1
|
Mondru AK, Wilkinson B, Aljasir MA, Alrumayh A, Greaves G, Emmett M, Albohairi S, Pritchard-Jones R, Cross MJ. The ERK5 pathway in BRAFV600E melanoma cells plays a role in development of acquired resistance to dabrafenib but not vemurafenib. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:2011-2027. [PMID: 38977937 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma, an aggressive skin cancer with a poor prognosis, frequently features BRAFV600E mutation resulting in activation of the MAPK pathway and melanocyte proliferation and survival. BRAFV600E inhibitors like vemurafenib and dabrafenib have enhanced patient survival, yet drug resistance remains a significant challenge. We investigated the role of the ERK5 pathway in BRAFV600E melanoma cells and cells with acquired resistance to PLX4720 (vemurafenib) and dabrafenib. In BRAFV600E melanoma, ERK5 inhibition minimally affected viability compared to ERK1/2 inhibition. In vemurafenib-resistant cells, ERK5 inhibition alone didn't impact viability or restore drug sensitivity to vemurafenib. However, in dabrafenib-resistant cells, ERK5 inhibition reduced viability and enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of MEK1/2 inhibition. Targeting the ERK5 pathway may represent a therapeutic opportunity in dabrafenib-resistant melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Mondru
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Beth Wilkinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Mohammad A Aljasir
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Ahmed Alrumayh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Georgia Greaves
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Maxine Emmett
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Saad Albohairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Rowan Pritchard-Jones
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael J Cross
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wen L, Liu Z, Zhou L, Liu Z, Li Q, Geng B, Xia Y. Bone and Extracellular Signal-Related Kinase 5 (ERK5). Biomolecules 2024; 14:556. [PMID: 38785963 PMCID: PMC11117709 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bones are vital for anchoring muscles, tendons, and ligaments, serving as a fundamental element of the human skeletal structure. However, our understanding of bone development mechanisms and the maintenance of bone homeostasis is still limited. Extracellular signal-related kinase 5 (ERK5), a recently identified member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases, especially neoplasms. Recent studies have highlighted ERK5's significant role in both bone development and bone-associated pathologies. This review offers a detailed examination of the latest research on ERK5 in different tissues and diseases, with a particular focus on its implications for bone health. It also examines therapeutic strategies and future research avenues targeting ERK5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.W.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Zirui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.W.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Libo Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.W.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.W.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Qingda Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.W.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.W.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (L.W.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Q, Gao X, Duan X, Liang H, Gao M, Dong D, Guo C, Huang L. Design, synthesis and SAR of novel 7-azaindole derivatives as potential Erk5 kinase inhibitor with anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 95:117503. [PMID: 37862935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (Erk5) signaling plays a crucial role in cancer, and regulating its activity may have potential in cancer chemotherapy. In this study, a series of novel 7-azaindole derivatives (4a-5o) were designed and synthesized. Their antitumor activities on human lung cancer A549 cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and colony formation assay. Among them, compounds 4a, 4 h, 5d and 5j exhibited good anti-proliferative activity with the IC50 values of 6.23 µg/mL, 8.52 µg/mL, 7.33 µg/mL and 4.56 µg/mL, respectively, equivalent to Erk5 positive control XMD8-92 (IC50 = 5.36 µg/mL). The results of structure-activity relationships (SAR) showed that double bond on the piperidine ring and N atoms at the N7 position of 7-azaindole was essential for their antiproliferative activity. Furthermore, compounds 4a and 5j exhibited good inhibition on Erk5 kinase through Western blot analysis and possible action site of compounds with Erk5 kinase was elucidated by molecular docking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xintao Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiyu Duan
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Han Liang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Dianquan Dong
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Longjiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042 Qingdao, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hwang J, Moon H, Kim H, Kim KY. Identification of a Novel ERK5 (MAPK7) Inhibitor, MHJ-627, and Verification of Its Potent Anticancer Efficacy in Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6154-6169. [PMID: 37504304 PMCID: PMC10377775 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, is involved in key cellular processes. However, overexpression and upregulation of ERK5 have been reported in various cancers, and ERK5 is associated with almost every biological characteristic of cancer cells. Accordingly, ERK5 has become a novel target for the development of anticancer drugs as inhibition of ERK5 shows suppressive effects of the deleterious properties of cancer cells. Herein, we report the synthesis and identification of a novel ERK5 inhibitor, MHJ-627, and verify its potent anticancer efficacy in a yeast model and the cervical cancer HeLa cell line. MHJ-627 successfully inhibited the kinase activity of ERK5 (IC50: 0.91 μM) and promoted the mRNA expression of tumor suppressors and anti-metastatic genes. Moreover, we observed significant cancer cell death, accompanied by a reduction in mRNA levels of the cell proliferation marker, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), following ERK5 inhibition due to MHJ-627 treatment. We expect this finding to serve as a lead compound for further identification of inhibitors for ERK5-directed novel approaches for oncotherapy with increased specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghye Hwang
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Moon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakwon Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Kim
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sánchez-Fdez A, Matilla-Almazán S, Del Carmen S, Abad M, Arconada-Luque E, Jiménez-Suárez J, Chinchilla-Tábora LM, Ruíz-Hidalgo MJ, Sánchez-Prieto R, Pandiella A, Esparís-Ogando A. Etiopathogenic role of ERK5 signaling in sarcoma: prognostic and therapeutic implications. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1247-1257. [PMID: 37332046 PMCID: PMC10317974 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas constitute a heterogeneous group of rare and difficult-to-treat tumors that can affect people of all ages, representing one of the most common forms of cancer in childhood and adolescence. Little is known about the molecular entities involved in sarcomagenesis. Therefore, the identification of processes that lead to the development of the disease may uncover novel therapeutic opportunities. Here, we show that the MEK5/ERK5 signaling pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of sarcomas. By developing a mouse model engineered to express a constitutively active form of MEK5, we demonstrate that the exclusive activation of the MEK5/ERK5 pathway can promote sarcomagenesis. Histopathological analyses identified these tumors as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas. Bioinformatic studies revealed that sarcomas are the tumors in which ERK5 is most frequently amplified and overexpressed. Moreover, analysis of the impact of ERK5 protein expression on overall survival in patients diagnosed with different sarcoma types in our local hospital showed a 5-fold decrease in median survival in patients with elevated ERK5 expression compared with those with low expression. Pharmacological and genetic studies revealed that targeting the MEK5/ERK5 pathway drastically affects the proliferation of human sarcoma cells and tumor growth. Interestingly, sarcoma cells with knockout of ERK5 or MEK5 were unable to form tumors when engrafted into mice. Taken together, our results reveal a role of the MEK5/ERK5 pathway in sarcomagenesis and open a new scenario to be considered in the treatment of patients with sarcoma in which the ERK5 pathway is pathophysiologically involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Sánchez-Fdez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC)-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sofía Matilla-Almazán
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC)-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sofía Del Carmen
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departmento de Patología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mar Abad
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departmento de Patología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Elena Arconada-Luque
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jaime Jiménez-Suárez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Chinchilla-Tábora
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Departmento de Patología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mª José Ruíz-Hidalgo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBM-CSIC)-Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Albacete, Spain
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC)-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Azucena Esparís-Ogando
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC)-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tusa I, Menconi A, Tubita A, Rovida E. Pathophysiological Impact of the MEK5/ERK5 Pathway in Oxidative Stress. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081154. [PMID: 37190064 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress regulates many physiological and pathological processes. Indeed, a low increase in the basal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is essential for various cellular functions, including signal transduction, gene expression, cell survival or death, as well as antioxidant capacity. However, if the amount of generated ROS overcomes the antioxidant capacity, excessive ROS results in cellular dysfunctions as a consequence of damage to cellular components, including DNA, lipids and proteins, and may eventually lead to cell death or carcinogenesis. Both in vitro and in vivo investigations have shown that activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (MEK5/ERK5) pathway is frequently involved in oxidative stress-elicited effects. In particular, accumulating evidence identified a prominent role of this pathway in the anti-oxidative response. In this respect, activation of krüppel-like factor 2/4 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 emerged among the most frequent events in ERK5-mediated response to oxidative stress. This review summarizes what is known about the role of the MEK5/ERK5 pathway in the response to oxidative stress in pathophysiological contexts within the cardiovascular, respiratory, lymphohematopoietic, urinary and central nervous systems. The possible beneficial or detrimental effects exerted by the MEK5/ERK5 pathway in the above systems are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignazia Tusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Menconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tubita
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Miller D, Harnor SJ, Martin MP, Noble RA, Wedge SR, Cano C. Modulation of ERK5 Activity as a Therapeutic Anti-Cancer Strategy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4491-4502. [PMID: 37002872 PMCID: PMC10108346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) signaling pathway is one of four conventional mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways. Genetic perturbation of ERK5 has suggested that modulation of ERK5 activity may have therapeutic potential in cancer chemotherapy. This Miniperspective examines the evidence for ERK5 as a drug target in cancer, the structure of ERK5, and the evolution of structurally distinct chemotypes of ERK5 kinase domain inhibitors. The emerging complexities of ERK5 pharmacology are discussed, including the confounding phenomenon of paradoxical ERK5 activation by small-molecule ERK5 inhibitors. The impact of the recent development and biological evaluation of potent and selective bifunctional degraders of ERK5 and future opportunities in ERK modulation are also explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duncan
C. Miller
- Cancer
Research Horizons Therapeutic Innovation, Newcastle Drug Discovery
Group, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, School of Natural and
Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Suzannah J. Harnor
- Cancer
Research Horizons Therapeutic Innovation, Newcastle Drug Discovery
Group, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, School of Natural and
Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Mathew P. Martin
- Cancer
Research Horizons Therapeutic Innovation, Newcastle Drug Discovery
Group, Translational and Clinical Research
Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A. Noble
- Cancer
Research Horizons Therapeutic Innovation, Newcastle Drug Discovery
Group, Translational and Clinical Research
Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen R. Wedge
- Cancer
Research Horizons Therapeutic Innovation, Newcastle Drug Discovery
Group, Translational and Clinical Research
Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Cano
- Cancer
Research Horizons Therapeutic Innovation, Newcastle Drug Discovery
Group, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, School of Natural and
Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wydra VR, Ditzinger RB, Seidler NJ, Hacker FW, Laufer SA. A patent review of MAPK inhibitors (2018 - present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:421-444. [PMID: 37501497 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2242584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family consist of p38 MAP kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs). They are involved in a multitude of diseases, including inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases as well as cancer. In recent years, further developments in the field of MAPK-inhibitors have been reported, including an isoform or downstream target selective inhibition of MAPKs as well as target protein degradation approaches. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes newly patented MAPK-inhibitors that were claimed between 2018 and early 2023. Presented are the patents as well as their corresponding publications, the storyline of development, and clinical trials involving these compounds. This article elaborates a total of 27 patents, which were identified using established search engines. EXPERT OPINION Although industrial research on MAPK-inhibitors has been ongoing for more than 20 years, novel clinical trials of MAPK-inhibitors as potential drug candidates are still being conducted in the period under review. Recently reported inhibitors show an excellent selectivity profile and are even achieving selectivity between closely related isoforms. This progression offers the possibility to eliminate unwanted side effects and may finally lead to the approval of the first MAPK-inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin R Wydra
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Raphael B Ditzinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nico J Seidler
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frederik W Hacker
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan A Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery & Development (Tücad2), Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
You I, Donovan KA, Krupnick NM, Boghossian AS, Rees MG, Ronan MM, Roth JA, Fischer ES, Wang ES, Gray NS. Acute pharmacological degradation of ERK5 does not inhibit cellular immune response or proliferation. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1630-1638.e7. [PMID: 36220104 PMCID: PMC9675722 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent interest in the role that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) plays in various diseases, particularly cancer and inflammation, has grown. Phenotypes observed from genetic knockdown or deletion of ERK5 suggested that targeting ERK5 could have therapeutic potential in various disease settings, motivating the development ATP-competitive ERK5 inhibitors. However, these inhibitors were unable to recapitulate the effects of genetic loss of ERK5, suggesting that ERK5 may have key kinase-independent roles. To investigate potential non-catalytic functions of ERK5, we report the development of INY-06-061, a potent and selective heterobifunctional degrader of ERK5. In contrast to results reported through genetic knockdown of ERK5, INY-06-061-induced ERK5 degradation did not induce anti-proliferative effects in multiple cancer cell lines or suppress inflammatory responses in primary endothelial cells. Thus, we developed and characterized a chemical tool useful for validating phenotypes reported to be associated with genetic ERK5 ablation and for guiding future ERK5-directed drug discovery efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inchul You
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Chem-H and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Katherine A Donovan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Noah M Krupnick
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Matthew G Rees
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Melissa M Ronan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jennifer A Roth
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Eric S Fischer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eric S Wang
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Chem-H and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Arconada-Luque E, Jiménez-Suarez J, Pascual-Serra R, Nam-Cha SH, Moline T, Cimas FJ, Fliquete G, Ortega-Muelas M, Roche O, Fernández-Aroca DM, Muñoz Velasco R, García-Flores N, Garnés-García C, Sánchez-Fdez A, Matilla-Almazán S, Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo VJ, Hernández-Losa J, Belandia B, Pandiella A, Esparís-Ogando A, Ramón y Cajal S, del Peso L, Sánchez-Prieto R, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ. ERK5 Is a Major Determinant of Chemical Sarcomagenesis: Implications in Human Pathology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143509. [PMID: 35884568 PMCID: PMC9316148 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sarcoma is a heterogeneous group of tumors poorly studied with few therapeutic opportunities. Interestingly, the role of MAPKs still remains unclear in sarcomatous pathology. Here, we describe for the first time the critical role of ERK5 in the biology of soft tissue sarcoma by using in vitro and in vivo approaches in a murine experimental model of chemical sarcomagenesis. Indeed, our observations were extrapolated to a short series of human leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcomas. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis allows us to demonstrate the critical role of KLF2 in the biological effects of ERK5. Therefore, the data presented here open new windows in the diagnosis and therapy of soft tissue sarcomas. Abstract Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors in which the role of ERK5 is poorly studied. To clarify the role of this MAPK in sarcomatous pathology, we used a murine 3-methyl-cholanthrene (3MC)-induced sarcoma model. Our data show that 3MC induces pleomorphic sarcomas with muscle differentiation, showing an increased expression of ERK5. Indeed, this upregulation was also observed in human sarcomas of muscular origin, such as leiomyosarcoma or rhabdomyosarcoma. Moreover, in cell lines derived from these 3MC-induced tumors, abrogation of Mapk7 expression by using specific shRNAs decreased in vitro growth and colony-forming capacity and led to a marked loss of tumor growth in vivo. In fact, transcriptomic profiling in ERK5 abrogated cell lines by RNAseq showed a deregulated gene expression pattern for key biological processes such as angiogenesis, migration, motility, etc., correlating with a better prognostic in human pathology. Finally, among the various differentially expressed genes, Klf2 is a key mediator of the biological effects of ERK5 as indicated by its specific interference, demonstrating that the ERK5–KLF2 axis is an important determinant of sarcoma biology that should be further studied in human pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Arconada-Luque
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Jaime Jiménez-Suarez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Raquel Pascual-Serra
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Syong Hyun Nam-Cha
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General de Albacete, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Teresa Moline
- Grupo de Patología Molecular Traslacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (G.F.); (J.H.-L.); (S.R.y.C.)
| | - Francisco J. Cimas
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Servicio de Instrumentación Biomédica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Germán Fliquete
- Grupo de Patología Molecular Traslacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (G.F.); (J.H.-L.); (S.R.y.C.)
| | - Marta Ortega-Muelas
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Olga Roche
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Diego M. Fernández-Aroca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Raúl Muñoz Velasco
- Grupo de Oncología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (V.J.S.-A.L.)
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia García-Flores
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Cristina Garnés-García
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Adrián Sánchez-Fdez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (S.M.-A.); (A.P.); (A.E.-O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sofía Matilla-Almazán
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (S.M.-A.); (A.P.); (A.E.-O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Víctor J. Sánchez-Arévalo Lobo
- Grupo de Oncología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.V.); (V.J.S.-A.L.)
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Losa
- Grupo de Patología Molecular Traslacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (G.F.); (J.H.-L.); (S.R.y.C.)
| | - Borja Belandia
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (S.M.-A.); (A.P.); (A.E.-O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Azucena Esparís-Ogando
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (S.M.-A.); (A.P.); (A.E.-O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Santiago Ramón y Cajal
- Grupo de Patología Molecular Traslacional, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Centro de Investigación Biomédica en RED de Cancer CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (G.F.); (J.H.-L.); (S.R.y.C.)
| | - Luis del Peso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias CIBERES, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBM-CSIC)-Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - María José Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (E.A.-L.); (J.J.-S.); (R.P.-S.); (M.O.-M.); (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (N.G.-F.); (C.G.-G.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Miller D, Reuillon T, Molyneux L, Blackburn T, Cook SJ, Edwards N, Endicott JA, Golding BT, Griffin RJ, Hardcastle I, Harnor SJ, Heptinstall A, Lochhead P, Martin MP, Martin NC, Myers S, Newell DR, Noble RA, Phillips N, Rigoreau L, Thomas H, Tucker JA, Wang LZ, Waring MJ, Wong AC, Wedge SR, Noble MEM, Cano C. Parallel Optimization of Potency and Pharmacokinetics Leading to the Discovery of a Pyrrole Carboxamide ERK5 Kinase Domain Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6513-6540. [PMID: 35468293 PMCID: PMC9109144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The nonclassical extracellular signal-related kinase 5 (ERK5) mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway has been implicated in increased cellular proliferation, migration, survival, and angiogenesis; hence, ERK5 inhibition may be an attractive approach for cancer treatment. However, the development of selective ERK5 inhibitors has been challenging. Previously, we described the development of a pyrrole carboxamide high-throughput screening hit into a selective, submicromolar inhibitor of ERK5 kinase activity. Improvement in the ERK5 potency was necessary for the identification of a tool ERK5 inhibitor for target validation studies. Herein, we describe the optimization of this series to identify nanomolar pyrrole carboxamide inhibitors of ERK5 incorporating a basic center, which suffered from poor oral bioavailability. Parallel optimization of potency and in vitro pharmacokinetic parameters led to the identification of a nonbasic pyrazole analogue with an optimal balance of ERK5 inhibition and oral exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duncan
C. Miller
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Tristan Reuillon
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Lauren Molyneux
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Timothy Blackburn
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Simon J. Cook
- Signalling
Laboratory, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K.
| | - Noel Edwards
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Jane A. Endicott
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Bernard T. Golding
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Roger J. Griffin
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Ian Hardcastle
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Suzannah J. Harnor
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Amy Heptinstall
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Pamela Lochhead
- Signalling
Laboratory, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K.
| | - Mathew P. Martin
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Nick C. Martin
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Stephanie Myers
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - David R. Newell
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Richard A. Noble
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Nicole Phillips
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Laurent Rigoreau
- Cancer
Research UK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, Jonas Webb Building, Babraham Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire CB22 3AT, U.K.
| | - Huw Thomas
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Julie A. Tucker
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Lan-Zhen Wang
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Michael J. Waring
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Ai-Ching Wong
- Cancer
Research UK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College Street, London NW1 0NH, U.K.
| | - Stephen R. Wedge
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Martin E. M. Noble
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Paul O’Gorman Building, Medical School,
Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Celine Cano
- Cancer
Research UK Newcastle Drug Discovery Unit, Newcastle University Centre
for Cancer, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pan X, Pei J, Wang A, Shuai W, Feng L, Bu F, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Wang G, Ouyang L. Development of small molecule extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) inhibitors for cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:2171-2192. [PMID: 35646548 PMCID: PMC9136582 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway is widely activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli, and its dysregulation is associated with the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells. ERK1/2 is located at the distal end of this pathway and rarely undergoes mutations, making it an attractive target for anticancer drug development. Currently, an increasing number of ERK1/2 inhibitors have been designed and synthesized for antitumor therapy, among which representative compounds have entered clinical trials. When ERK1/2 signal transduction is eliminated, ERK5 may provide a bypass route to rescue proliferation, and weaken the potency of ERK1/2 inhibitors. Therefore, drug research targeting ERK5 or based on the compensatory mechanism of ERK5 for ERK1/2 opens up a new way for oncotherapy. This review provides an overview of the physiological and biological functions of ERKs, focuses on the structure-activity relationships of small molecule inhibitors targeting ERKs, with a view to providing guidance for future drug design and optimization, and discusses the potential therapeutic strategies to overcome drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junping Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Aoxue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Faqian Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
| | - Guan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang L, Ji X, Mao C, Yu R. BAY-885, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 inhibitor, induces apoptosis by regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress/Mcl-1/Bim pathway in breast cancer cells. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12888-12898. [PMID: 35609325 PMCID: PMC9275924 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2078557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 (MEK5)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) axis has been reported to promote tumorigenesis in breast cancer (BC). Therefore, targeting the MEK5/ERK5 axis is a potential strategy against BC. BAY-885 is a novel inhibitor of ERK5; however, to date, its anti-tumor effects in BC have not been investigated. This study aimed to assess the anti-tumor effects of BAY-885 in BC and identify its underlying mechanisms of action. Unlike other ERK5 inhibitors, which frequently failed to mimic ERK5 genetic ablation phenotypes, the BAY-885 treatment effectively recapitulated ERK5 depletion effects in BC cells. Results revealed that BAY-885 affected the viability and induced apoptosis in BC cells. Moreover, the BAY-885-mediated downregulation of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and upregulation of Bim were dependent on ERK5 inhibition. Furthermore, BAY-885 triggered activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which further led to the upregulation of Bim and downregulation of Mcl-1. ER stress was induced in an ERK5 inhibition-dependent manner. These findings suggested that BAY-885 induced apoptosis in BC cells via ER stress/Mcl-1/Bim axis, suggesting that BAY-885 may serve as a therapeutic agent for BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Ningbo Medical Centre, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Xiaochun Ji
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Ningbo Medical Centre, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo
| | - Chenxiao Mao
- Department of Electronic Commerce, Zhejiang Fashion Institute of Technology, Ningbo
| | - Rui Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mowat J, Ehrmann AHM, Christian S, Sperl C, Menz S, Günther J, Hillig RC, Bauser M, Schwede W. Identification of the Highly Active, Species Cross-Reactive Complex I Inhibitor BAY-179. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:348-357. [PMID: 35300083 PMCID: PMC8919281 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key regulators of energy supply and cell death. Generation of ATP within mitochondria occurs through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), a process which utilizes the four complexes (complex I-IV) of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase. Certain oncogenic mutations (e.g., LKB1 or mIDH) can further enhance the reliance of cancer cells on OXPHOS for their energetic requirements, rendering cells sensitive to complex I inhibition and highlighting the potential value of complex I as a therapeutic target. Herein, we describe the discovery of a potent, selective, and species cross-reactive complex I inhibitor. A high-throughput screen of the Bayer compound library followed by hit triaging and initial hit-to-lead activities led to a lead structure which was further optimized in a comprehensive lead optimization campaign. Focusing on balancing potency and metabolic stability, this program resulted in the identification of BAY-179, an excellent in vivo suitable tool with which to probe the biological relevance of complex I inhibition in cancer indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Mowat
- Pharmaceuticals R&D, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Carolyn Sperl
- Pharmaceuticals R&D, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Menz
- Pharmaceuticals R&D, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Marcus Bauser
- Pharmaceuticals R&D, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Niu Y, Ji H. Current developments in extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) inhibitors. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:1464-1473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
16
|
Hofmann PE, Meinecke J, Harms K, Koert U. Synthesis and Functionalization of C6/C7 Substituted Pyrido[3,2‐
d
]pyrimidines. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp E. Hofmann
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein Straße 4 35032 Marburg
| | - Jannick Meinecke
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein Straße 4 35032 Marburg
| | - Klaus Harms
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein Straße 4 35032 Marburg
| | - Ulrich Koert
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein Straße 4 35032 Marburg
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wortmann L, Bräuer N, Holton SJ, Irlbacher H, Weiske J, Lechner C, Meier R, Karén J, Siöberg CB, Pütter V, Christ CD, Ter Laak A, Lienau P, Lesche R, Nicke B, Cheung SH, Bauser M, Haegebarth A, von Nussbaum F, Mumberg D, Lemos C. Discovery and Characterization of the Potent and Highly Selective 1,7-Naphthyridine-Based Inhibitors BAY-091 and BAY-297 of the Kinase PIP4K2A. J Med Chem 2021; 64:15883-15911. [PMID: 34699202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PIP4K2A is an insufficiently studied type II lipid kinase that catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate (PI5P) into phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI4,5P2). The involvement of PIP4K2A/B in cancer has been suggested, particularly in the context of p53 mutant/null tumors. PIP4K2A/B depletion has been shown to induce tumor growth inhibition, possibly due to hyperactivation of AKT and reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis. Herein, we report the identification of the novel potent and highly selective inhibitors BAY-091 and BAY-297 of the kinase PIP4K2A by high-throughput screening and subsequent structure-based optimization. Cellular target engagement of BAY-091 and BAY-297 was demonstrated using cellular thermal shift assay technology. However, inhibition of PIP4K2A with BAY-091 or BAY-297 did not translate into the hypothesized mode of action and antiproliferative activity in p53-deficient tumor cells. Therefore, BAY-091 and BAY-297 serve as valuable chemical probes to study PIP4K2A signaling and its involvement in pathophysiological conditions such as cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Wortmann
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nico Bräuer
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon J Holton
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Horst Irlbacher
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Weiske
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Lechner
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin Meier
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Karén
- Pelago Bioscience AB, Banvaktsvägen 20, 171 48 Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Vera Pütter
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clara D Christ
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonius Ter Laak
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Lienau
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Lesche
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Nicke
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shing-Hu Cheung
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Bauser
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Haegebarth
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franz von Nussbaum
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clara Lemos
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ortega-Muelas M, Roche O, Fernández-Aroca DM, Encinar JA, Albandea-Rodríguez D, Arconada-Luque E, Pascual-Serra R, Muñoz I, Sánchez-Pérez I, Belandia B, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Sánchez-Prieto R. ERK5 signalling pathway is a novel target of sorafenib: Implication in EGF biology. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10591-10603. [PMID: 34655447 PMCID: PMC8581332 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor widely used in cancer therapy with an antitumour effect related to biological processes as proliferation, migration or invasion, among others. Initially designed as a Raf inhibitor, Sorafenib was later shown to also block key molecules in tumour progression such as VEGFR and PDGFR. In addition, sorafenib has been connected with key signalling pathways in cancer such as EGFR/EGF. However, no definitive clue about the molecular mechanism linking sorafenib and EGF signalling pathway has been established so far. Our data in HeLa, U2OS, A549 and HEK293T cells, based on in silico, chemical and genetic approaches demonstrate that the MEK5/ERK5 signalling pathway is a novel target of sorafenib. In addition, our data show how sorafenib is able to block MEK5-dependent phosphorylation of ERK5 in the Ser218/Tyr220, affecting the transcriptional activation associated with ERK5. Moreover, we demonstrate that some of the effects of this kinase inhibitor onto EGF biological responses, such as progression through cell cycle or migration, are mediated through the effect exerted onto ERK5 signalling pathway. Therefore, our observations describe a novel target of sorafenib, the ERK5 signalling pathway, and establish new mechanistic insights for the antitumour effect of this multikinase inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ortega-Muelas
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Olga Roche
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Diego M Fernández-Aroca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - José A Encinar
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología de Elche (IDiBE) e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Elche, Spain
| | - David Albandea-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Unidad asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Arconada-Luque
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Raquel Pascual-Serra
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ismael Muñoz
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Unidad asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Sánchez-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Unidad asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Belandia
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Unidad asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain.,Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBM-CSIC)-Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Albacete, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Han Y, Zhang H, Wang S, Li B, Xing K, Shi Y, Cao H, Zhang J, Tong T, Zang J, Guan L, Gao X, Wang Y, Liu D, Huang M, Jing Y, Zhao L. Optimization of 4,6-Disubstituted Pyrido[3,2- d]pyrimidines as Dual MNK/PIM Inhibitors to Inhibit Leukemia Cell Growth. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13719-13735. [PMID: 34515481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinases (MNKs) and provirus integration in maloney murine leukemia virus kinases (PIMs) are downstream enzymes of cell proliferation signaling pathways associated with the resistance of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. MNKs and PIMs have complementary effects to regulate cap-dependent translation of oncoproteins. Dual inhibitors of MNKs and PIMs have not been developed. We developed a novel 4,6-disubstituted pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine compound 21o with selective inhibition of MNKs and PIMs. The IC50's of 21o to inhibit MNK1 and MNK2 are 1 and 7 nM and those to inhibit PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3 are 43, 232, and 774 nM, respectively. 21o inhibits the growth of myeloid leukemia K562 and MOLM-13 cells with GI50's of 2.1 and 1.2 μM, respectively. 21o decreases the levels of p-eIF4E and p-4EBP1, the downstream products of MNKs and PIMs, as well as cap-dependent proteins c-myc, cyclin D1, and Mcl-1. 21o inhibits the growth of MOLM-13 cell xenografts without causing evident toxicity. 21o represents an innovative dual MNK/PIM inhibitor with a good pharmacokinetic profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Targeting Drugs for Hematological Malignancies, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shuxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kun Xing
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuntao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hongxue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tong Tong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jie Zang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lihong Guan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Gao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Targeting Drugs for Hematological Malignancies, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuetong Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Targeting Drugs for Hematological Malignancies, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Min Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongkui Jing
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Targeting Drugs for Hematological Malignancies, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Linxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Small molecule ERK5 kinase inhibitors paradoxically activate ERK5 signalling: be careful what you wish for…. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1859-1875. [PMID: 32915196 PMCID: PMC7609025 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ERK5 is a protein kinase that also contains a nuclear localisation signal and a transcriptional transactivation domain. Inhibition of ERK5 has therapeutic potential in cancer and inflammation and this has prompted the development of ERK5 kinase inhibitors (ERK5i). However, few ERK5i programmes have taken account of the ERK5 transactivation domain. We have recently shown that the binding of small molecule ERK5i to the ERK5 kinase domain stimulates nuclear localisation and paradoxical activation of its transactivation domain. Other kinase inhibitors paradoxically activate their intended kinase target, in some cases leading to severe physiological consequences highlighting the importance of mitigating these effects. Here, we review the assays used to monitor ERK5 activities (kinase and transcriptional) in cells, the challenges faced in development of small molecule inhibitors to the ERK5 pathway, and classify the molecular mechanisms of paradoxical activation of protein kinases by kinase inhibitors.
Collapse
|
21
|
Tubita A, Tusa I, Rovida E. Playing the Whack-A-Mole Game: ERK5 Activation Emerges Among the Resistance Mechanisms to RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2- Targeted Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:647311. [PMID: 33777953 PMCID: PMC7991100 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.647311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly tailored therapies have opened a new era, chronic myeloid leukemia being the ideal example, in the treatment of cancer. However, available therapeutic options are still unsatisfactory in many types of cancer, and often fail due to the occurrence of resistance mechanisms. With regard to small-molecule compounds targeting the components of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2, these drugs may result ineffective as a consequence of the activation of compensatory pro-survival/proliferative signals, including receptor tyrosine kinases, PI3K, as well as other components of the MAPK family such as TPL2/COT. The MAPK ERK5 has been identified as a key signaling molecule in the biology of several types of cancer. In this review, we report pieces of evidence regarding the activation of the MEK5-ERK5 pathway as a resistance mechanism to RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 inhibitors. We also highlight the known and possible mechanisms underlying the cross-talks between the ERK1/2 and the ERK5 pathways, the characterization of which is of great importance to maximize, in the future, the impact of RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 targeting. Finally, we emphasize the need of developing additional therapeutically relevant MEK5-ERK5 inhibitors to be used for combined treatments, thus preventing the onset of resistance to cancer therapies relying on RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Tubita
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ignazia Tusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Carmell N, Rominiyi O, Myers KN, McGarrity-Cottrell C, Vanderlinden A, Lad N, Perroux-David E, El-Khamisy SF, Fernando M, Finegan KG, Brown S, Collis SJ. Identification and Validation of ERK5 as a DNA Damage Modulating Drug Target in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050944. [PMID: 33668183 PMCID: PMC7956595 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastomas are high-grade brain tumours and are the most common form of malignancy arising in the brain. Patient survival has improved little over the last 40 years, highlighting an urgent unmet need for more effective treatments for these tumours. Current standard-of-care treatment involves surgical removal of as much of the tumour as possible followed by a course of chemo-/radiotherapy. The main chemotherapeutic drug used is called temozolomide, however even with this treatment regimen, the average patient survival following diagnosis is around 15 months. We have identified a protein called ERK5 which is present at higher levels in these high-grade brain tumours compared to normal brain tissue, and which is also associated with resistance to temozolomide and poor patient survival. Additionally, we show that targeting ERK5 in brain tumour cells can improve the effectiveness of temozolomide in killing these tumour cells and offers potential much-needed future clinical benefit to patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. Abstract Brain tumours kill more children and adults under 40 than any other cancer, with approximately half of primary brain tumours being diagnosed as high-grade malignancies known as glioblastomas. Despite de-bulking surgery combined with chemo-/radiotherapy regimens, the mean survival for these patients is only around 15 months, with less than 10% surviving over 5 years. This dismal prognosis highlights the urgent need to develop novel agents to improve the treatment of these tumours. To address this need, we carried out a human kinome siRNA screen to identify potential drug targets that augment the effectiveness of temozolomide (TMZ)—the standard-of-care chemotherapeutic agent used to treat glioblastoma. From this we identified ERK5/MAPK7, which we subsequently validated using a range of siRNA and small molecule inhibitors within a panel of glioma cells. Mechanistically, we find that ERK5 promotes efficient repair of TMZ-induced DNA lesions to confer cell survival and clonogenic capacity. Finally, using several glioblastoma patient cohorts we provide target validation data for ERK5 as a novel drug target, revealing that heightened ERK5 expression at both the mRNA and protein level is associated with increased tumour grade and poorer patient survival. Collectively, these findings provide a foundation to develop clinically effective ERK5 targeting strategies in glioblastomas and establish much-needed enhancement of the therapeutic repertoire used to treat this currently incurable disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Carmell
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK; (N.C.); (O.R.); (K.N.M.); (C.M.-C.); (A.V.); (N.L.); (E.P.-D.)
| | - Ola Rominiyi
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK; (N.C.); (O.R.); (K.N.M.); (C.M.-C.); (A.V.); (N.L.); (E.P.-D.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Katie N. Myers
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK; (N.C.); (O.R.); (K.N.M.); (C.M.-C.); (A.V.); (N.L.); (E.P.-D.)
| | - Connor McGarrity-Cottrell
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK; (N.C.); (O.R.); (K.N.M.); (C.M.-C.); (A.V.); (N.L.); (E.P.-D.)
| | - Aurelie Vanderlinden
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK; (N.C.); (O.R.); (K.N.M.); (C.M.-C.); (A.V.); (N.L.); (E.P.-D.)
| | - Nikita Lad
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK; (N.C.); (O.R.); (K.N.M.); (C.M.-C.); (A.V.); (N.L.); (E.P.-D.)
| | - Eva Perroux-David
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK; (N.C.); (O.R.); (K.N.M.); (C.M.-C.); (A.V.); (N.L.); (E.P.-D.)
| | - Sherif F. El-Khamisy
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA) and the Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Malee Fernando
- Department of Histopathology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
| | - Katherine G. Finegan
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Sheffield RNAi Screening Facility, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
| | - Spencer J. Collis
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK; (N.C.); (O.R.); (K.N.M.); (C.M.-C.); (A.V.); (N.L.); (E.P.-D.)
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA) and the Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)114-215-9043
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lee S, Kim J, Jo J, Chang JW, Sim J, Yun H. Recent advances in development of hetero-bivalent kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 216:113318. [PMID: 33730624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Identifying a pharmacological agent that targets only one of more than 500 kinases present in humans is an important challenge. One potential solution to this problem is the development of bivalent kinase inhibitors, which consist of two connected fragments, each bind to a dissimilar binding site of the bisubstrate enzyme. The main advantage of bivalent (type V) kinase inhibitors is generating more interactions with target enzymes that can enhance the molecules' selectivity and affinity compared to single-site inhibitors. Earlier type V inhibitors were not suitable for the cellular environment and were mostly used in in vitro studies. However, recently developed bivalent compounds have high kinase affinity, high biological and chemical stability in vivo. This review summarized the hetero-bivalent kinase inhibitors described in the literature from 2014 to the present. We attempted to classify the molecules by serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and then each target kinase and its hetero-bivalent inhibitor was assessed in depth. In addition, we discussed the analysis of advantages, limitations, and perspectives of bivalent kinase inhibitors compared with the monovalent kinase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungbeom Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeyun Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Atilaw Y, Poongavanam V, Svensson Nilsson C, Nguyen D, Giese A, Meibom D, Erdelyi M, Kihlberg J. Solution Conformations Shed Light on PROTAC Cell Permeability. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:107-114. [PMID: 33488971 PMCID: PMC7812666 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
Proteolysis
targeting chimeras (PROTACs) induce intracellular degradation
of target proteins. Their bifunctional structure puts degraders in
a chemical space where ADME properties often complicate drug discovery.
Herein we provide the first structural insight into PROTAC cell permeability
obtained by NMR studies of a VHL-based PROTAC (1), which
is cell permeable despite having a high molecular weight and polarity
and a large number of rotatable bonds. We found that 1 populates elongated and polar conformations in solutions that mimic
extra- and intracellular compartments. Conformations were folded and
had a smaller polar surface area in chloroform, mimicking a cell membrane
interior. Formation of intramolecular and nonclassical hydrogen bonds,
π–π interactions, and shielding of amide groups
from solvent all facilitate cell permeability by minimization of size
and polarity. We conclude that molecular chameleonicity appears to
be of major importance for 1 to enter into target cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoseph Atilaw
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Duy Nguyen
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin GmbH, Muellerstrasse 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Giese
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Meibom
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mate Erdelyi
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Kihlberg
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kedika SR, Shukla SP, Udugamasooriya DG. Design of a dual ERK5 kinase activation and autophosphorylation inhibitor to block cancer stem cell activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Lloyd
- Drug & Target Development, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Trünkle C, Lechner C, Korr D, Bouché L, Barak N, Fernández-Montalván A, Süssmuth RD, Reichel A. Concentration Dependence of the Unbound Partition Coefficient Kpuu and Its Application to Correct for Exposure-Related Discrepancies between Biochemical and Cellular Potency of KAT6A Inhibitors. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:553-562. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.090563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
28
|
Eaton JK, Furst L, Ruberto RA, Moosmayer D, Hilpmann A, Ryan MJ, Zimmermann K, Cai LL, Niehues M, Badock V, Kramm A, Chen S, Hillig RC, Clemons PA, Gradl S, Montagnon C, Lazarski KE, Christian S, Bajrami B, Neuhaus R, Eheim AL, Viswanathan VS, Schreiber SL. Selective covalent targeting of GPX4 using masked nitrile-oxide electrophiles. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:497-506. [PMID: 32231343 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-0501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We recently described glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) as a promising target for killing therapy-resistant cancer cells via ferroptosis. The onset of therapy resistance by multiple types of treatment results in a stable cell state marked by high levels of polyunsaturated lipids and an acquired dependency on GPX4. Unfortunately, all existing inhibitors of GPX4 act covalently via a reactive alkyl chloride moiety that confers poor selectivity and pharmacokinetic properties. Here, we report our discovery that masked nitrile-oxide electrophiles, which have not been explored previously as covalent cellular probes, undergo remarkable chemical transformations in cells and provide an effective strategy for selective targeting of GPX4. The new GPX4-inhibiting compounds we describe exhibit unexpected proteome-wide selectivity and, in some instances, vastly improved physiochemical and pharmacokinetic properties compared to existing chloroacetamide-based GPX4 inhibitors. These features make them superior tool compounds for biological interrogation of ferroptosis and constitute starting points for development of improved inhibitors of GPX4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stuart L Schreiber
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cristea S, Coles GL, Hornburg D, Gershkovitz M, Arand J, Cao S, Sen T, Williamson SC, Kim JW, Drainas AP, He A, Cam LL, Byers LA, Snyder MP, Contrepois K, Sage J. The MEK5-ERK5 Kinase Axis Controls Lipid Metabolism in Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1293-1303. [PMID: 31969375 PMCID: PMC7073279 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive form of lung cancer with dismal survival rates. While kinases often play key roles driving tumorigenesis, there are strikingly few kinases known to promote the development of SCLC. Here, we investigated the contribution of the MAPK module MEK5-ERK5 to SCLC growth. MEK5 and ERK5 were required for optimal survival and expansion of SCLC cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptomics analyses identified a role for the MEK5-ERK5 axis in the metabolism of SCLC cells, including lipid metabolism. In-depth lipidomics analyses showed that loss of MEK5/ERK5 perturbs several lipid metabolism pathways, including the mevalonate pathway that controls cholesterol synthesis. Notably, depletion of MEK5/ERK5 sensitized SCLC cells to pharmacologic inhibition of the mevalonate pathway by statins. These data identify a new MEK5-ERK5-lipid metabolism axis that promotes the growth of SCLC. SIGNIFICANCE: This study is the first to investigate MEK5 and ERK5 in SCLC, linking the activity of these two kinases to the control of cell survival and lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cristea
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Garry L Coles
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Daniel Hornburg
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Maya Gershkovitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Julia Arand
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Siqi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Stuart C Williamson
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jun W Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Alexandros P Drainas
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Andrew He
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Laurent Le Cam
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lauren Averett Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang G, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Sun D, Zhen Y, Liu J, Fu L, Zhang L, Ouyang L. Discovery of a Novel Dual-Target Inhibitor of ERK1 and ERK5 That Induces Regulated Cell Death to Overcome Compensatory Mechanism in Specific Tumor Types. J Med Chem 2020; 63:3976-3995. [PMID: 32078308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongqi Zhen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Leilei Fu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Targeted Avenues for Cancer Treatment: The MEK5-ERK5 Signaling Pathway. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:394-407. [PMID: 32277933 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Twenty years have passed since extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) and its upstream activator, mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 (MEK5), first emerged onto the cancer research scene. Although we have come a long way in defining the liaison between dysregulated MEK5-ERK5 signaling and the pathogenesis of epithelial and nonepithelial malignancies, selective targeting of this unique pathway remains elusive. Here, we provide an updated review of the existing evidence for a correlation between aberrant MEK5-ERK5 (phospho)proteomic/transcriptomic profiles, aggressive cancer states, and poor patient outcomes. We then focus on emerging insights from preclinical models regarding the relevance of upregulated ERK5 activity in promoting tumor growth, metastasis, therapy resistance, undifferentiated traits, and immunosuppression, highlighting the opportunities, prospects, and challenges of selectively blocking this cascade for antineoplastic treatment and chemosensitization.
Collapse
|
32
|
Beyond Kinase Activity: ERK5 Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Shuttling as a Novel Target for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030938. [PMID: 32023850 PMCID: PMC7038028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in human pathology is underlined by the relevance of abnormalities of MAPK-related signaling pathways to a number of different diseases, including inflammatory disorders and cancer. One of the key events in MAPK signaling, especially with respect to pro-proliferative effects that are crucial for the onset and progression of cancer, is MAPK nuclear translocation and its role in the regulation of gene expression. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is the most recently discovered classical MAPK and it is emerging as a possible target for cancer treatment. The bigger size of ERK5 when compared to other MAPK enables multiple levels of regulation of its expression and activity. In particular, the phosphorylation of kinase domain and C-terminus, as well as post-translational modifications and chaperone binding, are involved in ERK5 regulation. Likewise, different mechanisms control ERK5 nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling, underscoring the key role of ERK5 in the nuclear compartment. In this review, we will focus on the mechanisms involved in ERK5 trafficking between cytoplasm and nucleus, and discuss how these processes might be exploited to design new strategies for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
33
|
Lefranc J, Schulze VK, Hillig RC, Briem H, Prinz F, Mengel A, Heinrich T, Balint J, Rengachari S, Irlbacher H, Stöckigt D, Bömer U, Bader B, Gradl SN, Nising CF, von Nussbaum F, Mumberg D, Panne D, Wengner AM. Discovery of BAY-985, a Highly Selective TBK1/IKKε Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2019; 63:601-612. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lefranc
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Hans Briem
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Prinz
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Mengel
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Heinrich
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jozsef Balint
- ASCA GmbH (Angewandte Synthesechemie Adlershof), 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Srinivasan Rengachari
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, LE1 7RH Leicester, U.K
| | - Horst Irlbacher
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Detlef Stöckigt
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Bömer
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bader
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Franz von Nussbaum
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Panne
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, LE1 7RH Leicester, U.K
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Myers SM, Miller DC, Molyneux L, Arasta M, Bawn RH, Blackburn TJ, Cook SJ, Edwards N, Endicott JA, Golding BT, Griffin RJ, Hammonds T, Hardcastle IR, Harnor SJ, Heptinstall AB, Lochhead PA, Martin MP, Martin NC, Newell DR, Owen PJ, Pang LC, Reuillon T, Rigoreau LJM, Thomas HD, Tucker JA, Wang LZ, Wong AC, Noble MEM, Wedge SR, Cano C. Identification of a novel orally bioavailable ERK5 inhibitor with selectivity over p38α and BRD4. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 178:530-543. [PMID: 31212132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) signalling has been implicated in driving a number of cellular phenotypes including endothelial cell angiogenesis and tumour cell motility. Novel ERK5 inhibitors were identified using high throughput screening, with a series of pyrrole-2-carboxamides substituted at the 4-position with an aroyl group being found to exhibit IC50 values in the micromolar range, but having no selectivity against p38α MAP kinase. Truncation of the N-substituent marginally enhanced potency (∼3-fold) against ERK5, but importantly attenuated inhibition of p38α. Systematic variation of the substituents on the aroyl group led to the selective inhibitor 4-(2-bromo-6-fluorobenzoyl)-N-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide (IC50 0.82 μM for ERK5; IC50 > 120 μM for p38α). The crystal structure (PDB 5O7I) of this compound in complex with ERK5 has been solved. This compound was orally bioavailable and inhibited bFGF-driven Matrigel plug angiogenesis and tumour xenograft growth. The selective ERK5 inhibitor described herein provides a lead for further development into a tool compound for more extensive studies seeking to examine the role of ERK5 signalling in cancer and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Myers
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Duncan C Miller
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Lauren Molyneux
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Mercedes Arasta
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Ruth H Bawn
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Timothy J Blackburn
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Simon J Cook
- Signalling Laboratory, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Noel Edwards
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jane A Endicott
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Bernard T Golding
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Roger J Griffin
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Tim Hammonds
- Cancer Research UK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0NH, UK
| | - Ian R Hardcastle
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Suzannah J Harnor
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Amy B Heptinstall
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Pamela A Lochhead
- Signalling Laboratory, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Mathew P Martin
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Nick C Martin
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - David R Newell
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Paul J Owen
- Cancer Research UK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0NH, UK
| | - Leon C Pang
- Cancer Research UK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0NH, UK
| | - Tristan Reuillon
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Laurent J M Rigoreau
- Cancer Research UK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, Jonas Webb Building, Babraham Campus, Babraham, Cambridgeshire, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Huw D Thomas
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Julie A Tucker
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Lan-Zhen Wang
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Ai-Ching Wong
- Cancer Research UK Therapeutic Discovery Laboratories, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0NH, UK
| | - Martin E M Noble
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Stephen R Wedge
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Celine Cano
- Newcastle Drug Discovery, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Impact of ERK5 on the Hallmarks of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061426. [PMID: 30901834 PMCID: PMC6471124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) belongs to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family that consists of highly conserved enzymes expressed in all eukaryotic cells and elicits several biological responses, including cell survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. In recent years, accumulating lines of evidence point to a relevant role of ERK5 in the onset and progression of several types of cancer. In particular, it has been reported that ERK5 is a key signaling molecule involved in almost all the biological features of cancer cells so that its targeting is emerging as a promising strategy to suppress tumor growth and spreading. Based on that, in this review, we pinpoint the hallmark-specific role of ERK5 in cancer in order to identify biological features that will potentially benefit from ERK5 targeting.
Collapse
|