1
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Wiseman RL, Bigos KL, Dastgheyb RM, Barker PB, Rubin LH, Slusher BS. Brain N -acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate is associated with cognitive function in older virally suppressed people with HIV. AIDS 2024; 38:1003-1011. [PMID: 38411600 PMCID: PMC11062820 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive impairment persists in virally suppressed people with HIV (VS-PWH) especially in higher order domains. One cortical circuit, linked to these domains, is regulated by N -acetyl-aspartyl glutamate (NAAG), the endogenous agonist of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 3. The enzyme glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) catabolizes NAAG and is upregulated in aging and disease. Inhibition of GCPII increases brain NAAG and improves learning and memory in rodent and primate models. DESIGN As higher order cognitive impairment is present in VS-PWH, and NAAG has not been investigated in earlier magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies (MRS), we investigated if brain NAAG levels measured by MRS were associated with cognitive function. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 7-Tesla MRS data from a previously published study on cognition in older VS-PWH. The original study did not separately quantify NAAG, therefore, work for this report focused on relationships between regional NAAG levels in frontal white matter (FWM), left hippocampus, left basal ganglia and domain-specific cognitive performance in 40 VS-PWH after adjusting for confounds. Participants were older than 50 years, negative for affective and neurologic disorders, and had no prior 3-month psychoactive-substance use. RESULTS Higher NAAG levels in FWM were associated with better attention/working memory. Higher left basal ganglia NAAG related to better verbal fluency. There was a positive relationship between hippocampal NAAG and executive function which lost significance after correction for confounds. CONCLUSION These data suggest brain NAAG serves as a biomarker of cognition in VS-PWH. Pharmacological modulation of brain NAAG warrants investigation as a therapeutic approach for cognitive deficits in VS-PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn L. Wiseman
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology
| | - Kristin L. Bigos
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
| | | | - Peter B. Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences
| | - Leah H. Rubin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
- Department of Neurology
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
- Department of Neurology
- Department of Oncology
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Novakova Z, Tehrani ZA, Jurok R, Motlova L, Kutil Z, Pavlicek J, Shukla S, Choy CJ, Havlinova B, Baranova P, Berkman CE, Kuchar M, Cerny J, Barinka C. Structural, Biochemical, and Computational Characterization of Sulfamides as Bimetallic Peptidase Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:1030-1042. [PMID: 38224368 PMCID: PMC10865363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The sulfonamide function is used extensively as a general building block in various inhibitory scaffolds and, more specifically, as a zinc-binding group (ZBG) of metalloenzyme inhibitors. Here, we provide biochemical, structural, and computational characterization of a metallopeptidase in complex with inhibitors, where the mono- and bisubstituted sulfamide functions are designed to directly engage zinc ions of a bimetallic enzyme site. Structural data showed that while monosubstituted sulfamides coordinate active-site zinc ions via the free negatively charged amino group in a canonical manner, their bisubstituted counterparts adopt an atypical binding pattern divergent from expected positioning of corresponding tetrahedral reaction intermediates. Accompanying quantum mechanics calculations revealed that electroneutrality of the sulfamide function is a major factor contributing to the markedly lower potency of bisubstituted compounds by considerably lowering their interaction energy with the enzyme. Overall, while bisubstituted uncharged sulfamide functions can bolster favorable pharmacological properties of a given inhibitor, their use as ZBGs in metalloenzyme inhibitors might be less advantageous due to their suboptimal metal-ligand properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Novakova
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Zahra Aliakbar Tehrani
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Radek Jurok
- Forensic
Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Motlova
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Zsofia Kutil
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Jiri Pavlicek
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Shivam Shukla
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Cindy J. Choy
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163, United States
| | - Barbora Havlinova
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Petra Baranova
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Clifford E. Berkman
- Department
of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163, United States
| | - Martin Kuchar
- Forensic
Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Cerny
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
| | - Cyril Barinka
- Institute
of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
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3
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Temml V, Kollár J, Schönleitner T, Höll A, Schuster D, Kutil Z. Combination of In Silico and In Vitro Screening to Identify Novel Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:1249-1259. [PMID: 36799916 PMCID: PMC9976286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) is a metalloprotease implicated in neurological diseases and prostate oncology. While several classes of potent GCPII-specific inhibitors exist, the development of novel active scaffolds with different pharmacological profiles remains a challenge. Virtual screening followed by in vitro testing is an effective means for the discovery of novel active compounds. Structure- and ligand-based pharmacophore models were created based on a dataset of known GCPII-selective ligands. These models were used in a virtual screening of the SPECS compound library (∼209.000 compounds). Fifty top-scoring virtual hits were further experimentally tested for their ability to inhibit GCPII enzymatic activity in vitro. Six hits were found to have moderate to high inhibitory potency with the best virtual hit, a modified xanthene, inhibiting GCPII with an IC50 value of 353 ± 24 nM. The identification of this novel inhibitory scaffold illustrates the applicability of pharmacophore-based modeling for the discovery of GCPII-specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Temml
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jakub Kollár
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Theresa Schönleitner
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna Höll
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Zsófia Kutil
- Laboratory
of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, 252
50 Vestec, Czech
Republic
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4
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Gori SS, Thomas AG, Pal A, Wiseman R, Ferraris DV, Gao RD, Wu Y, Alt J, Tsukamoto T, Slusher BS, Rais R. D-DOPA Is a Potent, Orally Bioavailable, Allosteric Inhibitor of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102018. [PMID: 36297453 PMCID: PMC9608075 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate carboxypeptidase-II (GCPII) is a zinc-dependent metalloenzyme implicated in numerous neurological disorders. The pharmacophoric requirements of active-site GCPII inhibitors makes them highly charged, manifesting poor pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Herein, we describe the discovery and characterization of catechol-based inhibitors including L-DOPA, D-DOPA, and caffeic acid, with sub-micromolar potencies. Of these, D-DOPA emerged as the most promising compound, with good metabolic stability, and excellent PK properties. Orally administered D-DOPA yielded high plasma exposures (AUCplasma = 72.7 nmol·h/mL) and an absolute oral bioavailability of 47.7%. Unfortunately, D-DOPA brain exposures were low with AUCbrain = 2.42 nmol/g and AUCbrain/plasma ratio of 0.03. Given reports of isomeric inversion of D-DOPA to L-DOPA via D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO), we evaluated D-DOPA PK in combination with the DAAO inhibitor sodium benzoate and observed a >200% enhancement in both plasma and brain exposures (AUCplasma = 185 nmol·h/mL; AUCbrain = 5.48 nmol·h/g). Further, we demonstrated GCPII target engagement; orally administered D-DOPA with or without sodium benzoate caused significant inhibition of GCPII activity. Lastly, mode of inhibition studies revealed D-DOPA to be a noncompetitive, allosteric inhibitor of GCPII. To our knowledge, this is the first report of D-DOPA as a distinct scaffold for GCPII inhibition, laying the groundwork for future optimization to obtain clinically viable candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadakatali S. Gori
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ajit G. Thomas
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Arindom Pal
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robyn Wiseman
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dana V. Ferraris
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Run-duo Gao
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Takashi Tsukamoto
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: (B.S.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Rana Rais
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: (B.S.S.); (R.R.)
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5
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Xie H, Song JL, Jiang CY, Huang YX, Zeng JY, Liu XG, Zhang SS, Yang F. Thioether-directed Rh(III)-catalyzed peri-selective acyloxylation of arenes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:565-569. [PMID: 34985096 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A thioether directed acyloxylation of arenes has been realized via Cp*Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation and subsequent coupling with carboxylic acids. This new method showed high functional group compatibility and broad substrate scope. Primary mechanistic studies have been conducted and a tentative reaction mechanism was proposed. It represents the first example of a thioether-directed Cp*Rh(III)-catalyzed C(sp2)-H acyloxylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Lin Song
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Chun-Yong Jiang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Xia Huang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Jun-Yi Zeng
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Xu-Ge Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Nanodrugs of Henan Province, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China.
| | - Shang-Shi Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Fan Yang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
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6
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Chai Y, Liu X, Tian Y, Wang X, Quan Z. Metal‐Free Electrocatalytic C(sp
2
)‐H Acyloxylation of Aromatic Ring to Synthesis of Acetoxylated Phenylethers. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chai
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Jun Liu
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya‐Ling Tian
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Xi‐Cun Wang
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng‐Jun Quan
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water-Retention Chemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu 730070 People's Republic of China
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7
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Wang XY, Li Y, Shi L, Zhu X, Hao XQ, Song MP. Palladium-catalyzed C–H acetoxylation of 2-arylindazoles. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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8
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Becker I, Wang-Eckhardt L, Lodder-Gadaczek J, Wang Y, Grünewald A, Eckhardt M. Mice deficient in the NAAG synthetase II gene Rimkla are impaired in a novel object recognition task. J Neurochem 2021; 157:2008-2023. [PMID: 33638175 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) is an abundant neuropeptide in the mammalian nervous system, synthesized by two related NAAG synthetases I and II (NAAGS-I and -II) encoded by the genes Rimklb and Rimkla, respectively. NAAG plays a role in cognition and memory, according to studies using inhibitors of the NAAG hydrolase glutamate carboxypeptidase II that increase NAAG concentration. To examine consequences of reduced NAAG concentration, Rimkla-deficient (Rimkla-/- ) mice were generated. These mice exhibit normal NAAG level at birth, likely because of the intact Rimklb gene, but have significantly reduced NAAG levels in all brain regions in adulthood. In wild type mice NAAGS-II was most abundant in brainstem and spinal cord, as demonstrated using a new NAAGS-II antiserum. In the hippocampus, NAAGS-II was only detectable in neurons expressing parvalbumin, a marker of GABAergic interneurons. Apart from reduced open field activity, general behavior of adult (6 months old) Rimkla-/- mice examined in different tests (dark-light transition, optokinetic behavior, rotarod, and alternating T-maze) was not significantly altered. However, Rimkla-/- mice were impaired in a short-term novel object recognition test. This was also the case for mice lacking NAA synthase Nat8l, which are devoid of NAAG. Together with results from previous studies showing that inhibition of the NAAG degrading enzyme glutamate carboxypeptidase II is associated with a significant improvement in object recognition, these results suggest a direct involvement of NAAG synthesized by NAAGS-II in the memory consolidation underlying the novel object recognition task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lihua Wang-Eckhardt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Lodder-Gadaczek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Agathe Grünewald
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Eckhardt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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9
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Chen YK, Kang YS, Xu HJ, Zhang P, Zhao J, Li T, Sun WY, Lu Y. Rh(III)-Catalyzed C(sp 3)-H Acetoxylation of 8-Methylquinolines. Org Lett 2020; 22:5390-5395. [PMID: 32628855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A mild and efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed aliphatic C-H acetoxylation directed by quinolines has been developed with widespread functional groups, including various halogens, which usually can provide precursors for further organic synthesis but easily results in selectivity issues in the Pd- and Ni-catalyzed reaction. Interestingly, Ac2O plays an essential role in promoting the transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ke Chen
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan-Shang Kang
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hua-Jin Xu
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei-Yin Sun
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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10
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Abstract
A limited number of peripheral targets generate pain. Inflammatory mediators can sensitize these. The review addresses targets acting exclusively or predominantly on sensory neurons, mediators involved in inflammation targeting sensory neurons, and mediators involved in a more general inflammatory process, of which an analgesic effect secondary to an anti-inflammatory effect can be expected. Different approaches to address these systems are discussed, including scavenging proinflammatory mediators, applying anti-inflammatory mediators, and inhibiting proinflammatory or facilitating anti-inflammatory receptors. New approaches are contrasted to established ones; the current stage of progress is mentioned, in particular considering whether there is data from a molecular and cellular level, from animals, or from human trials, including an early stage after a market release. An overview of publication activity is presented, considering a IuPhar/BPS-curated list of targets with restriction to pain-related publications, which was also used to identify topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmin I Ciotu
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael J M Fischer
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of dual targeting inhibitors of histone deacetylase 6/8 and bromodomain BRPF1. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112338. [PMID: 32497960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Histone modifying proteins, specifically histone deacetylases (HDACs) and bromodomains, have emerged as novel promising targets for anticancer therapy. In the current work, based on available crystal structures and docking studies, we designed dual inhibitors of both HDAC6/8 and the bromodomain and PHD finger containing protein 1 (BRPF1). Biochemical and biophysical tests showed that compounds 23a,b and 37 are nanomolar inhibitors of both target proteins. Detailed structure-activity relationships were deduced for the synthesized inhibitors which were supported by extensive docking and molecular dynamics studies. Cellular testing in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells showed only a weak effect, most probably because of the poor permeability of the inhibitors. We also aimed to analyse the target engagement and the cellular activity of the novel inhibitors by determining the protein acetylation levels in cells by western blotting (tubulin vs histone acetylation), and by assessing their effects on various cancer cell lines.
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12
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Hughes RR, Shaaban KA, Ponomareva LV, Horn J, Zhang C, Zhan CG, Voss SR, Leggas M, Thorson JS. OleD Loki as a Catalyst for Hydroxamate Glycosylation. Chembiochem 2020; 21:952-957. [PMID: 31621997 PMCID: PMC7124993 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the ability of the permissive glycosyltransferase (GT) OleD Loki to convert a diverse set of >15 histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACis) into their corresponding hydroxamate glycosyl esters. Representative glycosyl esters were subsequently evaluated in assays for cancer cell line cytotoxicity, chemical and enzymatic stability, and axolotl embryo tail regeneration. Computational substrate docking models were predictive of enzyme-catalyzed turnover and suggest certain HDACis may form unproductive, potentially inhibitory, complexes with GTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Hughes
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Khaled A Shaaban
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Larissa V Ponomareva
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jamie Horn
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - S Randal Voss
- Department of Neuroscience, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Ambystoma Genetic Stock Center, University of Kentucky, UK Medical Center MN 150, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Markos Leggas
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jon S Thorson
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
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13
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Saha M, Das AR. Hypervalent iodine promoted ortho diversification: 2-aryl benzimidazole, quinazoline and imidazopyridine as directing templates. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:941-955. [PMID: 31922163 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02533b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mild and efficient palladium-catalyzed ortho C(sp2)-H diversification of (NH)-free 2-substituted benzimidazole, quinazoline, and imidazopyridine is reported using hypervalent iodine as the key reagent. Acetoxy, aryl, iodide and nitro functional groups were introduced on the same substrate by simply shifting the reaction conditions in the presence of inorganic additives (Cs2CO3, I2, NaNO2) and the hypervalent iodine reagent (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (PIDA) under aerobic conditions. The combination of NaNO2 with PIDA was successfully employed in Pd-catalyzed C-H bond nitration to achieve a library of nitrated 1,3 N-heterocycles. This versatile ortho C(sp2)-H activation strategy features operational simplicity, short reaction times, and ample substrate possibilities, it requires no ligands or silver salts as additives, and it shows good tolerance of oxidation prone functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Saha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | - Asish R Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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14
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Miura M, Hirano K, Hazra S. Pyridine-Directed Rh-Catalyzed C6-Selective C–H Acetoxylation of 2-Pyridones. HETEROCYCLES 2020. [DOI: 10.3987/com-19-s(f)16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Irfana Jesin C, Ravindra S, Nandi GC. Sulfonimidamide as a directing agent for Pd-catalyzed regioselective oxidative C–H acyloxylation of arenes. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Dash RP, Tichý T, Veeravalli V, Lam J, Alt J, Wu Y, Tenora L, Majer P, Slusher BS, Rais R. Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of 2-(Phosphonomethyl)-pentanedioic Acid (2-PMPA) from its (5-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl (ODOL)-Based Prodrugs. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4292-4301. [PMID: 31503493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
2-(Phosphonomethyl)-pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA) is a potent (IC50 = 300 pM) and selective inhibitor of glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) with efficacy in multiple neurological and psychiatric disease preclinical models and more recently in models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cancer. 2-PMPA (1), however, has not been clinically developed due to its poor oral bioavailability (<1%) imparted by its four acidic functionalities (c Log P = -1.14). In an attempt to improve the oral bioavailability of 2-PMPA, we explored a prodrug approach using (5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl (ODOL), an FDA-approved promoiety, and systematically masked two (2), three (3), or all four (4) of its acidic groups. The prodrugs were evaluated for in vitro stability and in vivo pharmacokinetics in mice and dog. Prodrugs 2, 3, and 4 were found to be moderately stable at pH 7.4 in phosphate-buffered saline (57, 63, and 54% remaining at 1 h, respectively), but rapidly hydrolyzed in plasma and liver microsomes, across species. In vivo, in a single time-point screening study in mice, 10 mg/kg 2-PMPA equivalent doses of 2, 3, and 4 delivered significantly higher 2-PMPA plasma concentrations (3.65 ± 0.37, 3.56 ± 0.46, and 17.3 ± 5.03 nmol/mL, respectively) versus 2-PMPA (0.25 ± 0.02 nmol/mL). Given that prodrug 4 delivered the highest 2-PMPA levels, we next evaluated it in an extended time-course pharmacokinetic study in mice. 4 demonstrated an 80-fold enhancement in exposure versus oral 2-PMPA (AUC0-t: 52.1 ± 5.9 versus 0.65 ± 0.13 h*nmol/mL) with a calculated absolute oral bioavailability of 50%. In mouse brain, 4 showed similar exposures to that achieved with the IV route (1.2 ± 0.2 versus 1.6 ± 0.2 h*nmol/g). Further, in dogs, relative to orally administered 2-PMPA, 4 delivered a 44-fold enhanced 2-PMPA plasma exposure (AUC0-t for 4: 62.6 h*nmol/mL versus AUC0-t for 2-PMPA: 1.44 h*nmol/mL). These results suggest that ODOL promoieties can serve as a promising strategy for enhancing the oral bioavailability of multiply charged compounds, such as 2-PMPA, and enable its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomáš Tichý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i. , Prague 166 10 , Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | - Lukáš Tenora
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i. , Prague 166 10 , Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Majer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i. , Prague 166 10 , Czech Republic
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17
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Brahmachari G, Karmakar I. sp
2-C-H Acetoxylation of Diversely Substituted (E
)-1-(Arylmethylene)-2-phenylhydrazines Using PhI(OAc)2
as Acetoxy Source at Ambient Conditions. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Brahmachari
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Organic Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Visva-Bharati(a Central University); 731 235 Santiniketan- West Bengal India
| | - Indrajit Karmakar
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Organic Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Visva-Bharati(a Central University); 731 235 Santiniketan- West Bengal India
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18
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Caroleo MC, Brizzi A, De Rosa M, Pandey A, Gallelli L, Badolato M, Carullo G, Cione E. Targeting Neuropathic Pain: Pathobiology, Current Treatment and Peptidomimetics as a New Therapeutic Opportunity. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:1469-1500. [PMID: 31142248 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190530121133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a huge need for pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of chronic Neuropathic Pain (NP), a complex condition where patients can suffer from either hyperalgesia or allodynia originating from central or peripheral nerve injuries. To date, the therapeutic guidelines include the use of tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors and anticonvulsants, beside the use of natural compounds and non-pharmacological options. Unfortunately, these drugs suffer from limited efficacy and serious dose-dependent adverse effects. In the last decades, the heptapeptide SP1-7, the major bioactive metabolite produced by Substance P (SP) cleavage, has been extensively investigated as a potential target for the development of novel peptidomimetic molecules to treat NP. Although the physiological effects of this SP fragment have been studied in detail, the mechanism behind its action is not fully clarified and the target for SP1-7 has not been identified yet. Nevertheless, specific binding sites for the heptapeptide have been found in brain and spinal cord of both mouse and rats. Several Structure-Affinity Relationship (SAR) studies on SP1-7 and some of its synthetic analogues have been carried out aiming to developing more metabolically stable and effective small molecule SP1-7-related amides that could be used as research tools for a better understanding of the SP1-7 system and, in a longer perspective, as potential therapeutic agents for future treatment of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Caroleo
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87026 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Polo Scientifico San Miniato, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Maria De Rosa
- Drug Discovery Unit, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Ankur Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Badolato
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87026 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87026 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87026 Rende (CS), Italy
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19
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Courtens C, Risseeuw M, Caljon G, Maes L, Cos P, Martin A, Van Calenbergh S. Double prodrugs of a fosmidomycin surrogate as antimalarial and antitubercular agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1232-1235. [PMID: 30879839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of eleven double prodrug derivatives of a fosmidomycin surrogate were synthesized and investigated for their ability to inhibit in vitro growth of P. falciparum and M. tuberculosis. A pivaloyloxymethyl (POM) phosphonate prodrug modification was combined with various prodrug derivatisations of the hydroxamate moiety. The majority of compounds showed activity comparable with or inferior to fosmidomycin against P. falciparum. N-benzyl substituted carbamate prodrug 6f was the most active antimalarial analog with an IC50 value of 0.64 µM. Contrary to fosmidomycin and parent POM-prodrug 5, 2-nitrofuran and 2-nitrothiophene prodrugs 6i and 6j displayed promising antitubercular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Courtens
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn Risseeuw
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Caljon
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (S7), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (S7), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 (S7), B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anandi Martin
- Medical Microbiology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B-1200 Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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20
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Li ZL, Sun KK, Cai C. Nickel-catalyzed regioselective C–H oxygenation: new routes for versatile C–O bond formation. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01274a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed regioselective C–H oxygenation reactions of chelating arenes using iodobenzene diacetate, alcohols, and benzoic acids respectively as attacking reagents have been developed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-lin Li
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Kang-kang Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Chun Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science & Technology
- Nanjing
- China
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21
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Sarkar W, Bhowmik A, Mishra A, Vats TK, Deb I. Cobalt-Catalyzed Directedsp2C−H Acetoxylation of Arenes Employing Mn(OAc)3 ⋅ 2H2O as Acetoxy Source. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Writhabrata Sarkar
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4-Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Arup Bhowmik
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4-Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Aniket Mishra
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4-Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Tripta Kumari Vats
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4-Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Indubhusan Deb
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4-Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
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22
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Mishra A, Vats TK, Nair MP, Das A, Deb I. Rhodium-Catalyzed sp2 C–H Acetoxylation of N-Aryl Azaindoles/N-Heteroaryl Indolines. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12406-12415. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Mishra
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4-Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tripta Kumari Vats
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4-Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mahesh P. Nair
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4-Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arindam Das
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4-Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Indubhusan Deb
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4-Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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