1
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Heilmann T, Lopez-Soria JM, Ulbrich J, Kircher J, Li Z, Worbs B, Golz C, Mata RA, Alcarazo M. N-(Sulfonio)Sulfilimine Reagents: Non-Oxidizing Sources of Electrophilic Nitrogen Atom for Skeletal Editing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403826. [PMID: 38623698 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The one-pot synthesis of λ4-dibenzothiophen-5-imino-N-dibenzothiophenium triflate (1) in multigram scale is reported. This compound reacts with Rh2(esp)2 (esp=α,α,α',α'-tetramethyl-1,3-benzenedipropionic acid) generating a Rh-coordinated sulfonitrene species, which is able to transfer the electrophilic nitrene moiety to olefins. When indenes are used as substrates, isoquinolines are obtained in good yields. We assumed that after formation of the corresponding N-sulfonio aziridine, a ring expansion occurs via selective C-C bond cleavage and concomitant elimination of dibenzothiophene. Unexpectedly, a similar protocol transforms 1-arylcyclobutenes into 1-cyano-1-arylcyclopropanes. Our calculations indicate that aziridination is not favored in this case; instead, sulfilimine-substituted cyclobutyl carbocations are initially formed, and these evolve to the isolated cyclopropanes via ring contraction. Both procedures are operationally simple, tolerate a range of functional groups, including oxidation-sensitive alcohols and aldehydes, and enable the convenient preparation of valuable 15N-labelled products. These results demonstrate the potential of 1 to provide alternative pathways for the selective transfer of N-atoms in organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heilmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juan M Lopez-Soria
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Ulbrich
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kircher
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Brigitte Worbs
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christopher Golz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ricardo A Mata
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Alcarazo
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
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2
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Livingstone K, Siebold K, Meyer S, Martín-Heras V, Daniliuc CG, Gilmour R. Skeletal Ring Contractions via I(I)/I(III) Catalysis: Stereoselective Synthesis of cis-α,α-Difluorocyclopropanes. ACS Catal 2022; 12:14507-14516. [PMID: 36504915 PMCID: PMC9724094 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The clinical success of α,α-difluorocyclopropanes, combined with limitations in the existing synthesis portfolio, inspired the development of an operationally simple, organocatalysis-based strategy to access cis-configured derivatives with high levels of stereoselectivity (up to >20:1 cis:trans). Leveraging an I(I)/I(III)-catalysis platform in the presence of an inexpensive HF source, it has been possible to exploit disubstituted bicyclobutanes (BCBs) as masked cyclobutene equivalents for this purpose. In situ generation of this strained alkene, enabled by Brønsted acid activation, facilitates an unprecedented 4 → 3 fluorinative ring contraction, to furnish cis-α,α-difluorinated cyclopropanes in a highly stereoselective manner (up to 88% yield). Mechanistic studies are disclosed together with conformational analysis (X-ray crystallography and NMR) to validate cis-α,α-difluorocyclopropanes as isosteres of the 1,4-dicarbonyl moiety. Given the importance of this unit in biology and the foundational no → π* interactions that manifest themselves in this conformation (e.g., collagen), it is envisaged that the title motif will find application in focused molecular design.
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3
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Didier D, Reiners F. Uncommon Four-Membered Building Blocks - Cyclobutenes, Azetines and Thietes. CHEM REC 2021; 21:1144-1160. [PMID: 33734571 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strained ring systems have gained considerable importance over the last few years for their implication in natural product syntheses or in drug discovery programs. We present herein a recollection of our work on the construction and functionalization of unsaturated four-membered carbo- and heterocycles in the context of the literature, as well as their applications in further reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Didier
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Reiners
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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4
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Abstract
Three- and four-membered rings, widespread motifs in nature and medicinal chemistry, have fascinated chemists ever since their discovery. However, due to energetic considerations, small rings are often difficult to assemble. In this regard, homogeneous gold catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool to construct these highly strained carbocycles. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of all the major advances and discoveries made in the gold-catalyzed synthesis of cyclopropanes, cyclopropenes, cyclobutanes, cyclobutenes, and their corresponding heterocyclic or heterosubstituted analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Mato
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Allegra Franchino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristina Garcı A-Morales
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·li Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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5
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Baumann AN, Reiners F, Siegle AF, Mayer P, Trapp O, Didier D. Thiete Dioxides as Templates Towards Twisted Scaffolds and Macrocyclic Structures. Chemistry 2020; 26:6029-6035. [PMID: 32119146 PMCID: PMC7318563 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Thiete dioxide units have been employed as a template for further functionalization through C-H activation strategies. Using simple thiete dioxide building blocks, a new library of axially chiral molecules has been synthesized that owe their stability to electrostatic interactions in the solid state. Similar starting materials were further engaged in the formation of cyclic trimeric structures, opening the pathway to unprecedented macrocyclic ring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas N. Baumann
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Felix Reiners
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Alexander F. Siegle
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Dorian Didier
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians UniversityButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
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6
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Luo W, Fang Y, Zhang L, Xu T, Liu Y, Li Y, Jin X, Bao J, Wu X, Zhang Z. Bromomethyl Silicate: A Robust Methylene Transfer Reagent for Radical-Polar Crossover Cyclopropanation of Alkenes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Luo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei University; No. 368 Youyi Dadao 430062 Wuhan China
| | - Yewen Fang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road 315211 Ningbo China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College; No. 888 Yinxian Avenue East 315100 Ningbo China
| | - Tianhang Xu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road 315211 Ningbo China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei University; No. 368 Youyi Dadao 430062 Wuhan China
| | - Yan Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei University; No. 368 Youyi Dadao 430062 Wuhan China
| | - Xiaoping Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College; No. 888 Yinxian Avenue East 315100 Ningbo China
| | - Jiakan Bao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road 315211 Ningbo China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road 315211 Ningbo China
| | - Zongyong Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road 315211 Ningbo China
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7
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Cuccu F, Serusi L, Luridiana A, Secci F, Caboni P, Aitken DJ, Frongia A. Tandem Wittig Reaction-Ring Contraction of Cyclobutanes: A Route to Functionalized Cyclopropanecarbaldehydes. Org Lett 2019; 21:7755-7758. [PMID: 31518144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An original tandem reaction consisting of a Wittig reaction-ring contraction process between α-hydroxycyclobutanone and phosphonium ylides has been developed. Highly functionalized cyclopropanecarbaldehydes are obtained in good to high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cuccu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato , S.S. 554, Bivio per Sestu , I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Serusi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato , S.S. 554, Bivio per Sestu , I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari , Italy
| | - Alberto Luridiana
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato , S.S. 554, Bivio per Sestu , I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari , Italy
| | - Francesco Secci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato , S.S. 554, Bivio per Sestu , I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari , Italy
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente , Università degli Studi di Cagliari , via Ospedale 72 , 09124 Cagliari , Italy
| | - David J Aitken
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group, ICMMO - CNRS UMR 8182 , Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay , 15 rue Georges Clemenceau , 91405 Orsay , France
| | - Angelo Frongia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato , S.S. 554, Bivio per Sestu , I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari , Italy
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8
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Cañellas S, Montgomery J, Pericàs MÀ. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive [2+2] Cycloaddition of Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17349-17355. [PMID: 30517785 PMCID: PMC6470007 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The nickel-catalyzed synthesis of tetrasubstituted cyclobutenes from alkynes is reported. This transformation is uniquely promoted by the use of a primary aminophosphine, an unusual ligand in nickel catalysis. Mechanistic insights for this new transformation are provided, and postreaction modifications of the cyclobutene products to stereodefined cyclic and acyclic compounds are reported, including the synthesis of epi-truxillic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Cañellas
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avda. Països Catalans 16, E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - John Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48019-1055, United States
| | - Miquel À. Pericàs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avda. Països Catalans 16, E-43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Baumann AN, Reiners F, Juli T, Didier D. Chemodivergent and Stereoselective Access to Fused Isoxazoline Azetidines and Thietanes through [3 + 2]-Cycloadditions. Org Lett 2018; 20:6736-6740. [PMID: 30351958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
By combining efficient methodologies for the preparation of substituted azetines and thietes with a highly regio- and diastereoselective [3 + 2]-cycloaddition, a straightforward pathway for the synthesis of fused isoxazoline azetidines and thietanes has been designed. With minimal steps and starting from commercial sources, a new library of elaborated architectures was synthesized opening up a new class of molecules with large potential in pharmacology. Finally, a retro [2 + 2]-cycloaddition leading to substituted isoxazoles is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas N Baumann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Butenandtstraße 5-13 , 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Felix Reiners
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Butenandtstraße 5-13 , 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Thomas Juli
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Butenandtstraße 5-13 , 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Dorian Didier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Butenandtstraße 5-13 , 81377 Munich , Germany
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10
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Guo T, Zhang L, Liu X, Fang Y, Jin X, Yang Y, Li Y, Chen B, Ouyang M. Visible-Light-Promoted Redox-Neutral Cyclopropanation Reactions of α-Substituted Vinylphosphonates and Other Michael Acceptors with Chloromethyl Silicate as Methylene Transfer Reagent. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei University; No. 368 Youyi Dadao Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College; No. 888 Yinxian Avenue East Ningbo 315100 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road Ningbo 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Yewen Fang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road Ningbo 315211 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College; No. 888 Yinxian Avenue East Ningbo 315100 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road Ningbo 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei University; No. 368 Youyi Dadao Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road Ningbo 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Ouyang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University of Technology; No. 201 Fenghua Road Ningbo 315211 People's Republic of China
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