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Vinayagam V, Sadhukhan SK, Botla DV, Chittem RR, Kasu SR, Hajay Kumar TV. Mild Method for Deprotection of the N-Benzyloxycarbonyl ( N-Cbz) Group by the Combination of AlCl 3 and HFIP. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5665-5674. [PMID: 38574289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report our findings on the novel ability of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) in fluorinated solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol [HFIP] to selectively deprotect the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group (N-Cbz). The salient features of this method are good functional group tolerance including other reducible groups, cost-effectiveness, easy-to-handle, safe protocol, amenable to scale-up, high yields, and ambient temperature reactions. The methodology would serve as an excellent alternative to the use of pyrophoric hydrogen gas and metal catalyst reagents that pose severe safety and environmental concerns. The most notable feature of this methodology is the orthogonal deprotection of the N-Cbz group in the presence of O- and N-Bn protecting groups, hence, expanding the scope for designing synthetic routes to target compounds requiring multiple functional group transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinothkumar Vinayagam
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Subir Kumar Sadhukhan
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Durga Varaprasad Botla
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajashekar Reddy Chittem
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sreenivasa Reddy Kasu
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Tanguturi Venkatanarayana Hajay Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
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2
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Crespo Monteiro M, Vale JR, Siopa F. 2-Azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold: synthesis and applications. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2902-2915. [PMID: 38526533 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00199k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
2-Azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes are nitrogen containing heterocycles with significant potential in the field of drug discovery. This core has been applied as key synthetic intermediate in several total synthesis, while their unique structure can make them a challenging scaffold to acquire. This Minireview summarizes the synthetic approaches to access this bicyclic architecture and highlights its presence in the total synthesis of several target molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Crespo Monteiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - João Rafael Vale
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Filipa Siopa
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
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3
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Liang YF, Bilal M, Tang LY, Wang TZ, Guan YQ, Cheng Z, Zhu M, Wei J, Jiao N. Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage for Late-Stage Functionalization. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12313-12370. [PMID: 37942891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Late-stage functionalization (LSF) introduces functional group or structural modification at the final stage of the synthesis of natural products, drugs, and complex compounds. It is anticipated that late-stage functionalization would improve drug discovery's effectiveness and efficiency and hasten the creation of various chemical libraries. Consequently, late-stage functionalization of natural products is a productive technique to produce natural product derivatives, which significantly impacts chemical biology and drug development. Carbon-carbon bonds make up the fundamental framework of organic molecules. Compared with the carbon-carbon bond construction, the carbon-carbon bond activation can directly enable molecular editing (deletion, insertion, or modification of atoms or groups of atoms) and provide a more efficient and accurate synthetic strategy. However, the efficient and selective activation of unstrained carbon-carbon bonds is still one of the most challenging projects in organic synthesis. This review encompasses the strategies employed in recent years for carbon-carbon bond cleavage by explicitly focusing on their applicability in late-stage functionalization. This review expands the current discourse on carbon-carbon bond cleavage in late-stage functionalization reactions by providing a comprehensive overview of the selective cleavage of various types of carbon-carbon bonds. This includes C-C(sp), C-C(sp2), and C-C(sp3) single bonds; carbon-carbon double bonds; and carbon-carbon triple bonds, with a focus on catalysis by transition metals or organocatalysts. Additionally, specific topics, such as ring-opening processes involving carbon-carbon bond cleavage in three-, four-, five-, and six-membered rings, are discussed, and exemplar applications of these techniques are showcased in the context of complex bioactive molecules or drug discovery. This review aims to shed light on recent advancements in the field and propose potential avenues for future research in the realm of late-stage carbon-carbon bond functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Le-Yu Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tian-Zhang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zengrui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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4
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Sharma P, Taneja N, Singh S, Hazra CK. Brønsted-Acid-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of β,β-Diaryl Esters: Direct Regioselective Approach to Diverse Arrays of 3-Aryl-1-indanone Cores. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202956. [PMID: 36200620 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A three-component, solvent-dependent, Brønsted-acid-catalyzed reaction of benzaldehydes, silyl enolates and arene nucleophiles has been developed for the synthesis of potential drug candidate 3-aryl-1-indanones. This reaction features the formation of three C-C bonds, high regioselectivity in a one-pot strategy, broad substrate generality, facile scalability (1.04g), high functional group tolerance and viable substrates. The β-O-silyl ethers generated in-situ from the Mukaiyama aldol reaction were subjected to acid-catalyzed benzylic arylation with strong as well as weak nucleophiles, and the resultant β,β-diaryl esters can undergo a third C-C bond formation with excellent regioselectivity through intramolecular cyclization to afford the indanone products in the same pot. Detailed mechanistic insight leads to a feasible reaction pathway. This transformation opens up a practical and adaptable approach to producing a variety of synthetically valuable transformations and enable the synthesis of medicinally valuable (R)-tolterodine and (+)-indatraline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Neha Taneja
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Chinmoy K Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
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5
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Witt CH, Woerpel KA. Diastereoselective Alkylations of Chiral Tetrazolo[1,5- a]azepines via Heterobenzylic Anion Intermediates. Org Lett 2022; 24:6722-6727. [PMID: 36095147 PMCID: PMC9850863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The alkylations of chiral seven-membered rings fused to tetrazoles are highly diastereoselective. The diastereoselectivity depended on the placement and the size of the substituent on the ring and on the electrophile. Subsequent alkylations occurred with high stereoselectivity, allowing for the construction of quaternary stereocenters. Computational studies revealed that torsional effects are responsible for the observed diastereoselectivities. Substituted products can be reduced to the corresponding secondary amines, thus providing an approach for synthesizing diastereomerically enriched azepanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin H. Witt
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - K. A. Woerpel
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, United States
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6
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Di Iulio GA, Mahon MF, Caggiano L. Exploring Convergent Two‐Step Synthetic Approaches to the Pancratistatin Framework. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma A. Di Iulio
- Medicinal Chemistry Section Department of Life Sciences University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Lorenzo Caggiano
- Medicinal Chemistry Section Department of Life Sciences University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
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7
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Motiwala HF, Armaly AM, Cacioppo JG, Coombs TC, Koehn KRK, Norwood VM, Aubé J. HFIP in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12544-12747. [PMID: 35848353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a polar, strongly hydrogen bond-donating solvent that has found numerous uses in organic synthesis due to its ability to stabilize ionic species, transfer protons, and engage in a range of other intermolecular interactions. The use of this solvent has exponentially increased in the past decade and has become a solvent of choice in some areas, such as C-H functionalization chemistry. In this review, following a brief history of HFIP in organic synthesis and an overview of its physical properties, literature examples of organic reactions using HFIP as a solvent or an additive are presented, emphasizing the effect of solvent of each reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim F Motiwala
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Ahlam M Armaly
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jackson G Cacioppo
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Thomas C Coombs
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403 United States
| | - Kimberly R K Koehn
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
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8
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Jankowski N, Dietrich J, Krause N. Transition Metal‐free Cycloisomerization of Propargylic Amides to Oxazoles in Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP). Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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9
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SINGH JITENDER, Sharma A. Green and Sustainable Visible Light-Mediated Formation of Amide Bonds: An Emerging Niche in Organic Chemistry. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02406c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amide bond is one of the most fascinating functional groups in nature due to its stability, conformational diversity, high bond polarity, and abundance in numerous natural products and drug candidates,...
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10
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Zheng Y, Fang X, Deng WH, Zhao B, Liao RZ, Xie Y. Direct activation of alcohols via perrhenate ester formation for an intramolecular dehydrative Friedel–Crafts reaction. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A general and highly efficient intramolecular dehydrative Friedel–Crafts reactions via Re2O7 mediated hydroxyl group activation is described for the syntheses of tetrahydronaphthalene, tetrahydroquinoline, tetrahydroisoquinoline, chromane, and isochromane derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Youwei Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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11
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Jaiswal V, Godara M, Das D, Gandon V, Saha J. Leveraging the Domino Skeletal Expansion of Thia-/Selenazolidinones via Nitrogen-Atom Transfer in Hexafluoroisopropanol: Room Temperature Access to Six-Membered S/Se,N-Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2021; 87:613-627. [PMID: 34904438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a highly regioselective domino skeletal-expansion process that transforms 2-aminothiazolidinone into six-membered S,N-heterocycle is developed with the aid of TMS-azide in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) at ambient temperature. Functioning of the C2 tertiary amine as latent reactive group on thiazolidinone moiety was the key to this development, which allowed relay substitution with azide and imparted subsequent ring-expansion under metal/acid free-conditions. The reaction also underscored an intermolecular nitrogen-atom transfer process from TMS-azide leading to final products, where any intermediary azidothiazolidinone was absent. The strategy was extendable to analogous synthesis of Se,N-heterocycles, and furthermore, late-stage drug-modification and follow-up transformations were also performed. Density functional theory calculations and control experiments provided important mechanistic insights and highlighted potential roles of HFIP in the transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Jaiswal
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Mangilal Godara
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Dinabandhu Das
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Jaideep Saha
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
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12
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Škorić DĐ, Klisurić OR, Jakimov DS, Sakač MN, Csanádi JJ. Synthesis of new bile acid-fused tetrazoles using the Schmidt reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2611-2620. [PMID: 34760027 PMCID: PMC8551880 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A practical and high-yielding Schmidt reaction for the synthesis of fused tetrazoles from bile acid precursors was developed. Mild reaction conditions using TMSN3 instead of hydrazoic acid as an azide source produced good yields of the desired tetrazoles. These conditions could be applied to other steroidal precursors. Additionally, an improved methodology for the synthesis of different ketone and enone precursors from cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and chenodeoxycholic acid was established. Newly obtained tetrazole derivatives were characterized by NMR and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. In a number of cases, preliminary antiproliferative tests of new compounds showed strong and selective activity towards certain tumor cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Đ Škorić
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Olivera R Klisurić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dimitar S Jakimov
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put Dr Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Marija N Sakač
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - János J Csanádi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Qiu X, Wang Y, Su L, Jin R, Song S, Qin Q, Li J, Zong B, Jiao N. Selective
Carbon‐Carbon
Bond Amination with
Redox‐Active
Aminating Reagents: A Direct Approach to Anilines
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
| | - Yachong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
| | - Lingyu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
| | - Rui Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC 100083 Beijing China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
| | - Qixue Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
| | - Baoning Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC 100083 Beijing China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
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14
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Hassan Tolba A, Krupička M, Chudoba J, Cibulka R. Amide Bond Formation via Aerobic Photooxidative Coupling of Aldehydes with Amines Catalyzed by a Riboflavin Derivative. Org Lett 2021; 23:6825-6830. [PMID: 34424722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report an effective, operationally simple, and environmentally friendly system for the synthesis of tertiary amides by the oxidative coupling of aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes with amines mediated by riboflavin tetraacetate (RFTA), an inexpensive organic photocatalyst, and visible light using oxygen as the sole oxidant. The method is based on the oxidative power of an excited flavin catalyst and the relatively low oxidation potential of the hemiaminal formed by amine to aldehyde addition.
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15
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Bhattacharya A, mani Shukla P, Maji B. “Haliranium Ion”‐Induced Intermolecular Friedel‐Crafts Alkylation in HFIP: Synthesis of β,β‐Diaryl α‐Halo carbonyl Compounds. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Anuppur-484886 India
| | - Pushpendra mani Shukla
- Department of Chemistry Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Anuppur-484886 India
| | - Biswajit Maji
- Department of Chemistry Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Anuppur-484886 India
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16
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Efimenko NI, Tomashenko OA, Spiridonova DV, Novikov MS, Khlebnikov AF. Nucleophile-Induced Rearrangement of 2 H-Azirine-2-carbonyl Azides to 2-(1 H-Tetrazol-1-yl)acetic Acid Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 23:6362-6366. [PMID: 34382398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
2H-Azirine-2-carbonyl azides undergo a rearrangement into derivatives of 2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetic acid when interacting with O- and S-nucleophiles at room temperature. The reaction is catalyzed by tertiary amines or hydrazoic acid. The reaction with primary alcohols and phenols gives alkyl/aryl 2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetates. Thiophenols react with 2H-azirine-2-carbonyl azides to afford S-aryl 2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethanethioates. The mechanism of the nucleophile-induced rearrangement of 2H-azirine-2-carbonyl azides is discussed on the basis of DFT calculations as well as kinetic and 15N labeling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita I Efimenko
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Olesya A Tomashenko
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Dar'ya V Spiridonova
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Alexander F Khlebnikov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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17
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Abstract
Interrupted reactions reroute established processes to new and often unanticipated end points. Of particular interest are the cases in which a known reactive intermediate takes on a new reaction pathway, either because this pathway is lower in energy or because the conventional pathway is no longer available. Through analysis of documented cases, we aim to dissect the known interrupted reactions and trace their mechanistic origins. As new chemical processes are being discovered at a seemingly ever-increasing pace, it is likely that new interrupted reactions will continue to emerge. Our hope is that the cases considered in this Review will help identify new classes of these fascinating transformations.
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18
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Wedi P, Farizyan M, Bergander K, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, van Gemmeren M. Mechanism of the Arene-Limited Nondirected C-H Activation of Arenes with Palladium*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15641-15649. [PMID: 33998116 PMCID: PMC8361776 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently palladium catalysts have been discovered that enable the directing-group-free C-H activation of arenes without requiring an excess of the arene substrate, thereby enabling methods for the late-stage modification of complex organic molecules. The key to success has been the use of two complementary ligands, an N-acyl amino acid and an N-heterocycle. Detailed experimental and computational mechanistic studies on the dual-ligand-enabled C-H activation of arenes have led us to identify the catalytically active species and a transition state model that explains the exceptional activity and selectivity of these catalysts. These findings are expected to be highly useful for further method development using this powerful class of catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wedi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Mirxan Farizyan
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
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19
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Wedi P, Farizyan M, Bergander K, Mück‐Lichtenfeld C, Gemmeren M. Mechanismus der Aren‐limitierten, nicht‐dirigierten C‐H‐Aktivierung von Arenen mit Palladium**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wedi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Mirxan Farizyan
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Christian Mück‐Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Manuel Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
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20
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Triflic acid catalysed regioselective synthesis of substituted naphthalenes by benzannulation of carbonyls with alkynes. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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Xu L, Zhang SZ, Li W, Zhang ZH. Visible-Light-Mediated Oxidative Amidation of Aldehydes by Using Magnetic CdS Quantum Dots as a Photocatalyst. Chemistry 2021; 27:5483-5491. [PMID: 33403733 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A magnetic CdS quantum dot (Fe3 O4 /polydopamine (PDA)/CdS) was synthesized through a facile and convenient method from inexpensive starting materials. Characterization of the prepared catalyst was performed by means of FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, TEM, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating-sample magnetometer techniques. Fe3 O4 /PDA/CdS was found to be a highly active photocatalyst for the amidation of aromatic aldehydes by using air as a clean oxidant under mild conditions. The photocatalyst can be recovered by magnetic separation and successfully reused for five cycles without considerable loss of its catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Shuai-Zheng Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Zhan-Hui Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
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22
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Sheng Y, Zhou J, Gao Y, Duan B, Wang Y, Samorodov A, Liang G, Zhao Q, Song Z. Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed Direct C7-Selective Amidation of Indoles with Dioxazolones at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2827-2839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Sheng
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jianmin Zhou
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Bingbing Duan
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | | | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qiuhua Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zengqiang Song
- Chemical Biology Research Center at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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23
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Milovanović MR, Dherbassy Q, Wencel‐Delord J, Colobert F, Zarić SD, Djukic J. The Affinity of Some Lewis Bases for Hexafluoroisopropanol as a Reference Lewis Acid: An ITC/DFT Study. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2136-2142. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Milan R. Milovanović
- Innovation center of Faculty of Chemistry Studentski trg 12–16 11000 Belgrade Serbia
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Systémique Organo-Métalliques (UMR 7177) Université de Strasbourg 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Quentin Dherbassy
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg 25, rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Joanna Wencel‐Delord
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg 25, rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Françoise Colobert
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg 25, rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Snežana D. Zarić
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Belgrade Studentski trg 12–16 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Jean‐Pierre Djukic
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Systémique Organo-Métalliques (UMR 7177) Université de Strasbourg 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
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24
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Pozhydaiev V, Power M, Gandon V, Moran J, Lebœuf D. Exploiting hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11548-11564. [PMID: 32930690 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05194b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a solvent with unique properties that has recently gained attention for promoting a wide range of challenging chemical reactions. It was initially believed that HFIP was almost exclusively involved in the stabilization of cationic intermediates, owing to its high polarity and low nucleophilicity. However, in many cases, the mechanism of action of HFIP appears to be more complex. Recent findings reveal that many Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed transformations conducted in HFIP additionally involve cooperation between the catalyst and HFIP hydrogen-bond clusters, akin to Lewis- or Brønsted acid-assisted-Brønsted acid catalysis. This feature article showcases the remarkable versatility of HFIP in Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions, with an emphasis on examples yielding mechanistic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyn Pozhydaiev
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Martin Power
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - David Lebœuf
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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25
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Cho JH, Byun S, Cho A, Kim BM. One-pot, chemoselective synthesis of secondary amines from aryl nitriles using a PdPt–Fe 3O 4 nanoparticle catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00630k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a new catalytic method for the one-pot, cascade synthesis of unsymmetrical secondary amines via the reductive amination of aryl nitriles with nitroalkanes using a PdPt–Fe3O4 nanoparticle (NP) catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmoon Byun
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ahra Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu
- Republic of Korea
| | - B. Moon Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Seoul National University
- Gwanak-gu
- Republic of Korea
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26
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Liu J, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Wen X, Dou X, Wei J, Qiu X, Song S, Jiao N. Nitromethane as a nitrogen donor in Schmidt-type formation of amides and nitriles. Science 2019; 367:281-285. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Schmidt reaction has been an efficient and widely used synthetic approach to amides and nitriles since its discovery in 1923. However, its application often entails the use of volatile, potentially explosive, and highly toxic azide reagents. Here, we report a sequence whereby triflic anhydride and formic and acetic acids activate the bulk chemical nitromethane to serve as a nitrogen donor in place of azides in Schmidt-like reactions. This protocol further expands the substrate scope to alkynes and simple alkyl benzenes for the preparation of amides and nitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaojin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaodong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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27
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Singh D, Ha HJ. Metal-free aza-Claisen type ring expansion of vinyl aziridines: an expeditious synthesis of seven membered N-heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3093-3097. [PMID: 30644494 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03029d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free approach for the synthesis of 7-membered aza-heterocycles has been developed by the intermolecular [5 + 2] cycloaddition of non-activated vinylaziridines and alkynes. This method has a broad substrate scope under mild reaction conditions to afford structurally diverse 7-membered N-heterocycles in high yield up to 92%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, 17035, Korea.
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28
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Nimnual P, Tummatorn J, Boekfa B, Thongsornkleeb C, Ruchirawat S, Piyachat P, Punjajom K. Construction of 5-Aminotetrazoles via in Situ Generation of Carbodiimidium Ions from Ketones Promoted by TMSN 3/TfOH. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5603-5613. [PMID: 30945854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel synthetic approach for the synthesis of 5-aminotetrazoles has been developed by employing simple ketones as substrates. This methodology involved the N2-extrusion/aryl migration of azido complexes as the key step for the in situ generation of carbodiimidium ion, which could further react with hydrazoic acid and cyclize intramolecularly to provide 5-aminotetrazoles in good to excellent yields. In addition, the regioselectivity of the reaction was studied and rationalized by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phongprapan Nimnual
- Program on Chemical Biology , Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Jumreang Tummatorn
- Program on Chemical Biology , Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , Chulabhorn Research Institute , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Bundet Boekfa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science , Kasetsart University , Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Bangkok , Nakhon Pathom 73140 , Thailand
| | - Charnsak Thongsornkleeb
- Program on Chemical Biology , Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , Chulabhorn Research Institute , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Program on Chemical Biology , Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , Chulabhorn Research Institute , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Pawida Piyachat
- Program on Chemical Biology , Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Kunlayanee Punjajom
- Program on Chemical Biology , Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education , 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 , Laksi , Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
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29
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Ishihara K, Shioiri T, Matsugi M. Stereospecific synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles from ketoximes via a Beckmann rearrangement facilitated by diphenyl phosphorazidate. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Abstract
HFIP has developed immense importance in the C–H functionalization methodology. Both the reactivity and selectivity have been vastly improved using HFIP whose H-bonding to the substrate facilitates and accelerates C–H activation. This review summarizes the chronological development of the evolution of HFIP in C–H activation along with important mechanistic details.
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31
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Tang RJ, Milcent T, Crousse B. Bisulfate Salt-Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Benzylation of Arenes with Benzylic Alcohols. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14001-14009. [PMID: 30378425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report here a method of direct Friedel-Crafts benzylation of arenes with benzylic alcohols using cheap and readily available bisulfate salt as the catalyst in hexafluoroisopropanol. The catalytic system is powerful with a quite diverse group of functionalized arenes and benzylic alcohols. These mild conditions provide a straightforward synthesis of a variety of unsymmetrical diarylmethanes in high yield with good to high regioselectivity. An SN1 mechanism involving activation of the hydroxy group through a hydrogen bond is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jin Tang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 8076, BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS , University Paris-Saclay , 92290 Châtenay-Malabry , France
| | - Thierry Milcent
- Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 8076, BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS , University Paris-Saclay , 92290 Châtenay-Malabry , France
| | - Benoit Crousse
- Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 8076, BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS , University Paris-Saclay , 92290 Châtenay-Malabry , France
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32
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Charaschanya M, Li K, Motiwala HF, Aubé J. An Interrupted Schmidt Reaction: C-C Bond Formation Arising from Nitrilium Ion Capture. Org Lett 2018; 20:6354-6358. [PMID: 30277406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rerouting of the nitrilium ion formed in the Schmidt reaction of ketones and TMSN3 to encompass C-C bond formation with an electron-rich aromatic group is reported. Thus, when the reaction is carried out in HFIP using AlCl3 or AlBr3 as the promoter, imines, iminium ions, or enamide derivatives are obtained through one-pot procedures. The scope and possible mechanisms of these new transformations are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manwika Charaschanya
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-7363 , United States
| | - Kelin Li
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-7363 , United States
| | - Hashim F Motiwala
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-7363 , United States
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-7363 , United States
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33
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Richmond E, Yi J, Vuković VD, Sajadi F, Rowley CN, Moran J. Ring-opening hydroarylation of monosubstituted cyclopropanes enabled by hexafluoroisopropanol. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6411-6416. [PMID: 30310570 PMCID: PMC6115651 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02126k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring-opening hydroarylation of cyclopropanes is typically limited to substrates bearing a donor-acceptor motif. Here, the transformation is achieved for monosubstituted cyclopropanes by using catalytic Brønsted acid in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) solvent, constituting a rare example where such cyclopropanes engage in intermolecular C-C bond formation. Branched products are obtained when electron-rich arylcyclopropanes react with a broad scope of arene nucleophiles in accord with a simple SN1-type ring-opening mechanism. In contrast, linear products are obtained when cyclopropylketones react with electron-rich arene nucleophiles. In the latter case, mechanistic experiments and DFT-calculations support a homo-conjugate addition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Richmond
- University of Strasbourg , CNRS , ISIS UMR 7006 , 67000 Strasbourg , France .
| | - Jing Yi
- University of Strasbourg , CNRS , ISIS UMR 7006 , 67000 Strasbourg , France .
| | - Vuk D Vuković
- University of Strasbourg , CNRS , ISIS UMR 7006 , 67000 Strasbourg , France .
| | - Fatima Sajadi
- Memorial University of Newfoundland , 283 Prince Philip Drive , St. John's , NL , Canada A1B 3X7 .
| | - Christopher N Rowley
- Memorial University of Newfoundland , 283 Prince Philip Drive , St. John's , NL , Canada A1B 3X7 .
| | - Joseph Moran
- University of Strasbourg , CNRS , ISIS UMR 7006 , 67000 Strasbourg , France .
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34
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Lu L, Liu H, Hua R. HNO 3/HFIP: A Nitrating System for Arenes with Direct Observation of π-Complex Intermediates. Org Lett 2018; 20:3197-3201. [PMID: 29767980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This report describes an efficient nitrating system for the nitration of arenes at room temperature by using an equivalent of nitric acid in HFIP (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol). The π-complex intermediate of an arene with a nitronium ion stabilized by HFIP can be directly observed by UV-vis spectra and is supported by theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Huixin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Ruimao Hua
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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35
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Reagent-controlled regiodivergent ring expansions of steroids. Nat Commun 2018; 9:934. [PMID: 29507290 PMCID: PMC5838248 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring expansion provides a powerful way of introducing a heteroatom substituent into a carbocyclic framework. However, such reactions are often limited by the tendency of a given substrate to afford only one of the two rearrangement products or fail to achieve high selectivity at all. These limitations are particularly acute when seeking to carry out late-stage functionalization of natural products as starting points in drug discovery. In this work, we present a stereoelectronically controlled ring expansion sequence towards selective and flexible access to complementary ring systems derived from common steroidal substrates. Chemical diversification of the reaction intermediate affords over 100 isomerically pure analogs with spatial and functional diversity. This regiodivergent rearrangement, and the concept of using chiral reagents to affect regiocontrol in chiral natural products, should be broadly applicable to late-stage natural product diversification programs. Late-stage diversification of natural products is an important starting point for drug discovery. Here, the authors use chiral reagents to perform the regiocontrolled ring expansion of steroid precursors and achieve more than 100 isomerically pure analogs with spatial and functional diversity.
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36
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Richmond E, Vuković VD, Moran J. Nucleophilic Ring Opening of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes Catalyzed by a Brønsted Acid in Hexafluoroisopropanol. Org Lett 2018; 20:574-577. [PMID: 29345947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general, Brønsted acid catalyzed method for the room temperature, nucleophilic ring opening of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes in fluorinated alcohol solvent, HFIP, is described. Salient features of this method include an expanded cyclopropane scope, including those bearing single keto-acceptor groups and those bearing electron-deficient aryl groups. Notably, the catalytic system proved amenable to a wide range of nucleophiles including arenes, indoles, azides, diketones, and alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Richmond
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006 , 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vuk D Vuković
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006 , 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006 , 67000 Strasbourg, France
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37
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Roy S, Motiwala HF, Koshlap KM, Aubé J. Hexafluoroisopropanol and Acetyl Chloride Promoted Catalytic Hydroarylation with Phenols. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Roy
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry and the Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery; UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy; University of North Carolina; 27599 North Carolina USA
| | - Hashim F. Motiwala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; University of Kansas; Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center; 2034 Becker Drive, West Campus 66047 Lawrence Kansas USA
| | - Karl M. Koshlap
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry and the Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery; UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy; University of North Carolina; 27599 North Carolina USA
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry and the Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery; UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy; University of North Carolina; 27599 North Carolina USA
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39
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Kazakova AN, Vasilyev AV. Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in organic synthesis. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428017040017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Harnessing the catalytic behaviour of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP): An expeditious synthesis of thioesters. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Catalytic Friedel-Crafts Reactions of Highly Electronically Deactivated Benzylic Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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42
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Vuković VD, Richmond E, Wolf E, Moran J. Catalytic Friedel-Crafts Reactions of Highly Electronically Deactivated Benzylic Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3085-3089. [PMID: 28156038 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Highly electronically deactivated benzylic alcohols, including those with a CF3 group adjacent to the OH-bearing carbon, undergo dehydrative Friedel-Crafts reactions upon exposure to catalytic Brønsted acid in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) solvent. Titration and kinetic experiments support the involvement of higher order solvent/acid clusters in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuk D Vuković
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Edward Richmond
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eléna Wolf
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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43
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Ostrovskii V, Popova E, Trifonov R. Developments in Tetrazole Chemistry (2009–16). ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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44
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Lebœuf D, Marin L, Michelet B, Perez-Luna A, Guillot R, Schulz E, Gandon V. Harnessing the Lewis Acidity of HFIP through its Cooperation with a Calcium(II) Salt: Application to the Aza-Piancatelli Reaction. Chemistry 2016; 22:16165-16171. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Lebœuf
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO); CNRS UMR 8182; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Lucile Marin
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO); CNRS UMR 8182; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Bastien Michelet
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO); CNRS UMR 8182; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Alejandro Perez-Luna
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 6; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM); CNRS UMR 8232; 4, place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO); CNRS UMR 8182; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Emmanuelle Schulz
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO); CNRS UMR 8182; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO); CNRS UMR 8182; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN); CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1, av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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45
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Chen Y, Gutmann B, Kappe CO. Continuous-Flow Electrophilic Amination of Arenes and Schmidt Reaction of Carboxylic Acids Utilizing the Superacidic Trimethylsilyl Azide/Triflic Acid Reagent System. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9372-9380. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuesu Chen
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Gutmann
- Research
Center
Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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46
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Hu C, Song RJ, Hu M, Yang Y, Li JH, Luo S. [5+2] Cycloaddition of 2-(2-Aminoethyl)oxiranes with Alkynes via Epoxide Ring-Opening: A Facile Access to Azepines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10423-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Ming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
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47
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Hu C, Song RJ, Hu M, Yang Y, Li JH, Luo S. [5+2] Cycloaddition of 2-(2-Aminoethyl)oxiranes with Alkynes via Epoxide Ring-Opening: A Facile Access to Azepines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Ming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 China
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