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Yadav A, Upadhyay S, Kant R, Srivastava AK. Regioselective Synthesis of Phenanthridines via Pd(II)-Catalyzed Annulative C( sp2)-H Activation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13568-13583. [PMID: 37738300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
A robust synthesis of phenanthridines has been described via Pd(II)-catalyzed domino C(sp2)-H activation/N-arylation using oxime esters with aryl acyl peroxides in a highly regioselective manner. This protocol is compatible with acetophenone as well as benzophenone-derived oxime esters and allows modular construction of functionalized phenanthridines with wide tolerance of electronic functionality. Further transformations were conducted to synthesize key building blocks, and control experiments were performed to understand the plausible reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Yadav
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Surabhi Upadhyay
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Srivastava
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Khade VV, Bhowmick A, Thube AS, Bhat RG. Direct Access to Strained Fused Dihalo-Aziridino Quinoxalinones via C3-Alkylation Followed by Tandem Cyclization. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37262098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Quinoxalinones are a privileged class of compounds, and their structural framework is found in many bioactive compounds, natural compounds, and pharmaceuticals. Quinoxalinone is a promising scaffold for different types of functionalization, and the slight modification of the quinoxalinone skeleton is known to offer a wide range of compounds for drug discovery. Owing to the importance of the quinoxalinone scaffold, we have developed a base-mediated protocol for the C3-alkylation of quinoxalinone followed by tandem cyclization to access novel types of strenuous and fused dihalo-aziridino-quinoxalinone heterocycles via the construction of C-C and C-N bonds. The protocol proved to be simple and practical to access desired fused quinoxalinone heterocycles in excellent yields (up to 98% yield). As an application, the highly functionalized fused dihalo-aziridino-quinoxalinone molecule has been further utilized for mono-dehalogenation under visible light irradiation and selective amide reduction. Moreover, the protocol has also been demonstrated on a gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas V Khade
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Anindita Bhowmick
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Archana S Thube
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Ramakrishna G Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
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Yousefnejad F, Gholami F, Larijani B, Mahdavi M. Oxime Esters: Flexible Building Blocks for Heterocycle Formation. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:17. [PMID: 37202650 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxime esters as the applicable building blocks, internal oxidizing agents, and directing groups in the synthesis of -, S-, and O-containing heterocycle scaffolds have gained great attention in the last decade. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the cyclization of oxime esters with various functional group reagents under transition metal and transition metal-free catalyzed conditions. Moreover, the mechanistic aspects of these protocols are explained in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Yousefnejad
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gholami
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Prakash M, Halder S, Guin S, Samanta S. Swapping Copper-Catalytic Process: Selective Access to Pyrazoles and Conjugated Ketimines from Oxime Acetates and Cyclic Sulfamidate Imines. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201114. [PMID: 36583485 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A powerful CuCl-catalyzed sequential one-pot reaction of aryl methyl ketoxime acetates with cyclic N-sulfonyl imines followed by elimination in the presence of base is reported. This hydrazine-free method conveniently makes C-C and N-N bonds via a radical cleavage of the N-O bond, delivering a special class of C3-hydroxyarylated pyrazoles in good yields. Surprisingly, while employing CuI as a catalyst instead of CuCl, the reaction proceeds through a non-radical pathway which embodies a new tactic for the high-yielding access to value-added conjugated N-unsubstituted ketimines. Moreover, additive-free approach to sulfamidate-fused-pyrazoles was achieved by successfully catalyzing addition and oxidative N-N bond-making reactions by CuI and CuCl, respectively. Significantly, our novel technique could convert the prepared ketimines into the pharmacologically recognized 6H-benzo[c]chromene frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Sajal Halder
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Soumitra Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Sampak Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India
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Cui JF, Zhong WQ, Huang JM. Annulation Reaction of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones Initiated by Electrochemical Decarboxylation of N-Arylglycines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1147-1154. [PMID: 36630409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A new methodology for the synthesis of tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-ones has been accomplished through annulation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones initiated by electrochemical decarboxylation of N-arylglycines catalyzed by ferrocene. With a pair of oxidative and reductive processes occurring among the substrates and intermediates instead of on the electrodes, the electricity consumption was decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jing-Mei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
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Gao R, Wang F, Geng X, Li CY, Wang L. Visible-Light-Initiated Difunctionalization of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones with Acyloxy Nitroso Compounds. Org Lett 2022; 24:7118-7122. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runye Gao
- Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Geng
- Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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