borde K, Abhale Y, Bobade V, Mhaske PC. Synthesis, Anticancer and Antimicrobial Screening of New Naphthalenyl-Thiazole and Quinolinyl-Thiazole. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1991963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Walunj
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, S. P. Mandali’s Sir Parashurambhau College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Pune, India
- Department of Chemistry, Hutatma Rajguru College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Khed, Pune, India
| | - Abhijit Shinde
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, S. P. Mandali’s Sir Parashurambhau College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Pune, India
| | - Krishna Borde
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, S. P. Mandali’s Sir Parashurambhau College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Pune, India
| | - Yogita Abhale
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Daman, UT–DNH & DD (Affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University), India
| | - Vivek Bobade
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, H. P. T. Arts and R. Y. K. Science College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Nashik, India
| | - Pravin C. Mhaske
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, S. P. Mandali’s Sir Parashurambhau College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Pune, India
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12
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Thakare P, Shinde A, Dakhane S, Chavan A, Bobade VD, Mhaske PC. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 4‐(6‐substituted quinolin‐4‐yl)‐
N
‐aryl thiazol‐2‐amine derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Thakare
- Department of Chemistry S. P. Mandali's Sir Parashurambhau College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University) Pune India
| | - Abhijit Shinde
- Department of Chemistry S. P. Mandali's Sir Parashurambhau College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University) Pune India
| | - Sagar Dakhane
- Department of Chemistry Abasaheb Garware College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University) Pune India
| | - Abhijit Chavan
- Department of Chemistry S. P. Mandali's Sir Parashurambhau College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University) Pune India
| | - Vivek D. Bobade
- Department of Chemistry H. P. T. Arts and R. Y. K. Science College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University) Nashik India
| | - Pravin C. Mhaske
- Department of Chemistry S. P. Mandali's Sir Parashurambhau College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University) Pune India
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13
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Petrou A, Fesatidou M, Geronikaki A. Thiazole Ring-A Biologically Active Scaffold. Molecules 2021; 26:3166. [PMID: 34070661 PMCID: PMC8198555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiazole is a good pharmacophore nucleus due to its various pharmaceutical applications. Its derivatives have a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, analgesic, and antimicrobial including antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiallergic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antipsychotic. Indeed, the thiazole scaffold is contained in more than 18 FDA-approved drugs as well as in numerous experimental drugs. OBJECTIVE To summarize recent literature on the biological activities of thiazole ring-containing compounds Methods: A literature survey regarding the topics from the year 2015 up to now was carried out. Older publications were not included, since they were previously analyzed in available peer reviews. RESULTS Nearly 124 research articles were found, critically analyzed, and arranged regarding the synthesis and biological activities of thiazoles derivatives in the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (M.F.)
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14
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Design, synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of novel pyrazole linked phenylthiazole derivatives in context of antibacterial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 39:127853. [PMID: 33609657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are a significant burden both clinically and economically worldwide. Increasing resistance to current antibiotics requires an urgent investigation into novel classes of antimicrobial agents. This study presents a structure-activity relationship (SAR) rationale for pyrazole linked phenylthiazole analogues as new antibacterial agents. A library of 23 novel pyrazole linked phenylthiazole compounds were synthesised, followed by screening for antimicrobial activity against five bacterial species and two fungi. The most active compound 14b has shown promising antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, ATCC 43300) strain (MIC 4 μg/mL). Furthermore, the active pyrazole linked phenylthiazole compound exhibited a better toxicity profile than standard antibiotics. In summary, these results demonstrate that a pyrazole linked phenylthiazole scaffold has potential as a lead for further investigation to afford novel antibacterial agents.
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15
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Verma SK, Verma R, Kumar KSS, Banjare L, Shaik AB, Bhandare RR, Rakesh KP, Rangappa KS. A key review on oxadiazole analogs as potential methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity: Structure-activity relationship studies. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113442. [PMID: 33878562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is becoming dangerous to human beings due to easy transmission mode and leading to the difficult-to-treat situation. The rapid resistance development of MRSA to many approved antibiotics is of major concern. There is a lot of scope to develop novel, efficient, specific, and nontoxic drug candidates to fight against MRSA isolates. The interesting molecular structure and adaptable feature of oxadiazole moiety which are bioisosteres of esters and amides, and these functional groups show improved resistance to esterases mediated hydrolytic cleavage, attracting researchers to develop required novel antibiotics based on oxadiazole core. This review summarizes the developments of oxadiazole-containing derivatives as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant MRSA strains and discussing the structure-activity relationship (SAR) in various directions. The current survey is the highlight of the present scenario of oxadiazole hybrids on MRSA studies, covering articles published from 2011 to 2020. This collective information may become a good platform to plan and develop new oxadiazole-based small molecule growth inhibitors of MRSA with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Verma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Rameshwari Verma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | | | - Laxmi Banjare
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Koni, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Afzal B Shaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Richie R Bhandare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman Uniersity, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kadalipura P Rakesh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, PR China
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16
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Promising approach to the synthesis of unknown 2-(2, 2′-diamino-4,5′-dipyrimidin-6-yl)phenols(naphthols) and 2-amino-6-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)nicotinonitriles. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-020-02719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Jagadale SM, Abhale YK, Pawar HR, Shinde A, Bobade VD, Chavan AP, Sarkar D, Mhaske PC. Synthesis of New Thiazole and Pyrazole Clubbed 1,2,3-Triazol Derivatives as Potential Antimycobacterial and Antibacterial Agents. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1857272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shivaji M. Jagadale
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, S. P. Mandali’s Sir Parashurambhau College, Tilak Road, Pune, India (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University)
- Department of Chemistry, S.K. Gandhi Arts, Amolak Science and P.H. Gandhi Commerce College Kada, Tal. Ashti, District Beed, India(Affiliated to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad)
| | - Yogita K. Abhale
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Daman, India (Affiliated to Veer Narmad Gujarat University, Surat)
| | - Hari R. Pawar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Daman, India (Affiliated to Veer Narmad Gujarat University, Surat)
| | - Abhijit Shinde
- Department of Chemistry, Abasaheb Garware College, Pune, India (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University)
| | - Vivek D. Bobade
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, H. P. T. Arts and R. Y. K. Science College, Nashik, India (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University)
| | - Abhijit P. Chavan
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, S. P. Mandali’s Sir Parashurambhau College, Tilak Road, Pune, India (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University)
| | - Dhiman Sarkar
- CombiChemBio Resource Centre, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
| | - Pravin C. Mhaske
- Post-Graduate Department of Chemistry, S. P. Mandali’s Sir Parashurambhau College, Tilak Road, Pune, India (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University)
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18
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Hagras M, Abutaleb NS, Elhosseiny NM, Abdelghany TM, Omara M, Elsebaei MM, Alhashimi M, Norvil AB, Gutay MI, Gowher H, Attia AS, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Development of Biphenylthiazoles Exhibiting Improved Pharmacokinetics and Potent Activity Against Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2887-2900. [PMID: 32897045 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exploring the structure-activity relationship (SAR) at the cationic part of arylthiazole antibiotics revealed hydrazine as an active moiety. The main objective of the study is to overcome the inherited toxicity associated with the free hydrazine. A series of hydrocarbon bridges was inserted in between the groups, to separate the two amino groups. Hence, the aminomethylpiperidine-containing analog 16 was identified as a new promising antibacterial agent with efficient antibacterial and pharmacokinetic profiles. Briefly, compound 16 outperformed vancomycin in terms of the antibacterial spectrum against vancomycin-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2 to 4 μg/mL, which is a faster bactericidal mode of action, completely eradicating the high staphylococcal burden within 6-8 h, and it has a unique ability to completely clear intracellular staphylococci. In addition, the initial pharmacokinetic assessment confirmed the high metabolic stability of compound 16 (biological half-life >4 h); it had a good extravascular distribution and maintained a plasma concentration higher than the average MIC value for over 12 h. Moreover, compound 16 significantly reduced MRSA burden in an in vivo MRSA skin infection mouse experiment. These attributes collectively suggest that compound 16 is a good therapeutic candidate for invasive staphylococcal and enterococcal infections. From a mechanistic point of view, compound 16 inhibited undecaprenyl diphosphate phosphatase (UppP) with an IC50 value of 29 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S. Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Noha M. Elhosseiny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Tamer M. Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mariam Omara
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Marwa Alhashimi
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Allison B Norvil
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mark I Gutay
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Humaira Gowher
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ahmed S. Attia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N. Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Abdelrahman S. Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Street, October Gardens, sixth of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
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19
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Shahin IG, Abutaleb NS, Alhashimi M, Kassab AE, Mohamed KO, Taher AT, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Evaluation of N-phenyl-2-aminothiazoles for treatment of multi-drug resistant and intracellular Staphylococcus aureus infections. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112497. [PMID: 32707373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens calls for additional urgency in the development of new antibacterial candidates. N-Phenyl-2-aminothiazoles are promising candidates that possess potent anti-MRSA activity and could potentially replenish the MRSA antibiotic pipeline. The initial screen of a series of compounds in this novel class against several bacterial strains revealed that the aminoguanidine analogues possessed promising activities and superior safety profiles. The determined MICs of these compounds were comparable to, if not better than, those of the control drugs (linezolid and vancomycin). Remarkably, compounds 3a, 3b, and 3e possessed potent activities against multidrug resistant staphylococcal isolates and several clinically important pathogens, such as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In addition, the compounds were superior to vancomycin in the rapid killing of MRSA and the longer post-antibiotic effects. Furthermore, low concentrations of compounds 3a, 3b, and 3e reduced the intracellular burden of MRSA by greater than 90%. Initial in vitro PK/toxicity assessments revealed that compound 3e was highly tolerable and possessed a low metabolic clearance rate and a highly acceptable half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas G Shahin
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, 11787, Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Marwa Alhashimi
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Khaled O Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Azza T Taher
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6-October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al- Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th October, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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20
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Aryl-alkyl-lysines: Novel agents for treatment of C. difficile infection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5624. [PMID: 32221399 PMCID: PMC7101335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs) are a growing health concern worldwide. The recalcitrance of C. difficile spores to currently available treatments and concomitant virulence of vegetative cells has made it imperative to develop newer modalities of treatment. Aryl-alkyl-lysines have been earlier reported to possess antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Their broad spectrum of activity is attributed to their ability to infiltrate microbial membranes. Herein, we report the activity of aryl-alkyl-lysines against C. difficile and associated pathogens. The most active compound NCK-10 displayed activity comparable to the clinically-used antibiotic vancomycin. Indeed, against certain C. difficile strains, NCK-10 was more active than vancomycin in vitro. Additionally, NCK-10 exhibited limited permeation across the intestinal tract as assessed via a Caco-2 bidirectional permeability assay. Overall, the findings suggest aryl-alkyl-lysines warrant further investigation as novel agents to treat CDI.
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21
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Oxadiazolylthiazoles as novel and selective antifungal agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 189:112046. [PMID: 31962263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studying the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of oxadiazolylthiazole antibiotics unexpectedly led us to identify ethylenediamine- and propylenediamine-analogs as potential antimycotic novel lead structures. Replacement of the ethylenediamine moiety for the lead compound 7 with cis-diaminocyclohexyl group (compound 18) significantly enhanced the antifungal activity. In addition to the high safety margin of 18 against mammalian cells, it showed highly selective broad-spectrum activity against fungal cells without inhibiting the human normal microbiota. The antifungal activity of 18 was investigated against 20 drug-resistant clinically important fungi, including Candida species, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus fumigatus strains. In addition to the low MIC values that mostly ranged between 0.125 and 2.0 μg/mL, compound 18 outperformed fluconazole in disrupting mature Candida biofilm.
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22
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Mancy A, Abutaleb NS, Elsebaei MM, Saad AY, Kotb A, Ali AO, Abdel-Aleem JA, Mohammad H, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Balancing Physicochemical Properties of Phenylthiazole Compounds with Antibacterial Potency by Modifying the Lipophilic Side Chain. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:80-90. [PMID: 31718144 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is presently one of the most pressing healthcare challenges and necessitates the discovery of new antibacterials with unique chemical scaffolds. However, the determination of the optimal balance between structural requirements for pharmacological action and pharmacokinetic properties of novel antibacterial compounds is a significant challenge in drug development. The incorporation of lipophilic moieties within a compound's core structure can enhance biological activity but have a deleterious effect on drug-like properties. In this Article, the lipophilicity of alkynylphenylthiazoles, previously identified as novel antibacterial agents, was reduced by introducing cyclic amines to the lipophilic side chain. In this regard, substitution with methylpiperidine (compounds 14-16) and thiomorpholine (compound 19) substituents significantly enhanced the aqueous solubility profile of the new compounds more than 150-fold compared to the first-generation lead compound 1b. Consequently, the pharmacokinetic profile of compound 15 was significantly enhanced with a notable improvement in both half-life and the time the compound's plasma concentration remained above its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In addition, compounds 14-16 and 19 were found to exert a bactericidal mode of action against MRSA and were not susceptible to resistance formation after 14 serial passages. Moreover, these compounds (at 2× MIC) were superior to the antibiotic vancomycin in the disruption of the mature MRSA biofilm. The modifications to the alkynylphenylthiazoles reported herein successfully improved the pharmacokinetic profile of this new series while maintaining the compounds' biological activity against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mancy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S. Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed M. Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Y. Saad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Kotb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alsagher O. Ali
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Jelan A. Abdel-Aleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed N. Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Abdelrahman S. Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhayem Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Street, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
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23
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Identification of a Phenylthiazole Small Molecule with Dual Antifungal and Antibiofilm Activity Against Candida albicans and Candida auris. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18941. [PMID: 31831822 PMCID: PMC6908612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida species are a leading source of healthcare infections globally. The limited number of antifungal drugs combined with the isolation of Candida species, namely C. albicans and C. auris, exhibiting resistance to current antifungals necessitates the development of new therapeutics. The present study tested 85 synthetic phenylthiazole small molecules for antifungal activity against drug-resistant C. albicans. Compound 1 emerged as the most potent molecule, inhibiting growth of C. albicans and C. auris strains at concentrations ranging from 0.25–2 µg/mL. Additionally, compound 1 inhibited growth of other clinically-relevant yeast (Cryptococcus) and molds (Aspergillus) at a concentration as low as 0.50 µg/mL. Compound 1 exhibited rapid fungicidal activity, reducing the burden of C. albicans and C. auris below the limit of detection within 30 minutes. Compound 1 exhibited potent antibiofilm activity, similar to amphotericin B, reducing the metabolic activity of adherent C. albicans and C. auris biofilms by more than 66% and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, compound 1 prolonged survival of Caenorhabditis elegans infected with strains of C. albicans and C. auris, relative to the untreated control. The present study highlights phenylthiazole small molecules, such as compound 1, warrant further investigation as novel antifungal agents for drug-resistant Candida infections.
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24
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Bai XQ, Li CS, Cui MY, Song ZW, Zhou XY, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Zhang TY, Jiang TY. Synthesis and molecular docking studies of novel pyrimidine derivatives as potential antibacterial agents. Mol Divers 2019; 24:1165-1176. [PMID: 31792660 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-10019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes the in vitro antibacterial evaluation of some new pyrimidine derivatives. Twenty-two target compounds were designed, synthesized and preliminarily explored for their antimicrobial activities. The antimicrobial assay revealed that some target compounds exhibited significantly inhibitory efficiencies toward bacteria and fungal including drug-resistant pathogens. Compound 7c presented the most potent inhibitory activities against Gram-positive bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus 4220), Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Escherichia coli 1924) and the fungus Candida albicans 7535, with an MIC of 2.4 μmol/L. Compound 7c was also the most potent, with MICs of 2.4 or 4.8 μmol/L against four multidrug-resistant, Gram-positive bacterial strains. The toxicity evaluation of the compounds 7c, 10a, 19d and 26b was assessed in human normal liver cells (L02 cells). Molecular docking simulation and analysis suggested that compound 7c has a good interaction with the active cavities of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). In vitro enzyme study implied that compound 7c also displayed DHFR inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qian Bai
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Shi Li
- The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, 116000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yue Cui
- The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, 116000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Wen Song
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmary, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Yu Zhou
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Yi Zhang
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tie-Yan Jiang
- Changning Branch of Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai, 200336, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Modifying the lipophilic part of phenylthiazole antibiotics to control their drug-likeness. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111830. [PMID: 31718945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Compounds with high lipophilic properties are often associated with bad physicochemical properties, triggering many off-targets, and less likely to pass clinical trials. Two metabolically stable phenylthiazole antibiotic scaffolds having notable high lipophilic characters, one with alkoxy side chain and the other one with alkynyl moiety, were derivatized by inserting a cyclic amine at the lipophilic tail with the objective of improving physicochemical properties and the overall pharmacokinetic behavior. Only alkynyl derivatives with 4- or 5-membered rings showed remarkable antibacterial activity. The azetidine-containing compound 8 was the most effective and it revealed a potent antibacterial effect against 15 multi-drug resistant (MDR)-Gram positive pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis and enterococci. Compound 8 was also highly effective in clearing 99.7% of the intracellular methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) harbored inside macrophages. In addition to the remarkable enhancement in aqueous solubility, the in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats indicated that compound 8 can penetrate gut cells and reach plasma at a therapeutic concentration within 15 min and maintain effective plasma concentration for around 12 h. Interestingly, the main potential metabolite (compound 9) was also active as an antibacterial agent with potent antibiofilm activity.
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26
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Hannoun MH, Hagras M, Kotb A, El-Attar AAMM, Abulkhair HS. Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of a novel library of 2-(thiazol-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Bioorg Chem 2019; 94:103364. [PMID: 31668461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Replacement of the n-butylphenyl moiety in the lipophilic part of the previously reported arylthiazole antibiotics with naphthyl ring amended its activity against vancomycin resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Incorporation of the CN linker connecting the nitrogenous head with thiazole within an oxadiazole ring provided orally available analogs with relatively long half-life. In this article, a set of new twenty-three derivatives of 2-(thiazol-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole was synthesized combining both structural modifications in one new scaffold with the objectives of enhancing both the pharmacokinetic profile and antibacterial activities vs. malicious microbes. Among the synthesized new compounds, five derivatives showed promising activity with MIC values ranging from 1.95 to 3.90 μg/mL. The guanidinyl-containing naphthylthiazole and N-methylpiperazinyl derivatives (25 &29) were found equipotent as vancomycin against MRSA (2658 RCMB). The other three derivatives (23, 24 and 26) revealed 50% of vancomycin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Hannoun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Kotb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Abdul-Aziz M M El-Attar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt.
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27
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Gatadi S, Madhavi YV, Chopra S, Nanduri S. Promising antibacterial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103252. [PMID: 31518761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rapid emergence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections has created a critical health menace universally. Resistance to all the available chemotherapeutics has been on rise which led to WHO to stratify Staphylococcus aureus as high tier priorty II pathogen. Hence, discovery and development of new antibacterial agents with new mode of action is crucial to address the multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. The egressing understanding of new antibacterials on their biological target provides opportunities for new therapeutic agents. This review underlines on various aspects of drug design, structure activity relationships (SARs) and mechanism of action of various new antibacterial agents and also covers the recent reports on new antibacterial agents with potent activity against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This review provides attention on in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities of new antibacterial agents in the point of view of drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Gatadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Y V Madhavi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Sidharth Chopra
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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28
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Helal AM, Sayed AM, Omara M, Elsebaei MM, Mayhoub AS. Peptidoglycan pathways: there are still more! RSC Adv 2019; 9:28171-28185. [PMID: 35530449 PMCID: PMC9071014 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04518j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of 3rd and 4th generations of currently existing classes of antibiotics has not hindered bacterial resistance, which is escalating at an alarming global level. This review follows WHO recommendations through implementing new criteria for newly discovered antibiotics. These recommendations focus on abandoning old scaffolds and hitting new targets. In light of these recommendations, this review discusses seven bacterial proteins that no commercial antibiotics have targeted yet, alongside their reported chemical scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Helal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mariam Omara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
- University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology Giza Egypt
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29
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Hammad A, Abutaleb NS, Elsebaei MM, Norvil AB, Alswah M, Ali AO, Abdel-Aleem JA, Alattar A, Bayoumi SA, Gowher H, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. From Phenylthiazoles to Phenylpyrazoles: Broadening the Antibacterial Spectrum toward Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7998-8010. [PMID: 31369262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The narrow antibacterial spectrum of phenylthiazole antibiotics was expanded by replacing central thiazole with a pyrazole ring while maintaining its other pharmacophoric features. The most promising derivative, compound 23, was more potent than vancomycin against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive clinical isolates, including vancomycin- and linezolid-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value as low as 0.5 μg/mL. Moreover, compound 23 was superior to imipenem and meropenem against highly pathogenic carbapenem-resistant strains, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. In addition to the notable biofilm inhibition activity, compound 23 outperformed both vancomycin and kanamycin in reducing the intracellular burden of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Compound 23 cleared 90% of intracellular MRSA and 98% of Salmonella enteritidis at 2× the MIC. Moreover, preliminary pharmacokinetic investigations indicated that this class of novel antibacterial compounds is highly metabolically stable with a biological half-life of 10.5 h, suggesting a once-daily dosing regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Alswah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | - Alsagher O Ali
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , South Valley University , Qena , 83523 , Egypt
| | - Jelan A Abdel-Aleem
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Assiut University , Assiut , 71515 , Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Alattar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | - Sammar A Bayoumi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Heliopolis University , Cairo , 11777 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt.,University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program , Zewail City of Science and Technology , October Gardens, 6th of October , Giza 12578 , Egypt
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30
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Elsebaei MM, Abutaleb NS, Mahgoub AA, Li D, Hagras M, Mohammad H, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Phenylthiazoles with nitrogenous side chain: An approach to overcome molecular obesity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111593. [PMID: 31446245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of phenylthiazoles bearing cyclic amines at the phenyl-4 position was prepared with the objective of decreasing lipophilicity and improving the overall physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profile of the compounds. Briefly, the piperidine ring (compounds 10 and 12) provided the best ring size in terms of antibacterial activity when tested against 16 multidrug-resistant clinical isolates. Both compounds were superior to vancomycin in the ability to eliminate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), residing within infected macrophages and to disrupt mature MRSA biofilm. Additionally, compounds 10 and 12 exhibited a fast-bactericidal mode of action in vitro. Furthermore, the new derivatives were 160-times more soluble in water than the previous lead compound 1b. Consequently, compound 10 was orally bioavailable with a highly-acceptable pharmacokinetic profile in vivo that exhibited a half-life of 4 h and achieved a maximum plasma concentration that exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against all tested bacterial isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Abdulrahman A Mahgoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Daoyi Li
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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31
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Elsebaei MM, Mohammad H, Samir A, Abutaleb NS, Norvil AB, Michie AR, Moustafa MM, Samy H, Gowher H, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Lipophilic efficient phenylthiazoles with potent undecaprenyl pyrophosphatase inhibitory activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:49-62. [PMID: 31075608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance remains a pressing medical challenge for which novel antibacterial agents are urgently needed. The phenylthiazole scaffold represents a promising platform to develop novel antibacterial agents for drug-resistant infections. However, enhancing the physicochemical profile of this class of compounds remains a challenging endeavor to address to successfully translate these molecules into novel antibacterial agents in the clinic. We extended our understanding of the SAR of the phenylthiazoles' lipophilic moiety by exploring its ability to accommodate a hydrophilic group or a smaller sized hetero-ring with the objective of enhancing the physicochemical properties of this class of novel antimicrobials. Overall, the 2-thienyl derivative 20 and the hydroxyl-containing derivative 31 emerged as the most promising antibacterial agents inhibiting growth of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration as low as 1 μg/mL. Remarkably, compound 20 suppressed bacterial undecaprenyl pyrophosphatase (UppP), the molecular target of the phenylthiazole compounds, in a sub nano-molar concentration range (almost 20,000 times more potent than the lead compounds 1a and 1b). Compound 31 possessed the most balanced antibacterial and physicochemical profile. The compound exhibited rapid bactericidal activity against S. aureus, and successfully cleared intracellular S. aureus within infected macrophages. Furthermore, insertion of the hydroxyl group enhanced the aqueous solubility of 31 by more than 50-fold relative to the first-generation lead 1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Amgad Samir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Allison B Norvil
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Amie R Michie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mahmoud M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebatallah Samy
- University of Science and Technology, Biomedical Sciences Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Humaira Gowher
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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32
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Fischer G. Recent advances in 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine chemistry. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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33
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Kotb A, Abutaleb NS, Hagras M, Bayoumi A, Moustafa MM, Ghiaty A, Seleem M, Mayhoub AS. tert-Butylphenylthiazoles with an oxadiazole linker: a novel orally bioavailable class of antibiotics exhibiting antibiofilm activity. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6770-6778. [PMID: 35518469 PMCID: PMC9061097 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure–activity and structure–kinetic relationships of a new tert-butylphenylthiazole series with oxadiazole linkers were conducted with the objective of obtaining a new orally available antibacterial compounds. Twenty-two new compounds were prepared, purified and identified. Their activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were examined. Compound 20 with 3-hydroxyazetidine as a nitrogenous side chain showed promising activity against twenty-four clinical isolates, including vancomycin-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal species with MIC values ranging from 4–8 μg mL−1. Additional advantages of this compound include an ability to eradicate staphylococcal biofilm mass in a dose-dependent manner as well as high metabolic stability after an oral dose of 25 mg kg−1 with a biological half-life that exceeds 5 hours and a plasma concentration (Cmax) that exceeds the MIC values. The structure–activity and structure–kinetic relationships of a new tert-butylphenylthiazole series with oxadiazole linkers were conducted with the objective of obtaining a new orally available antibacterial compounds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kotb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Cairo 11884
- Egypt
| | - Nader S. Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA 47907
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Cairo 11884
- Egypt
| | - Ashraf Bayoumi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Cairo 11884
- Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Moustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
- Dammam 31441
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Ghiaty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Cairo 11884
- Egypt
| | - Mohamed N. Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA 47907
| | - Abdelrahman S. Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Cairo 11884
- Egypt
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34
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Hagras M, Abutaleb NS, Ali AO, Abdel-Aleem JA, Elsebaei MM, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Naphthylthiazoles: Targeting Multidrug-Resistant and Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus with Biofilm Disruption Activity. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:1679-1691. [PMID: 30247876 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-two new naphthylthiazole derivatives were synthesized with the aim of exploring their antimicrobial effect on multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Compounds 25 and 32, with ethylenediamine and methylguanidine side chains, represent the most promising derivatives, as their antibacterial spectrum includes activity against multidrug-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal strains. Moreover, the new derivatives are highly advantageous over the existing frontline therapeutics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. In this vein, compound 25 possesses three attributes: no bacterial resistance was developed against it even after 15 passages, it was very efficient in targeting intracellular pathogens, and it exhibited a concentration-dependent ability to disrupt the preformed bacterial biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhaiam Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S. Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Alsagher O. Ali
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Jelan A. Abdel-Aleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhaiam Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N. Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Abdelrahman S. Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 1-Elmokhaiam Eldaem Street, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- University of
Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, Giza, 12578, Egypt
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35
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ElAwamy M, Mohammad H, Hussien A, Abutaleb NS, Hagras M, Serya RA, Taher AT, Abouzid KAM, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Alkoxyphenylthiazoles with broad-spectrum activity against multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacterial pathogens. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:318-328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Kotb A, Abutaleb NS, Seleem MA, Hagras M, Mohammad H, Bayoumi A, Ghiaty A, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Phenylthiazoles with tert-Butyl side chain: Metabolically stable with anti-biofilm activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:110-120. [PMID: 29605807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new series of phenylthiazoles with t-butyl lipophilic component was synthesized and their antibacterial activity against a panel of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens was evaluated. Five compounds demonstrated promising antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcal strains and several vancomycin-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal species. Additionally, three derivatives 19, 23 and 26 exhibited rapid bactericidal activity, and remarkable ability to disrupt mature biofilm produced by MRSA USA300. More importantly, a resistant mutant to 19 couldn't be isolated after subjecting MRSA to sub-lethal doses for 14 days. Lastly, this new series of phenylthiazoles possesses an advantageous attribute over the first-generation compounds in their stability to hepatic metabolism, with a biological half-life of more than 9 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kotb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA
| | - Mohamed A Seleem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, United States
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA
| | - Ashraf Bayoumi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Adel Ghiaty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
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37
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Elsebaei MM, Mohammad H, Abouf M, Abutaleb NS, Hegazy YA, Ghiaty A, Chen L, Zhang J, Malwal SR, Oldfield E, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Alkynyl-containing phenylthiazoles: Systemically active antibacterial agents effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:195-209. [PMID: 29459278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The promising activity of phenylthiazoles against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens, in particular MRSA, has been hampered by their limited systemic applicability, due to their rapid metabolism by hepatic microsomal enzymes, resulting in short half-lives. Here, we investigated a series of phenylthiazoles with alkynyl side-chains that were synthesized with the objective of improving stability to hepatic metabolism, extending the utility of phenylthiazoles from topical applications to treatment of a more invasive, systemic MRSA infections. The most promising compounds inhibited the growth of clinically-relevant isolates of MRSA in vitro at concentrations as low as 0.5 μg/mL, and exerted their antibacterial effect by interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis via inhibition of undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase and undecaprenyl diphosphate phosphatase. We also identified two phenylthiazoles that successfully eradicated MRSA inside infected macrophages. In vivo PK analysis of compound 9 revealed promising stability to hepatic metabolism with a biological half-life of ∼4.5 h. In mice, compound 9 demonstrated comparable potency to vancomycin, and at a lower dose (20 mg/kg versus 50 mg/kg), in reducing the burden of MRSA in a systemic, deep-tissue infection, using the neutropenic mouse thigh-infection model. Compound 9 thus represents a new phenylthiazole lead for the treatment of MRSA infections that warrants further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed Abouf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Youssef A Hegazy
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Adel Ghiaty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 479067, United States.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
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38
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Shang R, Yi Y, Zhang C, Fu Y, Liang J, Pu W. Antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic profile of a promising antibacterial agent: 14-O-[(4-Amino-6-hydroxy-pyrimidine-2-yl)thioacetyl] mutilin. Pharmacol Res 2017; 129:424-431. [PMID: 29133214 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A new pleuromutilin derivative, 14-O-[(4-Amino-6-hydroxy-pyrimidine-2-yl)thioacetyl] mutilin (APTM), has been synthesized and proved most potent antibacterial agent in in vitro assays, suggesting that further development of this compound may lead to a promising antibacterial drug. In this study, we further evaluated the cytotoxicity, antibacterial efficacy and the pharmacokinetic profile of APTM. In BRL 3A cells, 50% of viability was obtained when 363μg/mL of APTM was used, while retapamulin and tiamulin fumarate needed 49 and 28μg/mL, respectively, to reach this viability. Compared to tiamulin fumarate, APTM showed higher inhibition efficacy and faster bactericidal activity against S. aureus and lower 50% effective dose (ED50) in mice after a lethal challenge with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Docking experiment for APTM showed a similar binding pattern with tiamulin. Furthermore, a simple, accurate and sensitive HPLC method for the determination of APTM in rabbit plasma was developed and successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study, in which the half life (t1/2), clearance rate (Cl) and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0→∞) were 3.37h, 0.35L/h/kg and 70.68μg·h/m, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, 730050 Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yunpeng Yi
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, 730050 Lanzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Lianyungang Animal Health Inspection Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yunxing Fu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, 730050 Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianping Liang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, 730050 Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanxia Pu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, 730050 Lanzhou, China.
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39
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Hagras M, Hegazy YA, Elkabbany AH, Mohammad H, Ghiaty A, Abdelghany TM, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Biphenylthiazole antibiotics with an oxadiazole linker: An approach to improve physicochemical properties and oral bioavailability. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:1448-1456. [PMID: 29126738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A new series of oxadiazolylbiphenylthiazoles was prepared with the objective of improving the limited solubility of first-generation derivatives while maintaining antibacterial activity against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Studying the structure-activity relationship at the cationic part provided the piperazine-1-carboximidamide derivative 27 with a MIC (MRSA) value of 1.1 μg/mL, bactericidal mode of action, and a 50-fold improvement in aqueous solubility. Additionally, 27 exhibited a wider safety margin against mammalian cells, and most importantly, a significant improvement in oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Youssef A Hegazy
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Amr H Elkabbany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Adel Ghiaty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
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40
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Eid I, Elsebaei MM, Mohammad H, Hagras M, Peters CE, Hegazy YA, Cooper B, Pogliano J, Pogliano K, Abulkhair HS, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Arylthiazole antibiotics targeting intracellular methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:665-673. [PMID: 28846967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The promising antibacterial potency of arylthiazole antibiotics is offset by their limited activity against intracellular bacteria (namely methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)), similar to many clinically-approved antibiotics. The failure to target these hidden pathogens is due to the compounds' lack of proper characteristics to accumulate intracellularly. Fine tuning of the size and polar-surface-area of the linking heteroaromatic ring provided a new series of 5-thiazolylarylthiazoles with balanced properties that allow them to sufficiently cross and accumulate inside macrophages infected with MRSA. The most promising compound 4i exhibited rapid bactericidal activity, good metabolic stability and produced over 80% reduction of intracellular MRSA in infected macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Eid
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Christine E Peters
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Youssef A Hegazy
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bruce Cooper
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Joe Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kit Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
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41
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Bacteriological profiling of diphenylureas as a novel class of antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182821. [PMID: 28797064 PMCID: PMC5552351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics remains an imposing global public health challenge. Of the most serious pathogens, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is problematic given strains have emerged that exhibit resistance to several antibiotic classes including β-lactams and agents of last resort such as vancomycin. New antibacterial agents composed of unique chemical scaffolds are needed to counter this public health challenge. The present study examines two synthetic diphenylurea compounds 1 and 2 that inhibit growth of clinically-relevant isolates of MRSA at concentrations as low as 4 µg/mL and are non-toxic to human colorectal cells at concentrations up to 128 μg/mL. Both compounds exhibit rapid bactericidal activity, completely eliminating a high inoculum of MRSA within four hours. MRSA mutants exhibiting resistance to 1 and 2 could not be isolated, indicating a low likelihood of rapid resistance emerging to these compounds. Bacterial cytological profiling revealed the diphenylureas exert their antibacterial activity by targeting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Both compounds demonstrate the ability to resensitize vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to the effect of vancomycin. The present study lays the foundation for further investigation and development of diphenylurea compounds as a new class of antibacterial agents.
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42
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Komendantova AS, Komkov AV, Volkova YA, Zavarzin IV. Efficient Synthesis of 4- and 5-Substituted 2-Aminopyrimidines by Coupling of β-Chlorovinyl Aldehydes and Guanidines. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Komendantova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Alexander V. Komkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Yulia A. Volkova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Igor V. Zavarzin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky prosp. 119991 Moscow Russia
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43
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Hagras M, Mohammad H, Mandour MS, Hegazy YA, Ghiaty A, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Investigating the Antibacterial Activity of Biphenylthiazoles against Methicillin- and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA). J Med Chem 2017; 60:4074-4085. [PMID: 28436655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Phenylthiazoles were reported previously as a new scaffold with antibacterial activity against an array of multidrug-resistant staphylococci. However, their promising antibacterial activity was hampered in large part by their short half-life due to excessive hepatic clearance. Close inspection of the structure-activity-relationships (SARs) of the phenylthiazoles revealed two important structural features necessary for antibacterial activity (a nitrogenous and a lipophilic component). Incorporating the nitrogenous part within a pyrimidine ring resulted in analogues with a prolonged half-life, while the biphenyl moiety revealed the most potent analogue 1b. In this study, advantageous moieties have been combined to generate a new hybrid scaffold of 5-pyrimidinylbiphenylthiazole with the objective of enhancing both anti-MRSA activity and drug-like properties. Among the 37 tested biphenylthiazoles, piperazinyl-containing derivatives 10, 30, and 36 were the most potent analogues with MIC values as low as 0.39 μg/mL. Additionally, 36 exhibited significant improvement in stability to hepatic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hagras
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed S Mandour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Youssef A Hegazy
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Adel Ghiaty
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884, Egypt.,Biomedical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology , Giza 12588, Egypt
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44
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In Vitro Evaluations and In Vivo Toxicity and Efficacy Studies of MFM501 against MRSA. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8032865. [PMID: 28536702 PMCID: PMC5425839 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8032865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously we have discovered a synthetically derived pyrrolidone alkaloid, MFM501, exhibiting good inhibitory activity against 53 MRSA and MSSA isolates with low cytotoxicity against three normal cell-lines with IC50 values at >625 µg/ml. Time-kill assay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, in vivo oral acute toxicity test, and mice peritonitis model were carried out in this study. In the time-kill study, MFM501 showed a less than 3 log10 decrease in bacterial colony concentration value (CFU/ml) which represented a bacteriostatic action while displaying a time-dependent inhibitory mechanism. Following that, SEM analysis suggested that MFM501 may exert its inhibitory activity via cytoplasmic membrane disruption. Moreover, MFM501 showed no toxicity effect on treated mice at an estimated median acute lethal dose (LD50) value of more than 300 mg/kg and less than 2000 mg/kg. For the efficacy test, a mean effective dose (ED50) of 87.16 mg/kg was obtained via a single dose oral administration. Our data demonstrated that MFM501 has the potential to be developed further as a new, safe, and effective oral-delivered antibacterial agent against MRSA isolates.
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45
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Mohammad H, Younis W, Chen L, Peters CE, Pogliano J, Pogliano K, Cooper B, Zhang J, Mayhoub A, Oldfield E, Cushman M, Seleem MN. Phenylthiazole Antibacterial Agents Targeting Cell Wall Synthesis Exhibit Potent Activity in Vitro and in Vivo against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2425-2438. [PMID: 28248504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial species, such as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), necessitates the development of new antimicrobials. Here, we investigate the spectrum of antibacterial activity of three phenylthiazole-substituted aminoguanidines. These compounds possess potent activity against VRE, inhibiting growth of clinical isolates at concentrations as low as 0.5 μg/mL. The compounds exerted a rapid bactericidal effect, targeting cell wall synthesis. Transposon mutagenesis suggested three possible targets: YubA, YubB (undecaprenyl diphosphate phosphatase (UPPP)), and YubD. Both UPPP as well as undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase were inhibited by compound 1. YubA and YubD are annotated as transporters and may also be targets because 1 collapsed the proton motive force in membrane vesicles. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we demonstrate that two compounds (1, 3, at 20 μg/mL) retain potent activity in vivo, significantly reducing the burden of VRE in infected worms. Taken altogether, the results indicate that compounds 1 and 3 warrant further investigation as novel antibacterial agents against drug-resistant enterococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Waleed Younis
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Christine E Peters
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joe Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kit Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Bruce Cooper
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Abdelrahman Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University , Cairo, 11884, Egypt.,Biomedical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology , Giza, Egypt
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mark Cushman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University College of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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46
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Eissa IH, Mohammad H, Qassem OA, Younis W, Abdelghany TM, Elshafeey A, Abd Rabo Moustafa MM, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Diphenylurea derivatives for combating methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 130:73-85. [PMID: 28249208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A new class of diphenylurea was identified as a novel antibacterial scaffold with an antibacterial spectrum that includes highly resistant staphylococcal isolates, namely methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA & VRSA). Starting with a lead compound 3 that carries an aminoguanidine functionality from one side and a n-butyl moiety on the other ring, several analogues were prepared. Considering the pharmacokinetic parameters as a key factor in structural optimization, the structure-activity-relationships (SARs) at the lipophilic side chain were rigorously examined leading to the discovery of the cycloheptyloxyl analogue 21n as a potential drug-candidate. This compound has several notable advantages over vancomycin and linezolid including rapid killing kinetics against MRSA and the ability to target and reduce the burden of MRSA harboring inside immune cells (macrophages). Furthermore, the potent anti-MRSA activity of 21n was confirmed in vivo using a Caenorhabditis elegans animal model. The present study provides a foundation for further development of diphenylurea compounds as potential therapeutic agents to address the burgeoning challenge of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Omar A Qassem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Waleed Younis
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tamer M Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshafeey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11777, Egypt; Bioequivalence Section, Genuine Research Center, Heliopolis, Cairo 11757, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Abd Rabo Moustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Eastern Province, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 479067, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
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Yahia E, Mohammad H, Abdelghany TM, Fayed E, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Phenylthiazole antibiotics: A metabolism-guided approach to overcome short duration of action. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 126:604-613. [PMID: 27918995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial resistance is a pressing global health challenge that necessitates the development of new therapeutic agents. Phenylthiazole antibacterial agents have been extensively studied, by our group, as a potential novel class of antibiotics to circumvent the scourge of antibacterial resistance. Previously, the phenylthiazole lead compound 1 was shown to possess potent activity against clinical isolates of methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA). The promising activity of this novel class of antibiotics is hampered by their short half-life due to rapid hepatic metabolism. In the present study, a metabolic methylene soft spot in the lead 1 was identified and replaced with an oxygen atom. The newly developed phenylthiazoles, with alkoxy side chains, demonstrate high metabolic stability (t1/2 > 4 h), while maintaining their potent anti-MRSA activity. Furthermore, compound 5p demonstrated a selective advantage over vancomycin with its ability to kill intracellular MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Yahia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tamer M Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Eman Fayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 479067, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
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