1
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Hashikawa Y, Murata Y. Direct Through-Space Substituent-π Interactions in Noncovalent Arene-Fullerene Assemblies. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400075. [PMID: 38385611 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The arene-arene interactions between electron-rich and deficient aromatics have been less understood. Herein, we focus on a [60]fullerene π-surface as an electron-deficient aromatics. Using a 1H signal of H2O@C60 as a magnetic probe, the presence of benzene-fullerene interactions was confirmed. To investigate substituent effects on the noncovalent arene-fullerene interactions, NMR titration experiments were carried out using an open-[60]fullerene and a series of substituted benzenes, i. e., PhX (X=NO2, CN, Cl, OMe, H, CH3, and NH2), demonstrating a 1 : 2 stoichiometry with a positive correlation between stabilization energies upon the first association (ΔG1) and Hammet constants (σm). The destabilization of the self-assembled structure for X=OMe with a σ-withdrawing nature clearly showed direct through-space substituent-π interactions describable by the Wheeler-Houk model while the second association was suggested to be considerably perturbed by the secondary effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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2
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Shen J, Li X, Li P, Shentu B. Structural and dynamical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane/fullerene nanocomposites: a molecular dynamics simulations study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:27352-27363. [PMID: 37791853 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03809b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the structural and dynamical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/fullerene (C60) nanocomposites are investigated using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, focusing on the glass transition, thermal expansion, polymer mobility, polymer-C60 interactions, and diffusion behavior of C60. The results show a slight increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) with increasing C60 weight fraction (wt%), attributed to hindered polymer dynamics, and a remarkable reduction in the coefficient of thermal expansion above Tg. Results of the mean squared displacement and the time decay of bond-reorientation autocorrelation indicate that the mobility of TPU hard segments is more restricted than that of soft segments, owing to the electrostatic attractions and the π-π stacking between isocyanate groups and C60 molecules. Analysis of TPU-C60 interaction energy reveals that the electrostatic interactions are weakened with an increase in the C60 wt%, while the van der Waals contributions become more significant due to the TPU-C60 interfacial characteristics. Further analysis shows that the translational and rotational diffusion of C60 are both increasingly suppressed with the increase of C60 wt%, indicating a violation of Stokes-Einstein (SE) and Stokes-Einstein-Debye (SED) relations, presumably due to the polymer chain-mediated hydrodynamic interactions arising from chain bridges between neighboring C60 particles. This is highlighted by a stronger decoupling of translational-rotational diffusion and a lower ratio of translational-rotational diffusion coefficient (DT/DR) with increasing C60 wt%. This work elucidates an atomistic understanding of the structure and properties of polymer/C60 nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Shen
- State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
- Zhejiang Double Arrow Rubber Co., Ltd., Tongxiang 314513, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Baoqing Shentu
- State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
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3
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Mitani T, Tsurumaki E, Toyota S. Structures and Supramolecular Properties of Inclusion Complexes of Anthracene-Triptycene Nanocages with Fullerene Guests and Their Dynamic Motion as Molecular Gyroscopes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203462. [PMID: 36460616 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Three derivatives of macrocyclic cage compounds consisting of diarylanthracene and triptycene units were synthesized. These nanocages formed host-guest complexes with C60 and other fullerene guests as confirmed by 1 H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. The association constant of the mesityl and 2,4,6-tributoxyphenyl derivatives with C60 was determined to be 2.2 × 104 L mol-1 , which was larger than that of the pentafluorophenyl derivative. Direct experimental evidence of the complexation was obtained by X-ray diffraction analysis: the guest C60 molecule was included in the cavity via multipoint CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions. Dynamic disorders of the included C60 molecule in variable-temperature X-ray analysis indicated uniaxial motion, such as gyroscopic motion. The unique dynamic behavior of the spherical C60 rotor anchored by the cage stator via CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions in the crystal, as well as substituent effects on the association properties, are discussed with the aid of DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Mitani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Eiji Tsurumaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Shinji Toyota
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
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4
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Yamada M, Kurihara Y, Koizumi M, Tsuji K, Maeda Y, Suzuki M. Understanding the Nature and Strength of Noncovalent Face‐to‐Face Arene–Fullerene Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212279. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Yukiyo Kurihara
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Masaaki Koizumi
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Kasumi Tsuji
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry Josai University Sakado Saitama 350-0295 Japan
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5
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Yamada M, Kurihara Y, Koizumi M, Tsuji K, Maeda Y, Suzuki M. Understanding the Nature and Strength of Noncovalent Face‐to‐Face Arene–Fullerene Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Tokyo Gakugei University Department of Chemistry 4-1-1 Nukuikitamachi 184-8501 Koganei, Tokyo JAPAN
| | - Yukiyo Kurihara
- Tokyo Gakugei University: Tokyo Gakugei Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Masaaki Koizumi
- Tokyo Gakugei University: Tokyo Gakugei Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Kasumi Tsuji
- Tokyo Gakugei University: Tokyo Gakugei Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Tokyo Gakugei University: Tokyo Gakugei Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Josai University: Josai Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
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6
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A Robust Supramolecular Heterosynthon Assembled by a Hydrogen Bond and a Chalcogen Bond. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11111309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The 1:1 and 2:1 cocrystals of isophthalic acid and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole have been successfully synthesized and resolved; the noncovalent interactions in the crystal structures have been studied in detail by quantum chemical calculations. In both of the crystal structures, isophthalic acid and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole are bound together by a cyclic supramolecular heterosynthon assembled by an O–H···N hydrogen bond and a N–Se···O chalcogen bond. The crystal structures of the 1:1 and 2:1 cocrystals of isophthalic acid and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole and the crystal structure of pure isophthalic acid are very similar, which indicates that the [COOH]···[Se−N] cyclic heterosynthon can be an effective alternative to the strong [COOH]2 cyclic homosynthon. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules further recognizes the existence of the hydrogen bond and chalcogen bond. The results of quantum chemical calculations show that the strengths of the π···π stacking interactions in the 1:1 cocrystals of isophthalic acid and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole are almost the same as those in the 2:1 cocrystals of isophthalic acid and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole, and the strengths of the [COOH]···[Se−N] cyclic heterosynthons (about 9.00 kcal/mol) are less than the strengths of the much stronger [COOH]2 cyclic homosynthons (14.00 kcal/mol). These calculated results are in good agreement with those experimentally observed, demonstrating that, although not as strong as the [COOH]2 cyclic homosynthon, the [COOH]···[Se−N] cyclic heterosynthon can also play a key role in the crystal growth and design.
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Hu M, Ye FY, Du C, Wang W, Zhou TT, Gao ML, Liu M, Zheng YS. Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Single Crystal and Powder of the Simplest Tetraphenylethylene Helicate. ACS NANO 2021; 15:16673-16682. [PMID: 34545741 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tetraphenylethylene and its derivatives are a class of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) compounds that are most extensively and successfully studied. It has been found that the simplest TPE is easy to crystallize into homochiral M crystals or P crystals. However, no research on circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) of TPE solid is documented. In this paper, we report that TPE can grow into big and nonefflorescent single crystals in single helical conformation and has large birefringence that is comparative with commercially available products. The TPE single crystals can emit strong CPL with a very high glum value up to 0.53. Moreover, the sense and magnitude of CPL signals can be willfully tuned by simple rotation of the single crystal due to anisotropy of the crystals. This simple and promising CPL photonic material integrates emission, chirality, and birefringence together in one single crystal without needing an additional chiral dopant or conjugate polymer that can produce linearly polarized light. After being ground into fine powder and pressed as KBr pellets, the obtained nanocrystals of TPE also emit strong CPL light. Exceptionally, by mixing other achiral luminescent dyes together with TPE powder in KBr pellets, induced CPL signals were obtained, which could give full-color CPL emission. Although there were no interactions between TPE and the dyes in the pellets, induced CPL signals were realized through radiative energy transfer, providing a very simple method for the tuning of CPL emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feng-Ying Ye
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Cong Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Weizhou Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Miao-Li Gao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yan-Song Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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8
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Crystallographic Understanding of Photoelectric Properties for C60 Derivatives Applicable as Electron Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Molecular selectivity of indenopyridines for fullerenes: A comparative study. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Kajiyama K, Tsurumaki E, Wakamatsu K, Fukuhara G, Toyota S. Complexation of an Anthracene-Triptycene Nanocage Host with Fullerene Guests through CH⋅⋅⋅π Contacts. Chempluschem 2021; 86:716-722. [PMID: 33620779 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A bicyclic anthracene macrocycle containing two triptycene units at the bridgehead positions was synthesized by Ni-mediated coupling of the corresponding precursor as a cage-shaped aromatic hydrocarbon host. This cage host formed an inclusion complex with C60 or C70 guest in 1 : 1 ratio in solution. The association constants (Ka ) determined by the fluorescence titration method were 1.3×104 and 3.3×105 L mol -1 for the C60 and C70 complexes, respectively, at 298 K in toluene. DFT calculations revealed that the guest molecules were included in the middle of the cavity with several CH⋅⋅⋅π contacts. The strong affinity of the cage host for the fullerene guests and the high selectivity toward C70 are discussed on the basis of spectroscopic and structural data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kajiyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Eiji Tsurumaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Kan Wakamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Shinji Toyota
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
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11
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Theoretical rationale for the role of the strong halogen bond in the design and synthesis of organic semiconductor materials. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.113074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Lamanec M, Lo R, Nachtigallová D, Bakandritsos A, Mohammadi E, Dračínský M, Zbořil R, Hobza P, Wang W. The Existence of a N→C Dative Bond in the C
60
–Piperidine Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilián Lamanec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry Palacký University Olomouc tr. 17 listopadu 12 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Elmira Mohammadi
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- CATRIN, Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- CATRIN, Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Weizhou Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471934 China
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13
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Lamanec M, Lo R, Nachtigallová D, Bakandritsos A, Mohammadi E, Dračínský M, Zbořil R, Hobza P, Wang W. The Existence of a N→C Dative Bond in the C
60
–Piperidine Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1942-1950. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilián Lamanec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry Palacký University Olomouc tr. 17 listopadu 12 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Elmira Mohammadi
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- CATRIN, Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo Námĕstí 542/2 16000 Prague Czech Republic
- CATRIN, Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Weizhou Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471934 China
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Abstract
The nature of π-π interactions has long been debated. The term "π-stacking" is considered by some to be a misnomer, in part because overlapping π-electron densities are thought to incur steric repulsion, and the physical origins of the widely-encountered "slip-stacked" motif have variously been attributed to either sterics or electrostatics, in competition with dispersion. Here, we use quantum-mechanical energy decomposition analysis to investigate π-π interactions in supramolecular complexes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, ranging in size up to realistic models of graphene, and for comparison we perform the same analysis on stacked complexes of polycyclic saturated hydrocarbons, which are cyclohexane-based analogues of graphane. Our results help to explain the short-range structure of liquid hydrocarbons that is inferred from neutron scattering, trends in melting-point data, the interlayer separation of graphene sheets, and finally band gaps and observation of molecular plasmons in graphene nanoribbons. Analysis of intermolecular forces demonstrates that aromatic π-π interactions constitute a unique and fundamentally quantum-mechanical form of non-bonded interaction. Not only do stacked π-π architectures enhance dispersion, but quadrupolar electrostatic interactions that may be repulsive at long range are rendered attractive at the intermolecular distances that characterize π-stacking, as a result of charge penetration effects. The planar geometries of aromatic sp2 carbon networks lead to attractive interactions that are "served up on a molecular pizza peel", and adoption of slip-stacked geometries minimizes steric (rather than electrostatic) repulsion. The slip-stacked motif therefore emerges not as a defect induced by electrostatic repulsion but rather as a natural outcome of a conformational landscape that is dominated by van der Waals interactions (dispersion plus Pauli repulsion), and is therefore fundamentally quantum-mechanical in its origins. This reinterpretation of the forces responsible for π-stacking has important implications for the manner in which non-bonded interactions are modeled using classical force fields, and for rationalizing the prevalence of the slip-stacked π-π motif in protein crystal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Carter-Fenk
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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15
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Kolodzeiski E, Amirjalayer S. Elucidating the Impact of Molecular Motors on Their Solvation Environment. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10879-10888. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
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16
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Yamada M, Narita H, Maeda Y. A Fullerene‐Based Molecular Torsion Balance for Investigating Noncovalent Interactions at the C
60
Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Haruna Narita
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
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17
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Yamada M, Narita H, Maeda Y. A Fullerene-Based Molecular Torsion Balance for Investigating Noncovalent Interactions at the C 60 Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16133-16140. [PMID: 32458522 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the nature and strength of noncovalent interactions at the fullerene surface, molecular torsion balances consisting of C60 and organic moieties connected through a biphenyl linkage were synthesized. NMR and computational studies show that the unimolecular system remains in equilibrium between well-defined folded and unfolded conformers owing to restricted rotation around the biphenyl C-C bond. The energy differences between the two conformers depend on the substituents and is ascribed to differences in the intramolecular noncovalent interactions between the organic moieties and the fullerene surface. Fullerenes favor interacting with the π-faces of benzenes bearing electron-donating substituents. The correlation between the folding free energies and corresponding Hammett constants of the substituents in the arene-containing torsion balances reflects the contributions of the electrostatic interactions and dispersion force to face-to-face arene-fullerene interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Haruna Narita
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
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Talmazan RA, Liedl KR, Kräutler B, Podewitz M. The intermolecular anthracene-transfer in a regiospecific antipodal C 60 difunctionalization. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4090-4103. [PMID: 32428053 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00520g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ever since the discovery of fullerenes, their mono- and multi-functionalization by exohedral addition chemistry has been a fundamental topic. A few years ago, a topochemically controlled regiospecific difunctionalization of C60 fullerene by anthracene in the solid state was discovered. In the present work, we analyse the mechanism of this unique reaction, where an anthracene molecule is transferred from one C60 mono-adduct to another one, under exclusive formation of equal amounts of C60 and of the difficult to make, highly useful, antipodal C60 bis-adduct. Our herein disclosed dispersion corrected DFT studies show the anthracene transfer to take place in a synchronous retro Diels-Alder/Diels-Alder reaction: an anthracene molecule dissociates from one fullerene under formation of an intermediate, while undergoing stabilizing interactions with both neighbouring fullerene molecules, facilitating the reaction kinetically. In the intermediate, a planar anthracene molecule is sandwiched between two neighbouring fullerenes and forms equally strong 'double-decker' type π-π stacking interactions with both of these fullerenes. Analysis with the distortion interaction model shows that the anthracene unit of the intermediate is almost planar with minimal distortion. This analysis highlights the existence of simultaneous noncovalent interactions engaging both faces of a planar polyunsaturated ring and two convex fullerene surfaces in an unprecedented 'inverted sandwich' structure. Hence, it sheds light on new strategies to design functional fullerene based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu A Talmazan
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Centre of Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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19
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Unexpected Sandwiched-Layer Structure of the Cocrystal Formed by Hexamethylbenzene with 1,3-Diiodotetrafluorobenzene: A Combined Theoretical and Crystallographic Study. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10050379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The cocrystal formed by hexamethylbenzene (HMB) with 1,3-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (1,3-DITFB) was first synthesized and found to have an unexpected sandwiched-layer structure with alternating HMB layers and 1,3-DITFB layers. To better understand the formation of this special structure, all the noncovalent interactions between these molecules in the gas phase and the cocrystal structure have been investigated in detail by using the dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations. In the cocrystal structure, the theoretically predicted π···π stacking interactions between HMB and the 1,3-DITFB molecules in the gas phase can be clearly seen, whereas there are no π···π stacking interactions between HMB molecules or between 1,3-DITFB molecules. The attractive interactions between HMB molecules in the corrugated HMB layers originate mainly in the dispersion forces. The 1,3-DITFB molecules form a 2D sheet structure via relatively weak C–I···F halogen bonds. The theoretically predicted much stronger C–I···π halogen bonds between HMB and 1,3-DITFB molecules in the gas phase are not found in the cocrystal structure. We concluded that it is the special geometry of 1,3-DITFB that leads to the formation of the sandwiched-layer structure of the cocrystal.
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20
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Liu C, Yang Y, Zhang C, Wu S, Wei L, Guo F, Arumugam GM, Hu J, Liu X, Lin J, Schropp REI, Mai Y. Tailoring C 60 for Efficient Inorganic CsPbI 2 Br Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1907361. [PMID: 31944454 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising in thermal stability, their large open-circuit voltage (VOC ) deficit and difficulty in large-area preparation still limit their development toward commercialization. The present work tailors C60 via a codoping strategy to construct an efficient electron-transporting layer (ETL), leading to a significant improvement in VOC of the inverted inorganic CsPbI2 Br PSC. Specifically, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (TPFPB) is introduced as a dopant to lower the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of the C60 layer by forming a Lewis acidic adduct. The enlarged free energy difference provides a favorable enhancement in electron injection and thereby reduces charge recombination. Subsequently, a nonhygroscopic lithium salt (LiClO4 ) is added to increase electron mobility and conductivity of the film, leading to a reduction in the device hysteresis and facilitating the fabrication of a large-area device. Finally, the as-optimized inorganic CsPbI2 Br PSCs gain a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.19%, with a stabilized power output (SPO) of 14.21% (0.09 cm2 ). More importantly, this work also demonstrates a record PCE of 14.44% for large-area inorganic CsPbI2 Br PSCs (1.0 cm2 ) and reports the first inorganic perovskite solar module with the excellent efficiency exceeding 12% (10.92 cm2 ) by a self-developed quasi-curved heating method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yuzhao Yang
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shaohang Wu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Liyu Wei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Gowri Manohari Arumugam
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jinlong Hu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Jie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Ruud E I Schropp
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yaohua Mai
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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21
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Toyota S, Tsurumaki E. Exploration of Nano-Saturns: A Spectacular Sphere-Ring Supramolecular System. Chemistry 2019; 25:6878-6890. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Toyota
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Eiji Tsurumaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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22
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Mohajeri A, Hassani N. The interplay between structural perfectness and CO oxidation catalysis on aluminum, phosphorous and silicon complexes of corroles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7661-7674. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07372d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide on perfect and defective structures of corrole complexes with aluminum, phosphorous and silicon have been investigated by performing density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Mohajeri
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 7194684795
- Iran
| | - Nasim Hassani
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 7194684795
- Iran
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23
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Yamamoto Y, Tsurumaki E, Wakamatsu K, Toyota S. Nano‐Saturn: Experimental Evidence of Complex Formation of an Anthracene Cyclic Ring with C
60. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Eiji Tsurumaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Kan Wakamatsu
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceOkayama University of Science 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku Okayama 700-0005 Japan
| | - Shinji Toyota
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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24
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Yamamoto Y, Tsurumaki E, Wakamatsu K, Toyota S. Nano‐Saturn: Experimental Evidence of Complex Formation of an Anthracene Cyclic Ring with C
60. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8199-8202. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Eiji Tsurumaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Kan Wakamatsu
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceOkayama University of Science 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku Okayama 700-0005 Japan
| | - Shinji Toyota
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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25
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Joshi A, Ramachandran CN. Structural, optoelectronic and charge transport properties of the complexes of indigo encapsulated in carbon nanotubes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:15158-15167. [PMID: 29789826 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08686e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Using the dispersion-corrected density functional B97D and 6-31g(d,p) basis set, the structural, stability, electronic, optical and charge transport properties of the complexes formed by encapsulating indigo inside carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of varying diameters are investigated. Based on the stabilization energy of the complexes indigo@(n,n)CNT (where n = 6, 7 and 8), indigo@(7,7)CNT is shown to be the most stable owing to the ideal diameter of (7,7)CNT for encapsulating indigo. The nature of the interaction between the guest and the host is investigated by means of energy decomposition analysis employing the symmetry adapted perturbation theory. Electronic properties such as the ionization energy, the electron affinity and the energy gap between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (ΔEH-L) of the complexes are determined. The low values of ΔEH-L (<1 eV) for the complexes suggest that they can act as narrow energy gap semiconductors. All the complexes exhibit high hole and electron mobilities which vary inversely with respect to the diameter of the CNT. Using the time-dependent density functional theoretical method, the absorption properties are predicted for the most stable complex indigo@(7,7)CNT. The presence of charge transfer peaks in the visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum suggests that the complexes are suitable for optoelectronic devices such as solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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26
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Zhang Y, Wang JG, Sun X, Liu Q, Wang W, Wang YB. Supramolecular Interactions of Fullerene C 60
with 1,3,5-Trifluoro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study. Chempluschem 2018; 83:470-477. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials; Luoyang Normal University; Luoyang 471934 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ge Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials; Luoyang Normal University; Luoyang 471934 P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials; Luoyang Normal University; Luoyang 471934 P. R. China
| | - Qiaohong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials; Luoyang Normal University; Luoyang 471934 P. R. China
| | - Weizhou Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials; Luoyang Normal University; Luoyang 471934 P. R. China
| | - Yi-Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Guizhou High Performance Computational Chemistry; Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 P. R. China
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27
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Zhang Y, Wang D, Wang W. Beyond the σ-hole and π-hole: The origin of the very large electrophilic regions of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Mohajeri A, Hassani N. Catalytic activity of corrole complexes with post-transition elements for the oxidation of carbon monoxide: a first-principles study. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01603h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our theoretical investigation shows that the aluminum and gallium complexes of corrole can be considered as potential high-performance catalysts for the oxidation of CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Mohajeri
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz
- Iran
| | - Nasim Hassani
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz
- Iran
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29
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Zhang Y, Wang W, Wang YB. The nature of the noncovalent interactions between fullerene C60 and aromatic hydrocarbons. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Kasende OE, Nziko VDPN, Scheiner S. Interactions of Nucleic Acid Bases with Temozolomide. Stacked, Perpendicular, and Coplanar Heterodimers. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:9347-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b06150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Okuma Emile Kasende
- Faculty of Science University of Kinshasa, B.P. 190 Kinshasa XI, D. R. Congo
| | - Vincent de Paul N. Nziko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Steve Scheiner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
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