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Hellmuth M, Chen B, Bariki C, Cai L, Cameron F, Wildenberg A, Huang C, Faller S, Ren Y, Beeckmann J, Leonhard K, Heufer KA, Hansen N, Pitsch H. A Comparative Study on the Combustion Chemistry of Two Bio-hybrid Fuels: 1,3-Dioxane and 1,3-Dioxolane. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:286-299. [PMID: 36580040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bio-hybrid fuels are a promising solution to accomplish a carbon-neutral and low-emission future for the transportation sector. Two potential candidates are the heterocyclic acetals 1,3-dioxane (C4H8O2) and 1,3-dioxolane (C3H6O2), which can be produced from the combination of biobased feedstocks, carbon dioxide, and renewable electricity. In this work, comprehensive experimental and numerical investigations of 1,3-dioxane and 1,3-dioxolane were performed to support their application in internal combustion engines. Ignition delay times and laminar flame speeds were measured to reveal the combustion chemistry on the macroscale, while speciation measurements in a jet-stirred reactor and ethylene-based counterflow diffusion flames provided insights into combustion chemistry and pollutant formation on the microscale. Comparing the experimental and numerical data using either available or proposed kinetic models revealed that the combustion chemistry and pollutant formation differ substantially between 1,3-dioxane and 1,3-dioxolane, although their molecular structures are similar. For example, 1,3-dioxane showed higher reactivity in the low-temperature regime (500-800 K), while 1,3-dioxolane addition to ethylene increased polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and soot formation in high-temperature (>800 K) counterflow diffusion flames. Reaction pathway analyses were performed to examine and explain the differences between these two bio-hybrid fuels, which originate from the chemical bond dissociation energies in their molecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Hellmuth
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Bingjie Chen
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Chaimae Bariki
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Liming Cai
- School for Automotive Studies, Tongji University, 201804Shanghai, China
| | - Florence Cameron
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Alina Wildenberg
- Chair of High Pressure Gas Dynamics, Shock Wave Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Can Huang
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Faller
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Yihua Ren
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Beeckmann
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Kai Leonhard
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Karl Alexander Heufer
- Chair of High Pressure Gas Dynamics, Shock Wave Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California94551, United States
| | - Heinz Pitsch
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
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2
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Xing L, Lian L, Wang Z, Cheng Z, He Y, Cui J, Truhlar DG. Lowering of Reaction Rates by Energetically Favorable Hydrogen Bonding in the Transition State. Degradation of Biofuel Ketohydroperoxides by OH. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16984-16995. [PMID: 36069709 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ketohydroperoxides (KHPs) are oxygenates with carbonyl and hydroperoxy functional groups, and they are generated under combustion and atmospheric conditions. Their fate is crucial for secondary organic aerosol formation in the troposphere and for the ignition processes of biofuels in advanced combustion engines. We investigated the thermodynamics and kinetics of nine hydrogen abstraction reactions from four ether KHPs by OH. We find that the rate constants are strongly affected by entropic effects whose estimation requires a consideration of higher-energy conformers of the transition state. A density functional was selected for these reactions by comparison to coupled cluster calculations, and it was used for calculations by multistructural canonical transition-state theory with multidimensional tunneling over the temperature range of 200-2000 K. We find that the effect of multistructural torsional anharmonicity is very large and quite different for the various ether KHP reactions. A leading cause of the structural dependence is the dominance of entropic factors due to the lack of hydrogen bonding in some of the higher-energy conformers of the transition states. Four of the reactions involve abstraction from the α-carbon (the carbon vicinal to the hydroperoxide group); they exhibit nonmonotonic temperature dependence with complex fuel-specific dependence. The rate constants for abstraction from a non-α-carbon of a given KHP can be faster than the ones for abstraction from an α-carbon; in two cases, this is due to entropy, and in one case, the non-α-carbon abstraction has a lower energy barrier. Tunneling and recrossing effects are also found to be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xing
- Energy and Power Engineering Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China.,Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Liuchao Lian
- Energy and Power Engineering Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Zhandong Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, Anhui, China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunrui He
- Energy and Power Engineering Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Jintao Cui
- Energy and Power Engineering Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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Conrad AR, Hansen N, Jasper AW, Thomason NK, Hidaldo-Rodrigues L, Treshock SP, Popolan-Vaida DM. Identification of the acetaldehyde oxide Criegee intermediate reaction network in the ozone-assisted low-temperature oxidation of trans-2-butene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23554-23566. [PMID: 34651147 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03126k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Uni- and bi-molecular reactions involving Criegee intermediates (CIs) have been the focus of many studies due to the role these molecules play in atmospheric chemistry. The reactivity of CIs is known to strongly depend on their structure. The reaction network of the second simplest CI, acetaldehyde oxide (CH3CHOO), is investigated in this work in an atmospheric pressure jet-stirred reactor (JSR) during the ozonolysis of trans-2-butene to explore the kinetic pathways relevant to atmospheric chemistry and low-temperature combustion. The mole fraction profiles of reactants, intermediates, and final products are determined by means of molecular-beam mass spectrometry in conjunction with single-photon ionization employing tunable synchrotron-generated vacuum ultraviolet radiation. A network of CI reactions is identified in the temperature region below 600 K, characterized by CI addition to trans-2-butene, water, formaldehyde, formic acid, and methanol. No sequential additions of the CH3CHOO CI are observed, in contrast with the reactivity of the simplest CI (H2COO) and the earlier observation of an extensive reaction network with up to four H2COO sequential additions (Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, 7341-7357). Experimental photoionization efficiency scans recorded at 300 K and 425 K and ab initio threshold energy calculations lead to the identification and quantification of previously elusive intermediates, such as ketohydroperoxide and hydroperoxide species. Specifically, the C4H8 + O3 adduct is identified as a ketohydroperoxide (KHP, 3-hydroperoxybutan-2-one, CH3C(O)CH(CH3)OOH), while hydroxyacetaldehyde (glycolaldehyde, HCOCH2OH) formation is attributed to unimolecular isomerization of the CIs. Other hydroperoxide species such as methyl hydroperoxide (CH3OOH), ethyl hydroperoxide (C2H5OOH), butyl hydroperoxide (OOH), hydroperoxyl acetaldehyde (HOOCH2CHO), hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide (CH3CH(OH)OOH), but-1-enyl-3-hydroperoxide, and 4-hydroxy-3-methylpentan-2-one (HOCH(CH3)CH(CH3)C(O)CH3) are also identified. Detection of additional oxygenated species such as methanol, ethanol, ketene, and aldehydes suggests multiple active oxidation routes. These results provide additional evidence that CIs are key intermediates of the ozone-unsaturated hydrocarbon reactions providing critical inputs for improved kinetics models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Conrad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Natasha K Thomason
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | | | - Sean P Treshock
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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Bierkandt T, Oßwald P, Gaiser N, Krüger D, Köhler M, Hoener M, Shaqiri S, Kaczmarek D, Karakaya Y, Hemberger P, Kasper T. Observation of low‐temperature chemistry products in laminar premixed low‐pressure flames by molecular‐beam mass spectrometry. INT J CHEM KINET 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bierkandt
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Combustion Technology Stuttgart Germany
| | - Patrick Oßwald
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Combustion Technology Stuttgart Germany
| | - Nina Gaiser
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Combustion Technology Stuttgart Germany
| | - Dominik Krüger
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Combustion Technology Stuttgart Germany
| | - Markus Köhler
- German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute of Combustion Technology Stuttgart Germany
| | - Martin Hoener
- Mass Spectrometry in Reactive Flows University of Duisburg‐Essen Duisburg Germany
| | - Shkelqim Shaqiri
- Mass Spectrometry in Reactive Flows University of Duisburg‐Essen Duisburg Germany
| | - Dennis Kaczmarek
- Mass Spectrometry in Reactive Flows University of Duisburg‐Essen Duisburg Germany
| | - Yasin Karakaya
- Mass Spectrometry in Reactive Flows University of Duisburg‐Essen Duisburg Germany
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Villigen Switzerland
| | - Tina Kasper
- Mass Spectrometry in Reactive Flows University of Duisburg‐Essen Duisburg Germany
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5
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Guo H, Yang X, Zwier T. Virtual Issue on Combustion Chemistry. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5995-5996. [PMID: 32698590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c05674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Hansen N, Moshammer K, Jasper AW. Isomer-Selective Detection of Keto-Hydroperoxides in the Low-Temperature Oxidation of Tetrahydrofuran. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:8274-8284. [PMID: 31483667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Keto-hydroperoxides (KHPs) are reactive, partially oxidized intermediates that play a central role in chain-branching reactions during the gas-phase low-temperature oxidation of hydrocarbons and oxygenated species. Although multiple isomeric forms of the KHP intermediate are possible in complex oxidation environments when multiple reactant radicals exist that contain nonequivalent O2 addition sites, isomer-resolved data of KHPs have not been reported. In this work, we provide partially isomer-resolved detection and quantification of the KHPs that form during the low-temperature oxidation of tetrahydrofuran (THF, cycl.-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2-). We describe how these short-lived KHPs were detected, identified, and quantified using integrated experimental and theoretical approaches. The experimental approaches were based on direct molecular-beam sampling from a jet-stirred reactor operated at near-atmospheric pressure and at temperatures between 500 and 700 K, followed by mass spectrometry with single-photon ionization via tunable synchrotron-generated vacuum-ultraviolet radiation, and the identification of fragmentation patterns. The interpretation of the experiments was guided by theoretical calculations of ionization thresholds, fragment appearance energies, and photoionization cross sections. On the basis of the experimentally observed and theoretically calculated ionization and fragment appearance energies, KHP isomers could be distinguished as originating from H-abstraction reactions from either the α-C adjacent to the O atom or the β-C atoms. Temperature-dependent concentration profiles of the partially resolved isomeric KHP intermediates were determined in the range of 500-700 K, and the results indicate that the observed KHP isomers are formed overwhelmingly (∼99%) from the α-C THF radical. Comparisons of the partially isomer-resolved quantification of the KHPs to up-to-date kinetic modeling results reveal new opportunities for the development of a next-generation THF oxidation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility , Sandia National Laboratories , Livermore , California 94551 , United States
| | - Kai Moshammer
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt , Bundesallee 100 , 38116 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
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Rousso AC, Hansen N, Jasper AW, Ju Y. Identification of the Criegee intermediate reaction network in ethylene ozonolysis: impact on energy conversion strategies and atmospheric chemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7341-7357. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00473d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction network of the simplest Criegee intermediate (CI) CH2OO has been studied experimentally during the ozonolysis of ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric C. Rousso
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Princeton University
- USA
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility
- Sandia National Laboratories
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Ahren W. Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
| | - Yiguang Ju
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Princeton University
- USA
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Zou JB, Li W, Ye LL, Zhang XY, Li YY, Yang JZ, Qi F. Exploring the low-temperature oxidation chemistry of cyclohexane in a jet-stirred reactor: An experimental and kinetic modeling study. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/31/cjcp1806135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-biao Zou
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li-li Ye
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiao-yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu-yang Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiu-zhong Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, China
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Xing L, Bao JL, Wang Z, Zhang F, Truhlar DG. Degradation of Carbonyl Hydroperoxides in the Atmosphere and in Combustion. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15821-15835. [PMID: 29022349 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxygenates with carbonyl and hydroperoxy functional groups are important intermediates that are generated during the autoxidation of organic compounds in the atmosphere and during the autoignition of transport fuels. In the troposphere, the degradation of carbonyl hydroperoxides leads to low-vapor-pressure polyfunctional species that may precipitate in clouds and fog droplets or to the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). In combustion, the fate of carbonyl hydroperoxides is important for the performance of advanced combustion engines, especially for autoignition. A key fate of the carbonyl hydroperoxides is reaction with OH radicals, for which kinetics data are experimentally unavailable. Here, we study 4-hydroperoxy-2-pentanone (CH3C(═O)CH2CH(OOH)CH3) as a model compound to clarify the kinetics of OH reactions with carbonyl hydroperoxides, in particular H atom abstraction and OH addition reactions. With a combination of electronic structure calculations, we determine previously missing thermochemical data, and with multipath variational transition state theory (MP-VTST), a multidimensional tunneling (MT) approximation, multiple-structure anharmonicity, and torsional potential anharmonicity, we obtained much more accurate rate constants than the ones that can computed by conventional single-structure harmonic transition state theory (TST) and than the empirically estimated rate constants that are currently used in atmospheric and combustion modeling. The roles of various factors in determining the rates are elucidated. The pressure-dependent rate constants for the addition reaction are computed using system-specific quantum RRK theory. The calculated temperature range is 298-2400 K, and the pressure range is 0.01-100 atm. The accurate thermodynamic and kinetics data determined in this work are indispensable in the global modeling of SOAs in atmospheric science and in the detailed understanding and prediction of ignition properties of hydrocarbons and alternative fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xing
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230029, China.,Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota , Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Junwei Lucas Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota , Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Zhandong Wang
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Clean Combustion Research Center (CCRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feng Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota , Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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