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Chen Z, Liu M, Wang N, Xiao W, Shi J. Unleashing the Potential of Camptothecin: Exploring Innovative Strategies for Structural Modification and Therapeutic Advancements. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3244-3273. [PMID: 38421819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) is a potent anti-cancer agent targeting topoisomerase I (TOP1). However, CPT has poor pharmacokinetic properties, causes toxicities, and leads to drug resistance, which limit its clinical use. In this paper, to review the current state of CPT research. We first briefly explain CPT's TOP1 inhibition mechanism and the key hurdles in CPT drug development. Then we examine strategies to overcome CPT's limitations through structural modifications and advanced delivery systems. Though modifications alone seem insufficient to fully enhance CPT's therapeutic potential, structure-activity relationship analysis provides insights to guide optimization of CPT analogs. In comparison, advanced delivery systems integrating controlled release, imaging capabilities, and combination therapies via stimulus-responsive linkers and targeting moieties show great promise for improving CPT's pharmacological profile. Looking forward, multifaceted approaches combining selective CPT derivatives with advanced delivery systems, informed by emerging biological insights, hold promise for fully unleashing CPT's anti-cancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Maoyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Ningyu Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Wenjing Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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2
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Wang X, Zhuang Y, Wang Y, Jiang M, Yao L. The recent developments of camptothecin and its derivatives as potential anti-tumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115710. [PMID: 37595544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
This review article focuses on the research progress made in the structural modifications of camptothecin (CPT), a potent cytotoxic natural alkaloid. CPT possesses a unique 5-fused ring structure and exhibits various beneficial activities such as anti-proliferative, anti-fungal, insecticidal, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties. CPT and its analogs, including Topotecan and Irinotecan, have been successfully developed and marketed as topoisomerase I inhibitors. To enhance the therapeutic potential of CPT, researchers have undertaken structural modifications primarily on the A, B, and E rings of the CPT core structure. These modifications aim to improve the efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties of CPT derivatives. The article reviews the advancements in hybridizing CPT with other bioactive compounds, the synthesis of novel CPT analogs, and their associated biological activities. Moreover, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these modified CPT derivatives is summarized to gain insights into their structure-function correlations. In addition to discussing the modifications and biological activities of CPT derivatives, the article also touches upon the mechanism of parent drug release. Many CPT derivatives are prodrugs, meaning they require metabolic activation to generate the active form of the drug. It is a resource for researchers interested in developing novel anti-tumor agents based on CPT, addressing the limitations associated with the parent drug, and exploring various aspects of CPT modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Yumeng Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Yuankun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Maokai Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Lei Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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3
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Kumar S, Kajol K, Nayak P, Kumar A, Ramesh C. Synthesis of tetracyclic 4H-benzo[5,6]chromeno[3,4-d]oxazoles via palladium-catalyzed intramolecular direct heteroarylation. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201151. [PMID: 36519340 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a palladium-catalyzed intramolecular direct heteroarylation of oxazole tethered β-naphthols to access corresponding tetracyclic 4H-benzo[5,6]chromeno[3,4-d]oxazoles. Various functional groups are well tolerated and furnished the desired products in good to excellent yields under the present reaction conditions. The scale-up reaction and synthetic utility of the resulting molecules have been demonstrated. Moreover, UV/vis absorption and fluorescence emission properties have been evaluated for these polyheterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeet Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10 Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Km Kajol
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10 Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Prakash Nayak
- School of Chemical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10 Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Chintakunta Ramesh
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10/1, Sector 10 Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110001, India
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4
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Lai J, Wang M, Hu W, Yue H, Yu E, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Xia L, Ling X, Wang H, Li F, Li Q. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 20(S)-substituted FL118 conjugates as novel antitumor agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Fan Z, Chen X, Tanaka K, Park HS, Lam NYS, Wong JJ, Houk KN, Yu JQ. Molecular editing of aza-arene C-H bonds by distance, geometry and chirality. Nature 2022; 610:87-93. [PMID: 35944562 PMCID: PMC10292866 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Direct molecular editing of heteroarene carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds through consecutive selective C-H functionalization has the potential to grant rapid access into diverse chemical spaces, which is a valuable but often challenging venture to achieve in medicinal chemistry1. In contrast to electronically biased heterocyclic C-H bonds2-9, remote benzocyclic C-H bonds on bicyclic aza-arenes are especially difficult to differentiate because of the lack of intrinsic steric/electronic biases10-12. Here we report two conceptually distinct directing templates that enable the modular differentiation and functionalization of adjacent remote (C6 versus C7) and positionally similar (C3 versus C7) positions on bicyclic aza-arenes through careful modulation of distance, geometry and previously unconsidered chirality in template design. This strategy enables direct C-H olefination, alkynylation and allylation at adjacent C6 and C7 positions of quinolines in the presence of a competing C3 position that is spatially similar to C7. Notably, such site-selective, iterative and late-stage C-H editing of quinoline-containing pharmacophores can be performed in a modular fashion in different orders to suit bespoke synthetic applications. This Article, in combination with previously reported complementary methods, now fully establishes a unified late-stage 'molecular editing' strategy to directly modify bicyclic aza-arenes at any given site in different orders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoulong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiangyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Keita Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Han Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nelson Y S Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan J Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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6
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Topoisomerase I inhibitors: Challenges, progress and the road ahead. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 236:114304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Melim C, Magalhães M, Santos AC, Campos EJ, Cabral C. Nanoparticles as phytochemical carriers for cancer treatment: News of the last decade. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:179-197. [PMID: 35166619 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2041599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development and application of novel therapeutic medicines for the treatment of cancer are of vital importance to improve the disease's outcome and survival rate. One noteworthy treatment approach is the use of biologically active compounds present in natural products. Even though these phytocompounds present anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, their use is limited essentially due to poor systemic delivery, low bioavailability, and water solubility concerns. To make full use of the anticancer potential of natural products, these limitations need to be technologically addressed. In this sense, nanotechnology emerges as a promising drug delivery system strategy. AREAS COVERED In this review, the benefits and potential of nanodelivery systems for natural products encapsulation as promising therapeutic approaches for cancer, which were developed during the last decade, are highlighted. EXPERT OPINION The nanotechnology area has been under extensive research in the medical field given its capacity for improving the therapeutic potential of drugs by increasing their bioavailability and allowing a targeted delivery to the tumor site. Thereby, the nanoencapsulation of phytocompounds can have a direct impact on the recognized therapeutic activity of natural products towards cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Melim
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana Magalhães
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisa Julião Campos
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia Cabral
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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8
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Gu YQ, Shen WY, Yang QY, Chen ZF, Liang H. Ru(III) complexes with pyrazolopyrimidines as anticancer agents: bioactivities and the underlying mechanisms. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1333-1343. [PMID: 34989734 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02765d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Three ruthenium(III) complexes with pyrazolopyrimidine [Ru(Ln)(H2O)Cl3] (1-3, n = 1-3) were prepared and characterized. These Ru(III) compounds show strong cytotoxicity against six cancer cell lines and low toxicity to normal human liver cells. Particularly, they exhibited stronger cytotoxicity to SK-OV-3 cells than cisplatin. Mechanism studies revealed that complex 1 inhibited tumor cell invasion and suppressed cell proliferation, induced apoptosis by elevating the levels of intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) and free calcium (Ca2+), and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ). It also activated the caspase cascade, accompanied with upregulation of cytochrome c, Bax, p53, Apaf-1 and downregulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, complex 1 caused cell cycle arrest at S phase by inhibiting the expression of CDC 25, cyclin A2 and CDK 2 proteins, and induced DNA damage by interacting with DNA and inhibiting the topoisomerase I enzyme. Complex 1 exhibited efficient in vivo anticancer activity in a model of SK-OV-3 tumor xenograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qiong Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China. .,School of Environment and Life Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, P. R China
| | - Wen-Ying Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Qi-Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China.
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9
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Zhang HX, Lin HH, Su D, Yang DC, Liu JY. Enzyme-Activated Multifunctional Prodrug Combining Site-Specific Chemotherapy with Light-Triggered Photodynamic Therapy. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:630-641. [PMID: 35034440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Combination treatments are more effective than conventional monotherapy in combating cancer. Herein, a multifunctional prodrug BDP-L-CPT was rationally engineered and prepared by the conjugation of a boron dipyrromethene (BDP)-based photosensitizer (PS) to the active site of the chemotherapeutic drug camptothecin (CPT) via a phenyl benzoate group. After modification, the cytotoxicity of CPT was locked. Moreover, the fluorescence emission at 430 nm from the CPT component in the prodrug was substantially inhibited through the intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer process. The phenyl benzoate linker in BDP-L-CPT could be selectively cleaved by exogenous carboxylesterase in phosphate-buffered saline solution and endogenous carboxylesterase overexpressed in cancer cells, which was followed by self-immolation to release free CPT. The drug release process could be monitored by the turn-on of CPT fluorescence in solution and cells. Owing to the combination of site-specific chemotherapy with light-driven photodynamic therapy, the IC50 values of the prodrug BDP-L-CPT against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma and HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells were lower than those of the controls, BDP-COOH and CPT. The combined antitumor effects of the prodrug BDP-L-CPT were also observed in the mice bearing H22 tumors. Furthermore, BDP-L-CPT had a more prolonged blood circulation time in mice than CPT, which is beneficial to persistent therapy. This study may provide a promising strategy for a selective combination cancer treatment by conjugating a prodrug to a PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Zhang
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Hao-Hua Lin
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Medical Chemistry, XinYang Vocational and Technical College, Xinyang 464100, China
| | - De-Chao Yang
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jian-Yong Liu
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.,State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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10
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Structural modification aimed for improving solubility of lead compounds in early phase drug discovery. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 56:116614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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MCDB: A comprehensive curated mitotic catastrophe database for retrieval, protein sequence alignment, and target prediction. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3092-3104. [PMID: 34729303 PMCID: PMC8546929 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic catastrophe (MC) is a form of programmed cell death induced by mitotic process disorders, which is very important in tumor prevention, development, and drug resistance. Because rapidly increased data for MC is vigorously promoting the tumor-related biomedical and clinical study, it is urgent for us to develop a professional and comprehensive database to curate MC-related data. Mitotic Catastrophe Database (MCDB) consists of 1214 genes/proteins and 5014 compounds collected and organized from more than 8000 research articles. Also, MCDB defines the confidence level, classification criteria, and uniform naming rules for MC-related data, which greatly improves data reliability and retrieval convenience. Moreover, MCDB develops protein sequence alignment and target prediction functions. The former can be used to predict new potential MC-related genes and proteins, and the latter can facilitate the identification of potential target proteins of unknown MC-related compounds. In short, MCDB is such a proprietary, standard, and comprehensive database for MC-relate data that will facilitate the exploration of MC from chemists to biologists in the fields of medicinal chemistry, molecular biology, bioinformatics, oncology and so on. The MCDB is distributed on http://www.combio-lezhang.online/MCDB/index_html/.
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Key Words
- Data mining
- Database
- GO, Gene Ontology
- IUPAC, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- InChI Key, International Chemical Identifier hash
- InChI, International Chemical Identifier
- MC, Mitotic Catastrophe
- MCDB, Mitotic Catastrophe Database
- Mitotic catastrophe
- PDB, Protein Data Bank
- PMID, PubMed identifier
- Protein sequence analysis
- PubChem, Public Chemistry
- PubMed, Public Medicine
- SMILES, Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification
- Target prediction
- UniProt, Universal Protein Resource
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Lauria A, La Monica G, Bono A, Martorana A. Quinoline anticancer agents active on DNA and DNA-interacting proteins: From classical to emerging therapeutic targets. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113555. [PMID: 34052677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Quinoline is one of the most important and versatile nitrogen heterocycles embodied in several biologically active molecules. Within the numerous quinolines developed as antiproliferative agents, this review is focused on compounds interfering with DNA structure or with proteins/enzymes involved in the regulation of double helix functional processes. In this light, a special focus is given to the quinoline compounds, acting with classical/well-known mechanisms of action (DNA intercalators or Topoisomerase inhibitors). In particular, the quinoline drugs amsacrine and camptothecin (CPT) have been studied as key lead compounds for the development of new agents with improved PK and tolerability properties. Moreover, notable attention has been paid to the quinoline molecules, which are able to interfere with emerging targets involved in cancer progression, as G-quadruplexes or the epigenetic ones (e.g.: histone deacetylase, DNA and histones methyltransferase). The antiproliferative and the enzymatic inhibition data of the reviewed compounds have been analyzed. Furthermore, concerning the SAR (structure-activity relationship) aspects, the most recurrent ligand-protein interactions are summarized, underling the structural requirements for each kind of mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Lauria
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche "STEBICEF" - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi - 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriele La Monica
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche "STEBICEF" - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi - 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Bono
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche "STEBICEF" - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi - 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Annamaria Martorana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche "STEBICEF" - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi - 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
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13
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He D, Fu S, Zhou A, Su Y, Gao X, Zhang Y, Huang B, Du J, Liu D. Camptothecin Regulates Microglia Polarization and Exerts Neuroprotective Effects via Activating AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 and Inhibiting NF-κB Pathways In Vivo and In Vitro. Front Immunol 2021; 12:619761. [PMID: 33868235 PMCID: PMC8047064 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.619761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the main immune cells in the brain, participate in the innate immune response in the central nervous system (CNS). Studies have shown that microglia can be polarized into pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Accumulated evidence suggests that over-activated M1 microglia release pro-inflammatory mediators that damage neurons and lead to Parkinson's disease (PD). In contrast, M2 microglia release neuroprotective factors and exert the effects of neuroprotection. Camptothecin (CPT), an extract of the plant Camptotheca acuminate, has been reported to have anti-inflammation and antitumor effects. However, the effect of CPT on microglia polarization and microglia-mediated inflammation responses has not been reported. In our study we found that CPT improved motor performance of mice and reduced the loss of neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of the midbrain in LPS-injected mice. In the mechanism study, we found that CPT inhibited M1 polarization of microglia and promotes M2 polarization via the AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signals. Furthermore, CPT protected the neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y and dopaminergic neuron cell line MN9D from damage mediated by microglia activation. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CPT regulates the microglia polarization phenotype via activating AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting NF-κB pathways, inhibits neuro-inflammatory responses, and exerts neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dianfeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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14
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Hsueh WY, Lee YSE, Huang MS, Lai CH, Gao YS, Lin JC, Chen YF, Chang CL, Chou SY, Chen SF, Lu YY, Chang LH, Lin SF, Lin YH, Hsu PC, Wei WY, Huang YC, Kao YF, Teng LW, Liu HH, Chen YC, Yuan TT, Chan YW, Huang PH, Chao YT, Huang SY, Jian BH, Huang HY, Yang SC, Lo TH, Huang GR, Wang SY, Lin HS, Chuang SH, Huang JJ. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Nitrile-Addition/ N-Arylation Ring-Closure Cascade: Synthesis of 5,11-Dihydro-6 H-indolo[3,2- c]quinolin-6-ones as Potent Topoisomerase-I Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1435-1453. [PMID: 33492141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a copper(I)-catalyzed nitrile-addition/N-arylation ring-closure cascade for the synthesis of 5,11-dihydro-6H-indolo[3,2-c]quinolin-6-ones from 2-(2-bromophenyl)-N-(2-cyanophenyl)acetamides. Using CuBr and t-BuONa in dimethylformamide (DMF) as the optimal reaction conditions, the cascade reaction gave the target products, in high yields, with a good substrate scope. Application of the cascade reaction was demonstrated on the concise total syntheses of alkaloid isocryptolepine. Further optimization of the products from the cascade reaction led to 3-chloro-5,12-bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5,12-dihydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':5,6]indolo[3,2-c]quinolin-6-one (2k), which exhibited the characteristic DNA topoisomerase-I inhibitory mechanism of action with potent in vitro anticancer activity. Compound 2k actively inhibited ARC-111- and SN-38-resistant HCT-116 cells and showed in vivo activity in mice bearing human HCT-116 and SJCRH30 xenografts. The interaction of 2k with the Top-DNA cleavable complex was revealed by docking simulations to guide the future optimization of 5,11-dihydro-6H-indolo[3,2-c]quinolin-6-ones as topoisomerase-I inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yun Hsueh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Shuan E Lee
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Min-Sian Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hung Lai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Chu Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fen Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lin Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Yen Chou
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Fong Chen
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Yu Lu
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Hsiang Chang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Shu Fu Lin
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Lin
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Chen Hsu
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Win-Yin Wei
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chi Huang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Feng Kao
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Teng
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Huang Liu
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chou Chen
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Tung Yuan
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Jian
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chuan Yang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Lo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ru Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yun Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Her-Sheng Lin
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Chuang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jyh Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan.,Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City 11571, Taiwan
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15
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Li Y, Zhu M, Xu L. A Concise Biogenetically Inspired Formal Synthesis of Camptothecin. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202102034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Yang XY, Zhao HY, Lei H, Yuan B, Mao S, Xin M, Zhang SQ. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 10-Substituted Camptothecin Derivatives with Improved Water Solubility and Activity. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:1000-1010. [PMID: 33241878 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite remarkable clinical achievements, camptothecin (CPT) still suffers from poor solubility and severe toxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to redevelop CPT derivatives as supplementary antitumor agents with good water solubility and small side effects. In this work, 27 camptothecin derivatives were synthesized and screened for their cytotoxicity against A549 (lung) and HCT-116 (colon) cancer cell lines. Among them, compound B7, 7-ethyl-10-(2-oxo-2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)ethoxy)camptothecin,was demonstrated in vitro to be a more potent antitumor agent than SN-38 by comparison of their inhibitory activities against cell proliferation and colony formation and interference effect on process of cell cycle and cell apoptosis. Additionally, a molecular docking model revealed that B7 can interact with the topoisomerase I-DNA complex, and that the solubility of B7 reached 5.73 μg/mL in water. Moreover, B7 significantly inhibited tumor growth in an A549 xenograft model at dosages of 0.4 and 2.0 mg/kg, and exhibited minimum lethal doses comparable to those of irinotecan. These results indicated that B7, with improved solubility, enhanced activity and acceptable acute toxicity, can be used as a lead compound for the development of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hong-Yi Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hao Lei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuai Mao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Minghang Xin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - San-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
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17
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Triple stimuli-responsive supramolecular nanoassembly with mitochondrial targetability for chemophotothermal therapy. J Control Release 2020; 327:35-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Xiao LX, Qi L, Zhang XL, Zhou YQ, Yue HL, Yu ED, Li QY. Liver injury in septic mice were suppressed by a camptothecin-bile acid conjugate via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Life Sci 2020; 257:118130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Fan S, Cao YX, Li GY, Lei H, Attiogbe MKI, Yao JC, Yang XY, Liu YJ, Hei YY, Zhang H, Cao L, Zhang XY, Du SS, Zhang GM, Zhang SQ. F10, a new camptothecin derivative, was identified as a new orally-bioavailable, potent antitumor agent. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112528. [PMID: 32650182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Topoisomerases are interesting targets for drug discovery. In the present study, we attached saturated carbon atoms to the 10-position of camptothecin and synthesized 10 new camptothecin derivatives from 10-HCPT or SN-38. The activities of new compounds were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The most promising compound F10, 7-ethyl-10-(2-oxo-2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy)camptothecin, inhibited cancer cells growth with the IC50 of 0.002, 0.003, 0.011 and 0.081 μM on Raji, HCT116, A549 and Lovo cells, respectively. Meanwhile, oral administration of F10 remarkably suppressed the HCT116-xenograft tumor growth in the nude-mice model at the dosage of 0.5, 2.0 and 8.0 mg/kg in vivo. Intraperitoneal administration of F10 can completely inhibit Raji-xenograft tumor growth in established NPG mouse model at 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg. In addition, the minimum lethal doses of F10 and SN-38 in mice by intravenous administration were 80 and 40 mg/kg (or 0.155, 0.102 mmol/kg), respectively. The solubility of F10 reached 9.86 μg/mL in a buffer solution of pH 4.5. The oral bioavailability of F10 achieved 22.4% in mice. The molecular docking model revealed that F10 can interact with topoisomerase I-DNA complex. Our findings indicate that F10 is a new orally-oavailable antitumor agent with potent anticancer effect. Furthermore, attaching a ring hydrophobic moiety to the 10-position of camptothecin provides a favorable approach in the optimization of camptothecin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Fan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Yong-Xiao Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Guang-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD, Linyi, Shandong, 276000, PR China
| | - Hao Lei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Mawusse K I Attiogbe
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Jing-Chun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD, Linyi, Shandong, 276000, PR China
| | - Xue-Yan Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Yan-Jie Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Hei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD, Linyi, Shandong, 276000, PR China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Du
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Gui-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD, Linyi, Shandong, 276000, PR China
| | - San-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
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20
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Han Z, Zhang Z, Li W, Du Z, Tao B, Da C, Jiao Z, Chen H, Li Y. Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Double C(sp
2
)−H Functionalizations of Fumaramides with Alkynes for the Divergent Synthesis of Pyridones and Naphthyridinediones. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Jian Han
- The Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province Department of Tumor Center Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou 730030 P.R. China
| | - Ze‐Xuan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Lab of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Wei‐Ping Li
- School of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Lab of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
- Gansu Chemical Industry Research Institute Co. LTD Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| | - Zhi‐Hong Du
- School of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Lab of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Bao‐Xiu Tao
- School of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Lab of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Chao‐Shan Da
- School of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Lab of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Zuo‐Yi Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province Department of Tumor Center Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou 730030 P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- The Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province Department of Tumor Center Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou 730030 P.R. China
| | - Yumin Li
- The Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province Department of Tumor Center Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou 730030 P.R. China
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21
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Wang E, Liu H, Wang J, Weng G, Sun H, Wang Z, Kang Y, Hou T. Development and Evaluation of MM/GBSA Based on a Variable Dielectric GB Model for Predicting Protein–Ligand Binding Affinities. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:5353-5365. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ercheng Wang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Junmei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Gaoqi Weng
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Huiyong Sun
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
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22
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Xiao L, Xu J, Weng Q, Zhou L, Wang M, Liu M, Li Q. Mechanism of a Novel Camptothecin-Deoxycholic Acid Derivate Induced Apoptosis against Human Liver Cancer HepG2 Cells and Human Colon Cancer HCT116 Cells. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2019; 14:370-382. [PMID: 31644410 DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666191016162346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Camptothecin (CPT) is known as an anticancer drug in traditional Chinese medicine. However, due to the lack of targeting, low solubility, and instability of CPT, its therapeutic applications are hampered. Therefore, we synthesized a series of CPT-bile acid analogues that obtained a national patent to improve their tumour-targeting chemotherapeutic effects on liver or colon cancers. Among these analogues, the compound G2 shows high antitumor activity with enhanced liver targeting and improved oral absorption. It is significant to further investigate the possible anticancer mechanism of G2 for its further clinical research and application. OBJECTIVE We aimed to unearth the anticancer mechanism of G2 in HepG2 and HCT116 cells. METHODS Cell viability was measured using MTT assay; cell cycle, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP), and cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometer; ROS was measured by Fluorescent Microplate Reader; the mRNA and protein levels of cell cycle-related and apoptosis-associated proteins were examined by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. RESULTS We found that G2 inhibited cells proliferation of HepG2 and HCT116 remarkably in a dosedependent manner. Moreover, G2-treatment led to S and G2/M phase arrest in both cells, which could be elucidated by the change of mRNA levels of p21, p27 and Cyclin E and the increased protein level of p21. G2 also induced dramatically ROS accumulated and MMP decreased, which contributed to the apoptosis through activation of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways via changing the genes and proteins expression involved in apoptosis pathway in both of HepG2 and HCT116 cells. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that the apoptosis in both cell lines induced by G2 was related to the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxia Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialin Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Weng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leilei Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Abstract
Twenty-five years ago, the cytotoxic drug irinotecan (IRT) was first approved in Japan for the treatment of cancer. For more than two decades, the IRT prodrug has largely contributed to the treatment of solid tumors worldwide. Nowadays, this camptothecin derivative targeting topoisomerase 1 remains largely used in combination regimen, like FOLFIRI and FOLFIRINOX, to treat metastatic or advanced solid tumors, such as colon, gastric and pancreatic cancers and others. This review highlights recent discoveries in the field of IRT and its derivatives, including analogues of the active metabolite SN38 (such as FL118), the recently approved liposomal form Nal-IRI and SN38-based immuno-conjugates currently in development (such as sacituzumab govitecan). New information about the IRT mechanism of action are presented, including the discovery of a new protein target, the single-stranded DNA-binding protein FUBP1. Significant progress has been made also to better understand and manage the main limiting toxicities of IRT, chiefly neutropenia and diarrhea. The role of drug-induced inflammation and dysbiosis is underlined and strategies to limit the intestinal toxicity of IRT are discussed (use of β-glucuronidase inhibitors, plant extracts, probiotics). The detailed knowledge of the metabolism of IRT has enabled the identification of potential biomarkers to guide patient selection and to limit drug-induced toxicities, but no robust IRT-specific therapeutic biomarker has been approved yet. IRT is a versatile chemotherapeutic agent which combines well with a variety of anticancer drugs. It offers a large range of drug combinations with cytotoxic agents, targeted products and immuno-active biotherapeutics, to treat a variety of advanced solid carcinoma, sarcoma and cancers with progressive central nervous system diseases. A quarter of century after its first launch, IRT remains an essential anticancer drug, largely prescribed, useful to many patients and scientifically inspiring.
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24
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Montaruli M, Alberga D, Ciriaco F, Trisciuzzi D, Tondo AR, Mangiatordi GF, Nicolotti O. Accelerating Drug Discovery by Early Protein Drug Target Prediction Based on a Multi-Fingerprint Similarity Search. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122233. [PMID: 31207991 PMCID: PMC6631269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this continuing work, we have updated our recently proposed Multi-fingerprint Similarity Search algorithm (MuSSel) by enabling the generation of dominant ionized species at a physiological pH and the exploration of a larger data domain, which included more than half a million high-quality small molecules extracted from the latest release of ChEMBL (version 24.1, at the time of writing). Provided with a high biological assay confidence score, these selected compounds explored up to 2822 protein drug targets. To improve the data accuracy, samples marked as prodrugs or with equivocal biological annotations were not considered. Notably, MuSSel performances were overall improved by using an object-relational database management system based on PostgreSQL. In order to challenge the real effectiveness of MuSSel in predicting relevant therapeutic drug targets, we analyzed a pool of 36 external bioactive compounds published in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry from October to December 2018. This study demonstrates that the use of highly curated chemical and biological experimental data on one side, and a powerful multi-fingerprint search algorithm on the other, can be of the utmost importance in addressing the fate of newly conceived small molecules, by strongly reducing the attrition of early phases of drug discovery programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Montaruli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Domenico Alberga
- Cineca, Via Magnanelli 6/3, 40033 Casalecchio di Reno, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Ciriaco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Daniela Trisciuzzi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Anna Rita Tondo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via la Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
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25
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Yang Q, Tan T, Zhao J, Zhou C, Guo C, Wan Z, Song X, Gong T. A reversible decomposition approach for the formation of injectable, excipient-free, self-assembling nanocrystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3144-3147. [PMID: 30801073 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc10191d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A chemical procedure to generate excipient-free SN38 nanocrystals with greater efficacy and less toxicity than CPT-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Tiantian Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Juan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Chuchu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Chenqi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Zhuoya Wan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Xu Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| |
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