1
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Shelke YG, Hande PE, Gharpure SJ. Recent advances in the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2- a]indoles and their derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7544-7574. [PMID: 34524330 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01103k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole unit is a privileged heterocycle found in numerous natural products and has been shown to exhibit diverse pharmacological properties. Thus, recent years have witnessed immense interest from the synthesis community on the synthesis of this scaffold. In light of the ever-increasing demand for pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles in drug discovery, this review provides an overview of recent synthesis methods for the preparation of pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles and their derivatives. The mechanistic pathway and stereo-electronic factors affecting the yield and selectivity of the product are briefly explained. Furthermore, we have attempted to demonstrate the utility of the developed methods in the synthesis of bioactive molecules and natural products, wherever offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh G Shelke
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Pankaj E Hande
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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2
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Zheng Z, Ma X, Cheng X, Zhao K, Gutman K, Li T, Zhang L. Homogeneous Gold-Catalyzed Oxidation Reactions. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8979-9038. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhitong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Xinpeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kaylaa Gutman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Tianyou Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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3
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Bhunia S, Ghosh P, Patra SR. Gold‐Catalyzed Oxidative Alkyne Functionalization by N−O/S−O/C−O Bond Oxidants. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Jharkhand Ranchi Jharkhand 835205 India
| | - Partha Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Jharkhand Ranchi Jharkhand 835205 India
| | - Snigdha Rani Patra
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Jharkhand Ranchi Jharkhand 835205 India
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4
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Liu Y, Chen Z, Wang QL, Chen P, Xie J, Xiong BQ, Zhang PL, Tang KW. Visible Light-Catalyzed Cascade Radical Cyclization of N-Propargylindoles with Acyl Chlorides for the Synthesis of 2-Acyl-9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2385-2394. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Zan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Qiao-Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Bi-Quan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Pan-Liang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
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5
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2018. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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6
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Clare D, Dobson BC, Inglesby PA, Aïssa C. Chemospecific Cyclizations of α-Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides on Aryls and Heteroaryls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16198-16202. [PMID: 31507055 PMCID: PMC6856693 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The functionalization of aryl and heteroaryls using α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides without the help of a directing group has remained so far a neglected area, despite the advantageous safety profile of sulfoxonium ylides. Described herein are the cyclizations of α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides onto benzenes, benzofurans and N-p-toluenesulfonyl indoles in the presence of a base in HFIP, whereas pyrroles and N-methyl indoles undergo cyclization in the presence of an iridium catalyst. Significantly, these two sets of conditions are chemospecific for each groups of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clare
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Benjamin C. Dobson
- Pharmaceutical Technology and DevelopmentAstraZeneca Macclesfield CampusCheshireSK10 2NAUK
| | - Phillip A. Inglesby
- Pharmaceutical Technology and DevelopmentAstraZeneca Macclesfield CampusCheshireSK10 2NAUK
| | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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7
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Clare D, Dobson BC, Inglesby PA, Aïssa C. Chemospecific Cyclizations of α‐Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides on Aryls and Heteroaryls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clare
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Benjamin C. Dobson
- Pharmaceutical Technology and DevelopmentAstraZeneca Macclesfield Campus Cheshire SK10 2NA UK
| | - Phillip A. Inglesby
- Pharmaceutical Technology and DevelopmentAstraZeneca Macclesfield Campus Cheshire SK10 2NA UK
| | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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8
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Diastereoselective pot-and atom-economical synthesis of densely-substituted polycyclic 1,2- and 1,2,3-fused indole scaffolds. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Kona CN, Nishii Y, Miura M. Iridium‐Catalyzed Direct C4‐ and C7‐Selective Alkynylation of Indoles Using Sulfur‐Directing Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrababu Naidu Kona
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Frontier Research Base for Global Young ResearchersGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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10
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Kona CN, Nishii Y, Miura M. Iridium-Catalyzed Direct C4- and C7-Selective Alkynylation of Indoles Using Sulfur-Directing Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9856-9860. [PMID: 31115135 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Indoles and their analogues have been one of the most ubiquitous heterocycles during the past century, and extensive studies have been conducted to establish practical synthetic methods for their derivatives. In particular, selective functionalization of the poorly reactive benzenoid core over the pyrrole ring has been a great challenge. Reported herein is an iridium-catalyzed direct alkynylation of the indole C4- and C7-positions with the assistance of sulfur directing groups. This transformation shows a wide range of functional-group tolerance with exceptional site selectivity. The directing group can be either easily removed or transformed after catalysis. The synthetic utility of the alkyne fragment is demonstrated by the derivatization into the core structure of natural indole alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrababu Naidu Kona
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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11
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Mirzaei A, Peng XS, Wong HNC. PtCl 2-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1,8-Enynes: Synthesis of Tetrahydropyridine Species. Org Lett 2019; 21:3795-3798. [PMID: 31042044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The cycloisomerization of 1,8-enynes in the presence of platinum(II) chloride was developed to generate bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocycle species via 6- endo-dig cyclization and [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement in acceptable to good yields. The related control experiments and preliminary mechanistic studies indicate a plausible mechanism involving 1,6- endo-dig aminoplatination of the alkyne and allylic [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement with total inversion of the allylic moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anvar Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Shui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Center of Novel Functional Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , No.10, Second Yuexing Road , Shenzhen 518507 , P.R. China
| | - Henry N C Wong
- Department of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Center of Novel Functional Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , No.10, Second Yuexing Road , Shenzhen 518507 , P.R. China
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12
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Casado-Sánchez A, Domingo-Legarda P, Cabrera S, Alemán J. Visible light photocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles via intermolecular [3+2] cycloaddition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11303-11306. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05838a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles is developed through a [3+2] cycloaddition between silyl-indole derivatives and α,β-unsaturated N-acyl oxazolidinones by merging photocatalysis and Lewis acid catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvia Cabrera
- Inorganic Chemistry Department
- Módulo 7
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Organic Chemistry Department
- Módulo 1
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
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13
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Liu Y, Wang QL, Chen Z, Chen P, Tang KW, Zhou Q, Xie J. Visible-light-induced cascade sulfonylation/cyclization of N-propargylindoles with aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates via the insertion of sulfur dioxide. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:10020-10029. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02102g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient visible-light-catalyzed cascade sulfonylation/cyclization of N-propargylindoles with K2S2O5 and aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates for the construction of 2-sulfonyl-substituted 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
- Yueyang 414006
- China
| | - Qiao-Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
- Yueyang 414006
- China
| | - Zan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
- Yueyang 414006
- China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
- Yueyang 414006
- China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
- Yueyang 414006
- China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
- Yueyang 414006
- China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
- Yueyang 414006
- China
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