1
|
Thurman HA, Wijegunawardena G, Berthias F, Williamson DL, Wu H, Nagy G, Jensen ON, Shvartsburg AA. Multiplatform High-Definition Ion Mobility Separations of the Largest Epimeric Peptides. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2318-2326. [PMID: 38301112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) has become a versatile tool to fractionate complex mixtures, distinguish structural isomers, and elucidate molecular geometries. Along with the whole MS field, IMS/MS advances to ever larger species. A topical proteomic problem is the discovery and characterization of d-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) that are critical to neurotransmission and toxicology. Both linear IMS and FAIMS previously disentangled d/l epimers with up to ∼30 residues. In the first study using all three most powerful IMS methodologies─trapped IMS, cyclic IMS, and FAIMS─we demonstrate baseline resolution of the largest known d/l peptides (CHH from Homarus americanus with 72 residues) with a dynamic range up to 100. This expands FAIMS analyses of isomeric modified peptides, especially using hydrogen-rich buffers, to the ∼50-100 residue range of small proteins. The spectra for d and l are unprecedentedly strikingly similar except for a uniform shift of the separation parameter, indicating the conserved epimer-specific structural elements across multiple charge states and conformers. As the interepimer resolution tracks the average for smaller DAACPs, the IMS approaches could help search for yet larger DAACPs. The a priori method to calibrate cyclic (including multipass) IMS developed here may be broadly useful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayden A Thurman
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Gayani Wijegunawardena
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Francis Berthias
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - David L Williamson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Haifan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Gabe Nagy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ole N Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Alexandre A Shvartsburg
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao F, Zhou Y, Yu B, Xie H, Shi Y, Zhang X, Liu H. QiDiTangShen granules alleviates diabetic nephropathy podocyte injury: A network pharmacology study and experimental validation in vivo and vitro. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23535. [PMID: 38223704 PMCID: PMC10784173 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background QiDiTangShen granules (QDTS), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound prescription, have remarkable efficacy in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients, and their pharmacological mechanism needs further exploration. Methods According to the active ingredients and targets of the QDTS in the TCMSP database, the network pharmacology of QDTS was investigated. The potential active ingredients were chosen based on the oral bioavailability and the drug similarity index. At the same time, targets for DN-related disease were obtained from GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGKB, TTD, and DrugBank. The TCM-component-target network and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed with the Cytoscape and STRING platforms, respectively, and then the core targets of DN were selected with CytoNCA. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis using R software. Molecular docking to identify the core targets of QDTS for DN. In vivo, db/db mice were treated as DN models, and the urine microalbuminuria, the pathological changes in the kidney and the protein expression levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, JUN, nephrin and synaptopodin were detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence method and Western blotting. After QDTS was used in vitro, the protein expression of mouse podocyte clone-5 (MPC5) cells was detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot. Results Through network pharmacology analysis, 153 potential targets for DN in QDTS were identified, 19 of which were significant. The KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that QDTS might have therapeutic effects on IL-17, TNF, AGE-RAGE, PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, and EGFR through interfering with Akt1 and JUN. The main active ingredients in QDTS are quercetin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and kaempferol. Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that QDTS could decrease the urine microalbuminuria and renal pathology of db/db mice, and alleviate podocyte injuries through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Conclusion Through network pharmacology, in vivo and in vitro experiments, QDTS has been shown to improve the urine microalbuminuria and renal pathology in DN, and to reduce podocyte damage via the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Renal Research Institute of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Renal Research Institute of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Borui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Renal Research Institute of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Huidi Xie
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Renal Research Institute of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Health Management Center, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Renal Research Institute of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yan YM, Luo Q, Li JJ, Tu ZC, Cheng YX. Novel spirooxindole alkaloid derivatives from the medicinal insect Blaps japanensis and their biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106845. [PMID: 37797453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Blapspirooxindoles A-C (1-3), three novel spirooxindole alkaloids with a unique spiro[chromane-4,3'-indoline]-2,2'-dione motif, blapcumaranons A and B (4 and 5), two new 2-cumaranon derivatives, blapoxindoles A-J (6-15), ten new oxindole alkaloid derivatives, along with one known compound (16), were isolated from the whole bodies of Blaps japanensis. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by using spectroscopic, X-ray crystallographic, and computational methods. Compounds 1-11 and 13 exist as racemic mixtures in nature, and their (-)- and (+)-antipodes were separated by chiral HPLC. Biological evaluations of these compounds were determined with multiple assays including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and renal protection activities in vitro. Several compounds displayed effective activity in one or more assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ming Yan
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qin Luo
- Clinical Lab, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Ji-Jun Li
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Zheng-Chao Tu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Drug Discovery Pipeline & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou 510530, PR China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abdulbagi M, Di B, Li B. Resolving D-Amino Acid Containing Peptides Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry: Challenges and Recent Developments. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37975700 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2282510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins having D-amino acids in their sequences are now believed to be widespread among different living organisms. Their significance is attributed to the diverse functions of these molecules, such as having a certain pathological implication or enhancing biological activity. Indeed, some peptide molecules with D-amino acids in their structure have already found their way to clinical use such as the antibacterial gramicidin and the antidiabetic nateglinide. Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) added an additional dimension of separation as it depends on ions mobility in the space, which is dependent on their shapes, and the shape depends on the orientation of atoms. Thus, D-amino acids containing peptides (DAACPs) will have different mobility and collision cross-section values than those with L-amino acids. Eventually, this will lead to baseline separation of the two peptides. Additionally, ion mobility can precisely locate the position of D-amino acids by analyzing the difference in the arrival times of the fragment ions. The importance of DAACPs, as well as the difficulties in discovering them, were addressed in this review. Similarly, we emphasized how recent developments in IM-MS have improved their detection and analysis. Consequently, the LC-IM-MS/MS platform appears to be promising in isomeric mixture analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdulbagi
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Di
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang Y, Li K, Dai Q, Pang H, Xu Z, Luo X, Liu L. SCH 644343 alleviates ischemic stroke-induced neuroinflammation by promoting microglial polarization via the IL-4/SREBP-1 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:176033. [PMID: 37673365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS), a kind of acute cerebrovascular disease, is one of the most common diseases, and it endangers the lives and health of elderly individuals. Inflammation is a key factor leading to stroke, making it a potential therapeutic target. Previous studies have found that neuroinflammation is closely associated with microglial polarization. Due to the various side effects of current drugs used to treat neuroinflammation, it is important to explore alternative drugs with anti-inflammatory activity for neuroinflammation treatment. In the present study, we investigated the effect of SCH 644343 (SCH), a natural compound, on neuroinflammation induced by IS and explored the mechanism. We found that SCH meliorated the phenotypes of IS in vivo, which was correlated with the increased percentage of infiltrated M2 macrophages in brain after stroke. SCH exerted a significant effect against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in BV2 cells in vitro by inhibiting M1 microglial polarization and promoting M2 microglial polarization. Furthermore, suppression of SREBP-1 expression by pretreatment with the SREBP-1 inhibitor 25-HC attenuated the effect of SCH on IS in vitro. Taken together, SCH exerts anti-IS effect by promoting microglial polarization via the IL-4/SREBP-1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ke Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Qijun Dai
- Department of Neurology, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, 226600, China
| | - Hanqing Pang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liao J, Gao M, Ding Y, Bi Q, Huang D, Luo X, Yang P, Li Y, Huang Y, Yao C, Zhang J, Wei W, Li Z, Guo DA. Characterization of the natural peptidome of four leeches by integrated proteogenomics and pseudotargeted peptidomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2795-2807. [PMID: 37133542 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04692-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Animal-derived drugs are an indispensable part of folk medicine worldwide. However, their chemical constituents are poorly approached, which leads to the low level of the quality standard system of animal-derived drugs and further causes a chaotic market. Natural peptides are ubiquitous throughout the organism, especially in animal-derived drugs. Thus, in this study, we used multi-source leeches, including Hirudo nipponica (HN), Whitmania pigra (WP), Whitmania acranulata (WA), and Poecilobdella manillensis (PM), as a model. A strategy integrating proteogenomics and novel pseudotargeted peptidomics was developed to characterize the natural peptide phenotype and screen for signature peptides of four leech species. First, natural peptides were sequenced against an in-house annotated protein database of closely related species constructed from RNA-seq data from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) website, which is an open-sourced public archive resource. Second, a novel pseudotargeted peptidomics integrating peptide ion pair extraction and retention time transfer was established to achieve high coverage and quantitative accuracy of the natural peptides and to screen for signature peptides for species authentication. In all, 2323 natural peptides were identified from four leech species whose databases were poorly annotated. The strategy was shown to significantly improve peptide identification. In addition, 36 of 167 differential peptides screened by pseudotargeted proteomics were identified, and about one-third of them came from the leucine-rich repeat domain (LRR) proteins, which are widely distributed in organisms. Furthermore, six signature peptides were screened with good specificity and stability, and four of them were validated by synthetic standards. Finally, a dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM) method based on these signature peptides was established and revealed that one-half of the commercial samples and all of the Tongxinluo capsules were derived from WP. All in all, the strategy developed in this study was effective for natural peptide characterization and signature peptide screening, which could also be applied to other animal-derived drugs, especially for modelless species that are less studied in protein database annotation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingmei Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Min Gao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yelin Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qirui Bi
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dongdong Huang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Luo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Peilei Yang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yun Li
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Changliang Yao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenlong Wei
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhenwei Li
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - De-An Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jiang Y, Liu R, Li J, Huang Q, Liu S, He J. Pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes with neuroprotective activities from Moringa oleifera seeds. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113451. [PMID: 36257341 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Seven undescribed pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes (pyrrolemorines A-G), along with four known analogs, were isolated from the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera seeds. The structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic and chemical analyses using HRMS and NMR spectra, acid hydrolysis, and Rh2(OCOCF3)4-induced ECD experiments. Pyrrolemorines A, E, and pyrrolemarumine displayed neuroprotective activities against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury in PC12 cells by regulating NF-κb and Nrf2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Jia He
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee D, Lee SR, Kang KS, Kim KH. Bioactive Phytochemicals from Mulberry: Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8120. [PMID: 34360887 PMCID: PMC8348635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fruits of the mulberry tree (Morus alba L.), known as white mulberry, have been consumed in various forms, including tea, beverages, and desserts, worldwide. As part of an ongoing study to discover bioactive compounds from M. alba fruits, the anti-inflammatory effect of compounds from M. alba were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages. Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract of the M. alba fruits led to the isolation of 22 compounds. Among the isolated compounds, to the best of our knowledge, compounds 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 12, and 14-22 were identified from M. alba fruits for the first time in this study. Inhibitory effects of 22 compounds on the production of the nitric oxide (NO) known as a proinflammatory mediator in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were evaluated using NO assays. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (5). We evaluated whether the anti-inflammatory effects of cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (5) following LPS stimulation in RAW 264.7 macrophages occurred because of phosphorylation of IκB kinase alpha (IKKα), IκB kinase beta (IKKβ), inhibitor of kappa B alpha (IκBα), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and activations of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (5) significantly suppressed phosphorylations of IKKα, IKKβ, IκBα, and NF-κB and activations of iNOS and COX-2 in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these results indicate that cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (5) can be considered a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation-associated disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Berthias F, Baird MA, Shvartsburg AA. Differential Ion Mobility Separations of d/l Peptide Epimers. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4015-4022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Berthias
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Matthew A. Baird
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Alexandre A. Shvartsburg
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu YH, Xie YT, Guo JM, Wang XP, Jiang B, Zhang W, Qiang L, Kong LY, Liu YP. Limonoids from the Fresh Young Leaves and Buds of Toona sinensis and Their Potential Neuroprotective Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12326-12335. [PMID: 33107299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Toona sinensis, popularly known as Chinese toon or Chinese mahogany, is a perennial deciduous arbor belonging to the genus Toona in the Meliaceae family, which is widely distributed and cultivated in eastern and southeastern Asia. Its fresh young leaves and buds have been consumed as a very popular nutritious vegetable in China and confirmed to display a wide variety of biological activities. To investigate the chemical constituents and their potential health benefits from the fresh young leaves and buds of T. sinensis, a phytochemical study on its fresh young leaves and buds was therefore undertaken. In our current investigation, 16 limonoids (1-16), including four new limonoids, toonasinenoids A-D (1-4), and a new naturally occurring limonoid, toonasinenoid E (5), were isolated and characterized from the fresh young leaves and buds of T. sinensis. The chemical structures and absolute configurations of limonoids 1-5 were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analyses. All known limonoids (6-16) were identified via comparing their experimental spectral data containing mass spectrometry data, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance data, and optical rotation values to the data reported in the literature. All known limonoids (6-16) were isolated from T. sinensis for the first time. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effects of all isolated limonoids 1-16 against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were assessed in vitro. Limonoids 1-16 exhibited notable neuroprotective activities, with EC50 values in the range from 0.27 ± 0.03 to 17.28 ± 0.16 μM. These results suggest that regular consumption of the fresh young leaves and buds of T. sinensis might prevent the occurrence and development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Moreover, the isolation and characterization of these limonoids that exhibit notable neuroprotective activities from the fresh young leaves and buds of T. sinensis could be very significant for researching and developing new neuroprotective drugs used for the prevention and treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable of Haikou City, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable of Haikou City, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable of Haikou City, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable of Haikou City, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable of Haikou City, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ying Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable of Haikou City, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mast DH, Checco JW, Sweedler JV. Advancing d-amino acid-containing peptide discovery in the metazoan. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1869:140553. [PMID: 33002629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of enzyme-derived d-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) that have physiological importance in the metazoan challenges previous assumptions about the homochirality of animal proteins while simultaneously revealing new analytical challenges in the structural and functional characterization of peptides. Most known DAACPs have been identified though laborious activity-guided purification studies or by homology to previously identified DAACPs. Peptide characterization experiments are increasingly dominated by high throughput mass spectrometry-based peptidomics, with stereochemistry rarely considered due to the technical challenges of identifying l/d isomerization. This review discusses the prevalence of enzyme-derived DAACPs among animals and the physiological consequences of peptide isomerization. Also highlighted are the analytical methods that have been applied for structural characterization/discovery of DAACPs, including results of several recent studies using non-targeted discovery methods for revealing novel DAACPs, strongly suggesting that more DAACPs remain to be uncovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David H Mast
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - James W Checco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States.
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jimenez EC. D-Amino Acids in Peptides from Animals, Including Human: Occurrence, Structure, Bioactivity and Pharmacology. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 21:622-637. [PMID: 32338216 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721666200426233758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
All life forms typically possess homochirality, with rare exceptions. In the case of peptides and proteins, only L-amino acids are known to be encoded by genes. Nevertheless, D-amino acids have been identified in a variety of peptides, synthesized by animal cells. They include neuroexcitatory and neuroprotective peptides, cardioexcitatory peptides, hyperglycemic hormones, opioid peptides, antimicrobial peptides, natriuretic and defensin-like peptides, and fibrinopeptides. This article is a review of their occurrence, structure and bioactivity. It further explores the pharmacology and potential medical applications of some of the peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsie C Jimenez
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science, University of the Philippines Baguio, Baguio City 2600, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|