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Gribble GW. A Survey of Recently Discovered Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1285-1305. [PMID: 38375796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of naturally occurring organohalogen compounds has increased astronomically in the 55 years since they were first discovered─from fewer than 50 in 1968 to a combined 7,958 described examples in three comprehensive reviews. The present survey, which covers the period 2021-2023, brings the number of known natural organohalogens to approximately 8,400. The organization is according to species origin, and coverage includes marine and terrestrial plants, fungi, bacteria, marine sponges, corals, cyanobacteria, tunicates, and other marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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2
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Mohamed MMM, Abboud MM, Maleckis M, Souza LDO, Moreira JMA, Gotfredsen CH, Weber T, Ding L. Pepticinnamins N, O, and P, Nonribosomal Peptides from the Soil-Derived Streptomyces mirabilis P8-A2. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1075-1083. [PMID: 38591246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Cinnamoyl moiety containing nonribosomal peptides represented by pepticinnamin E are a growing family of natural products isolated from different Streptomyces species and possess diverse bioactivities. The soil bacterium Streptomyces mirabilis P8-A2 harbors a cryptic pepticinnamin biosynthetic gene cluster, producing azodyrecins as major products. Inactivation of the azodyrecin biosynthetic gene cluster by CRISPR-BEST base editing led to the activation and production of pepticinnamin E (1) and its analogues, pepticinnamins N, O, and P (2-4), the structures of which were determined by detailed NMR spectroscopy, HRMS data, and Marfey's reactions. These new compounds did not show a growth inhibitory effect against the LNCaP and C4-2B prostate cancer lines, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Magdy Mahmoud Mohamed
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Maria Mahmoud Abboud
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Matiss Maleckis
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Luciano D O Souza
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Denmark; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - José M A Moreira
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte H Gotfredsen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 207, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tilmann Weber
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ling Ding
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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3
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Zhang S, Chen Y, Zhu J, Lu Q, Cryle MJ, Zhang Y, Yan F. Structural diversity, biosynthesis, and biological functions of lipopeptides from Streptomyces. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:557-594. [PMID: 36484454 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00044j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2022Streptomyces are ubiquitous in terrestrial and marine environments, where they display a fascinating metabolic diversity. As a result, these bacteria are a prolific source of active natural products. One important class of these natural products is the nonribosomal lipopeptides, which have diverse biological activities and play important roles in the lifestyle of Streptomyces. The importance of this class is highlighted by the use of related antibiotics in the clinic, such as daptomycin (tradename Cubicin). By virtue of recent advances spanning chemistry and biology, significant progress has been made in biosynthetic studies on the lipopeptide antibiotics produced by Streptomyces. This review will serve as a comprehensive guide for researchers working in this multidisciplinary field, providing a summary of recent progress regarding the investigation of lipopeptides from Streptomyces. In particular, we highlight the structures, properties, biosynthetic mechanisms, chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis, and biological functions of lipopeptides. In addition, the application of genome mining techniques to Streptomyces that have led to the discovery of many novel lipopeptides is discussed, further demonstrating the potential of lipopeptides from Streptomyces for future development in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songya Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yunliang Chen
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
- The Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 1000050, China.
| | - Jing Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qiujie Lu
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
| | - Max J Cryle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800 Australia
- EMBL Australia, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800 Australia
| | - Youming Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
| | - Fu Yan
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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4
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Marine Natural Products from the Beibu Gulf: Sources, Chemistry, and Bioactivities. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020063. [PMID: 36827104 PMCID: PMC9965070 DOI: 10.3390/md21020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine natural products (MNPs) play an important role in the discovery and development of new drugs. The Beibu Gulf of South China Sea harbors four representative marine ecosystems, including coral reefs, mangroves, seaweed beds, and coastal wetlands, which are rich in underexplored marine biological resources that produce a plethora of diversified MNPs. In our ongoing efforts to discover novel and biologically active MNPs from the Beibu Gulf, we provide a systematic overview of the sources, chemical structures, and bioactive properties of a total of 477 new MNPs derived from the Beibu Gulf, citing 133 references and covering the literature from the first report in November 2003 up to September 2022. These reviewed MNPs were structurally classified into polyketides (43%), terpenoids (40%), nitrogen-containing compounds (12%), and glucosides (5%), which mainly originated from microorganisms (52%) and macroorganisms (48%). Notably, they were predominantly found with cytotoxic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. This review will shed light on these untapped Beibu Gulf-derived MNPs as promising lead compounds for the development of new drugs.
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Shi J, Shi Y, Li JC, Wei W, Chen Y, Cheng P, Liu CL, Zhang H, Wu R, Zhang B, Jiao RH, Yu S, Liang Y, Tan RX, Ge HM. In Vitro Reconstitution of Cinnamoyl Moiety Reveals Two Distinct Cyclases for Benzene Ring Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7939-7948. [PMID: 35470672 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamoyl-containing natural products (CCNPs) are a small class of bacterial metabolites with notable bioactivities. The biosynthesis of cinnamoyl moiety has been proposed to be assembled by an unusual highly reducing (HR) type II polyketide synthases (PKS). However, the biosynthetic route, especially the cyclization step for the benzene ring formation, remains unclear. In this work, we successfully reconstituted the pathway of cinnamoyl moiety in kitacinnamycin biosynthesis through a step-wise approach in vitro and demonstrated that a three-protein complex, Kcn17-Kcn18-Kcn19, can catalyze 6π-electrocyclization followed by dehydrogenation to form the benzene ring. We found that the three-protein homologues were widely distributed among 207 HR type II PKS biosynthetic gene clusters including five known CCNPs. In contrast, in the biosynthesis of youssoufene, a cinnamoyl-containing polyene, we identified that the benzene ring formation was accomplished by a distinct orphan protein. Thus, our work resolved the long-standing mystery in cinnamoyl biosynthesis and revealed two distinct enzymes that can synthesize benzene rings via polyene precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wanqing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cheng Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rui Hua Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ren Xiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Ming Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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6
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Abstract
Covering: 2020This review covers the literature published in 2020 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 757 citations (747 for the period January to December 2020) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1407 in 420 papers for 2020), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. A meta analysis of bioactivity data relating to new MNPs reported over the last five years is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. .,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Enivironment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Liu T, Ma X, Yu J, Yang W, Wang G, Wang Z, Ge Y, Song J, Han H, Zhang W, Yang D, Liu X, Ma M. Rational generation of lasso peptides based on biosynthetic gene mutations and site-selective chemical modifications. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12353-12364. [PMID: 34603665 PMCID: PMC8480316 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02695j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lasso peptides are a unique family of natural products whose structures feature a specific threaded fold, which confers these peptides the resistance to thermal and proteolytic degradation. This stability gives lasso peptides excellent pharmacokinetic properties, which together with their diverse reported bioactivities have garnered extensive attention because of their drug development potential. Notably, the threaded fold has proven quite inaccessible by chemical synthesis, which has hindered efficient generation of structurally diverse lasso peptides. We herein report the discovery of a new lasso peptide stlassin (1) by gene activation based on a Streptomyces heterologous expression system. Site-directed mutagenesis on the precursor peptide-encoding gene is carried out systematically, generating 17 stlassin derivatives (2–17 and 21) with residue-replacements at specific positions of 1. The solution NMR structures of 1, 3, 4, 14 and 16 are determined, supporting structural comparisons that ultimately enabled the rational production of disulfide bond-containing derivatives 18 and 19, whose structures do not belong to any of the four classes currently used to classify lasso peptides. Several site-selective chemical modifications are first applied on 16 and 21, efficiently generating new derivatives (20, 22–27) whose structures bear various decorations beyond the peptidyl monotonicity. The high production yields of these stlassin derivatives facilitate biological assays, which show that 1, 4, 16, 20, 21 and 24 possess antagonistic activities against the binding of lipopolysaccharides to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). These results demonstrate proof-of-concept for the combined mutational/chemical generation of lasso peptide libraries to support drug lead development. A new class II lasso peptide stlassin (1) was discovered and stlassin derivatives (2–27) were rationally generated by biosynthetic gene mutations and site-selective chemical modifications, expanding the structural diversity of lasso peptides.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Guiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
| | - Zhengdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
| | - Yuanjie Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
| | - Juan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
| | - Hua Han
- School of Medicine, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Donghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xuehui Liu
- CAS Research Platform for Protein Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 15 Datun Road, Chao-yang District Beijing 100101 China
| | - Ming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100191 China
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Yu J, Song J, Chi C, Liu T, Geng T, Cai Z, Dong W, Shi C, Ma X, Zhang Z, Ma X, Xing B, Jin H, Zhang L, Dong S, Yang D, Ma M. Functional Characterization and Crystal Structure of the Bifunctional Thioesterase Catalyzing Epimerization and Cyclization in Skyllamycin Biosynthesis. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Juan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Changbiao Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tongtong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zonghui Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weidong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Cheng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xueyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Baiying Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liangren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Suwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Donghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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Crowe C, Molyneux S, Sharma SV, Zhang Y, Gkotsi DS, Connaris H, Goss RJM. Halogenases: a palette of emerging opportunities for synthetic biology-synthetic chemistry and C-H functionalisation. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:9443-9481. [PMID: 34368824 PMCID: PMC8407142 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01551b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic generation of carbon-halogen bonds is a powerful strategy used by both nature and synthetic chemists to tune the bioactivity, bioavailability and reactivity of compounds, opening up the opportunity for selective C-H functionalisation. Genes encoding halogenase enzymes have recently been shown to transcend all kingdoms of life. These enzymes install halogen atoms into aromatic and less activated aliphatic substrates, achieving selectivities that are often challenging to accomplish using synthetic methodologies. Significant advances in both halogenase discovery and engineering have provided a toolbox of enzymes, enabling the ready use of these catalysts in biotransformations, synthetic biology, and in combination with chemical catalysis to enable late stage C-H functionalisation. With a focus on substrate scope, this review outlines the mechanisms employed by the major classes of halogenases, while in parallel, it highlights key advances in the utilisation of the combination of enzymatic halogenation and chemical catalysis for C-H activation and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Crowe
- School of Chemistry, and BSRC, University of St Andrews, North HaughSt Andrews KY16 9STUK
| | - Samuel Molyneux
- School of Chemistry, and BSRC, University of St Andrews, North HaughSt Andrews KY16 9STUK
| | - Sunil V. Sharma
- School of Chemistry, and BSRC, University of St Andrews, North HaughSt Andrews KY16 9STUK
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Chemistry, and BSRC, University of St Andrews, North HaughSt Andrews KY16 9STUK
| | - Danai S. Gkotsi
- School of Chemistry, and BSRC, University of St Andrews, North HaughSt Andrews KY16 9STUK
| | - Helen Connaris
- School of Chemistry, and BSRC, University of St Andrews, North HaughSt Andrews KY16 9STUK
| | - Rebecca J. M. Goss
- School of Chemistry, and BSRC, University of St Andrews, North HaughSt Andrews KY16 9STUK
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10
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Xiao H, Wang G, Wang Z, Kuang Y, Song J, Jin J, Ye M, Yang D, Ma M. Generation of Unusual Aromatic Polyketides by Incorporation of Phenylamine Analogues into a C-Ring-Cleaved Angucyclinone. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071959. [PMID: 33807235 PMCID: PMC8038006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angucyclinones are aromatic polyketides that possess impressive structural diversity and significant biological activities. The structural diversity of these natural products is attributed to various enzymatic or nonenzymatic modifications on their tetracyclic benz(a)anthracene skeleton. Previously, we discovered an unusual phenylamine-incorporated angucyclinone (1) from a marine Streptomyces sp. PKU-MA00218, and identified that it was produced from the nonenzymatic conversion of a C-ring-cleaved angucyclinone (2) with phenylamine. In this study, we tested the nonenzymatic conversion of 2 with more phenylamine analogues, to expand the utility of this feasible conversion in unusual angucyclinones generation. The (3-ethynyl)phenylamine and disubstituted analogues including (3,4-dimethyl)phenylamine, (3,4-methylenedioxy)phenylamine, and (4-bromo-3-methyl)phenylamine were used in the conversion of 2, which was isolated from the fermentation of Streptomyces sp. PKU-MA00218. All four phenylamine analogues were incorporated into 2 efficiently under mild conditions, generating new compounds 3–6. The activation of 3–6 on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription were tested, which showed that 4 possessing a dimethyl-substitution gave most potent activity. These results evidenced that disubstitutions on phenylamine can be roughly tolerated in the nonenzymatic reactions with 2, suggesting extended applications of more disubstituted phenylamines incorporation to generate new bioactive angucyclinones in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming Ma
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (M.M.)
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