1
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Il'in MV, Polonnikov DA, Novikov AS, Sysoeva AA, Safinskaya YV, Bolotin DS. Influence of Coordination to Silver(I) Centers on the Activity of Heterocyclic Iodonium Salts Serving as Halogen-Bond-Donating Catalysts. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300304. [PMID: 37675949 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic data based on 1 H NMR monitoring and computational studies indicate that in solution, pyrazole-containing iodonium triflates and silver(I) triflate bind to each other, and such an interplay results in the decrease of the total catalytic activity of the mixture of these Lewis acids compared to the separate catalysis of the Schiff condensation, the imine-isocyanide coupling, or the nucleophilic attack on a triple carbon-carbon bond. Moreover, the kinetic data indicate that such a cooperation with the silver(I) triflate results in prevention of decomposition of the iodonium salts during the reaction progress. XRD study confirms that the pyrazole-containing iodonium triflate coordinates to the silver(I) center via the pyrazole N atom to produce a rare example of a pentacoordinated trigonal bipyramidal dinuclear silver(I) complex featuring cationic ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Il'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Denis A Polonnikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Sysoeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Yana V Safinskaya
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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2
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Mohlala RL, Coyanis EM. The vital use of isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions (MCR) in chemical synthesis. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Multicomponent (MCRs) reactions are classified as one-pot reaction where more than two starting materials are employed to form a single product that contains the building blocks of the starting components. MCRs are considered a convenient approach in synthetic chemistry and have many advantages over the traditional one or two-component reaction, by reducing the number of sequential multiple steps required and often producing better yields. This chapter dissects the use of isocyanide-based MCRs and the elegant chemistry that they offer to build useful scaffolds in the chemical synthetic field. In addition MCRs are considered as one of the recognisable options for increasing “greenness” during the synthesis of pharmaceutical and industrial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reagan Lehlogonolo Mohlala
- Advanced Material Division , Mintek Inc , 200 Malibongwe Street, Randburg, 2194 , Randburg , Gauteng , 2125 , South Africa
- Chemistry , Mintek Inc , Randburg , South Africa
| | - Elena Mabel Coyanis
- Advanced Material Division , Mintek Inc , 200 Malibongwe Street, Randburg, 2194 , Randburg , Gauteng , 2125 , South Africa
- Chemistry , Mintek Inc , Randburg , South Africa
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3
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Novikov AS, Bolotin DS. Xenon Derivatives as Aerogen Bond-Donating Catalysts for Organic Transformations: A Theoretical Study on the Metaphorical "Spherical Cow in a Vacuum" Provides Insights into Noncovalent Organocatalysis. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1936-1944. [PMID: 35679603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Computations indicate that cationic and noncharged xenon derivatives should exhibit higher catalytic activity than their iodine-based noncovalent organocatalytic congeners. Perfluorophenyl xenonium(II) is expected to demonstrate the best balance between catalytic activity and chemical stability for use in organocatalysis. Comparing its catalytic activity with that of isoelectronic perfluoroiodobenzene indicates that the high catalytic activity of cationic noncovalent organocatalysts is predominantly attributed to the electrostatic interactions with the reaction substrates, which cause the polarization of ligated species during the reaction progress. In contrast, the electron transfer and covalent contributions to the bonding between the catalyst and substrate have negligible effects. The dominant effect of electrostatic interactions results in a strong negative correlation between the calculated Gibbs free energies of activation for the modeled reactions and the highest potentials of the σ-holes on the central atoms of the catalysts. No such correlation is observed for noncharged catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
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4
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Sanap D, Avhad L, Ghotekar S, Gaikwad ND. Green synthesis and characterization of mixed-phase Fe2O3 nanorods as a novel magnetically recoverable heterogeneous catalyst for Biginelli synthesis. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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5
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A General Approach to 4-unsubstituted and 4-alkyl-substituted 5-acyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2-thiones(ones) via α-(thio)ureidoalkylation of 1,3-diketones or β-oxoesters. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-023-03146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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6
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Urea-catalyzed multicomponent synthesis of 4-arylideneisoxazol-5(4H)-one derivatives under green conditions. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Kulkarni PA, Kahandal SS, Mirgane NA, Satpati AK, Shendage SS. Highly efficient magnetically separable Zn-Ag@L-arginine Fe3O4catalystfor synthesis of 2-aryl-substitutedbenzimidazoles and multicomponent synthesis of pyrimidines. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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8
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Multicomponent reactions as a privileged tool for multitarget-directed ligand strategies in Alzheimer's disease therapy. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1583-1606. [PMID: 36263996 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Among neurodegenerative pathologies affecting the older population, Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia and leads to neurocognitive and behavioral disorders. It is a complex and progressive age-related multifactorial disease characterized by a series of highly interconnected pathophysiological processes. Within the last decade, the multitarget-directed ligand strategy has emerged as a viable approach to developing complex molecules that exhibit several pharmacophores which can target the different enzymes and receptors involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Herein, we focus on using multicomponent reactions such as Hantzsch, Biginelli and Ugi to develop these biologically active multitopic ligands.
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9
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Abdelazeem NM, Sroor FM, Basyouni WM, Adel I, Tantawy MA. Synthesis and Evaluation of New 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2-(1 H)-Ones and -Thiones as Anti-Cancer Agents: In Vitro, Molecular Docking and SAR Studies. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2108076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nagwa M. Abdelazeem
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Farid M. Sroor
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wahid M. Basyouni
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Islam Adel
- The Egyptian Drug Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research, and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem Cells Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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Singh A, Singh G, Sharma S, Kaur N, Singh N. Metal‐Free, Biomass‐Derived Nano‐Architectured Carbon Quantum Dots as an Efficient Acid‐Base Bifunctional Catalyst for Facile Synthesis of Benzo[g]chromene and Pyrimidine Analogs. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Punjab 140001 India
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Punjab 140001 India
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Punjab 140001 India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Punjab 140001 India
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11
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Shkurko OP. Bridged 1,3(1,5)-benzoxazocines and 1,3,5-benzoxadiazocines as products of the Hantzsch and Biginelli reactions. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-022-03085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Gapanenok D, Makhmet A, Peshkov AA, Smirnova D, Amire N, Peshkov VA, Spiridonova D, Dar'in D, Balalaie S, Krasavin M. Multicomponent Assembly of Trisubstituted Imidazoles and Their Photochemical Cyclization into Fused Polyheterocyclic Scaffolds. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7838-7851. [PMID: 35675099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward route to a large and diverse library of trisubstituted imidazoles was established via a three-component reaction of 2-oxoaldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and acyclic nitrogen bis-nucleophiles. The obtained products were subsequently explored in a photochemical cyclization yielding a variety of imidazole-fused polycyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gapanenok
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Azat Makhmet
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.,L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan.,Nazarbayev University, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Anatoly A Peshkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Darya Smirnova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Niyaz Amire
- Nazarbayev University, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Vsevolod A Peshkov
- Nazarbayev University, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Darya Spiridonova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Dar'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, 19697 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.,Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236016, Russian Federation
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13
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Huseynzada A, Mori M, Meneghetti F, Israyilova A, Tuzun G, Sayin K, Chiarelli L, Mutlu C, Demiralp M, Hasanova U, Abbasov V. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, computational and antibacterial studies of a 9-phenanthrenecarboxaldehyde-based thiodihydropyrimidine derivative. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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14
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Il'in MV, Sysoeva AA, Novikov AS, Bolotin DS. Diaryliodoniums as Hybrid Hydrogen- and Halogen-Bond-Donating Organocatalysts for the Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé Reaction. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4569-4579. [PMID: 35176856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dibenziodolium and diphenyliodonium triflates display high catalytic activity for the multicomponent reaction that leads to a series of imidazopyridines. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that both the salts can play the role of hybrid hydrogen- and halogen-bond-donating organocatalysts, which electrophilically activate the carbonyl and imine groups during the reaction process. The ortho-H atoms in the vicinal position to the I atom play a dual role: forming additional noncovalent bonds with the ligated substrate and increasing the maximum electrostatic potential on the σ-hole at the iodine atom owing to the effects of polarization. Dibenziodolium triflate exhibits higher catalytic activity, and the results obtained from 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) titrations, in conjunction with those from DFT calculations, indicate that this could be explained in terms of the additional energy required for the rotation of the phenyl ring in the diphenyliodonium cation during ligation of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Il'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra A Sysoeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
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15
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Wang G, Hao P, Liang Y, Liang Y, Liu W, Wen J, Li X, Zhan H, Bi S. The new life of traditional water treatment flocculant polyaluminum chloride (PAC): a green and efficient micro–nano reactor catalyst in alcohol solvents. RSC Adv 2022; 12:655-663. [PMID: 35425147 PMCID: PMC8696963 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08038e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is an inorganic polymer material that has the advantages of a simple preparation process and special electronic structure. It is considered to be the most efficient and widely used flocculation material for water treatment. In this work, PAC has been used as a Lewis acid catalyst in interdisciplinary fields because of its polynuclear Al–O cation structure. Further, its catalytic mechanism in green organic synthesis has been studied in detail by using the multicomponent Biginelli reaction as the probe. The effect of solvent on the self-assembly and aggregation process of PAC materials was investigated using optical microscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, particle size analysis, XPS, IR, SEM and HR-TEM. The results show that the PAC materials have different morphological characteristics in different solvents. The Al–O–Al cations were transformed in the ethanol solvent to form new multi-nuclear cation aggregates Alb, which could be used as inorganic micro–nano reactors with unique synergistic catalysis in catalytic reactions. This is the first time the role of PAC in the Biginelli reaction has been analyzed with a liquid in situ infrared instrument, which provided favorable evidence for the speculated reaction mechanism. The PAC–ethanol system is, therefore, considered to be a green, efficient (best yield >99%), economic and recyclable catalyst for catalyzing organic synthesis reactions. The development and utilization of PAC materials in organic synthesis will bring new vitality to this cheap material, which is widely used in industries. The polyaluminum chloride–ethanol micro–nano reactor is a green, efficient, easy-to-handle and economical catalyst for catalyzing organic synthesis reactions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Yuwang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Wanyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Jiantong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Shuxian Bi
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
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16
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Mittersteiner M, Farias FFS, Bonacorso HG, Martins MAP, Zanatta N. Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of pyrimidines and their fused derivatives: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 79:105683. [PMID: 34562732 PMCID: PMC8473776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pyrimidine scaffold is present in many bioactive drugs; therefore, efficient synthetic routes that provide shorter reaction times, higher yields, and site-selective reactions are constantly being sought. Ultrasound (US) irradiation has emerged as an alternative energy source in the synthesis of these heterocyclic scaffolds, and over the last ten years there has been a significant increase in the number of publications mentioning US in either the construction or derivatization of the pyrimidine core. This review presents a detailed summary (with 140 references) of the effects of US (synergic or not) on the construction and derivatization of the pyrimidine core through classical reactions (e.g., multicomponent, cyclocondensation, cycloaddition, and alkylation reactions). The main points that were taken into consideration are as follows: chemo- and regioselectivity issues, and the results of conventional heating methods compared to US and mechanistic insights that are also presented and discussed for key reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Mittersteiner
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - Fellipe F S Farias
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Helio G Bonacorso
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Marcos A P Martins
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Nilo Zanatta
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil.
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17
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Madivalappa Davanagere P, Maiti B. 1,3-Bis(carboxymethyl)imidazolium Chloride as a Sustainable, Recyclable, and Metal-Free Ionic Catalyst for the Biginelli Multicomponent Reaction in Neat Condition. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26035-26047. [PMID: 34660965 PMCID: PMC8515400 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple and novel methodology has been developed for the synthesis of 1,3-bis(carboxymethyl)imidazolium chloride [BCMIM][Cl] salt. The ionic salt [BCMIM][Cl] catalyzed the reaction among arylaldehydes; the substituted 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and urea/thiourea at 80 °C with 5 mol % under neat condition provided the substituted dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one/thiones in the synthesis step with yields of up to 96%. In addition, we synthesized the commercially available drug Monastrol by employing this methodology. The new synthesis method employs the benefits of a broad substrate scope, short reaction time, and high atom economy along with low catalyst loading in neat conditions, and is devoid of chromatographic purification. The ionic salt [BCMIM][Cl] was recycled and reused up to six cycles without substantial damage of its catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barnali Maiti
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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18
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Krishna B, Payra S, Roy S. Synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones via multicomponent reaction route over acid functionalized Metal-Organic framework catalysts. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:729-741. [PMID: 34536933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Multi component reactions over heterogeneous solid acid catalysts are extremely important owing to easy separation, amenable recycling, and prospective scaling up of the process. Here, we are reporting the synthesis of biologically important dihydropyrimidinones over postsynthetic modified Cr-based metal-organic framework materials as heterogeneous catalysts containing the bifunctional Lewis and Brønsted acid sites. Cr-based metal-organic frameworks contained coordinatively unsaturated metal sites as inherent Lewis acid sites, whereas postsynthetic modifications introduced the Brønsted acid sites in the framework. A direct one pot synthesis route was employed to produce the pristine MOF in pure aqueous medium without using any additives. The bulk structure, morphology, surface and bonding properties of the synthesized materials were thoroughly characterized with powder XRD, FTIR, XPS, FE-SEM, TGA, and N2 sorption isotherms. A qualitative evolution of acid strength was carried out over the functionalized MOFs. Among the post synthetic functionalized materials, carboxylic acid functionalized framework exhibited a very high yield of dihydropyrimidinones under solvent less moderate reaction conditions. The catalyst also demonstrated a robust recyclability and wide substrate scope. Comparative study showed a very high catalytic activity of the postsynthetic modified MOFs in comparison to the reported literature. The reaction condition was optimized by varying parameters like solvent, temperature, reaction duration and catalyst loadings. The mechanistic studies indicated the involvement of both the Lewis and Brønsted sites acid sites of the catalysts in the multicomponent reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandarupalli Krishna
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad-500078, India; Adama India Pvt. Ltd, Genome Valley Hyderabad - 500078, India
| | - Soumitra Payra
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad-500078, India
| | - Sounak Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad-500078, India.
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19
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Sysoeva AA, Novikov AS, Il'in MV, Suslonov VV, Bolotin DS. Predicting the catalytic activity of azolium-based halogen bond donors: an experimentally-verified theoretical study. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7611-7620. [PMID: 34323914 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01158h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This report demonstrates the successful application of electrostatic surface potential distribution analysis for evaluating the relative catalytic activity of a series of azolium-based halogen bond donors. A strong correlation (R2 > 0.97) was observed between the positive electrostatic potential of the σ-hole on the halogen atom and the Gibbs free energy of activation of the model reactions (i.e., halogen abstraction and carbonyl activation). The predictive ability of the applied approach was confirmed experimentally. It was also determined that the catalytic activity of azolium-based halogen bond donors was generally governed by the structure of the azolium cycle, whereas the substituents on the heterocycle had a limited impact on the activity. Ultimately, this study highlighted four of the most promising azolium halogen bond donors, which are expected to exhibit high catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A Sysoeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Mikhail V Il'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Vitalii V Suslonov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
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20
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Zhao Q, Savoie BM. Simultaneously improving reaction coverage and computational cost in automated reaction prediction tasks. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2021; 1:479-490. [PMID: 38217124 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-021-00101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Automated reaction prediction has the potential to elucidate complex reaction networks for applications ranging from combustion to materials degradation, but computational cost and inconsistent reaction coverage are still obstacles to exploring deep reaction networks. Here we show that cost can be reduced and reaction coverage can be increased simultaneously by relatively straightforward modifications of the reaction enumeration, geometry initialization and transition state convergence algorithms that are common to many prediction methodologies. These components are implemented in the context of yet another reaction program (YARP), our reaction prediction package with which we report reaction discovery benchmarks for organic single-step reactions, thermal degradation of a γ-ketohydroperoxide, and competing ring-closures in a large organic molecule. Compared with recent benchmarks, YARP (re)discovers both established and unreported reaction pathways and products while simultaneously reducing the cost of reaction characterization by nearly 100-fold and increasing convergence of transition states. This combination of ultra-low cost and high reaction coverage creates opportunities to explore the reactivity of larger systems and more complex reaction networks for applications such as chemical degradation, where computational cost is a bottleneck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Zhao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Brett M Savoie
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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21
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Manzoor S, Prajapati SK, Majumdar S, Raza MK, Gabr MT, Kumar S, Pal K, Rashid H, Kumar S, Krishnamurthy S, Hoda N. Discovery of new phenyl sulfonyl-pyrimidine carboxylate derivatives as the potential multi-target drugs with effective anti-Alzheimer's action: Design, synthesis, crystal structure and in-vitro biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 215:113224. [PMID: 33582578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is multifactorial, progressive neurodegeneration with impaired behavioural and cognitive functions. The multitarget-directed ligand (MTDL) strategies are promising paradigm in drug development, potentially leading to new possible therapy options for complex AD. Herein, a series of novel MTDLs phenylsulfonyl-pyrimidine carboxylate (BS-1 to BS-24) derivatives were designed and synthesized for AD treatment. All the synthesized compounds were validated by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HRMS, and BS-19 were structurally validated by X-Ray single diffraction analysis. To evaluate the plausible binding affinity of designed compounds, molecular docking study was performed, and the result revealed their significant interaction with active sites of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The synthesized compounds displayed moderate to excellent in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity against AChE and BuChE at nanomolar (nM) concentration. Among 24 compounds (BS-1 to BS-24), the optimal compounds (BS-10 and BS-22) displayed potential inhibition against AChE; IC50 = 47.33 ± 0.02 nM and 51.36 ± 0.04 nM and moderate inhibition against BuChE; IC50 = 159.43 ± 0.72 nM and 153.3 ± 0.74 nM respectively. In the enzyme kinetics study, the compound BS-10 displayed non-competitive inhibition of AChE with Ki = 8 nM. Respective compounds BS-10 and BS-22 inhibited AChE-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation in thioflavin T-assay at 10 μM and 20 μM, but BS-10 at 10 μM and 20 μM concentrations are found more potent than BS-22. In addition, the aggregation properties were determined by the dynamic light scattering (DLS) and was found that BS-10 and BS-22 could significantly inhibit self-induced as well as AChE-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation. The effect of compounds (BS-10 and BS-22) on the viability of MC65 neuroblastoma cells and their capability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in PAMPA-BBB were further studied. Further, in silico approach was applied to analyze physicochemical and pharmacokinetics properties of the designed compounds via the SwissADME and PreADMET server. Hence, the novel phenylsulfonyl-pyrimidine carboxylate derivatives can act as promising leads in the development of AChE inhibitors and Aβ disaggregator for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Manzoor
- Drug Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Prajapati
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, U.P, 221005, India
| | - Shreyasi Majumdar
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, U.P, 221005, India
| | - Md Kausar Raza
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Moustafa T Gabr
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Shivani Kumar
- University School of Biotechnology Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Dwarka, Sector 16C, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Kavita Pal
- Drug Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Haroon Rashid
- Drug Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- University School of Biotechnology Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Dwarka, Sector 16C, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, U.P, 221005, India.
| | - Nasimul Hoda
- Drug Design and Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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22
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Yunusova SN, Novikov AS, Soldatova NS, Vovk MA, Bolotin DS. Iodonium salts as efficient iodine(iii)-based noncovalent organocatalysts for Knorr-type reactions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:4574-4583. [PMID: 35424399 PMCID: PMC8694507 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09640g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine(iii)-derivatives display higher catalytic activity than other aliphatic and aromatic iodine(i)- or bromine(i)-containing substrates for a Knorr-type reaction of N-acetyl hydrazides with acetyl acetone to give N-acyl pyrazoles. The highest activity was observed for dibenziodolium triflate, for which 10 mol% resulted in the generation of N-acyl pyrazole from acyl hydrazide and acetyl acetone typically at 50 °C for 3.5-6 h with up to 99% isolated yields. 1H NMR titration data and DFT calculations indicate that the catalytic activity of the iodine(iii) is caused by the binding with a ketone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevilya N Yunusova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Natalia S Soldatova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A Vovk
- Center for Magnetic Resonance, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskii Pr., 26 Saint Petersburg 198504 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
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23
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Huseynzada AE, Jelch C, Akhundzada HVN, Soudani S, Ben Nasr C, Israyilova A, Doria F, Hasanova UA, Khankishiyeva RF, Freccero M. Synthesis, crystal structure and antibacterial studies of dihydropyrimidines and their regioselectively oxidized products. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6312-6329. [PMID: 35423136 PMCID: PMC8694924 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10255e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The syntheses and investigations of new biologically active derivatives of dihydropyrimidines by Biginelli reaction in the presence of copper triflate are reported. Due to the fact that salicylaldehyde and its derivatives under Biginelli reaction conditions can lead to the formation of 2 types of dihydropyrimidines, the influence of copper triflate on product formation was also investigated. In addition to this, regioselective oxidation of dihydropyrimidines was performed in the presence of cerium ammonium nitrate and novel oxidized dihydropyrimidines were obtained. Single crystals of some of them were obtained and as a result, the structures of them were investigated by X-ray diffraction method, which allows determining the presence of hydrogen bonds in their structures. In addition to this, the presence of hydrogen bonds in their structures affects the formation of the corresponding tautomer during oxidizing of dihydropyrimidines. Since dihydropyrimidines are claimed to be biologically active compounds, activities of the synthesized compounds were studied against Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Known methods of synthesis of dihydropyrimidines and their oxidized products were modified, the impact of hydrogen bonds on stabilization of preferred tautomer and biological activities were studied.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarra Soudani
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux
- Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
- Université de Carthage
- Zarzouna
- Tunisia
| | - Cherif Ben Nasr
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux
- Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
- Université de Carthage
- Zarzouna
- Tunisia
| | - Aygun Israyilova
- Department of Molecular biology and Biotechnology
- Baku State University
- Baku
- Azerbaijan
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24
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Shaibuna M, Kuniyil MJK, Sreekumar K. Deep eutectic solvent assisted synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones/thiones via Biginelli reaction: theoretical investigations on their electronic and global reactivity descriptors. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03879f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DES 2 (ZrOCl2·8H2O-ethylene glycol at 1 : 2 ratio) was used as a catalyst for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones/thiones via a Biginelli reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Shaibuna
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 682022, India
| | | | - K. Sreekumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 682022, India
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25
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Hatanaka M, Yoshimura T, Puripat M, Parasuk V. Stereoselectivity of the Biginelli Reaction Catalyzed by Chiral Primary Amine: A Computational Study. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Yunusova SN, Bolotin DS, Vovk MA, Tolstoy PM, Kukushkin VY. Tetrabromomethane as an Organic Catalyst: a Kinetic Study of CBr
4
‐Catalyzed Schiff Condensation. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevilya N. Yunusova
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S. Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A. Vovk
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Peter M. Tolstoy
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Crystal Engineering of Functional Materials South Ural State University 76, Lenin Av. 454080 Chelyabinsk Russian Federation
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27
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Huseynzada A, Jelsch C, Akhundzada H, Soudani S, Ben Nasr C, Doria F, Hasanova U, Freccero M. Synthesis, crystal structure and antibacterial properties of 6-methyl-2-oxo-4-(quinolin-2-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Shaikh TM, Nagarajan S, Kandasamy E. One Pot Multicomponent Biginelli Reaction Employing Ionic Liquids as an Organocatalyst. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337206666191001214521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
The N-heterocyclic compounds have been extensively studied in pharmaceutical
industries. Furthermore, syntheses of such compounds employing organo-catalyst have been associated
with sustainable technology.
Methods:
The synthesis of new, stable ionic liquids and their catalytic applications in one-pot multicomponent
Biginelli reaction is presented. The method provides broad substrate scope, yielding the
corresponding 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thiones, in good to
excellent yields, respectively.
Results and Conclusion:
The developed reactions are associated with certain advantages, short reaction
time and sustainable conditions. The protocol has advantages eco-friendly procedure, recovery and
reusability of catalyst, which showed consistent activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer M. Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, CNCS, Mekelle University, Mek'ele, Ethiopia
| | | | - Elango Kandasamy
- Dhanvanthri Lab, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
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29
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Ghavidel H, Mirza B, Soleimani‐Amiri S, Manafi M. New insight into experimental and theoretical mechanistic study on a green synthesis of functionalized 4
H
‐chromenes using magnetic nanoparticle catalyst. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201900554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ghavidel
- Department of Science, South Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Behrooz Mirza
- Department of Chemistry, Karaj branch Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran
| | | | - Mohammadreza Manafi
- Department of Science, South Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
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30
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Costanzo P, Nardi M, Oliverio M. Similarity and Competition between Biginelli and Hantzsch Reactions: an Opportunity for Modern Medicinal Chemistry. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Costanzo
- Department of Health Sciences; University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro; Viale Europa - Loc. Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Monica Nardi
- Department of Health Sciences; University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro; Viale Europa - Loc. Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Manuela Oliverio
- Department of Health Sciences; University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro; Viale Europa - Loc. Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
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31
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Sadati Sorkhi SE, Hashemi MM, Ezabadi A. Introduction of a novel dicationic Brönsted acidic ionic liquid based on pyrazine and its application in the synthesis of xanthenediones and 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under solvent-free conditions. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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32
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Mangala K, Sreekumar K. Study of polycarbosilane-supported copper(II) as a heterogeneous catalyst. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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33
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Singh P, Chauhan D, Chauhan S, Singh G, Quraishi M. Bioinspired synergistic formulation from dihydropyrimdinones and iodide ions for corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in sulphuric acid. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Karami S, Dekamin MG, Valiey E, Shakib P. DABA MNPs: a new and efficient magnetic bifunctional nanocatalyst for the green synthesis of biologically active pyrano[2,3- c]pyrazole and benzylpyrazolyl coumarin derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02666b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new core–shell magnetic silica functionalized with 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid nanocatalyst (Fe3O4@SiO2@PTS-DABA) was prepared and characterized. The Fe3O4@SiO2@PTS-DABA catalyst was applied for the synthesis of dihydropyranopyrazole and benzylpyrazolyl coumarin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Karami
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Mohammad G. Dekamin
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Ehsan Valiey
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Peyman Shakib
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
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35
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Moussa SB, Mehri A, Badraoui B. Magnesium modified calcium hydroxyapatite: An efficient and recyclable catalyst for the one-pot Biginelli condensation. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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36
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Ebajo VD, Santos CRL, Alea GV, Lin YA, Chen CH. Regenerable Acidity of Graphene Oxide in Promoting Multicomponent Organic Synthesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15579. [PMID: 31666532 PMCID: PMC6821726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Brønsted acidity of graphene oxide (GO) materials has shown promising activity in organic synthesis. However, roles and functionality of Lewis acid sites remain elusive. Herein, we reported a carbocatalytic approach utilizing both Brønsted and Lewis acid sites in GOs as heterogeneous promoters in a series of multicomponent synthesis of triazoloquinazolinone compounds. The GOs possessing the highest degree of oxidation, also having the highest amounts of Lewis acid sites, enable optimal yields (up to 95%) under mild and non-toxic reaction conditions (85 °C in EtOH). The results of FT-IR spectroscopy, temperature-programed decomposition mass spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy identified that the apparent Lewis acidity via basal plane epoxide ring opening, on top of the saturated Brønsted acidic carboxylic groups, is responsible for the enhanced carbocatalytic activities involving Knoevenagel condensation pathway. Recycled GO can be effectively regenerated to reach 97% activity of fresh GO, supporting the recognition of GO as pseudocatalyst in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgilio D Ebajo
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Cybele Riesse L Santos
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Glenn V Alea
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines.
| | - Yuya A Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
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37
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Understanding the Lack of Reactivity of 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde Towards the Biginelli Adduct Using Density Functional Theory Molecular Modeling. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7080521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Biginelli reaction is a multicomponent reaction for obtaining dihydropyrimidinthiones quickly, with multiple substitution patterns. The reaction mechanism remains unclear. Three possible pathways proposed for the reaction are the iminium route, an enamine intermediate, and the Knoevenagel pathway. However, when thiourea was used, no theoretical calculations were reported. Thus, based on the literature, the iminium pathway was used to obtain evidence explaining the lack of reactivity of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde towards the Biginelli adduct, compared with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. This computational study, carried out using the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory, showed an increment of 150 kJ/mol in the activation energy of the slowest pathway, due to the presence of a hydroxyl group in position 2 (ortho) of the aromatic aldehyde, decreasing its reactivity. Natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations suggest that the determinant steps are simultaneous, i.e., the polarization of the carbonyl group and its corresponding protonation by the hydrogen of the SH fragment of the thiourea tautomer. The activation enthalpy values suggest that the nucleophile attack takes place later on the compound 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde compared to 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde-TS, confirming that the OH group in position 2 hinders the condensation reaction.
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38
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Lee CW, Taylor BLH, Petrova GP, Patel A, Morokuma K, Houk KN, Stoltz BM. An Unexpected Ireland–Claisen Rearrangement Cascade During the Synthesis of the Tricyclic Core of Curcusone C: Mechanistic Elucidation by Trial-and-Error and Automatic Artificial Force-Induced Reaction (AFIR) Computations. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6995-7004. [PMID: 30907087 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chung Whan Lee
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Buck L. H. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Galina P. Petrova
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Ashay Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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39
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Kong R, Han SB, Wei JY, Peng XC, Xie ZB, Gong SS, Sun Q. Highly Efficient Synthesis of Substituted 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2-(1 H)-ones (DHPMs) Catalyzed by Hf(OTf)₄: Mechanistic Insights into Reaction Pathways under Metal Lewis Acid Catalysis and Solvent-Free Conditions. Molecules 2019; 24:E364. [PMID: 30669606 PMCID: PMC6359175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In our studies on the catalytic activity of Group IVB transition metal Lewis acids, Hf(OTf)₄ was identified as a highly potent catalyst for "one-pot, three-component" Biginelli reaction. More importantly, it was found that solvent-free conditions, in contrast to solvent-based conditions, could dramatically promote the Hf(OTf)₄-catalyzed formation of 3,4-dihydro-pyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones. To provide a mechanistic explanation, we closely examined the catalytic effects of Hf(OTf)₄ on all three potential reaction pathways in both "sequential bimolecular condensations" and "one-pot, three-component" manners. The experimental results showed that the synergistic effects of solvent-free conditions and Hf(OTf)₄ catalysis not only drastically accelerate Biginelli reaction by enhancing the imine route and activating the enamine route but also avoid the formation of Knoevenagel adduct, which may lead to an undesired byproduct. In addition, ¹H-MMR tracing of the H-D exchange reaction of methyl acetoacetate in MeOH-d₄ indicated that Hf(IV) cation may significantly accelerate ketone-enol tautomerization and activate the β-ketone moiety, thereby contributing to the overall reaction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Shuai-Bo Han
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jing-Ying Wei
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiao-Chong Peng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhen-Biao Xie
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Shan-Shan Gong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
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40
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Khaskel A, Barman P, Maiti SK, Jana U. Nebivolol nanoparticles: a first catalytic use in Biginelli and Biginelli-like reactions. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the catalytic activity of nebivolol nanoparticles a novel organocatalyst for the synthesis of DHPMs and DHPM-5-carboxamides. The nanoparticles are confirmed by DSC, TEM, AFM, and IR spectroscopy. The catalyst can be readily recovered and reused for the next four runs without any significant impact on the yields of the products. The products are fully characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and distortionless enhanced polarization transfer (DEPT) NMR. The methodology adopted here offers several advantages such as solvent-free reaction, low loading of catalyst, short reaction times, and quantifiable yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Khaskel
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, Assam, India
| | - Pranjit Barman
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, Assam, India
| | - Subir Kumar Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, Assam, India
| | - Utpal Jana
- School of Pharmacy, Chouksey Engineering College, Lal Khadan, NH-49, Bilaspur 495004, India
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41
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Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and its effective applications in Biginelli reaction, BTB photodegradation and antibacterial activity. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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42
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Simm GN, Vaucher AC, Reiher M. Exploration of Reaction Pathways and Chemical Transformation Networks. J Phys Chem A 2018; 123:385-399. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor N. Simm
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alain C. Vaucher
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reiher
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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43
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Devthade V, Kamble G, Ghugal SG, Chikhalia KH, Umare SS. Visible Light-Driven Biginelli Reaction over Mesoporous g-C3
N4
Lewis-Base Catalyst. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vidyasagar Devthade
- Materials and Catalysis Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT); Nagpur India
| | | | - Sachin G Ghugal
- Materials and Catalysis Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT); Nagpur India
- School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli; Hyderabad India
| | | | - Suresh S Umare
- Materials and Catalysis Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT); Nagpur India
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44
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Dhopte KB, Zambare RS, Patwardhan AV, Nemade PR. Role of Degree of Oxidation of Graphene Oxide on Biginelli Reaction Kinetics. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran B. Dhopte
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra 400019 India
| | - Rahul S. Zambare
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra 400019 India
| | - Anand V. Patwardhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra 400019 India
| | - Parag R. Nemade
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra 400019 India
- Department of Oils; Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology; Institute of Chemical Technology; Nathalal Parekh Marg Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 019 India.Tel.: + 91-22 3361 2027Fax: +91- 22 3361 1020, E-Mail address
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45
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Dewyer AL, Argüelles AJ, Zimmerman PM. Methods for exploring reaction space in molecular systems. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Dewyer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
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46
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Ben Moussa S, Lachheb J, Gruselle M, Maaten B, Kriis K, Kanger T, Tõnsuaadu K, Badraoui B. Calcium, Barium and Strontium apatites: A new generation of catalysts in the Biginelli reaction. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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47
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Fu R, Yang Y, Ma X, Sun Y, Li J, Gao H, Hu H, Zeng X, Yi J. An Efficient, Eco-friendly and Sustainable One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones Directly from Alcohols Catalyzed by Heteropolyanion-Based Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2017; 22:E1531. [PMID: 28891992 PMCID: PMC6151647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient, eco-friendly and sustainable access to 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones directly from alcohols under microwave and solvent-free conditions has been reported. The practical protocol involves heteropolyanion-based catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes with NaNO₃ as the oxidant followed by cyclocondensation with dicarbonyl compounds and urea or thiourea in a two-step, one-pot manner. Compatibility with different functional groups, good to excellent yields and reusable catalysts are the main highlights. The utilization of alcohols instead of aldehydes is a valid and green alternative to the classical Biginelli reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhong Fu
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Xudong Ma
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Jin Li
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Hang Gao
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Huaxing Hu
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Jun Yi
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Material, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
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48
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Essid I, Lahbib K, Kaminsky W, Ben Nasr C, Touil S. 5-phosphonato-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1 H )-ones: Zinc triflate-catalyzed one-pot multi-component synthesis, X-ray crystal structure and anti-inflammatory activity. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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49
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Kabeer SA, Reddy GR, Sreelakshmi P, Manidhar DM, Reddy CS. TiO2
-SiO2
Catalyzed Eco-friendly Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Benzopyrano[2,3-d
]pyrimidine Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Poola Sreelakshmi
- Department of Chemistry; Sri Venkateswara University; Tirupati 517 502 India
| | - Darla Mark Manidhar
- Department of Chemistry; Sri Venkateswara University; Tirupati 517 502 India
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50
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Boukis AC, Monney B, Meier MAR. Synthesis of structurally diverse 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1 H)-ones via sequential Biginelli and Passerini reactions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:54-62. [PMID: 28179948 PMCID: PMC5238564 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Biginelli reaction was combined with the Passerini reaction for the first time in a sequential multicomponent tandem reaction approach. After evaluation of all possible linker components and a suitable solvent system, highly functionalized dihydropyrimidone-α-acyloxycarboxamide compounds were obtained in good to excellent yields. In a first reaction step, different 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one acids were synthesized, isolated and fully characterized. These products were subsequently used in a Passerini reaction utilizing a dichloromethane/dimethyl sulfoxide solvent mixture. By variation of the components in both multicomponent reactions, a large number of structurally diverse compounds could be synthesized. In addition, a one-pot Biginelli-Passerini tandem reaction was demonstrated. All products were carefully characterized via 1D and 2D NMR as well as IR and HRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas C Boukis
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry, Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Building 30.48, Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Baptiste Monney
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry, Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Building 30.48, Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael A R Meier
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Organic Chemistry, Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Building 30.48, Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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