1
|
Ponomarev AV, Danilkina NA, Okuneva JS, Vidyakina AA, Khmelevskaya EA, Bunev AS, Rumyantsev AM, Govdi AI, Suarez T, Alabugin IV, Balova IA. Facile synthesis of diiodoheteroindenes and understanding their Sonogashira cross-coupling selectivity for the construction of unsymmetrical enediynes. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4096-4107. [PMID: 38695707 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00530a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Electrophile-promoted cyclizations of functionalized alkynes offer a useful tool for constructing halogen-substituted heterocycles primed for further derivatization. Preinstallation of an iodo-substituent at the alkyne prior to iodo-cyclization opens access to ortho di-iodinated heterocyclic precursors for the preparation of unsymmetrical heterocycle-fused enediynes. This general approach was used to prepare 2,3-diiodobenzothiophene, 2,3-diiodoindole, and 2,3-diiodobenzofuran, a useful family of substrates for systematic studies of the role of heteroatoms on the regioselectivity of cross-coupling reactions. Diiodobenzothiophene showed much higher regioselectivity for Sonogashira cross-coupling at C2 than diiodoindole and diiodobenzofuran. As a result, benzothiophene can be conveniently involved in a one-pot sequential coupling with two different alkynes, yielding unsymmetrical benzothiophene-fused enediynes. On the other hand, the Sonogashira reaction of diiodoindole and diiodobenzofuran formed considerable amounts of di-substituted enediynes in addition to the monoalkyne product by coupling at C2. Interestingly, no C3-monocoupling products were observed for all of the diiodides, suggesting that the incorporation of the 1st alkyne at C2 activates the C3 position for the 2nd coupling. Additional factors affecting regioselectivity were detected, discussed and connected, through computational analysis, to transmetalation being the rate-determining step for the Sonogashira reaction. Several enediynes synthesized showed cytotoxic activity, which is not associated with DNA strand breaks typical of natural enediyne antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Ponomarev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Natalia A Danilkina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Julia S Okuneva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Aleksandra A Vidyakina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina A Khmelevskaya
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Alexander S Bunev
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Tolyatti State University, 445020 Tolyatti, Russia
| | - Andrey M Rumyantsev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasia I Govdi
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Thomas Suarez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
| | - Igor V Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
| | - Irina A Balova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cai Y, Binder WH. Triggered Crosslinking of Main-Chain Enediyne Polyurethanes via Bergman Cyclization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300440. [PMID: 37877520 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinking chemistries occupy an important position in polymer modification with a particular importance when triggered in response to external stimuli. Enediyne (EDY) moieties are used as functional entities in this work, known to undergo a pericyclic Bergman cyclization (BC) to induce a triggered crosslinking of polyurethanes (PU) via the intermediately formed diradicals. Diamino-EDYs, where the distance between the enyne-moieties is known to be critical to induce a BC, are placed repetitively as main-chain structural elements in isophorone-based PUs to induce reinforcement upon heating, compression, or stretching. A 7-day compression under room temperature results in a ≈69% activation of the BC, together with the observation of an increase in tensile strength by 62% after 25 stretching cycles. The occurrence of BC is further proven by the decreased exothermic values in differential scanning calorimetry, together with characteristic peaks of the formed benzene moieties via IR spectroscopy. Purely heat-induced crosslinking contributes to 191% of the maximum tensile strength in comparison to the virgin PU. The BC herein forms an excellent crosslinking strategy, triggered by heat or force in PU materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cai
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Binder
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Functionalized 10-Membered Aza- and Oxaenediynes through the Nicholas Reaction. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186071. [PMID: 36144808 PMCID: PMC9502870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The scope and limitations of the Nicholas-type cyclization for the synthesis of 10-membered benzothiophene-fused heterocyclic enediynes with different functionalities were investigated. Although the Nicholas cyclization through oxygen could be carried out in the presence of an ester group, the final oxaenediyne was unstable under storage. Among the N-type Nicholas reactions, cyclization via an arenesulfonamide functional group followed by mild Co-deprotection was found to be the most promising, yielding 10-membered azaendiynes in high overall yields. By contrast, the Nicholas cyclization through the acylated nitrogen atom did not give the desired 10-membered cycle. It resulted in the formation of a pyrroline ring, whereas cyclization via an alkylated amino group resulted in a poor yield of the target 10-membered enediyne. The acylated 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide nucleophilic group was found to be the most convenient for the synthesis of functionalized 10-membered enediynes bearing a clickable function, such as a terminal triple bond. All the synthesized cyclic enediynes exhibited moderate activity against lung carcinoma NCI-H460 cells and had a minimal effect on lung epithelial-like WI-26 VA4 cells and are therefore promising compounds in the search for novel antitumor agents that can be converted into conjugates with tumor-targeting ligands.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mancuso R, Lettieri M, Strangis R, Russo P, Palumbo Piccionello A, De Angelis S, Gabriele B. Iodocyclization of 2‐Methylthiophenylacetylenes to 3‐Iodobenzothiophenes and their coupling Reactions under More Sustainable Conditions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Mancuso
- University of Calabria: Universita della Calabria Chemistry and Chemical Technologies Rende (CS) ITALY
| | - Melania Lettieri
- Università della Calabria: Universita della Calabria Chemistry and Chemical Technologies Rende (CS) ITALY
| | - Romina Strangis
- University of Calabria: Universita della Calabria Chemistry and Chemical Technologies Rende (CS) ITALY
| | - Patrizio Russo
- University of Calabria: Universita della Calabria Chemistry and Chemical Technologies Rende (CS) ITALY
| | - Antonio Palumbo Piccionello
- University of Palermo: Universita degli Studi di Palermo Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology-STEBICEF Palermo ITALY
| | - Sara De Angelis
- University of Calabria: Universita della Calabria Chemistry and Chemical Technologies ITALY
| | - Bartolo Gabriele
- University of Calabria: Universita della Calabria Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies Via Pietro Bucci, 12/C 87036 Arcavacata di Rende ITALY
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li X, Lu H, Ji M, Sun K, Pu F, Ding Y, Hu A. Synthesis and biological properties of maleimide-based macrocyclic lactone enediynes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5481-5488. [PMID: 35775821 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural enediyne antibiotics are powerful DNA-cleavage agents due to the presence of the highly reactive hex-3-ene-1,5-diyne units. However, the complicated chemical structure and thermal instability make their synthesis, derivatization, and storage challenging. Heterocycle-fused enediynes, which exhibit strong antineoplastic activity, are promising analogues of natural enediynes for medicinal applications. To this end, a series of maleimide-based enediynes with macrocyclic lactone moieties were synthesized through the Sonagashira coupling reaction. Differential scanning calorimetry and electron paramagnetic resonance results showed that these macrocyclic enediynes exhibited a rather low onset temperature and the ability to generate radicals at physiological temperature. In addition, the structure-activity relationship of enediynes was analyzed by changing the ring size and the substituents on the propargyl group. Cellular experiments indicated that the diradicals produced by these enediynes efficiently cleaved DNA and disrupted the cell cycle distribution, and consequently induced tumor cell death via an apoptosis pathway at low half inhibitory concentrations. Computational studies suggested that the maleimide moiety promoted the propargyl-allenyl rearrangement of the cyclic enediyne, enabling the generation of diradical species through the Myers-Saito cyclization, and then abstracted hydrogen atoms from the H-donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Haotian Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Mingming Ji
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Ke Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Fangxu Pu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yun Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Aiguo Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Danilkina NA, Govdi AI, Khlebnikov AF, Tikhomirov AO, Sharoyko VV, Shtyrov AA, Ryazantsev MN, Bräse S, Balova IA. Heterocycloalkynes Fused to a Heterocyclic Core: Searching for an Island with Optimal Stability-Reactivity Balance. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16519-16537. [PMID: 34582682 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the search for fundamentally new, active, stable, and readily synthetically accessible cycloalkynes as strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) reagents for bioorthogonal bioconjugation, we integrated two common approaches: the reagent destabilization by the increase of a ring strain and the transition state stabilization through electronic effects. As a result new SPAAC reagents, heterocyclononynes fused to a heterocyclic core, were created. These compounds can be obtained through a general synthetic route based on four crucial steps: the electrophile-promoted cyclization, Sonogashira coupling, Nicholas reaction, and final deprotection of Co-complexes of cycloalkynes from cobalt. Varying the natures of the heterocycle and heteroatom allows for reaching the optimal stability-reactivity balance for new strained systems. Computational and experimental studies revealed similar SPAAC reactivities for stable 9-membered isocoumarin- and benzothiophene-fused heterocycloalkynes and their unstable 8-membered homologues. We discovered that close reactivity is a result of the interplay of two electronic effects, which stabilize SPAAC transition states (πin* → σ* and π* → πin*) with structural effects such as conformational changes from eclipsed to staggered conformations in the cycloalkyne scaffold, that noticeably impact alkyne bending and reactivity. The concerted influence of a heterocycle and a heteroatom on the polarization of a triple bond in highly strained cycles along with a low HOMO-LUMO gap was assumed to be the reason for the unpredictable kinetic instability of all the cyclooctynes and the benzothiophene-fused oxacyclononyne. The applicability of stable isocoumarin-fused azacyclononyne IC9N-BDP-FL for in vitro bioconjugation was exemplified by labeling and visualization of HEK293 cells carrying azido-DNA and azido-glycans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Danilkina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia I Govdi
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander F Khlebnikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander O Tikhomirov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Sharoyko
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey A Shtyrov
- Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS, Saint Petersburg Academic University, 8/3 Khlopina Street, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail N Ryazantsev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Irina A Balova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ding Y, Ma H, Li B, Ma J, Hu Z, Zhang Y, Wen X, Hu A. Intermolecular proton transfer assisted 1,4-Michael addition for enediyne conversion to enyne-allene. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
8
|
Zeng Q, He C, Zhou S, Dong K, Qiu L, Xu X. Dirhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Alkyne‐Containing α‐Diazoacetates for the Synthesis of Cycloalkynes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zeng
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Ciwang He
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Su Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug DiscoverySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Kuiyong Dong
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug DiscoverySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang M, Li B, Chen H, Lu H, Ma H, Cheng X, Wang W, Wang Y, Ding Y, Hu A. Triggering the Antitumor Activity of Acyclic Enediyne through Maleimide-Assisted Rearrangement and Cycloaromatization. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9808-9819. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haotian Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hailong Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Aiguo Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Danilkina NA, D'yachenko AS, Govdi AI, Khlebnikov AF, Kornyakov IV, Bräse S, Balova IA. Intramolecular Nicholas Reactions in the Synthesis of Heteroenediynes Fused to Indole, Triazole, and Isocoumarin. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9001-9014. [PMID: 32506914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The applicability of an intramolecular Nicholas reaction for the preparation of 10-membered O- and N-enediynes fused to indole, 1,2,3-triazole, and isocoumarin was investigated. The general approach to acyclic enediyne precursors fused to heterocycles includes inter- and intramolecular buta-1,3-diyne cyclizations with the formation of iodoethynylheterocycles, followed by Sonogashira coupling. The nature of both a heterocycle and a nucleophilic group affects the possibility of a 10-membered ring closure by the Nicholas reaction. Among oxacycles, an isocoumarin-fused enediyne was obtained. In the case of O-enediyne annulated with indole, instead of the formation of a 10-membered cycle, BF3-promoted addition of an OH-group to the proximal triple bond at the C3 position afforded dihydrofuryl-substituted indole. For 1,2,3-triazole-fused analogues, using NH-Ts as a nucleophilic functional group allowed obtaining 10-membered azaenediyne, while the substrate with a hydroxyl group gave only traces of the desired 10-membered oxacycle. An improved method for the deprotection of Co-complexes of cyclic enediynes using tetrabutylammonium fluoride in an acetone/water mixture and the investigation of the 10-membered enediynes' reactivity in the Bergman cyclization are also reported. In the solid state, all synthesized iodoethynylheterocycles were found to be involved in halogen bond (XB) formation with either O or N atoms as XB acceptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Danilkina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander S D'yachenko
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia I Govdi
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander F Khlebnikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya V Kornyakov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Irina A Balova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU), Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Y, Li B, Zhang M, Lu H, Chen H, Wang W, Ding Y, Hu A. Preparation and antitumor applications of asymmetric propargyl amide maleimide based enediyne antibiotics. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
12
|
Zeng Q, Dong K, Pei C, Dong S, Hu W, Qiu L, Xu X. Divergent Construction of Macrocyclic Alkynes via Catalytic Metal Carbene C(sp2)–H Insertion and the Buchner Reaction. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kuiyong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chao Pei
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shanliang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Harris T, Alabugin IV. Strain and stereoelectronics in cycloalkyne click chemistry. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
14
|
Ring Expansion of Alkylidenecarbenes Derived from Lactams, Lactones, and Thiolactones into Strained Heterocyclic Alkynes: A Theoretical Study. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030593. [PMID: 30736417 PMCID: PMC6384652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Strained cycloalkynes are of considerable interest to theoreticians and experimentalists, and possess much synthetic value as well. Herein, a series of cyclic alkylidenecarbenes—formally obtained by replacing the carbonyl oxygen of four-, five-, and six-membered lactams, lactones, and thiolactones with a divalent carbon—were modeled at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//B3LYP/6-311+G** and CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//CCSD/6-311+G** levels of theory. The singlet carbenes were found to be more stable than the triplets. The strained heterocyclic alkynes formed by ring expansion of these singlet carbenes were also modeled. Interestingly, the C≡C bonds in the five-membered heterocycles, obtained from the rearrangement of β-lactam- and β-lactone-derived alkylidenecarbenes, displayed lengths intermediate between formal double and triple bonds. Furthermore, 2-(1-azacyclobutylidene)carbene was found to be nearly isoenergetic with its ring-expanded isomer, and 1-oxacyclopent-2-yne was notably higher in energy than its precursor carbene. In all other cases, the cycloalkynes were lower in energy than the corresponding carbenes. The transition states for ring-expansion were always lower for the 1,2-carbon shifts than for 1,2-nitrogen or oxygen shifts, but higher than for the 1,2-sulfur shifts. These predictions should be verifiable using carbenes bearing appropriate isotopic labels. Computed vibrational spectra for the carbenes, and their ring-expanded isomers, are presented and could be of value to matrix isolation experiments.
Collapse
|
15
|
Cr(II)-promoted internal cyclization of acyclic enediynes fused to benzo[b]thiophene core: Macrocycles versus 2-methylenecycloalkan-1-ols formation. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
16
|
Govdi AI, Danilkina NA, Ponomarev AV, Balova IA. 1-Iodobuta-1,3-diynes in Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition: A One-Step Route to 4-Ethynyl-5-iodo-1,2,3-triazoles. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1925-1940. [PMID: 30632741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cu-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of iododiacetylenes with organic azides using iodotris(triphenylphosphine)copper(I) as a catalyst was found to be an efficient one-step synthetic route to 5-iodo-4-ethynyltriazoles. The reaction is tolerant to various functional groups in both butadiyne and azide moieties. The synthetic application of 5-iodo-4-ethynyl triazoles obtained was also evaluated: the Sonogashira coupling with alkynes resulted in unsymmetrically substituted triazole-fused enediyne systems, while the Suzuki reaction yielded the corresponding 5-aryl-4-ethynyl triazoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia I Govdi
- Institute of Chemistry , Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU) , Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 , Saint Petersburg 199034 , Russia
| | - Natalia A Danilkina
- Institute of Chemistry , Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU) , Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 , Saint Petersburg 199034 , Russia
| | - Alexander V Ponomarev
- Institute of Chemistry , Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU) , Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 , Saint Petersburg 199034 , Russia
| | - Irina A Balova
- Institute of Chemistry , Saint Petersburg State University (SPbU) , Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 , Saint Petersburg 199034 , Russia
| |
Collapse
|